CN111331258A - Welding method - Google Patents
Welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111331258A CN111331258A CN201811540753.6A CN201811540753A CN111331258A CN 111331258 A CN111331258 A CN 111331258A CN 201811540753 A CN201811540753 A CN 201811540753A CN 111331258 A CN111331258 A CN 111331258A
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- laser beam
- welding
- spot
- preheating
- welding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
Abstract
The invention discloses a welding method, which comprises the following steps: a first laser beam and a second laser beam having a lower energy density than the first laser beam; the method comprises the following steps: placing welding materials between gaps needing to be welded; the first laser beam irradiates the welding material under the protection of inert gas and moves along the welding material, the second laser beam irradiates the welding material under the protection of inert gas and moves along the welding material, and the light spot of the first laser beam moves along the welding material along with the light spot of the second laser beam. In the welding method of the technology, the preheating process adopts welding laser with energy density lower than that of main welding laser, and the preheating and the welding are realized by adopting laser, so that the design is simple, the additional design of preheating equipment is not needed, and the cost is low; and after the welding process is followed by the preheating process, the process continuity of welding work preheating and welding is good, and the welding efficiency is high. In addition, the degree of preheating can be adjusted by adjusting the energy density of the second laser beam.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to a battery manufacturing process, in particular to a welding method for battery sealing.
[ background of the invention ]
In the welding process, the welding preheating process can improve the quality of the welded seam and the mechanical property of the welded part, and can obtain better welding products, especially welding in occasions with higher requirements. However, in the welding preheating process, the welding is often completed by a special preheating device or a preheating device, for example, the chinese patent: 201810852564.6, 201721219956.6, etc., all mention the structural principle of the over-welding preheating device.
The welding method adopting the special preheating device is high in cost on one hand, and is not beneficial to the continuity of the welding process on the other hand, so that the welding efficiency is influenced.
[ summary of the invention ]
In summary, the present invention provides a welding method to solve at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the existing welding process.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a welding method, including: a first laser beam and a second laser beam having a lower energy density than the first laser beam; the method comprises the following steps:
a. placing welding materials between gaps needing to be welded;
b. the first laser beam welds the welding material under the protection of inert gas and moves along the welding material, the second laser beam welds the welding material under the protection of inert gas and moves along the welding material, and the light spot of the first laser beam moves along the welding material along with the light spot of the second laser beam.
Further, the spot outer diameter of the second laser beam is larger than the spot outer diameter of the first laser beam, and the spot of the first laser beam falls within the spot of the second laser beam in the process of moving along with the spot of the second laser beam.
Further, the spot of the first laser beam coincides with the spot center of the second laser beam.
Further, the first laser beam is vibrated simultaneously while moving in the welding material direction.
Further, the vibration track is one of a circular track, a splayed track or a linear track.
Further, the wavelength of the first laser beam is 1070nm, and the power of the first laser beam is 800 w; the second laser beam had a wavelength of 915nm and a power of 950 w.
Further, the first laser beam is a fiber laser beam, and the second laser beam is a semiconductor laser beam. The semiconductor laser has larger facula and lower energy density, and can not reach the deep fusion welding threshold, so the fiber laser is more suitable for preheating and slow cooling, and the fiber laser has higher energy density, can reach the deep fusion welding threshold, so the fiber laser is more suitable for bearing the welding function.
Further, the gap exists in the aluminum alloy material.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the welding preheating method in the prior art, in the welding method, the preheating process is undertaken by the laser with the energy density lower than that of the laser used for the real welding function, and the preheating and the welding are realized by the laser, so that the design is simple, the additional design of preheating equipment is not needed, and the cost is lower; and after the welding process is followed by the preheating process, the process continuity of welding work preheating and welding is good, and the welding efficiency is high. In addition, the degree of preheating can be adjusted by adjusting the energy density of the second laser beam.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a welding process according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a welding process according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the welding method of fig. 2.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The following examples are further illustrative and supplementary to the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way.
As shown in fig. 1, a welding method includes: a first laser beam and a second laser beam having a lower energy density than the first laser beam; the method comprises the following steps:
a. placing welding materials between gaps needing to be welded;
b. the first laser beam irradiates the welding material under the protection of inert gas and moves along the welding material (direction V in the figure), the second laser beam irradiates the welding material under the protection of inert gas and moves along the welding material, and the light spot of the first laser beam moves along the welding material along with the light spot of the second laser beam.
The light spot of the first laser beam moves along the welding material along with the light spot of the second laser beam, so that the light spot of the first laser beam can be not overlapped with the light spot of the second laser beam, the light spot of the first laser beam can also be overlapped with the light spot of the second laser beam, and the same point is that when the welding material passes through any point (part) of the welding material, the light spot (edge) of the second laser beam always arrives first, and then the light spot (edge) of the first laser beam arrives again, so that the preheating purpose before welding is achieved. As the inert gas, nitrogen gas may be used, and the flow rate of the shielding gas may be 15L/min. The moving speed (welding speed) may be 20mm/s to 100mm/s, preferably 40 mm/s. The amount of the welding material can be determined according to the actual gap size and the experience requirement, and only the welding condition is required to be met finally. The specific working principle is as follows:
the first laser beam is used as a beam for melting the welding material to perform the welding function, the second laser beam is used as a preheated laser beam, and the energy density of the second laser beam is lower than that of the first laser beam, and since the energy density is used as the preheating function, it can be understood that: the energy density of the second laser beam is less than the energy density required for melting the welding material, and the energy density of the second laser beam is determined or adjusted according to the selected welding material and the required preheating degree.
During operation, as shown in fig. 1, two laser beams move along the welding material direction, the direction is set as V, the light spot of the second laser beam firstly irradiates a part (a point a is taken for convenience of explanation in the figure) to be welded on the welding seam for preheating, and then the first laser beam follows the second laser beam, so that the light spot of the first laser beam melts the preheated part a to realize the welding function.
Compared with the traditional welding preheating method (the traditional welding preheating method adopts special preheating equipment or device, even electrifying or preheating by fire), the preheating process in the welding method of the technology adopts welding laser with lower energy density than the main welding laser, and the preheating and the welding are realized by laser, so the design is simple, the additional design of the preheating equipment is not needed, and the cost is low; and after the welding process is followed by the preheating process, the process continuity of welding work preheating and welding is good, and the welding efficiency is high. In addition, the degree of preheating can be adjusted by adjusting the energy density of the second laser beam.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the spot outer diameter of the second laser beam is larger than the spot outer diameter of the first laser beam, and the spot of the first laser beam falls within the spot of the second laser beam during the process that the spot of the first laser beam moves along with the spot of the second laser beam. The spot of the first laser beam and the spot center of the second laser beam may also coincide.
The spot of the first laser beam used for melting the welding material is surrounded by the spot of the second laser beam used for preheating, namely two spots are completely overlapped or are superposed at the center, and the two spots jointly move along the welding material (the moving speed of the two spots can be made to be the same, namely the two spots are relatively static), and the position-diagram of the figure 3 is shown; taking a certain point (part) on the welding material for example, a point A is set here;
as shown in the second position of fig. 3, the edge of the spot with the large outer diameter (the spot of the second laser beam) reaches point a first, point a enters the spot area of the second laser beam but does not enter the spot area of the first laser beam, and point a is preheated by the irradiation of the spot of the second laser beam;
as shown in the third position of fig. 3, the two laser spots continue to move along the welding material direction, i.e., the V direction, the first laser beam (the laser spot with a small outer diameter) reaches the point a, the point a is irradiated, the temperature of the point a is high, and the welding material at the point a is melted to achieve the purpose of welding;
as shown in the fourth position of fig. 3, the two light spots continue to move along the V direction, which is the welding material direction, and the point a leaves the light spot (light spot with small outer diameter) area of the first laser beam and enters the light spot area of the second laser beam, at this time, the point a with high temperature enters the preheating zone with low temperature, so that the cooling of the point a can be delayed, and the temperature can be prevented from dropping sharply, and stress or deformation can be caused.
As shown in position five of fig. 3, the two laser spots continue to move in the direction of the welding material, i.e., in the direction of V, and point a leaves the spot area of the second laser beam and enters the air to be naturally cooled.
Therefore, the temperature of the point A is naturally cooled in the air along with the movement of the light beam after passing through the light spot area of the second laser beam, namely, the welding point (part) is transited by the light spot area of the second laser beam, so that the slow cooling effect is achieved, the welding point is prevented from being suddenly cooled, the welding stress and strain are reduced, and the welding quality is improved. In order to explain the above, only a certain point of the welding material is taken, and in fact, as long as two beams of light pass through the welding material, the preheating, welding, delayed cooling and air cooling processes sequentially occur at each point of the welding material.
More preferably, the first laser beam is vibrated simultaneously while moving in the direction of the welding material. The vibration track is in a circular shape, a splayed shape or a linear shape.
The vibration is actually a kind of vibration, i.e., energy vibration, and the vibration has various types of tracks, and may be circular, splayed, or linear. Can increase the tolerance of weldment clearance and can also reduce weld joint blowholes.
Further, the first laser beam has a wavelength of 1070nm, a power of 800w, a vibration amplitude of 0 to 2mm, preferably 0.5mm, and a vibration frequency of 0 to 1000Hz, preferably 150 Hz. The wavelength of the second laser beam is 915nm, the power is 950w, the welded appearance is smooth and flat, the air holes of the welding line are fewer, and the strength of the welded joint is improved.
Preferably, the first laser beam is a fiber laser and the second laser beam is a semiconductor laser. The semiconductor laser has larger facula and lower energy density, and can not reach the deep fusion welding threshold, so the fiber laser is more suitable for preheating and slow cooling, and the fiber laser has higher energy density, can reach the deep fusion welding threshold, so the fiber laser is more suitable for bearing the welding function.
More preferably, the gap exists in the aluminum alloy material. The technology is relatively suitable for welding light materials, such as aluminum alloy, and can be applied to welding of high-speed train materials.
While the invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and the above components may be replaced with similar or equivalent elements known to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of welding, comprising: a first laser beam and a second laser beam having a lower energy density than the first laser beam; the method comprises the following steps:
a. placing welding materials between gaps needing to be welded;
b. the first laser beam welds the welding material under the protection of inert gas and moves along the welding material, the second laser beam welds the welding material under the protection of inert gas and moves along the welding material, and the light spot of the first laser beam moves along the welding material along with the light spot of the second laser beam.
2. The welding method according to claim 1, wherein a spot outer diameter of the second laser beam is larger than a spot outer diameter of the first laser beam, and the spot of the first laser beam falls within the spot of the second laser beam in a process of following the spot movement of the second laser beam.
3. Welding method according to claim 2, wherein the spot of the first laser beam coincides with the center of the spot of the second laser beam.
4. The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first laser beam is vibrated simultaneously while moving in the direction of the welding material.
5. The welding method of claim 4, wherein the trajectory of the vibration is one of a circular trajectory, a splayed trajectory, or a straight trajectory.
6. Welding method according to claim 4, characterized in that the first laser beam has a vibration frequency in the range 0-1000HZ and a vibration amplitude of 0-2 mm.
7. A welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said first laser beam has a wavelength of 1070nm, a power of 800w, a vibration frequency of 0-1000 HZ; the second laser beam had a wavelength of 915nm and a power of 950 w.
8. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first laser beam is a fiber laser beam and the second laser beam is a semiconductor laser beam.
9. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the welding material in the gap is an aluminum alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811540753.6A CN111331258A (en) | 2018-12-17 | 2018-12-17 | Welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811540753.6A CN111331258A (en) | 2018-12-17 | 2018-12-17 | Welding method |
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| CN111331258A true CN111331258A (en) | 2020-06-26 |
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| CN201811540753.6A Pending CN111331258A (en) | 2018-12-17 | 2018-12-17 | Welding method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114589401A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-07 | 铭镭激光智能装备（河源）有限公司 | Infrared laser welding method and device |
| CN114762918A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-07-19 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Manufacturing method of high-strength steel laser tailor-welded part |
| CN117564468A (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-02-20 | 东北电力大学 | Pulse laser welding method for metal material sheet with targeting cooperative preheating |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114762918A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-07-19 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Manufacturing method of high-strength steel laser tailor-welded part |
| CN114589401A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-07 | 铭镭激光智能装备（河源）有限公司 | Infrared laser welding method and device |
| CN117564468A (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-02-20 | 东北电力大学 | Pulse laser welding method for metal material sheet with targeting cooperative preheating |
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