CN111331961A - 一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法，该组合构件的主要特点是，构件内部中心为直径不小于70mm的圆环形钢筒，紧贴圆环形钢筒的为厚度不小于50mm的缠绕竹纤维秸秆层，紧贴缠绕竹纤维秸秆层的为横向或斜向缠绕的厚度不小于5mm的芳纶纤维层，紧贴芳纶纤维层的为壁厚不小于20mm的纤维石膏层，紧贴纤维石膏层的为厚度不小于10mm的FRP竹纤维复合层，最外层为防水层，圆环形钢筒内部为再生无害固体废弃物。本发明充分发挥各类材料有点，将再生材料利用起来形成新的构件，拓展了新的利用途径。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法，属于土木工程技术领域。
背景技术
当今建筑学界一个重要的课题是建筑和生态环境的问题，“绿色建筑”、“生态建筑”等概念应运而生，而我国在工业化、城镇化和新农村建设快速发展的大环境下，提出了深入推进建筑节能，加快发展绿色建筑的号召，所以现代竹木结构绿色建筑工业化已成为国家可持续发展的重大需求。
我国盛产竹子，且拥有量和品质均居世界首位，竹子可再生、可降解，一般3-5年即可成材，竹材的抗拉强度约为木材的2倍，抗压强度约为木材的1.5倍，竹材的比强度高于普通木材、结构用钢材、铝合金、混凝土等，竹材具有较好的弹性和韧性，变形能力强，以竹材及其与其他材料组成的复合材料代替混凝土、钢材或粘土砖等建造房屋，符合国家的绿色发展理念。
随着国家转变经济发展方式进程的加快，发展低碳经济作为国家的快速推进，对天然林和人工育林的保护政策将愈加严厉，木材的供给量和结构构件对其需求量之间的矛盾将愈加突出，以木材为原料的结构构件的发展空间将大大压缩，而生物质材料构件的推出，为有效的保护森林资源提供了方向。
国家经济的快速发展，也带来了大量的固体废弃物，开发和利用固体废弃物是未来发展的一个方向。
随着我国木质构件行业的高速发展，木材原料的供应不足越来越成为制约我国木质构件发展的一个主要因素。寻求木材的替代材料成为我国木质构件发展急需解决的问题。而应用具有质优价廉，环保、低污染，可循环利用等特性的生物质材料组合构件来代替木材原料必然有广阔的市场空间。
发明内容
本发明目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法，该组合构件的主要特点是，所述组合构件从里到外由再生无害固体废弃物(7)、圆环形钢筒(6)、缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)、芳纶纤维层(4)、纤维石膏层(3)、FRP竹纤维复合层(2)和防水层(1)组成；所述再生无害固体废弃物(7)充满直径不小于70mm的圆环形钢筒(6)内部，紧贴圆环形钢筒(6)的为厚度不小于30mm的缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)，紧贴缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)的为横向和同试件轴向成45°斜向混合缠绕的厚度不小于5mm的芳纶纤维层(4)，紧贴芳纶纤维层(4)的为壁厚不小于20mm的纤维石膏层(3)，紧贴纤维石膏层(3)的为厚度不小于10mm、里层横向FRP、外层纵向竹纤维交错缠绕的FRP竹纤维复合层(2)，最外层为防水层(1)。
所述纤维石膏层(3)由长度10mm左右的竹纤维、麻纤维等各类植物纤维中的一种或多种同石膏混合形成，纤维石膏层(3)也可以用软木或其他材料替代。
所述芳纶纤维层(4)也可以用碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、玻璃纤维、高强植物纤维(如竹纤维层、麻绳纤维层等)等中的一种或多种纤维替代。
所述缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)由长度不小于5mm的竹纤维同秸秆混合压制成板材，再刨切成竹纤维秸秆单板皮，然后缠绕形成竹纤维秸秆层；竹纤维秸秆层(5)也可以用竹皮、木皮中的一种或多种缠绕而成；竹纤维秸秆层(5)的秸秆可以是麦秆、稻草、玉米秆、高粱秆、豆秆、辣椒秆、油菜秆、亚麻秆、芦苇秆、棉秆和/或废弃的木材及其碎屑中的一种或多种组合而成。
所述圆环形钢筒(6)也可以由天然生原竹筒经旋切机旋切表层，去除竹青及竹节凸出部位，至表面光滑并经防腐处理或变形处理而成的圆形筒，也可以是在高温高湿下挤压而成的倒圆角三角形、倒圆角矩形、倒圆角多边形等筒状物，还可以被圆形或多边形的缠绕生物质管、PVC管、FRP管、金属管替代；圆环形钢筒(6)内部既可以被再生无害固体废弃物(7)填充，也可以为空心，形成空心构件。
所述再生无害固体废弃物(7)由主要是由各类工程废弃的无害边角料或建筑垃圾进行二次粉碎，再拌和胶合物形成的内部填充物，这些填充物也可以采用竹、木、麦秆、稻草、玉米秆、高粱秆、豆秆、辣椒秆、油菜秆、亚麻秆、芦苇秆、棉秆和/或废弃的木材及其碎屑、混凝土、泥土、砂浆、石膏、石灰、各种建筑垃圾粉碎物等中的一种或多种材料混合填充。
附图说明
图1是一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件一种实施例的示意图。
图中：1为防水层；2为FRP竹纤维复合层；3为纤维石膏层；4为芳纶纤维层；5为缠绕竹纤维秸秆层；6为圆环形钢筒；7为再生无害固体废弃物。
具体实施方式
为了进一步说明本发明，下面结合附图对本发明进行详细地描述，但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
对照附图(图1a)，一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法，该组合构件的主要特点是，所述组合构件从里到外由再生无害固体废弃物(7)、圆环形钢筒(6)、缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)、芳纶纤维层(4)、纤维石膏层(3)、FRP竹纤维复合层(2)和防水层(1)组成；所述再生无害固体废弃物(7)充满直径不小于70mm的圆环形钢筒(6)内部，紧贴圆环形钢筒(6)的为厚度不小于30mm的缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)，紧贴缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)的为横向和同试件轴向成45°斜向混合缠绕的厚度不小于5mm的芳纶纤维层(4)，紧贴芳纶纤维层(4)的为壁厚不小于20mm的纤维石膏层(3)，紧贴纤维石膏层(3)的为厚度不小于10mm、里层横向FRP、外层纵向竹纤维交错缠绕的FRP竹纤维复合层(2)，最外层为防水层(1)。
所述缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)由长度不小于5mm的竹纤维同秸秆混合压制成板材，再刨切成竹纤维秸秆单板皮，然后缠绕形成竹纤维秸秆层；竹纤维秸秆层(5)也可以用竹皮、木皮中的一种或多种缠绕而成；竹纤维秸秆层(5)的秸秆可以是麦秆、稻草、玉米秆、高粱秆、豆秆、辣椒秆、油菜秆、亚麻秆、芦苇秆、棉秆和/或废弃的木材及其碎屑中的一种或多种组合而成。
所述芳纶纤维层(4)也可以用碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、玻璃纤维、高强植物纤维(如竹纤维层、麻绳纤维层等)等中的一种或多种纤维替代。
所述缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)由长度不小于5mm的竹纤维同秸秆混合压制成板材，再刨切成竹纤维秸秆单板皮，然后缠绕形成竹纤维秸秆层；竹纤维秸秆层(5)也可以用竹皮、木皮中的一种或多种缠绕而成。
所述圆环形钢筒(6)也可以由天然生原竹筒经旋切机旋切表层，去除竹青及竹节凸出部位，至表面光滑并经防腐处理或变形处理而成的圆形筒，也可以是在高温高湿下挤压而成的倒圆角三角形、倒圆角矩形、倒圆角多边形等筒状物，还可以被圆形或多边形的缠绕生物质管、PVC管、FRP管、金属管替代；圆环形钢筒(6)内部既可以被再生无害固体废弃物(7)填充，也可以为空心，形成空心构件(图1b)。
所述再生无害固体废弃物(7)由主要是由各类工程废弃的无害边角料或建筑垃圾进行二次粉碎，再拌和胶合物形成的内部填充物，这些填充物也可以采用竹、木、麦秆、稻草、玉米秆、高粱秆、豆秆、辣椒秆、油菜秆、亚麻秆、芦苇秆、棉秆和/或废弃的木材及其碎屑、混凝土、泥土、砂浆、石膏、石灰、各种建筑垃圾粉碎物等中的一种或多种材料混合填充。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.本发明涉及一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法，该组合构件的主要特点是，所述组合构件从里到外由再生无害固体废弃物(7)、圆环形钢筒(6)、缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)、芳纶纤维层(4)、纤维石膏层(3)、FRP竹纤维复合层(2)和防水层(1)组成；所述再生无害固体废弃物(7)充满直径不小于70mm的圆环形钢筒(6)内部，紧贴圆环形钢筒(6)的为厚度不小于30mm的缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)，紧贴缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)的为横向和同试件轴向成45°斜向混合缠绕的厚度不小于5mm的芳纶纤维层(4)，紧贴芳纶纤维层(4)的为壁厚不小于20mm的纤维石膏层(3)，紧贴纤维石膏层(3)的为厚度不小于10mm、里层横向FRP、外层纵向竹纤维交错缠绕的FRP竹纤维复合层(2)，最外层为防水层(1)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法，其特征在于：所述纤维石膏层(3)由长度10mm左右的竹纤维、麻纤维等各类植物纤维中的一种或多种同石膏混合形成，纤维石膏层(3)也可以用软木或其他耐火材料替代。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法，其特征在于：所述芳纶纤维层(4)也可以用碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、玻璃纤维、高强植物纤维(如竹纤维层、麻绳纤维层等)等中的一种或多种纤维替代。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法，其特征在于：所述缠绕竹纤维秸秆层(5)由长度不小于5mm的竹纤维同秸秆混合压制成板材，再刨切成竹纤维秸秆单板皮，然后缠绕形成竹纤维秸秆层；竹纤维秸秆层(5)也可以用竹皮、木皮中的一种或多种缠绕而成；竹纤维秸秆层(5)的秸秆可以是麦秆、稻草、玉米秆、高粱秆、豆秆、辣椒秆、油菜秆、亚麻秆、芦苇秆、棉秆和/或废弃的木材及其碎屑中的一种或多种组合而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法，其特征在于：所述圆环形钢筒(6)也可以由天然生原竹筒经旋切机旋切表层，去除竹青及竹节凸出部位，至表面光滑并经防腐处理或变形处理而成的圆形筒，也可以是在高温高湿下挤压而成的倒圆角多边形筒等，还可以被圆形或多边形的缠绕生物质管、PVC管、FRP管、金属管替代；圆环形钢筒(6)内部既可以被再生无害固体废弃物(7)填充，也可以为空心，形成空心构件。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种环形钢筒再生物质组合构件及制备方法，其特征在于：所述再生无害固体废弃物(7)由主要是由各类工程废弃的无害边角料或建筑垃圾进行二次粉碎，再拌和胶合物形成的内部填充物，这些填充物也可以采用竹、木、麦秆、稻草、玉米秆、高粱秆、豆秆、辣椒秆、油菜秆、亚麻秆、芦苇秆、棉秆和/或废弃的木材及其碎屑、混凝土、泥土、砂浆、石膏、石灰、各种建筑垃圾粉碎物等中的一种或多种材料混合填充。
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