CN111323321A - Full-automatic microhardness device capable of measuring force-displacement curve - Google Patents
Full-automatic microhardness device capable of measuring force-displacement curve Download PDFInfo
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- CN111323321A CN111323321A CN202010214640.8A CN202010214640A CN111323321A CN 111323321 A CN111323321 A CN 111323321A CN 202010214640 A CN202010214640 A CN 202010214640A CN 111323321 A CN111323321 A CN 111323321A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic microhardness device capable of measuring a force-displacement curve, which comprises an XY direction motion control platform, a Z direction motion control platform, a control system and a fixed force sensor with a hardness head, wherein the Z direction motion control platform is arranged on the XY direction motion control platform, the fixed force sensor with the hardness head is arranged above the Z direction motion control platform, and the control system is respectively connected with the force sensor with the hardness head, the XY direction motion control platform and the Z direction motion control platform. In the process of measuring microhardness, a force-displacement curve is automatically generated, and the F-D curve is analyzed, so that various material performance parameters can be conveniently obtained, and the characterization of the material is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic measurement, in particular to a full-automatic microhardness device capable of measuring a force-displacement curve.
Background
The microhardness measuring system has the main function of measuring microhardness parameters of workpieces and is widely applied to the fields of mechanical manufacturing, chemical engineering, metallurgy, semiconductor technology and the like.
The Vickers microhardness measuring instrument is a hardness measuring instrument which is widely applied at present, and the microVickers hardness is one of Vickers hardness. The vickers hardness can be classified into a vickers hardness test, a small load vickers hardness test, and a micro vickers hardness test according to the magnitude of the test force. The test force range of the micro Vickers hardness is 0.09807-F < 1.961. Because of its low test force, it has many functions and properties that other hardness test methods do not have. The detection method is not only used for the process inspection of products, but also widely applied to the research of material science and engineering. The method becomes one of the most common test methods in the metallography and the metallography. The principle of measuring the micro Vickers hardness is the same as that of measuring the Vickers hardness, namely, a diamond regular quadrangular pyramid pressure head with 136 degrees on two opposite surfaces of the top is pressed into the surface of a sample by using a specified test force, the test force is removed after the specified time is kept, and the length of the diagonal line of the indentation on the surface of the sample is measured.
The calculation formula of the Vickers hardness value is as follows:
HV constant × test force, indentation surface area 0.1891F/D2
HV is the Vickers hardness symbol;
f is the test force in N;
d is the arithmetic mean of the indentation diagonal D1, D2, in mm.
In the existing patent, a full-automatic microhardness measuring system has high automation degree for hardness measurement, can realize full-automatic unmanned operation, and greatly improves the measuring efficiency, measuring precision and stability (for example, patent of full-automatic microhardness measuring system, publication No. CN 101144766A, publication No. 2008.3.19). The nano indenter has an indentation depth of 101-103nm (for example, in patent "a measuring device for displacement and load of indenter of nanoindenter", publication No. CN 105371770, publication No. 2016.3.2), the depth of indentation by instrumental indentation is mostly in the order of millimeters (for example, in patent "a method for calculating depth of indentation pattern of high-precision instrumental indenter and diamond indenter", publication No. CN 102288500a, publication No. 2011.12.21). In summary, there is no automatic hardness measuring instrument for pressing depth of 500nm-50 μm, nor automatic loading of force-displacement curve for outputting measuring process in the prior patentAnd analyzing the force-displacement curve to obtain other special program of mechanical property parameters. The invention carries out extension expansion aiming at the defects in the prior patent, generates a force-displacement curve in the process of full-automatic hardness measurement, obtains other mechanical property parameters of the material, greatly improves the working efficiency and is beneficial to the construction of a material database.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a full-automatic microhardness device capable of measuring a force-displacement curve, which automatically generates the force-displacement curve in the process of measuring microhardness, and is convenient to obtain various material performance parameters by analyzing an F-D curve so as to realize the characterization of materials.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a full-automatic microhardness device capable of measuring a force-displacement curve comprises an XY direction motion control platform, a Z direction motion control platform, a control system and a fixed force sensor with a hardness head, wherein the Z direction motion control platform is arranged on the XY direction motion control platform, the fixed force sensor with the hardness head is arranged above the Z direction motion control platform, and the control system is respectively connected with the force sensor with the hardness head, the XY direction motion control platform and the Z direction motion control platform.
According to the technical scheme, the XY direction motion control platform comprises an X direction motion control platform and a Y direction motion control platform, the X direction motion control platform is arranged on the Y direction motion control platform, and the Z direction motion control platform is arranged on the X direction motion control platform.
According to the technical scheme, the X-direction motion control platform, the Y-direction motion control platform and the Z-direction motion control platform are all connected with stepping motor drivers, and all the stepping motors are connected with a control system.
According to the technical scheme, the force sensor is a fixed force sensor.
According to the technical scheme, the control system comprises a micro numerical control system and a computer, the micro numerical control system is respectively connected with the XY direction motion control platform, and the computer is respectively connected with the Z direction motion control platform, the micro numerical control system and the force sensor.
According to the technical scheme, the computer extracts and integrates the displacement data output by the Z-direction motion control platform and the force data output by the force measurer, and draws a force-displacement curve of the point according to the time consistency of the two sets of data and outputs the curve.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can record Z-direction displacement data of a workpiece and force data generated when the workpiece and a hardness head are extruded in the process of measuring the hardness of a material respectively, the two groups of data are related together by taking time as an axis, the timing starting points of the two groups of data are the same, the data output time intervals are also the same, namely, at the same time point, the displacement and the force values are in one-to-one correspondence, the displacement data is taken as an abscissa, and the force data is taken as an ordinate, so that a force-displacement curve of the material can be obtained. By analyzing the force-displacement curve, and substituting into a programmed program, a variety of parameters of the material can be obtained, including: the elastic modulus, yield strength and the like of the material can also be used for writing a special program aiming at the nonlinear material and outputting data parameters such as viscosity and the like of the material. The process can realize the characterization of the material, and is favorable for establishing a material database.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a fully automated microhardness apparatus capable of measuring force-displacement curves in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a fully automatic microhardness apparatus capable of measuring force-displacement curves in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the moving parts of the fully automatic microhardness apparatus for measuring force-displacement curves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the F-D curve generation software in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the application direction 1 of the F-D curve in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of the F-D curve application direction 2 in the embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, a 1-XY direction motion control platform, a 2-Z direction motion control platform, a 3-step motor driver for controlling the motion of the X direction, a 4-step motor driver for controlling the motion of the Y direction, a 5-step motor driver for controlling the motion of the Z direction, a 6-fixed force sensor with a Vickers hardness head, a 7-micro numerical control system and an 8-computer are arranged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the full-automatic microhardness device capable of measuring a force-displacement curve in one embodiment of the present invention includes an XY direction motion control platform 1, a Z direction motion control platform 2, a control system and a fixed force sensor with a hardness head, wherein the Z direction motion control platform 2 is disposed on the XY direction motion control platform 1, the fixed force sensor with the hardness head is disposed above the Z direction motion control platform 2, and the control system is respectively connected to the force sensor with the hardness head, the XY direction motion control platform 1 and the Z direction motion control platform 2; the Z-direction motion control platform 2 is used for placing a workpiece, the XY-direction motion control platform 1 drives the workpiece to move horizontally and longitudinally in a horizontal direction, a test part for adjusting the workpiece is that the Z-direction motion control platform 2 drives the workpiece to move vertically so that the workpiece is in contact test with a hardness head, a control system detects the hardness of the workpiece through a force sensor and records force data, and controls the XY-direction motion control platform 1 and the Z-direction motion control platform 2 to drive the workpiece to move to corresponding positions and record moving data.
Further, the XY direction motion control platform 1 comprises an X direction motion control platform and a Y direction motion control platform, the X direction motion control platform is arranged on the Y direction motion control platform, and the Z direction motion control platform 2 is arranged on the X direction motion control platform; the X-direction motion control platform drives the workpiece to horizontally move transversely, and the Y-direction motion control platform drives the workpiece to horizontally move longitudinally.
Further, the X-direction motion control platform, the Y-direction motion control platform and the Z-direction motion control platform 2 are all connected with stepping motor drivers, and all the stepping motors are connected with a control system.
Further, the force sensor is a fixed force sensor 6 with a vickers hardness head.
Further, the control system comprises a micro numerical control system 7 and a computer 8, wherein the micro numerical control system 7 is respectively connected with the XY direction motion control platform 1, and the computer 8 is respectively connected with the Z direction motion control platform 2, the micro numerical control system 7 and the force sensor; the computer 8 controls the stepper motor driver through special software to further perform accurate feeding control on the Z-direction motion platform, records the feeding process, outputs and stores the feeding process in the computer 8; the fixed force sensor is connected with the computer 8 through a data transmission line so as to record the output value of the force sensor.
Further, the computer 8 extracts and integrates the displacement data output by the Z-direction motion control platform 2 and the force data output by the force measuring device through a dedicated program, and the force-displacement curve of the point is drawn by using the displacement data as an abscissa and the force data as an ordinate according to the consistency of the two sets of data in terms of time (the timing starting points of the two sets of data are the same, and the time interval of data output is equal), and the data integration program is a dedicated program.
Further, by analyzing the force-displacement curve, other performance parameters of the material can be obtained, including: the elastic modulus, yield strength and the like of the material can also output the viscosity and the like of the material aiming at the nonlinear material, and the written special program is developed by the author of the invention; the authors of the present invention have developed and written a proprietary program by themselves that allows the calculation of a variety of material parameters including, but not limited to, the elastic modulus, yield strength, elasto-plastic deformation ratio, viscosity, stress-strain curve, etc. described above for different materials.
During the measurement of the hardness, by programming the micro-numerical control system 7, the horizontal movement in the direction X, Y is controlled, can realize hardness measurement in measurement areas at different positions of a workpiece, further accurately control the feeding amount of movement in the vertical direction through special software of a computer 8, the displacement data is recorded and output and stored in the computer 8 in the vertical direction movement feeding process, the Z direction movement control platform 2 drives the workpiece to move in the Z direction in the positive direction in the feeding process, the fixed force sensor generates force data in the extrusion process of the workpiece and the hardness head, the data is output and stored in the computer 8, the programmed program of the computer 8 extracts data from the force data file and the displacement data file respectively, because the two sets of data are extracted at the same time point, the data have one-to-one correspondence, and a force-displacement (F-D) curve of the hardness measurement process at the point on the workpiece can be generated.
The above proposed F-D curve can be applied to two aspects:
①, the written special data processing software is brought in by the F-D curve to obtain various mechanical property parameters of the material, the elastic modulus, the yield strength and the like of the material, and special programs can be written aiming at the nonlinear material to output the data parameters of the material, such as the viscosity and the like, thereby realizing the automation of the parameter characterization process of different materials.
② the hardness of different areas of the workpiece can be automatically measured by programming the micro numerical control system 7, and simultaneously, F-D curves of the respective processes can be obtained, and the feasibility of the material after the process treatment can be obtained by analyzing the force-displacement curves of points on different areas (a process treatment area and a non-treatment area) of the workpiece.
In one embodiment of the invention, the embodiment uses A7075 aluminum alloy treated by a laser shock peening process as a workpiece to be measured, and the device-a full-automatic microhardness device capable of measuring a force-displacement curve, provided by the invention, comprises: the device comprises 1X, Y-direction miniature motion control platform, 1Z-direction miniature motion control platform, 1 stepping motor driver 3 for controlling X-direction motion, 1 stepping motor driver 4 for controlling Y-direction motion, 1 stepping motor driver 5 for controlling Z-direction motion, 1 fixed force measurer with a Vickers hardness head, 1 miniature numerical control system 7 and 1 computer 8. By taking the hardness of a measured workpiece in a region which is not subjected to laser shock peening as an initial reference, a force-displacement curve chart of the A7075 aluminum alloy and the hardness thereof can be obtained, and the Young modulus and other mechanical performance parameters can be calculated by analyzing the force-displacement curve through a special program; the full-automatic device can be automatically positioned to the area strengthened by laser shock, the embodiment adopts single-point laser shock, the workpiece is respectively subjected to primary laser shock, secondary laser shock, tertiary laser shock and quaternary laser shock, the hardness change of the material (the hardness of the light spot central area and the hardness of the material at different distances from the central area) at different shock times is measured, tests show that the hardness value is continuously increased along with the increase of the laser shock times at the light spot center, particularly after 4 times of single-point laser shock, the hardness of the material is improved by nearly 30 percent at the light spot center, the hardness value is obviously improved, and the effect of improving the workpiece performance by the laser shock strengthening process is obvious.
In summary, the present invention is a fully automated apparatus based on a durometer-style stage that can generate a force-displacement curve during the measurement of microhardness; the device comprises a force measurer which can assemble and disassemble different hardness heads (the hardness heads can be disassembled and replaced, a Vickers hardness head is taken as an example herein, and can also be replaced by other hardness heads), an X, Y direction micro motion control platform, a Z direction micro motion control platform, a micro numerical control system 7, a stepping motor driver, a power supply and the like. The indentation depth scale range of the hardness meter of the measuring device is between 50nm and 50 mu m and is between the nano indentation and the macroscopic hardness measurement. The method is characterized in that in the process of measuring the hardness of the material, Z-direction displacement data of a workpiece and force data generated when the workpiece and a hardness head are extruded are respectively recorded, two groups of data are related together by taking time as an axis, the timing starting points of the two groups of data are the same, the data output time intervals are also the same, namely, at the same time point, the displacement and the force values are in one-to-one correspondence, the displacement data is taken as an abscissa, and the force data is taken as an ordinate, so that a force-displacement curve of the material can be obtained. By analyzing the force-displacement curve, and substituting into a programmed program, a variety of parameters of the material can be obtained, including: the elastic modulus, yield strength and the like of the material can also be used for writing a special program aiming at the nonlinear material and outputting data parameters such as viscosity and the like of the material. The process can realize the characterization of the material, and is favorable for establishing a material database.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and certainly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and therefore, the present invention is not limited by the scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The full-automatic microhardness device capable of measuring the force-displacement curve is characterized by comprising an XY direction motion control platform, a Z direction motion control platform, a control system and a force sensor with a hardness head, wherein the Z direction motion control platform is arranged on the XY direction motion control platform, the force sensor with the hardness head is arranged above the Z direction motion control platform, and the control system is respectively connected with the force sensor with the hardness head, the XY direction motion control platform and the Z direction motion control platform.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the XY motion control stage comprises an X motion control stage and a Y motion control stage, the X motion control stage is disposed on the Y motion control stage, and the Z motion control stage is disposed on the X motion control stage.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the X-direction motion control stage, the Y-direction motion control stage, and the Z-direction motion control stage are each connected to a stepper motor driver, each stepper motor being connected to a control system.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the force sensor is a stationary force sensor.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control system comprises a micro-numerical control system and a computer, the micro-numerical control system is connected to the XY motion control stage, and the computer is connected to the Z motion control stage, the micro-numerical control system, and the force sensor.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the computer extracts and integrates the displacement data from the Z-direction motion control platform and the force data from the force measuring device, and based on the time consistency between the two sets of data, draws a force-displacement curve at the point and outputs the curve.
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101144766A (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2008-03-19 | 复旦大学 | Full-automatic microhardness measuring system |
| CN201149568Y (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2008-11-12 | 李斌 | Portable apparatus for measuring microhardness |
| CN101876609A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-11-03 | 赵宏伟 | Micron-nano scale in-situ nano indentation and scratching test system |
| CN103266056A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-28 | 江苏瑞祺生命科学仪器有限公司 | Precision micromanipulation platform |
| CN103308405A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-18 | 沈阳天星试验仪器有限公司 | Portable digital display hardness measuring device |
| JP2018091697A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-14 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Microhardness tester |
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2020
- 2020-03-24 CN CN202010214640.8A patent/CN111323321A/en active Pending
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| CN101144766A (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2008-03-19 | 复旦大学 | Full-automatic microhardness measuring system |
| CN201149568Y (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2008-11-12 | 李斌 | Portable apparatus for measuring microhardness |
| CN101876609A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-11-03 | 赵宏伟 | Micron-nano scale in-situ nano indentation and scratching test system |
| CN103308405A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-18 | 沈阳天星试验仪器有限公司 | Portable digital display hardness measuring device |
| CN103266056A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-28 | 江苏瑞祺生命科学仪器有限公司 | Precision micromanipulation platform |
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Application publication date: 20200623 |