CN111334363A - 一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium hydroxide monohydrate Substances [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)OCC PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940040692 lithium hydroxide monohydrate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- -1 hydroxyl fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- NNLOHLDVJGPUFR-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)C([O-])=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)C([O-])=O NNLOHLDVJGPUFR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
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- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- YSIQDTZQRDDQNF-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);2,3-di(nonyl)naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1 YSIQDTZQRDDQNF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical group N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 claims description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005066 dodecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 8
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- QWVMUSBBWGTKML-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mo](=S)=S Chemical compound [Li].[Mo](=S)=S QWVMUSBBWGTKML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NPDWRUIDLDMXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(=O)(O)(O)O.[S-2].[Zn+2] Chemical class P(=O)(O)(O)O.[S-2].[Zn+2] NPDWRUIDLDMXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010081750 Reticulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,属于润滑脂制备技术领域,包括按重量份数计的组分:基础油:75~94份;稠化剂:5~20份;抗氧剂:0.1~1份;固体减磨剂:0.5~4份;防锈剂:0.05~0.3份,润滑脂的制备方法包括以下步骤:S1、准备组分;S2、将基础油、脂肪酸、单水氢氧化锂加入反应釜中,密闭加热进行皂化反应;S3、反应釜泄压,将混合物升温至200~210℃,急冷至中间釜;S4、回流剪切、均化、冷却,加入抗氧剂、防锈剂和固体减磨剂,回流得到产品。本发明中的润滑脂通过选择合适的基础油,加入固体减磨剂,提高润滑脂的极压减摩性,降低设备磨损,节约能源,且外观呈淡色,方便工作人员察觉润滑脂的工作状态,应用范围更广,满足更多承载抗磨的润滑要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑脂制备技术领域,特别涉及一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济和社会的发展,我国经济持续高速发展,给润滑脂工业带来了前所未有的给予及挑战。随着石化、冶金、造纸、工程等现代工业的发展,越来越多的机械设备运行在重载条件下,并趋于智能化。人们对与之配套的润滑脂产品的性能要求也越来越高。对于重载要求较高的润滑脂,固体添加剂以其优异的润滑性,可以有效降低磨损,降低摩擦系数、提高负载能力、增强和金属的粘接及耐化学安定性,在润滑应用中备受青睐。
二硫化钼以其优异的性能在润滑剂中应用广泛,加入润滑脂中可提高润滑脂的承载能力,在润滑脂的润滑膜遭受冲击负荷或高热的情况下,二硫化钼可起补强作用,防止摩擦件的过热、异常磨损或卡咬。如二硫化钼锂基润滑脂,主要应用于轧钢机械、矿山机械、重型起重机械等重负荷齿轮和轴承的润滑,并使用于有冲击负荷的部件。
公告号为CN102229844A的中国专利公开了一种二硫化钼锂基润滑脂及其制备方法,包括如下成分及重量份数:12羟基硬脂酸70-90份;硬脂酸15-25份;氢氧化锂10-115份;氢氧化钙1-5份;基础油850-950份;添加剂50-70份,制备方法为混合逐渐升温,最后调节锥入度即可。其中使用二硫化钼粉作为固体润滑剂,但是加有二硫化钼的润滑脂外观呈较深的灰黑色,在机械设备遇到故障、出现腐蚀及润滑脂不良的情况时,摩擦副表面因润滑剂外观呈黑色不易分析发现,而长时间的润滑不良会造成设备损坏而停机,构成重大经济损失。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂及其制备方法,由于硫化锌-磷酸化合物中含有磷和软金属锌的离子,能提供很好的抗磨性能,硫化铋中的硫原子能强烈吸附在摩擦副的金属表面,提供优良的极压性能。因此通过两者的复配,其极压抗磨性能达到了二硫化钼的水平,可替代价格昂贵、外观灰黑的二硫化钼固体润滑剂,应用于浅色锂基润滑脂。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:
一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,包括按重量份数计的组分如下:基础油:75~94份;稠化剂:5~20份;抗氧化剂:0.1~1份;固体减磨剂:0.5~4份;防锈剂:0.05~0.3份。
进一步的,所述基础油为矿物油、聚烯烃合成基础油中的任意一种或两种的混合物。
进一步的,所述稠化剂为脂肪酸锂皂,其脂肪酸为一元羟基脂肪酸、一元硬脂酸、二元脂肪酸。
进一步的,所述二元脂肪酸为癸二酸、壬二酸和己二酸中的任意一种或任意两种的混合物。
进一步的,所述抗氧化剂为胺类和酚类的一种或两种。
进一步的,所述固体减磨剂为硫化锌-磷酸化合物和硫化铋的混合物,所述固体减磨剂中硫化锌-磷酸化合物比例在60~85wt%。
进一步的,所述防腐防锈剂为苯并三氮唑及其衍生物类、噻二唑及其衍生物类、二壬基萘磺酸钡、烯基丁二酸、十二烯基丁二酸酯、烯基丁二酸酯、烯基丁二酸酯的杂环类,上述物质中一种或两种的混合物。
一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照各个组分的比例准备原料;
S2、首先取1/3~1/2基础油加入到反应釜中,取脂肪酸加入到基础油中混合并加热,当温度至50~80℃时加入单水氢氧化锂和水,之后密闭反应釜升温至150~160℃,进行皂化反应,反应时间30~40分钟;
S3、皂化完成后反应釜泄压,将步骤S2生成的产物快速升温至200~210℃,将反应釜中物料与1/5~1/3基础油混合移送至中间釜,冷却过程中在中间釜中加入剩余基础油;
S4、在中间釜进行回流剪切,然后均化分散冷却,时间范围是120~150分钟,当混合物温度降至70~90℃时,再依次加入抗氧化剂、防锈剂和固体减磨剂,之后回流,使各个组分混合均匀,得到最后的产品。
进一步的,在步骤S3中,快速升温至200~210℃之后需要保温2~5min。
进一步的,在步骤S4中,回流时间为120~150min。
综上所述,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1.使用硫化锌-磷酸化合物和硫化铋的混合物作为固体减摩剂,其中含有磷和软金属锌的离子在摩擦副表面形成减磨层,还有硫化铋分子能快速填充到需要润滑的摩擦副表面的肉眼不可见的凹痕中,可充满摩擦副之间的间隙,减少了摩擦副之间直接接触,从而改善摩擦副的磨损情况,从而体现润滑脂具有更好的抗磨性能;
2.硫化锌-磷酸化合物和硫化铋的混合物中,硫化物分子能强烈地吸附在摩擦副的金属表面,在重载和高温条件下形成化学反应膜,提供优良的极压性能;
3.这种润滑脂的颜色为浅黄色,当润滑脂失效的时候,润滑脂的颜色会变成黑色,方便工作人员发现润滑脂已经失效的情况,以便更换润滑脂;
4、从最高炼制温度冷却之后,脂肪酸锂皂会形成三维网状的纤维结构,有利于脂肪酸锂皂锁住其他组分,避免出现其他组分流失的情况,同时硫化锌-磷酸化合物和硫化铋的混合物中的离子会填充到纤维结构的间隙中,一方面有利于两者结合更加紧密,从而提高润滑脂的稳定性;另一方面会进一步缩小纤维结构的间隙,纤维结构会锁住更多的基础油,使润滑脂的组织结构更加稳定,提高抗磨性能。
附图说明
图1是节能减摩锂基润滑脂的制备方法的步骤示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1:一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,包括按重量份数计的组分如下:
基础油:86.5份40℃运动粘度为120cst的矿物油;稠化剂:9份十二羟基硬脂酸;抗氧化剂:0.2份N-苯基-α-萘胺;固体减磨剂:1.9份硫化锌-磷酸化合物和0.9份硫化铋,共计2.8份;防锈剂:0.2份苯并三氮唑;氢氧化锂:单水氢氧化锂1.3份。
节能减摩锂基润滑脂的制备方法,如图1所示,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照各个组分的比例准备原料。
S2、将1/3的矿物油和十二羟基硬脂酸加入到皂化釜中混合均匀,之后将混合物加热到60℃,将单水氢氧化锂和水到皂化釜中,之后将皂化釜密封,皂化釜升温到150~155℃进行皂化反应,反应30分钟。
S3、化完成后反应釜泄压,将混合物快速升温至200℃,保温2分钟,之后将1/3~1/5的矿物油加入到皂化釜中,将混合物搅拌均匀,然后将混合物转移到中间釜中,将剩余的基础油加入到中间釜中。
S4、在中间釜进行回流剪切,然后均化,时间为10分钟,当混合物温度下降到70℃时,再依次加入N-苯基-α-萘胺、苯并三氮唑、硫化锌-磷酸化合物和硫化铋,之后回流剪切120min,使各个组分混合均匀,得到最后的产品,之后经过检测、过滤和包装即可出厂。
实施例2:一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,包括按重量份数计上的组分如下:
基础油:80份40℃运动粘度为140cst的矿物油;稠化剂:12.4份十二羟基硬脂酸和2.3份癸二酸,共计14.6份;抗氧化剂:0.5份N-苯基-α-萘胺;固体减磨剂:2份硫化锌-磷酸化合物和0.5份硫化铋,共计2.5份;防锈剂:0.1份2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚和0.1份噻二唑衍生物类;氢氧化锂:单水氢氧化锂2.5份。
节能减摩锂基润滑脂的制备方法,如图1所示,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照各个组分的比例准备原料。
S2、将1/3的矿物油和十二羟基硬脂酸加入到皂化釜中混合均匀,之后将混合物加热到75℃,将单水氢氧化锂和水到皂化釜中,之后将皂化釜密封,皂化釜升温到150~158℃进行皂化反应,反应40分钟。
S3、化完成后反应釜泄压,将混合物快速升温至210℃,保温5分钟,之后将1/3~1/5的矿物油加入到皂化釜中,将混合物搅拌均匀,然后将混合物转移到中间釜中,将剩余的矿物油加入到中间釜中。
S4、在中间釜进行回流剪切,然后均化,当混合物温度下降到80℃时,再依次加入N-苯基-α-萘胺、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、5g噻二唑衍生物类、硫化锌-磷酸化合物和硫化铋,之后回流130min,即得成品,之后经过检测、过滤和包装即可出厂。
实施例3:一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,包括按重量份数计上的组分如下:
基础油:63份40℃运动粘度为120cst的矿物油和23份40℃运动粘度为80cst的聚-α烯烃合成基础油,共计85份;稠化剂:10份十二羟基硬脂酸;抗氧化剂:0.3份N-苯基-α-萘胺;固体减磨剂:2.6份硫化锌-磷酸化合物和0.6份硫化铋,共计2.5份;防锈剂:0.1份苯并三氮唑;氢氧化锂:单水氢氧化锂1份。
节能减摩锂基润滑脂的制备方法,如图1所示,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照各个组分的比例准备原料。
S2、将一半矿物油和十二羟基硬脂酸加入到皂化釜中混合均匀,之后将混合物加热到60℃,将单水氢氧化锂和水到皂化釜中,之后密封皂化釜,然后将混合物加热到150~155℃进行皂化反应30分钟。
S3、化完成后反应釜泄压,将混合物快速升温至210℃,保温2分钟,将剩余的矿物油加入到皂化釜中,之后将混合物转移到中间釜中,在中间釜中加入聚-α烯烃合成基础油。
S4、在中间釜进行回流剪切,然后均化,当混合物温度下降到85℃时,加入N-苯基-α-萘胺、苯并三氮唑、硫化锌-磷酸化合物和硫化铋,之后回流140min,得到成品,之后经过检测、过滤和包装即可出厂。
对比例:
基础油:86.5份40℃运动粘度为120cst矿物油;稠化剂:9份十二羟基硬脂酸;抗氧化添加剂:0.2份N-苯基-α-萘胺;固体减磨剂:2.8份二硫化钼粉;防锈添加剂:0.2份苯并三氮唑;氢氧化锂:单水氢氧化锂1.3份。
制备这种润滑脂包括以下步骤:
S1、准备各个组分并按照比例配比。
S2、将1/3的矿物油和十二羟基硬脂酸加入到皂化釜中混合均匀,之后将混合物加热到60℃,将单水氢氧化锂和水到皂化釜中,之后将密皂化釜密封,密闭皂化釜升温到150~155℃进行皂化反应,反应30分钟。
S3、化完成后密闭反应釜泄压,将混合物快速升温至200℃,保温2分钟,之后将1/3~1/5的矿物油加入到密闭皂化釜中,将混合物搅拌均匀,然后将混合物转移到中间釜中,将剩余的基础油加入到中间釜中。
S4、在中间釜进行回流剪切,然后均化,时间为120分钟,当混合物温度下降到70℃时,再依次加入N-苯基-α-萘胺、苯并三氮唑、二硫化钼粉,之后回流剪切30分钟,使各个组分混合均匀,得到最后的产品,之后经过检测、过滤和包装即可出厂。
理化性能实验:
实验准备:分别取实施例1-3中制备的润滑脂和对比例制备的润滑脂等量,。
对上述的四润滑脂做综合理化实验,得到的理化指标表,见表1。
表1
实验结果分析:
指标采用四球摩擦试验机以滑动摩擦的形式,在点接触压力下,评定润滑剂的承载能力,烧结负荷PD表明润滑剂的极压承载能力,磨斑直径表明润滑剂的抗磨性能,直径越小抗磨性能越好。同时测试了实施例产品的摩擦系数。从实施例和比较例的样品检验数据可以看出,本发明制备的锂基润滑脂其极压性能与二硫化钼锂基润滑脂的水平相当,抗磨性能则更优。这种润滑脂的颜色为浅黄色,当润滑脂失效的时候,润滑脂的颜色会变深或变成黑色,方便工作人员发现润滑脂已经失效的情况,以便更换润滑脂。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释,其并不是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (10)
1.一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,其特征在于,包括按重量份数计的组分如下:基础油:75~94份;稠化剂:5~20份;抗氧化剂:0.1~1份;固体减磨剂:0.5~4份;防锈剂:0.05~0.3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述基础油为矿物油、聚烯烃合成基础油中的任意一种或两种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述稠化剂为脂肪酸锂皂,其脂肪酸为一元羟基脂肪酸、一元硬脂酸、二元脂肪酸。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述二元脂肪酸为癸二酸、壬二酸和己二酸中的任意一种或任意两种的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述抗氧化剂为胺类和酚类的一种或两种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述固体减磨剂为硫化锌-磷酸化合物和硫化铋的混合物,所述固体减磨剂中硫化锌-磷酸化合物比例在60~85wt%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂,其特征在于:所述防腐防锈剂为苯并三氮唑及其衍生物类、噻二唑及其衍生物类、二壬基萘磺酸钡、烯基丁二酸、十二烯基丁二酸酯、烯基丁二酸酯、烯基丁二酸酯的杂环类,上述物质中一种或两种的混合物。
8.一种如权利要求1-7任一项所述的节能减摩锂基润滑脂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、按照各个组分的比例准备原料;
S2、首先取1/3~1/2基础油加入到反应釜中,取脂肪酸加入到基础油中混合并加热,当温度至50~80℃时加入单水氢氧化锂和水,之后密闭反应釜升温至150~160℃,进行皂化反应,反应时间30~40分钟;
S3、皂化完成后反应釜泄压,将步骤S2生成的产物快速升温至200~210℃,将反应釜中物料与1/5~1/3基础油混合移送至中间釜,冷却过程中在中间釜中加入剩余基础油;
S4、在中间釜进行回流剪切,然后均化分散冷却,时间范围是120~150分钟,当混合物温度降至70~90℃时,再依次加入抗氧化剂、防锈剂和固体减磨剂,之后回流,使各个组分混合均匀,得到最后的产品。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤S3中,快速升温至200~210℃之后需要保温2~5min。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种节能减摩锂基润滑脂的制备方法,其特征在于:在步骤S4中,回流时间为120~150min。
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