CN111332117A - Hybrid power system, synchronous gear shifting mechanism and vehicle - Google Patents
Hybrid power system, synchronous gear shifting mechanism and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111332117A CN111332117A CN201811556934.8A CN201811556934A CN111332117A CN 111332117 A CN111332117 A CN 111332117A CN 201811556934 A CN201811556934 A CN 201811556934A CN 111332117 A CN111332117 A CN 111332117A
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hybrid power system, a synchronous gear shifting mechanism and a vehicle.A driving motor is in transmission connection with a planet row gear ring, and the planet row gear ring is also in transmission connection with a drive axle; the gear shifting locking mechanism comprises a fixed shaft and a hollow shaft which is sleeved on the fixed shaft in a sliding manner, and a front gear and a rear gear are rotatably sleeved on different fixed positions on the hollow shaft; when the hollow shaft is positioned at a first position, the engine is in transmission joint with a first port of the planet row through a front gear, and a fixedly arranged locking gear ring is in joint with a second port of the planet row through a rear gear; when the hollow shaft is positioned at the second position, the engine is in transmission joint with the first port of the planet row through the front gear, and the generator is in transmission joint with the second port of the planet row through the rear gear; when the hollow shaft is located at the third position, the engine is disconnected with the first port of the planet row, and the second port of the planet row is disconnected with the locking gear ring and the generator. The invention can avoid the dragging loss of the reverse-dragging engine and the clutch, and saves energy and operation and maintenance cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hybrid power system, a synchronous gear shifting mechanism and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles.
Background
Compared with the traditional fuel oil automobile, the hybrid electric automobile has the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection, and simultaneously has the advantage of being not limited by the battery endurance mileage compared with a pure electric automobile. At present, environmental pollution and energy crisis are increasingly worsened, and battery technology is not broken through, hybrid power becomes a more perfect vehicle power solution. The hybrid power is divided into a series hybrid power, a parallel hybrid power, and a hybrid power according to the coupling manner of the power.
The series-parallel hybrid system has a significant performance advantage over the series hybrid system and the parallel hybrid system. In the scheme, the output end of an engine is directly connected with an input shaft of a planet row, and a pneumatic locking clutch is used for controlling the power output end of a generator, so that the locking of the high-speed direct-drive mode generator of the system is realized, and the energy loss is reduced.
In the structure, the clutch is adopted by the power output locking mechanism of the generator, the power interruption of the generator can be quickly controlled by using the clutch, the power output requirements under different working modes are met, and the system efficiency is improved.
But the following problems are simultaneously existed: firstly, the engine in the system can not realize the interruption of power connection, and the engine rotates along with the engine in the pure electric mode, so that the energy loss is caused; and secondly, the generator is locked by using a wet clutch, so that drag loss can be caused when the clutch is separated, and the energy consumption of the system is adversely affected. In addition, the clutch can not be automatically coordinated and controlled, and the control structure is too complicated and not simple enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hybrid power system and a vehicle, which are used for solving the problem of energy waste caused by dragging an engine to rotate along with the engine in a pure electric driving mode in the existing hybrid power scheme. The invention also provides a synchronous gear shifting mechanism which is used for solving the problems that the dragging loss is caused by the fact that a clutch breaks a power transmission path, the relative parts such as a clutch friction disc have larger working loss, the energy is wasted, and the operation and maintenance cost is increased.
In order to achieve the above object, the scheme of the invention comprises:
the invention discloses a hybrid power system, which comprises an engine, a planetary row, a driving motor, a generator and a synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism, wherein the engine is connected with a first gear for receiving the power of the engine, a planetary frame of the planetary row is coaxially connected with a second gear, a sun gear is provided with a third gear, a planetary row gear ring is in transmission connection with the driving motor through a gearbox, the generator is provided with a fourth gear, the fourth gear is positioned on one side in the radial direction of the third gear, the first gear, the second gear and the third gear are coaxially arranged, the synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism is arranged among the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear, and comprises a shell, a fixed shaft parallel to the shaft of the first gear, a first transmission part, a second transmission part and a locking piece, wherein the first transmission part, the second transmission part and the locking piece are arranged on the fixed shaft, can rotate and move around the fixed shaft; the first transmission part and the second transmission part are gears or gear sets linked along a fixed shaft, a first position, a second position and a third position are arranged on the fixed shaft, when the first transmission part is located at the first position, the first gear and the second gear are in transmission joint through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is respectively meshed with the third gear and the locking piece; when the first gear is in the first position, the first gear is in transmission joint with the second gear through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is meshed with the third gear and the fourth gear simultaneously; in the third position, at least one of the first and second gears is axially offset from the first drive portion, and the second drive portion is axially offset from at least one of the third and fourth gears.
The invention discloses a synchronous gear shifting mechanism, which comprises a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear and a synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism, wherein the first gear, the second gear and the third gear are coaxially arranged, the fourth gear is arranged on one side of the third gear in the radial direction, the synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism is configured among the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear, the synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism comprises a shell, a fixed shaft parallel to the shaft of the first gear, a first transmission part, a second transmission part and a locking piece, the first transmission part, the second transmission part and the locking piece are mounted on the fixed shaft, can rotate and move around the fixed shaft, and the locking piece is configured; the first transmission part and the second transmission part are gears or gear sets linked along a fixed shaft, a first position, a second position and a third position are arranged on the fixed shaft, when the first transmission part is located at the first position, the first gear and the second gear are in transmission joint through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is respectively meshed with the third gear and the locking piece; when the first gear is in the first position, the first gear is in transmission joint with the second gear through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is meshed with the third gear and the fourth gear simultaneously; in the third position, at least one of the first and second gears is axially offset from the first drive portion, and the second drive portion is axially offset from at least one of the third and fourth gears.
The invention discloses a vehicle, which comprises an engine, a planetary row, a driving motor, a generator and a synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism, wherein the engine is connected with a first gear for receiving the power of the engine, a planet carrier of the planetary row is coaxially connected with a second gear, a sun gear is provided with a third gear, a ring gear of the planetary row is in transmission connection with the driving motor through a gearbox, the generator is provided with a fourth gear, the fourth gear is positioned on one side in the radial direction of the third gear, the first gear, the second gear and the third gear are coaxially arranged, the synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism is arranged among the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear, and comprises a shell, a fixed shaft parallel to the shaft of the first gear, a first transmission part, a second transmission part and a locking piece, wherein the first transmission part, the second transmission part and the locking piece are arranged on the fixed shaft, can rotate and move around the; the first transmission part and the second transmission part are gears or gear sets linked along a fixed shaft, a first position, a second position and a third position are arranged on the fixed shaft, when the first transmission part is located at the first position, the first gear and the second gear are in transmission joint through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is respectively meshed with the third gear and the locking piece; when the first gear is in the first position, the first gear is in transmission joint with the second gear through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is meshed with the third gear and the fourth gear simultaneously; in the third position, at least one of the first and second gears is axially offset from the first drive portion, and the second drive portion is axially offset from at least one of the third and fourth gears.
The gear shifting locking mechanism comprises a transmission part capable of moving axially, the transmission part comprises a first transmission part and a second transmission part, an engine can be connected with a first port of a planetary row, such as a planet carrier, through the first transmission part, and a second port of the planetary row, such as a sun gear, can be connected with a fixedly arranged locking piece or is in transmission connection with a generator through the second transmission part. When the first transmission part is positioned at the position of simultaneously engaging the gears at the two opposite ends of the transmission shaft of the engine and the transmission shaft of the planet carrier, the second transmission part is positioned at the position of simultaneously engaging the gear connected with the transmission shaft of the sun gear and the locking piece fixed on the structural component, and the direct driving of the engine is realized at the moment; after the transmission part is axially moved for a certain distance, the first transmission part is still positioned at the position of simultaneously engaging the gears at two opposite ends of the transmission shaft of the engine and the transmission shaft of the planet carrier because the engaging surface of the first transmission part is wider, and the second transmission part is positioned at the position of simultaneously engaging the gear of the transmission shaft of the sun gear and the gear on the transmission shaft of the generator, so that hybrid power driving is realized; the transmission part continues to move axially, and when the first transmission part enters the free rotating vacant position, namely the first transmission part is not meshed with gears at two opposite ends of the transmission shaft of the engine and the transmission shaft of the planet carrier any more, the second transmission part also enters the vacant position and is not meshed with other gears any more, so that pure electric drive is realized.
Under the pure electric driving working condition, the planet row is disconnected with both the engine and the generator, the driving motor can directly drive a driving axle or wheels of the vehicle through a third port of the planet row, such as a gear ring, the front row of the planet row rotates along with the driving axle, the engine and the generator are prevented from being dragged backwards, the loss of driving energy is prevented, and energy is saved. Meanwhile, the clutch is not locked or separated in the switching of different driving modes, so that the dragging loss of the clutch is avoided, the energy is further saved, the maintenance and replacement period of parts is prolonged, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced. The gear shifting locking mechanism realizes linkage control of the engine, the generator and the related planet row components, simplifies a control system and related program instructions, and reduces the possibility of faults and control errors.
The driving motor outputs power through the speed change mechanism, more speed ratios are provided for the pure electric mode, and the adaptability to different road conditions and working conditions in the pure electric mode is improved.
Furthermore, the first transmission part and the second transmission part are rotatably assembled on a hollow shaft, and are assembled on the fixed shaft through the hollow shaft.
Further, the first transmission part is a front gear on the fixed shaft close to one side of the first gear, and the second transmission part is a rear gear on the fixed shaft close to one side of the fourth gear.
Further, the locking piece is a locking gear ring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a hybrid powertrain system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the synchronous shift mechanism of the present invention (i.e., an enlarged view of the dashed line portion of FIG. 1);
the figure includes: 1. an engine; 2. a first gear; 3. a second gear; 4. a third gear; 5. a sun gear; 6. a planetary gear; 7. a planet carrier; 8. a planet row gear ring; 9. a drive shaft; 10. a drive motor; 11. a gearbox; 12. a gear shift locking mechanism; 13. locking the gear ring; 14. a fourth gear; 15. a generator; 16. a rear axle; 17. a fixed shaft; 18. a front gear; 19. a slidable hollow shaft; 20. a rear gear.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The synchronous shift mechanism of the present invention shown in fig. 2 includes: 17. a fixed shaft; 18. a front gear; 19. a slidable hollow shaft; 20. a rear gear; 13. locking the gear ring; and 2, a first gear; 3. a second gear; 4. a third gear; 14. a fourth gear. The two ends of the fixed shaft 17 are fixed on a structural component or a shell of the synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism, a slidable hollow shaft 19 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 17, and a front gear 18 and a rear gear 20 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the slidable hollow shaft 19. The slidable hollow shaft 19 is axially movable on the fixed shaft 17 in two degrees of freedom. The front gear 18 and the rear gear 20 of the locking mechanism for the synchro-shift are arranged in fixed positions on the hollow slidable shaft 19 by bearings, i.e. the front gear 18 and the rear gear 20 cannot move axially relative to the hollow slidable shaft 19, but can each perform independent free pivoting movements. The locking ring gear 13 is arranged on a housing or a fixed component of the synchromesh.
The first gear, the second gear and the third gear are coaxially arranged, and the front gear 18 can be meshed with the first gear 2 and the second gear 3 simultaneously; the rear gear 20 may be simultaneously engaged with the third gear 4 and the lock ring gear 13, or simultaneously engaged with the third gear 4 and the fourth gear 14.
The locking ring gear 13 is used for locking the third gear 4 from rotating through the rear gear 20 when engaging with the rear gear 20, and as another embodiment, the locking ring gear may be a section of locking rack or other locking member that is locked and matched with the rear gear 20.
As other embodiments, the front gear and the rear gear can also be gear sets, and the gear sets comprise two gears which are coaxially arranged and have the same radius and cannot respectively and independently rotate.
As other embodiments, the front gear and the rear gear may be disposed on the fixed shaft without a slidable hollow shaft, and the front gear and the rear gear only need to be disposed on the fixed shaft with a fixed distance and slidable.
The non-rotation of the slidable hollow shaft 19 about the axis with respect to the fixed shaft 17 is achieved by means of splines and keyways provided on the slidable hollow shaft 19 and the fixed shaft 17 in mating relationship with each other. Through the spline on the hollow shaft and the key groove matched with the spline on the fixed shaft in a guiding way, the hollow shaft is only allowed to move in the axial direction of the fixed shaft, so that the hollow shaft is prevented from rotating on the fixed shaft in the idle mode to cause abrasion and further cause energy waste.
A hybrid system as shown in fig. 1, comprising: 1. an engine; 2. a first gear; 3. a second gear; 4. a third gear; 5. a sun gear; 6. a planetary gear; 7. a planet carrier; 8. a planet row gear ring; 9. a drive shaft; 10. a drive motor; 11. a gearbox; 12. a gear shift locking mechanism; 13. locking the gear ring; 14. a fourth gear; 15. a generator; 16. a rear axle. The first gear 2 at the output end of the engine 1 is arranged on an engine transmission shaft, the first gear 2 can be connected with the second gear 3 through a front gear 18 of a gear shifting locking mechanism, and the second gear 3 is arranged on a planet carrier transmission shaft connected with a planet carrier; the third gear 4 is connected with the sun gear 5 of the planet row through a transmission shaft, the third gear 4 and the fourth gear 14 can be connected through a gear shifting locking mechanism rear gear 20, the third gear 4 can also be locked on the locking gear ring 13 through the gear shifting locking mechanism rear gear 20, and the fourth gear 14 is arranged on the transmission shaft connected with the main shaft of the generator 15; one end of the driving shaft 9 is connected with the planet row gear ring 8, the other end of the driving shaft is connected with a rear axle 16, and the rear axle 16 is a driving axle of a vehicle; the planet gear 6 is simultaneously meshed with the internal teeth of the planet row gear ring 8 and the sun gear; the carrier 7 is provided on the planetary gear 6. The driving motor 10 is in driving connection with the outer teeth of the planet row ring gear 8 through the gearbox 11. The form of the gearbox and the corresponding working principle are well-known in the art, and the embodiment and the corresponding drawings are not described or shown in detail. In addition, the gearbox 11 is used for cutting off the power transmission of the driving motor 10 and providing a plurality of driving speed ratios for the driving motor 10, and as other embodiments, a clutch can be used for connecting the driving motor 10 and the planet row ring gear 8 instead of the gearbox 11, so that only the power breaking is realized; it is also possible to dispense with the gearbox 11 and to drive the vehicle by the drive motor 10 directly via the planet carrier 8 and the drive shaft 9.
The operating principle of the locking mechanism for the synchronous shift according to the present invention is that as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the position of the slidable hollow shaft 19 of the shift locking mechanism 12 is adjustable in the axial direction of the fixed shaft 17, i.e., left and right in the drawing, the front gear 18 and the rear gear 20 are connected to the slidable hollow shaft 19 through bearings, are fixed relative to the slidable hollow shaft 19, but move left and right with the slidable hollow shaft 19 and rotate independently of each other, when the slidable hollow shaft 19 of the shift locking mechanism 12, the front gear 18 and the rear gear 20 are at the position ①, the front gear 18 is simultaneously engaged with the first gear 2 and the second gear 3, thereby achieving the gear transmission connection of the first gear 2 and the second gear 3, i.e., the engine 1 and the carrier 7, while the rear gear 20 is simultaneously engaged with the third gear 4 and the lock ring gear 13, the third gear 4 is locked to the lock ring gear 13, i.e., the sun gear 5 of the planetary row is locked, while the generator 15 is disconnected from the slidable hollow shaft 19 and the front gear 18 and the rear gear 20 are simultaneously engaged with the third gear 18 and the fourth gear 14, while the third gear 18 and the fourth gear 14 are still connected to the engine 2, while the third gear 18 and the fourth gear 14 are disengaged, the third gear 18 and the fourth gear 20 are still connected to the third gear 9, the fourth gear 9, while the fourth gear 19 and the third gear 19 and the fourth gear 19 are still being able to achieve the gear 3614, while the gear 14, the gear 14 and the gear 14 are disengaged while the gear 14, the gear 14 and the gear 14 are still being disengaged while the gear 19 and the gear 14 are still being disengaged while the gear 14 are connected to the gear 19 and the gear 19 are connected to the gear 19 to enable the gear 19.
The positions, sizes and other parameters of the slidable hollow shaft 19, the front gear 18 and the rear gear 20 in the first gear 2, the second gear 3, the third gear 4, the locking ring gear 13 and the fourth gear 14 and the synchronous gear shift locking mechanism 12 are required to meet and realize the working principle at the positions ①, ② and ③, the middle part of the slidable hollow shaft 19 is connected with a shifting fork, and the shifting fork is driven by a gear shift motor to realize the axial movement of the slidable hollow shaft 19, the front gear 18 and the rear gear 20 along the fixed shaft 17 and can stop being fixedly operated at the positions ①, ② and ③.
The specific working modes comprise:
in the pure electric working mode, power is provided by the driving motor 10, when working components (including the slidable hollow shaft 19 and the front gear 18 and the rear gear 20 which are installed on the slidable hollow shaft, the same applies below) of the synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism 12 are at a position ③, the engine 1 and the generator 15 are disconnected with the planet row, the driving motor 10 directly drives downstream power devices such as the driving shaft 9 and the rear axle 16 through the planet row gear ring 8, and the sun gear, the planet wheel and the gear ring of the planet row rotate along with each other, so that pure electric driving of the motor is realized.
In the hybrid power mode, power is provided by the engine 1 and the driving motor 10 together, the generator is powered by the engine 1 to generate power, at the moment, the working component of the gear shift locking mechanism 12 is located at the position ②, the engine 1 is connected with the planet carrier 7 of the planet row, the generator 15 is connected with the sun gear 5 of the planet row, the engine 1 and the driving motor 10 output power through the planet row, and therefore hybrid power driving is achieved, meanwhile, the generator 15 obtains power input through the sun gear 5 of the planet row, and functions of power generation or kinetic energy recovery and the like can be achieved.
In the engine direct-drive mode, in the engine 1 direct-drive working mode, the driving force is provided by the engine 1, the gear shift locking mechanism 12 is at the position of ① at the moment, the engine 1 is connected with the planet carrier 7 of the planet row, the sun gear 5 of the planet row is locked, and the generator 15 is disconnected, if possible, the gearbox 11 connected with the output end of the driving motor 10 can be placed in a neutral position at the moment, so that the driving of the driving motor 10 is prevented from being dragged backwards, and therefore the direct drive of the engine 1 is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) by utilizing the structural form of the gear shifting locking mechanism of the synchronizer, the problem of energy loss caused by the rotation of the engine in a pure electric mode in the prior art is solved.
(2) Utilize the structural style of synchronous ware locking mechanism that shifts, avoided among the prior art because of using wet clutch can cause the problem of dragging and frictional energy loss.
(3) By utilizing the structural form of the synchronizer gear shifting locking mechanism, the coordinated control of the power connection and interruption of the engine and the generator is realized, and the locking mechanism is simplified.
The vehicle of the present invention employs the hybrid system of the present invention, which has been described above in detail and will not be described herein again.
Claims (10)
1. A hybrid power system is characterized by comprising an engine, a planetary gear set, a driving motor, a generator and a synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism, the synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism comprises a shell, a fixed shaft parallel to the shaft of the first gear, a first transmission part, a second transmission part and a locking piece, wherein the first transmission part, the second transmission part and the locking piece are arranged on the fixed shaft and can rotate and move around the fixed shaft, and the locking piece is configured for the second transmission part; the first transmission part and the second transmission part are gears or gear sets linked along a fixed shaft, a first position, a second position and a third position are arranged on the fixed shaft, when the first transmission part is located at the first position, the first gear and the second gear are in transmission joint through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is respectively meshed with the third gear and the locking piece; when the first gear is in the first position, the first gear is in transmission joint with the second gear through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is meshed with the third gear and the fourth gear simultaneously; in the third position, at least one of the first and second gears is axially offset from the first drive portion, and the second drive portion is axially offset from at least one of the third and fourth gears.
2. The hybrid powertrain system of claim 1, wherein the first and second transmission portions are each rotatably mounted on a hollow shaft, the fixed shaft being mounted through the hollow shaft.
3. A hybrid system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first transmission part is a front gear on a side of the fixed shaft adjacent to the first gear, and the second transmission part is a rear gear on a side of the fixed shaft adjacent to the fourth gear.
4. The hybrid system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lock member is a lock ring gear.
5. A synchronous gear shifting mechanism is characterized by comprising a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear and a synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism, wherein the first gear, the second gear and the third gear are coaxially arranged, the fourth gear is arranged on one side of the third gear in the radial direction, the synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism is configured among the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear, the synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism comprises a shell, a fixed shaft parallel to the shaft of the first gear, a first transmission part, a second transmission part and a locking piece, the first transmission part, the second transmission part and the locking piece are mounted on the fixed shaft and can rotate and move around the fixed shaft, and the locking piece is configured for the second; the first transmission part and the second transmission part are gears or gear sets linked along a fixed shaft, a first position, a second position and a third position are arranged on the fixed shaft, when the first transmission part is located at the first position, the first gear and the second gear are in transmission joint through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is respectively meshed with the third gear and the locking piece; when the first gear is in the first position, the first gear is in transmission joint with the second gear through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is meshed with the third gear and the fourth gear simultaneously; in the third position, at least one of the first and second gears is axially offset from the first drive portion, and the second drive portion is axially offset from at least one of the third and fourth gears.
6. The synchrotilt mechanism of claim 5, wherein said first and second transmission portions are each rotatably mounted on a hollow shaft, through which said fixed shaft is mounted.
7. The synchrotilt mechanism of claim 5 or 6, wherein the first transmission portion is a front gear on a side of the stationary shaft adjacent the first gear, and the second transmission portion is a rear gear on a side of the stationary shaft adjacent the fourth gear.
8. The synchrotilt mechanism of claim 5 or 6, wherein the lock member is a lock ring gear.
9. A vehicle is characterized by comprising an engine, a planetary row, a driving motor, a generator and a synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism, wherein the engine is connected with a first gear for receiving power of the engine, a planetary frame of the planetary row is coaxially connected with a second gear, a third gear is installed on a sun gear, a gear ring of the planetary row is in transmission connection with the driving motor through a gearbox, the generator is provided with a fourth gear, the fourth gear is positioned on one side in the radial direction of the third gear, the first gear, the second gear and the third gear are coaxially arranged, the synchronous gear shifting locking mechanism is arranged among the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear, and comprises a shell, a fixed shaft parallel to the shaft of the first gear, a first transmission part, a second transmission part and a locking piece, wherein the first transmission part, the second transmission part and the locking piece are arranged on the fixed shaft, can rotate and move around the fixed shaft, and; the first transmission part and the second transmission part are gears or gear sets linked along a fixed shaft, a first position, a second position and a third position are arranged on the fixed shaft, when the first transmission part is located at the first position, the first gear and the second gear are in transmission joint through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is respectively meshed with the third gear and the locking piece; when the first gear is in the first position, the first gear is in transmission joint with the second gear through the first transmission part, and the second transmission part is meshed with the third gear and the fourth gear simultaneously; in the third position, at least one of the first and second gears is axially offset from the first drive portion, and the second drive portion is axially offset from at least one of the third and fourth gears.
10. The vehicle of claim 9, characterized in that the first transmission part and the second transmission part are each rotatably mounted on a hollow shaft, via which the shaft is mounted on the stationary shaft.
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| CN201811556934.8A CN111332117B (en) | 2018-12-19 | 2018-12-19 | Hybrid power system, synchronous gear shifting mechanism and vehicle |
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| CN111332117B (en) | 2023-11-10 |
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