CN111333152A - Method for treating high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid through electrolytic oxidation - Google Patents
Method for treating high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid through electrolytic oxidation Download PDFInfo
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- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
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- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid. The invention is based on the new idea of recovering metal nickel in the waste liquid by the electrodeposition resources and removing total phosphorus and COD in the waste liquid by advanced oxidation, and improves the deposition efficiency of the metal nickel and the removal rate of the total phosphorus and COD by introducing an electric field and an advanced oxidant into the nickel electroplating waste liquid. The method comprises the steps of firstly recovering metal nickel by an electrodeposition method, secondly removing partial total phosphorus by adding an alkaline agent, then adding ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and hydrogen peroxide to oxidize hypophosphite ions in a solution into orthophosphate, and finally removing the total phosphorus by adding the alkaline agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of harmless treatment and resource recycling of hazardous wastes, and particularly relates to a process for recycling useful elements in high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid through electrolytic oxidation treatment.
Background
The chemical nickel plating waste liquid contains high complexing agent and buffering agent, and nickel exists in the form of complex. In order to ensure that the treated nickel ions in the waste liquid reach the standard, the common oxidants such as ozone, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine gas and the like are used for breaking the collaterals in advance and reducing COD. The researchers compare the situation and the dosage of the oxidant, and the potassium permanganate is considered as the optimal oxidant, besides oxidizing and breaking the complex, the potassium permanganate can convert hypophosphite and phosphite into orthophosphoric acid, so that the removal of phosphate is facilitated, but excessive manganese ions are easily introduced. The single chemical precipitation method is simple and convenient to operate and low in cost, but generates a large amount of waste residues; the electrolytic method can effectively recover nickel resources, but has large power consumption and can not lead the waste liquid to finally reach the standard and be discharged; the ion exchange method and the electrodialysis method have large equipment investment and high cost. At present, the industrial park has high treatment difficulty and high cost, and is difficult to reach the sewage discharge standard of the industrial park.
To date, scholars at home and abroad use the harmless treatment and resource utilization of the nickel plating waste liquid as the following active explorations: the researchers developed chemical precipitation, oxidation-reduction, evaporation-concentration, physical-chemical, biological, CZB mineral, chelating precipitation and so on to treat the nickel plating waste liquid containing heavy metals. Guzhenhua, Wangxin, etc. propose to use sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate to control the pH of the waste liquid to form hydroxide precipitate to remove heavy metal ions (application number: 201511000857.4), but the effect of removing low-valent phosphorus needs to be improved. The heavy metal nickel plating waste liquid is evaporated by an evaporation concentration method (application number: 201711434853.6) such as Huxiang and Quhongfei, so that the solution is concentrated and recycled. Zengqing, Guo Chang and the like adopt an ion exchange method and an adsorption method to separate and adsorb heavy metals in waste liquid (application number: 201810551062. X), but the regeneration efficiency of the adsorbent is low, and the effluent standard after treatment needs to be further improved.
Nickel complexes, such as nickel citrate, nickel tartrate, nickel malate, etc., are present in electroless nickel plating solutions, and hypophosphite and phosphite salts, which have reducing properties, are present in relatively large amounts in the plating solutions. The plating solution contains a large amount of pH value buffering agent, such as acetic acid, succinic acid, etc., as well as brightener, stabilizer, etc. In the chemical nickel plating solution, the existence of complexing agent and reducing agent inevitably causes the COD to be increased sharply. For example, in an electroless nickel plating solution using sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent, since the hypophosphite consumed is changed into phosphite due to the reduction reaction of nickel, nickel salt and hypophosphite are supplemented during the process operation, and meanwhile, in the solution, the nickel plating solution is aged due to the accumulation of sulfate and phosphite generated by the reaction, thereby possibly causing partial or complete rejection of the electroless nickel plating solution and requiring treatment. Because the components in the waste liquid are complex, the treatment of the chemical nickel plating waste liquid is difficult, and any single method cannot achieve the treatment purpose well.
In conclusion, the treatment and disposal of COD, nickel and total phosphorus are the key points of the harmless treatment and resource utilization of the nickel plating waste liquid. However, the treatment of the nickel-plating waste liquid becomes more difficult due to high-concentration total phosphorus and COD, the system of the waste liquid is complex, and the removal of nickel, COD and total phosphorus is difficult to realize by adopting the traditional single methods such as oxidation reduction, evaporation concentration, ion exchange and the like, so that the pollution is serious in the harmless treatment and resource utilization processes of the high-concentration nickel-containing phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid.
The method is based on a new idea of treating the nickel plating waste liquid by the cooperation of the electrodeposition and advanced oxidation technologies, not only effectively recovers heavy metal nickel in the nickel plating waste liquid, but also reduces the concentration of low-valent phosphorus in the waste liquid, improves the removal efficiency of metal nickel, total phosphorus and COD in the nickel plating waste liquid, recycles the electrodeposited nickel as resources, and can ensure that the treated waste liquid can enter a sewage treatment pipe network of an industrial park.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low removal rate of nickel, total phosphorus and COD in the nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid, complex process, high cost and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a method for treating the high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid by electrolytic oxidation.
The invention discloses a method for treating high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid by electrolytic oxidation. The process method mainly comprises the following steps.
(1) A certain high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid is taken, a pulse electric field (pulse frequency 1000HZ and duty ratio 0.5) is additionally arranged, the current density is set to be 100-400A/m, electrolysis is carried out for 10-30 h, and electrolyte and an electrolysis product I are obtained after electrolysis.
(2) Adding an alkaline agent (one or more of 0.05-5 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 0.05-3 parts by weight of calcium hydroxide and 0.05-4 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide) into the electrolyte obtained in the step (1), adjusting the pH to 8-14, stirring for reacting for 0.5-2 h, and separating to obtain solid filter residue II and filtrate A.
(3) Adjusting the pH value of the filtrate obtained in the step (2) to 3-6, adding ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (0.005-0.05 part by weight of ferric chloride and 0.005-0.05 part by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate), stirring and reacting for 10-20 min, adding hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite (0.08-0.1 part by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 0.05-0.01 part by weight of sodium hypochlorite), adding a small amount of PAM, stirring and reacting for 3-6 h, and separating to obtain leached filter residue III and filtrate B.
(4) Adding an alkaline agent (one or more of 0.015-0.08 part by weight of calcium carbonate, 0.05-0.1 part by weight of calcium oxide and 0.015-0.08 part by weight of calcium hydroxide) into the filtrate B obtained in the step (3), stirring and reacting for 1-3 hours, and adjusting the pH value to 7-9 to obtain leached filter residue IV and filtrate C.
(5) And (4) filtering the reaction liquid obtained in the step (4), adding ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and ferric chloride, stirring for reaction for 20min, adding hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, adding a small amount of PAM, stirring for reaction for 3-6 h, filtering, and separating to obtain leached filter residue V and filtrate D. The concentration of nickel ions in the obtained D solution is lower than 0.5 mg/L, the concentration of COD is only 80 mg/L, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 12mg/L, and the total phosphorus is 0.9 mg/L, so that the requirement of a waste water discharge port of a workshop or a production facility in the discharge Standard of electroplating pollutants (GB 21900-2008) is met, and the waste water can enter an industrial park sewage and is discharged into a pipe network system.
The invention has the beneficial effect.
(1) In order to achieve the purpose of harmless treatment of the nickel electroplating waste liquid, physicochemical analysis is carried out on the nickel electroplating waste liquid, and the results show that heavy metals Ni, total phosphorus and COD in the nickel electroplating waste liquid exceed the threshold values specified in GB3838-2002 and are 4370%, 20377.89% and 1625% respectively; the concentrations of Ni, total phosphorus and COD in the nickel electroplating waste liquid treated by the method are remarkably reduced by nearly 100%, 99.99% and 99.85% respectively.
(2) The invention establishes a set of process for high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid. Firstly, electrolyzing for 10-30 h by adding a direct current power supply or a pulse power supply, and effectively removing part of nickel, total phosphorus and the like in the nickel plating waste liquid; secondly, adjusting the pH value of the leaching solution by using calcium oxide, and reacting to obtain products of calcium phosphate and calcium phosphite; then, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and hydrogen peroxide are added to oxidize hypophosphite in the waste liquid into orthophosphate; and finally, adding calcium oxide, adjusting the pH value to 8.5-10, and stirring to react to obtain calcium phosphate and ferric phosphate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process for treating high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid by electrolytic oxidation according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Example 1
(1) Accurately weighing 6L of high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid by using metering equipment, and applying a pulse electric field (pulse frequency 1000HZ, duty ratio 0.5) with current density of 250A/m2Electrolyzing for 24 h to obtain an electrolysis product I (the purity is 86%) and electrolyte;
(2) adding calcium oxide (15 g of calcium oxide) into 200 mL of the electrolyte obtained in the step (1), adjusting the pH value to 14, stirring for reacting for 4h, and separating to obtain leaching filter residue II and filtrate A;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the filtrate A obtained in the step (2) to 4, adding ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (1.5 g of ferrous chloride and 1.5g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate), and stirring for reacting for 20 min;
(4) adding hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite (12 g of hydrogen peroxide and 12 g of sodium hypochlorite) into the filtrate obtained in the step (3), adding a small amount of PAM, stirring for reacting for 4 hours, pouring into a solid-liquid separation device, and separating to obtain leached filter residue III and filtrate B;
(5) adding calcium hydroxide (5 g of calcium hydroxide) into the filtrate B obtained in the step (4), stirring and reacting for 2 hours, pouring the slurry into a solid-liquid separation device, and separating to obtain filtrate C and filter residue IV;
(6) adding ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and ferric chloride (1.5 g of ferrous chloride and 1.5g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate) into the filtrate obtained in the step (5), stirring and reacting for 20min, adding hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite (12 g of hydrogen peroxide and 12 g of sodium hypochlorite), adding a small amount of PAM, stirring and reacting for 3-6 h, filtering, and separating to obtain leached filter residue V and filtrate D. The concentration of nickel ions in the obtained D solution is 0.15 mg/L, the concentration of COD is 80 mg/L, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 14 mg/L, and the total phosphorus is 0.9 mg/L.
Example 2
(1) Accurately weighing 6L of high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid by using metering equipment, and applying a pulse electric field (pulse frequency 1000HZ, duty ratio 0.5) with current density of 300A/m2Electrolyzing for 24 h to obtain an electrolysis product I (the purity is 85%) and electrolyte;
(2) adding calcium oxide (20 g of calcium oxide) into 200 mL of the electrolyte obtained in the step (1), adjusting the pH value to 14, stirring for reacting for 4h, and separating to obtain leaching filter residue II and filtrate A;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the filtrate A obtained in the step (2) to 4, adding ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (2 g of ferrous chloride and 2g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate), and stirring for reacting for 20 min;
(4) adding hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite (16 g of hydrogen peroxide and 16g of sodium hypochlorite) into the liquid obtained in the step (3), adding a small amount of PAM, stirring for reacting for 4 hours, pouring into a solid-liquid separation device, and separating to obtain leached filter residue III and filtrate B;
(5) adding calcium oxide (5 g) into the filtrate B obtained in the step (4), stirring and reacting for 2 hours, pouring the slurry into a solid-liquid separation device, and separating to obtain filtrate C and filter residue IV;
(6) adding ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and ferric chloride (2 g of ferrous chloride and 2g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate) into the filtrate obtained in the step (5), stirring and reacting for 20min, adding hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite (16 g of hydrogen peroxide and 16g of sodium hypochlorite), adding a small amount of PAM, stirring and reacting for 3-6 h, filtering, and separating to obtain leached filter residue V and filtrate D. The concentration of nickel ions in the obtained D solution is 0.11 mg/L, the concentration of COD is 90 mg/L, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 15 mg/L, and the total phosphorus is 0.9 mg/L.
Example 3
(1) Accurately weighing 6L of high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid by using metering equipment, and applying a pulse electric field (pulse frequency 1000HZ, duty ratio 0.5) with current density of 200A/m2Electrolyzing for 24 h to obtain an electrolysis product I (the purity is 84%) and electrolyte;
(2) adding calcium oxide (30 g of calcium oxide) into 200 mL of the electrolyte obtained in the step (1), adjusting the pH value to 14, stirring for reacting for 4h, and separating to obtain leached filter residue II and a solution A;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the filtrate A obtained in the step (2) to 4, adding ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate additives (1.5 g of ferrous chloride and 2g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate), and stirring for reacting for 20 min;
(4) adding hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite (12 g of hydrogen peroxide and 16g of sodium hypochlorite) into the liquid obtained in the step (3), adding a small amount of PAM, stirring for reacting for 4 hours, pouring into a solid-liquid separation device, and separating to obtain leached filter residue III and filtrate B;
(5) adding calcium oxide (7 g) into the filtrate B obtained in the step (4), stirring and reacting for 2 hours, pouring the slurry into a solid-liquid separation device, and separating to obtain filtrate C and filter residue IV;
(6) adding ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and ferric chloride (1.5 g of ferrous chloride and 2g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate) into the filtrate obtained in the step (5), stirring and reacting for 20min, adding hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite (12 g of hydrogen peroxide and 16g of sodium hypochlorite), adding a small amount of PAM, stirring and reacting for 3-6 h, filtering, and separating to obtain leached filter residue V and filtrate D. The concentration of nickel ions in the obtained D solution is 0.22mg/L, the concentration of COD is 90 mg/L, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 14 mg/L, and the total phosphorus is lower than 0.9 mg/L;
as can be seen from the above examples, after electrodeposition and oxidative precipitation treatment, the purity of electrodeposited metal nickel is 86%, the concentration of nickel ions in the treated waste liquid is lower than 0.5 mg/L, the COD concentration can be lower than 100 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than 15 mg/L, and the total phosphorus content is lower than 1 mg/L, so that the requirement of a waste water discharge port of a workshop or a production facility in the discharge Standard for electroplating pollutants (GB 21900-2008) is met, and the waste water can enter an industrial park sewage and is discharged into a pipe network system. The method has the advantages of low cost, simple process, remarkable treatment effect and no secondary pollution. The product obtained by electrodeposition and recovery can be used as a corrosion-resistant material, and the product obtained by oxidation and precipitation can be used as a battery material, a catalyst and the like.
Claims (7)
1. The method for treating the high-concentration nickel-containing phosphorus-containing waste liquid by electrolytic oxidation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
taking a certain high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid, externally adding a direct current electric field or a pulse electric field, setting the current density to be 100-400A/m, electrolyzing for 10-30 h, and obtaining an electrolyte and an electrolytic product I after electrolysis.
Adding an alkaline agent (one or more of 0.05-5 parts by weight of calcium oxide, 0.05-3 parts by weight of calcium hydroxide and 0.05-4 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide) into the electrolyte obtained in the step (1), adjusting the pH to 8-14, stirring for reacting for 0.5-2 h, and separating to obtain solid filter residue II and filtrate A.
Adjusting the pH value of the filtrate obtained in the step (2) to 3-6, adding ferric chloride and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (0.005-0.05 part by weight of ferric chloride and 0.005-0.05 part by weight of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate), stirring and reacting for 10-20 min, adding hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite (0.08-0.1 part by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 0.05-0.01 part by weight of sodium hypochlorite), adding a small amount of PAM, stirring and reacting for 3-6 h, and separating to obtain leached filter residue III and filtrate B.
Adding an alkaline agent (one or more of 0.015-0.08 part by weight of calcium carbonate, 0.05-0.1 part by weight of calcium oxide and 0.015-0.08 part by weight of calcium hydroxide) into the filtrate B obtained in the step (3), stirring and reacting for 1-3 hours, adjusting the pH value to 7-9, and separating to obtain leached filter residue IV and filtrate C.
And (3) filtering the reaction liquid obtained in the step (4), adding ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and ferric chloride, stirring and reacting for 20min, adding hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite (0.08-0.1 part by weight of hydrogen peroxide and 0.05-0.01 part by weight of sodium hypochlorite), adding a small amount of PAM, stirring and reacting for 3-6 h, filtering, and separating to obtain leaching filter residue V and filtrate D.
2. The method for electrolytic oxidation treatment of high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein the cathode plates in step (1) are all stainless steel plates, and the anode plates are made of stainless steel material.
3. The method for electrolytic oxidation treatment of the organic waste liquid containing nickel and phosphorus with high concentration according to claim 2, characterized in that the residue I obtained in step (1) is mainly phosphorus-nickel alloy deposited from the electrolytic nickel-containing waste liquid, and can be applied to the fields of acid-resistant building material additives with high added value and the like.
4. The method for electrolytic oxidation treatment of organic waste liquid containing nickel and phosphorus with high concentration according to claim 3, wherein the residue II obtained in step (2) is mainly impurities such as nickel and calcium in the electrolyte, and can be used for preparing regulators, stabilizers and the like.
5. The method for electrolytic oxidation treatment of high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid according to claim 4, wherein the product III obtained in step (3) is ferric phosphate and ferric hydroxide, and can be used for manufacturing battery materials, ceramics and the like.
6. The method for electrolytic oxidation treatment of organic waste liquid containing nickel and phosphorus in high concentration according to claim 5, wherein the solid residue collected in step (4) is calcium phosphate, and can be used for manufacturing additives, medicines, fertilizers, etc.
7. The method for electrolytic oxidation treatment of high-concentration nickel-phosphorus-containing organic waste liquid according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of nickel ions is lower than 0.5 mg/L, the COD concentration can be lower than 100 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than 15 mg/L, and the total phosphorus content is lower than 1 mg/L after treatment, so that the requirement of a wastewater discharge port of a vehicle or production facility in discharge Standard of electroplating pollutants (GB 21900-2008) is met, and the wastewater can enter an industrial park sewage and is discharged into a pipe network system.
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| CN113716659A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-30 | 深圳市环境科学研究院 | Method and system for recovering phosphorus from acidic chemical nickel plating waste liquid |
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