CN111331167B

CN111331167B - Hole machining method based on virtual size of reverse side and special drill jig

Info

Publication number: CN111331167B
Application number: CN201911299672.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王丙杰; 刘平; 肖羽丰; 万丹; 邹雪花; 张冬兵; 乐美; 束飞; 拓建峰; 万宇; 李小游; 惠怀龙; 姜超; 李韶晶
Original assignee: Jiangxi Hongdu Aviation Industry Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangxi Hongdu Aviation Industry Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-17
Filing date: 2019-12-17
Publication date: 2021-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-17
Also published as: CN111331167A

Abstract

The invention provides a hole processing method taking a virtual size of a back surface as a reference and a special drill jig. According to the hole machining method, a design reference surface (a slide block position surface) and other characteristics of a hole are machined through a numerical control machine tool, a process reference hole is machined on the reverse side of the same positioning reference, after a patch is cut off, the process reference hole is used as a first reference in the horizontal direction, the sizes of two large holes are used as a second positioning reference, a drilling jig is fixed and drilled in the vertical direction by using the design reference surface as a reference, and meanwhile, in order to avoid over-positioning, a fixed pin contact surface of the second positioning reference adopts a diamond structure; aiming at the method, a special drilling jig is designed, and the special drilling jig consists of a bottom plate (1), a positioning pin (2) with a diamond structure, a drilling template (3) and a positioning pin (4). The designed drill jig and the proposed high-precision hole machining method can effectively ensure the positioning precision of the hole, and the production efficiency can be ensured because the drill jig is selected for final forming.

Description

Hole machining method based on virtual size of reverse side and special drill jig

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a hole machining method taking a virtual size of a reverse side as a reference and a special drill jig.

Background

As a method for machining a high-precision hole part, there are generally the following two methods: firstly, a numerical control machine tool is used and holes are directly formed by depending on the precision of the machine tool, but the method easily causes part deformation, and after a process patch is cut off, the position precision of a part hole can not meet the requirement due to the part deformation; secondly, a process patch is cut off after the part is subjected to finish machining, the hole after numerical control machining is used for positioning, and a drilling template is used for making the hole, but the method can only ensure the position of the hole relative to a reference hole, cannot correspond to the design reference size, and has an out-of-tolerance imagination in the actual use process.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a hole machining method and a special drill jig by taking the virtual size of the reverse side as a reference, which are suitable for hole making with a reverse reference, so as to ensure the hole position machining precision and improve the machining efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a hole processing method taking the virtual size of the back surface as a reference, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: fixing and positioning the parts by adopting a process patch method, and roughly machining the front, back and side surfaces of the parts by using a numerical control machine;

step 2: correcting the positioning reference after heat treatment, and finely machining the front surface, the back surface and the side surfaces of the part by adopting a numerical control machine tool, wherein the stress after the fine machining cannot be completely released due to the existence of a process patch, so that in order to prevent the part from being scrapped due to deformation after the process patch is cut off, the machining parameters during the fine machining are required to be noticed, only a process reference hole is machined on the back surface, and the rest holes are not machined;

step 3: cutting off the patch, and performing stress relief heat treatment to fully eliminate the processing stress and release stress deformation;

step 4: positioning by using a special drill jig and taking the back surface of the part and the process reference holes as references, inserting the diamond-structure positioning pins into the two second reference positioning hole size holes for fixing, and when the diamond-structure positioning pins cannot be inserted at one time, properly rotating and slowly inserting the diamond-structure positioning pins;

step 5: and drilling by using the designed special drill jig.

The special drill jig designed aiming at the method comprises a positioning pin with a diamond structure, a drill plate, a positioning pin and a bottom plate; the bottom plate is horizontally laid and used for placing and fixing parts to be processed; the two positioning pins with the rhombus structures are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the drill plate and are used for being butted with the two second reference positioning holes of the machined part to fix the machined part; the positioning pin is fixed on the drill plate and used for determining a process reference hole of the machined part.

In the technical scheme, the designed drilling jig and the high-precision hole machining method can effectively guarantee the positioning precision of the holes, the second reference is provided with the two diamond-shaped pins, the second reference can also be used for detecting the deformation of parts, and the drilling jig is selected for final forming, so that the production efficiency can be guaranteed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the drill jig of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a design reference, a process reference hole, a second reference positioning hole and a hole to be made of a machined part according to the present invention.

In FIGS. 1-2: 1. the drilling jig comprises a bottom plate, 2 positioning pins with diamond structures, 3 drilling jig plates, 4 positioning pins.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.

The invention relates to a hole processing method taking the virtual size of the back surface as a reference and a special drill jig. As shown in figure 1, the designed special jig consists of a bottom plate 1, a positioning pin 2 with a diamond structure, a jig plate 3 and a positioning pin 4.

As shown in figure 2, the design reference surface and other characteristics of the numerical control machine tool machining hole are adopted, the process reference hole is machined on the reverse side of the same positioning reference, and the selected process reference hole is in the positive and negative directions of the design reference, so that the reference deviation caused by part deformation in the rough machining and heat treatment processes can be obviously reduced, and the deviation of selecting the size of the second reference positioning hole or other sizes as the drilling positioning reference is reduced. If the numerical control machine tool is directly adopted for machining, in order to ensure the consistency of the size, the hole needs to be drilled under the condition of keeping the process patch, and the final position precision of the hole is influenced by the deformation caused by machining stress after the patch is cut off.

And after the patch is cut off, fixing the drill jig and drilling holes in the horizontal direction by taking the process reference hole as a first reference and taking the two second reference positioning holes with the large hole size as a second positioning reference and taking the design reference surface as a reference in the vertical direction. In order to avoid over-positioning, the contact surface of the fixing pin of the second reference positioning hole with the large hole size adopts a diamond structure.

Claims

1. A hole machining method based on a virtual size of a reverse side is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the hole machining method comprises the following steps:

step 2: correcting the positioning reference after heat treatment, adopting a numerical control machine to finish machining the front surface, the back surface and the side surfaces of the part, wherein the slide block surface of the part is the front surface and contains a design reference, the surface of the part needing to be machined is the back surface and contains process reference holes, attention is paid to machining parameters in finish machining, only the process reference holes are machined in the back surface, and the rest holes are not machined;

step 5: and drilling by using the designed special drill jig.

2. A special jig for realizing the hole processing method based on the virtual size of the reverse surface as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the special drill jig consists of a bottom plate (1), a positioning pin (2) with a diamond structure, a drill plate (3) and a positioning pin (4); the bottom plate (1) is horizontally laid and used for placing and fixing parts to be processed; the two positioning pins (2) with the rhombus structures are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the drill plate (3) and are used for being butted with two second reference positioning holes of the machined part to fix the machined part; and the positioning pin (4) is fixed on the drill plate (3) and used for determining a process reference hole of the processed part.