CN111320983A - Soil remediation agent, preparation method thereof and soil remediation method - Google Patents
Soil remediation agent, preparation method thereof and soil remediation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111320983A CN111320983A CN201811523618.0A CN201811523618A CN111320983A CN 111320983 A CN111320983 A CN 111320983A CN 201811523618 A CN201811523618 A CN 201811523618A CN 111320983 A CN111320983 A CN 111320983A
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- soil
- soil remediation
- remediation agent
- montmorillonite
- ferrous sulfate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/08—Aluminium compounds, e.g. aluminium hydroxide
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a soil remediation agent, a preparation method thereof and a soil remediation method. The soil remediation agent comprises the following components: 10-45 wt% of calcium polysulfide; 15-45 wt% of ferrous sulfate; 10-20 wt% of montmorillonite; 25-35 wt% of biomass charcoal. The soil remediation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the soil remediation agent with the soil to be treated, and keeping the water content; then standing and maintaining are carried out to finish soil remediation. The soil remediation agent with the component proportion is mixed with soil containing heavy metals, and then reacts with hexavalent chromium in the soil through synergistic effects of adsorption, ion exchange, precipitation and the like, so that the hexavalent chromium forms a stable chemical form, the environmental migration and diffusion of the hexavalent chromium are prevented, and the toxic degree of the hexavalent chromium in the environment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a soil remediation agent, a preparation method thereof and a soil remediation method.
Background
Soil is an important resource for the natural environment and agriculture of human life, and the global grain, resource and environmental problems are closely related to soil. However, with the continuous acceleration of the industrialization, rural intensification and urbanization process in China, the polluted soil area is continuously enlarged, and the problem of soil pollution is increasingly serious.
China is a world large country for chromium salt production, the amount of chromium slag discharged every year is about 35-42 ten thousand tons, and the hexavalent chromium solution continuously seeps out and seriously pollutes soil and underground water due to long-term open-air stacking. Hexavalent chromium is extremely toxic and carcinogenic to human bodies and animals, so that research on a repair technology for chromium-contaminated soil gradually becomes one of the hotspots of the research in China.
At present, for the conventional restoration method of hexavalent chromium polluted soil, little attention is paid to improving soil nutrients. Therefore, the development of a soil remediation method which can remove heavy metal pollutants from soil and improve nutrients is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil remediation agent, a preparation method thereof and a soil remediation method, wherein the soil remediation agent is used for soil remediation and can remove heavy metal pollutants in soil and improve soil nutrients.
The invention provides a soil remediation agent, which comprises the following components:
10-45 wt% of calcium polysulfide;
15-45 wt% of ferrous sulfate;
10 to 20 weight percent of montmorillonite;
25-35 wt% of biomass carbon;
the biomass charcoal is prepared by taking straws and/or manure as raw materials, performing vacuum pyrolysis for 50-60 min at the pyrolysis temperature of 330-350 ℃, and grinding to obtain solid powder with the particle size of below 2 mm.
Preferably, the calcium polysulfide is industrial-grade calcium polysulfide, and the effective content of the calcium polysulfide is more than or equal to 85 wt%.
Preferably, the ferrous sulfate is industrial ferrous sulfate, and the effective content of the ferrous sulfate is more than or equal to 80 wt%.
Preferably, the montmorillonite is industrial montmorillonite, and the effective content of the montmorillonite is more than or equal to 80 wt%.
Preferably, the following components are included:
25-35 wt% of calcium polysulfide;
20-30 wt% of ferrous sulfate;
15 to 18 weight percent of montmorillonite;
27-33 wt% of biomass charcoal.
The invention provides a preparation method of a soil remediation agent, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 10-45 wt% of calcium polysulfide, 15-45 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 10-20 wt% of montmorillonite and 25-35 wt% of biomass carbon to obtain a soil remediation agent;
the biomass charcoal is prepared by taking straws and/or manure as raw materials, performing vacuum pyrolysis for 50-60 min at the pyrolysis temperature of 330-350 ℃, and grinding to obtain solid powder with the particle size of below 2 mm.
The invention provides a soil remediation method, which comprises the following steps:
the soil remediation agent of the technical scheme is uniformly mixed with soil to be treated, and the water content is kept;
then standing and maintaining are carried out to finish soil remediation.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the soil remediation agent to the soil to be treated is 1-10: 100.
Preferably, during maintenance, the water content of the soil is 5-15%.
Preferably, the curing time is 3-7 days.
Compared with the prior art, the soil remediation agent comprises the following components: 10-45 wt% of calcium polysulfide; 15-45 wt% of ferrous sulfate; 10-20 wt% of montmorillonite; 25-35 wt% of biomass charcoal. After the soil remediation agent with the component proportion is mixed with the soil containing heavy metals, the soil remediation agent reacts with hexavalent chromium in the soil through synergistic effects of adsorption, ion exchange, precipitation and the like, so that the hexavalent chromium forms a stable chemical form, the environmental migration and diffusion of the hexavalent chromium are prevented, and the toxic degree of the hexavalent chromium in the environment is reduced. In addition, the biomass charcoal is prepared from straws, is wide in source and is easy to obtain. The carbonized rice straws are used for soil remediation, so that the problem of air pollution caused by rice straw burning can be reduced, and energy conservation and emission reduction are realized.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the following examples, but it will be understood that the description is intended to illustrate the features and advantages of the invention further, and not to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a soil remediation agent, which comprises the following components:
10-45 wt% of calcium polysulfide;
15-45 wt% of ferrous sulfate;
10 to 20 weight percent of montmorillonite;
25-35 wt% of biomass carbon;
the biomass charcoal is prepared by taking straws and/or manure as raw materials, performing vacuum pyrolysis for 50-60 min at the pyrolysis temperature of 330-350 ℃, and grinding to obtain solid powder with the particle size of below 2 mm.
The soil repairing agent is suitable for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, and is particularly suitable for repairing hexavalent chromium contaminated soil, wherein the content of hexavalent chromium is lower than 403 mg/kg.
According to the invention, the biomass charcoal comprises four components of calcium polysulfide, ferrous sulfate, montmorillonite and biomass charcoal. The components form a coordination effect, and react with hexavalent chromium in soil through synergistic effects such as adsorption, ion exchange, precipitation and the like, so that the hexavalent chromium forms a stable chemical form, the environmental migration and diffusion of the hexavalent chromium are prevented, and the toxic degree of the hexavalent chromium in the environment is reduced.
In order to save cost, the calcium polysulfide is preferably industrial-grade calcium polysulfide, and the effective content of the calcium polysulfide is more than or equal to 85 wt%. Higher purity calcium polysulfides may also be used.
Preferably, the ferrous sulfate is industrial ferrous sulfate, and the effective content of the ferrous sulfate is more than or equal to 80 wt%.
Preferably, the montmorillonite is industrial montmorillonite, and the effective content of the montmorillonite is more than or equal to 80 wt%.
The biomass charcoal is prepared by taking straws and/or manure as raw materials, performing vacuum pyrolysis for 50-60 min at the pyrolysis temperature of 330-350 ℃, and grinding to obtain solid powder with the particle size of below 2 mm.
The introduction of the biomass charcoal can reduce the content of hexavalent chromium pollutants in the soil, improve the soil structure, increase the soil nutrients and finally achieve the effect of soil remediation. Moreover, the biomass charcoal is prepared from straws or manure, has wide sources and is easy to obtain. The carbonized straw or manure is used for soil remediation, so that the problem of subsequent treatment of the straw and manure is solved, the problem of air pollution caused by straw burning can be reduced, the environmental problem caused by manure stacking can be reduced, and energy conservation and emission reduction are realized.
Preferably, the soil remediation agent comprises the following components:
25-35 wt% of calcium polysulfide;
20-30 wt% of ferrous sulfate;
15 to 18 weight percent of montmorillonite;
27-33 wt% of biomass charcoal.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a preparation method of a soil remediation agent, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 10-45 wt% of calcium polysulfide, 15-45 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 10-20 wt% of montmorillonite and 25-35 wt% of biomass carbon to obtain a soil remediation agent;
the biomass charcoal is prepared by taking straws and/or manure as raw materials, performing vacuum pyrolysis for 50-60 min at the pyrolysis temperature of 330-350 ℃, and grinding to obtain solid powder with the particle size of below 2 mm.
The selection and requirements of the components of the invention have been clearly described in the above technical solutions, and are not described herein again.
The preparation method of the soil remediation agent comprises the step of uniformly mixing various components. Preferably, the polysulfide, the ferrous sulfate and the montmorillonite are all solid powder with the particle size of less than 5 mm. So as to ensure that all components are uniformly mixed and be beneficial to fully contacting with the soil polluted by heavy metal.
The invention also discloses a soil remediation method, which comprises the following steps:
the soil remediation agent of the technical scheme is uniformly mixed with soil to be treated, and the water content is kept;
then standing and maintaining are carried out to finish soil remediation.
According to the invention, in the soil remediation process, the soil to be treated is first crushed to maintain the water content. The soil to be treated can be fully mixed with the soil remediation agent.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the soil remediation agent to the soil to be treated is 1-10: 100.
The water content is kept, so that the soil repairing agent can fully react with the soil to be treated, and the repairing agent can better perform a chemical degradation effect.
Then the soil is repaired after standing and maintenance treatment.
After standing and maintenance treatment, the soil remediation agent fully reacts with the soil to be treated. And finishing the removal of heavy metals and the remediation of soil.
Preferably, during maintenance, the water content of the soil is 5-15%.
Preferably, the curing time is 3-7 days.
Utilize this application soil remediation agent handles heavy metal contaminated soil, and the result shows, the soil remediation agent of this application has the better effect of getting rid of hexavalent chromium, and the stabilization efficiency is big more than 97%, and the restoration back carbon nitrogen ratio reaches between 15 ~ 25 moreover.
For further understanding of the present invention, the soil remediation agent, the preparation method thereof, and the soil remediation method provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
(1) Preparing a soil remediation agent: the method comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum pyrolysis on rice straws serving as a raw material for 60min at the pyrolysis temperature of 350 ℃, and grinding to obtain biomass carbon powder with the particle size of below 2 mm. And (3) uniformly mixing 30 wt% of calcium polysulfide, 25 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 20 wt% of montmorillonite and 25 wt% of biomass charcoal to finish the preparation, thus obtaining the soil remediation agent.
(2) After the heavy metal contaminated soil is destroyed by a crusher, a soil remediation agent accounting for 10% of the soil mass is added and fully mixed with the contaminated soil, a small amount of water is sprayed in the mixing process, so that the water content of the soil is kept at 10%, and the soil is mixed and kept stand for 3 days to finish soil remediation. Through detection, the stabilization efficiency can reach 99 percent, and the requirement of the content of hexavalent chromium in the test soil after restoration is met.
Example 2
(1) Preparing a soil remediation agent: the method comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum pyrolysis on rice straws serving as a raw material for 60min at the pyrolysis temperature of 350 ℃, and grinding to obtain biomass carbon powder with the particle size of below 2 mm. And (3) uniformly mixing 40 wt% of calcium polysulfide, 25 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 15 wt% of montmorillonite and 20 wt% of biomass charcoal to finish the preparation, thus obtaining the soil remediation agent.
(2) After the heavy metal contaminated soil is destroyed by a crusher, a soil remediation agent accounting for 5% of the soil mass is added and fully mixed with the contaminated soil, a small amount of water is sprayed in the mixing process, so that the water content of the soil is kept at 10%, and the soil is mixed and kept still for 4 days to finish soil remediation. Through detection, the stabilization efficiency can reach 97%, and the requirement of the content of hexavalent chromium in the test soil after restoration is met.
Example 3
(1) Preparing a soil remediation agent: the method comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum pyrolysis on rice straws serving as a raw material for 60min at the pyrolysis temperature of 350 ℃, and grinding to obtain biomass carbon powder with the particle size of below 2 mm. And (3) uniformly mixing 35 wt% of calcium polysulfide, 30 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 15 wt% of montmorillonite and 20 wt% of biomass charcoal to finish the preparation, thus obtaining the soil remediation agent.
(2) After the heavy metal contaminated soil is destroyed by a crusher, a soil remediation agent accounting for 10% of the soil mass is added and fully mixed with the contaminated soil, a small amount of water is sprayed in the mixing process, so that the water content of the soil is kept at 10%, and the soil is mixed and kept stand for 5 days to finish soil remediation. Through detection, the stabilization efficiency can reach 99 percent, and the requirement of the content of hexavalent chromium in the test soil after restoration is met.
Example 4
(1) Preparing a soil remediation agent: the method comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum pyrolysis on rice straws serving as a raw material for 60min at the pyrolysis temperature of 350 ℃, and grinding to obtain biomass carbon powder with the particle size of below 2 mm. And (3) uniformly mixing 30 wt% of calcium polysulfide, 30 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 20 wt% of montmorillonite and 20 wt% of biomass charcoal to finish the preparation, thus obtaining the soil remediation agent.
(2) After the heavy metal contaminated soil is destroyed by a crusher, a soil remediation agent accounting for 5% of the soil mass is added and fully mixed with the contaminated soil, a small amount of water is sprayed in the mixing process, so that the water content of the soil is kept at 10%, and the soil is mixed and kept still for 7 days to finish soil remediation. Through detection, the stabilization efficiency can reach 98 percent, and the requirement of the content of hexavalent chromium in the test soil after restoration is met.
The concentrations of heavy metals and soil nutrients in the soil repaired in examples 1-4 were tested, and the experimental results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The soil nutrient is characterized by an index of the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the soil. Soil carbon to nitrogen ratios between 15 and 25 generally indicate good soil nutrient status.
Comparative example 1
(1)30 wt% of calcium polysulfide, 30 wt% of ferrous sulfate and 40 wt% of montmorillonite are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture.
(2) After the soil polluted by heavy metal is broken by a crusher, the mixture accounting for 5% of the soil mass is added and fully mixed with the polluted soil, a small amount of water is sprayed in the mixing process, so that the water content of the soil is kept at 10%, and the soil is mixed and kept still for 5 days.
Comparative example 2
(1) Preparing a soil remediation agent: the method comprises the steps of carrying out vacuum pyrolysis on rice straws serving as a raw material for 60min at the pyrolysis temperature of 350 ℃, and grinding to obtain biomass carbon powder with the particle size of below 2 mm. Uniformly mixing 40 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 25 wt% of montmorillonite and 35 wt% of biomass charcoal to obtain a mixture.
(2) After the soil polluted by heavy metal is broken by a crusher, the mixture accounting for 5% of the soil mass is added and fully mixed with the polluted soil, a small amount of water is sprayed in the mixing process, so that the water content of the soil is kept at 10%, and the mixture is mixed and kept still for 7 days.
The concentrations of heavy metals and soil nutrients in the soil treated in comparative examples 1-2 were tested, and the experimental results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A soil remediation agent comprising the following components:
10-45 wt% of calcium polysulfide;
15-45 wt% of ferrous sulfate;
10-20 wt% of montmorillonite;
25-35 wt% of biomass carbon;
the biomass charcoal is prepared by taking straws and/or manure as raw materials, performing vacuum pyrolysis for 50-60 min at the pyrolysis temperature of 330-350 ℃, and grinding to obtain solid powder with the particle size of below 2 mm.
2. The soil remediation agent of claim 1 wherein said calcium polysulfide is industrial grade calcium polysulfide and the effective content of calcium polysulfide is not less than 85 wt%.
3. The soil remediation agent of claim 1, wherein the ferrous sulfate is technical grade ferrous sulfate, and the effective content of ferrous sulfate is greater than or equal to 80 wt%.
4. The soil remediation agent of claim 1 wherein the montmorillonite is technical grade montmorillonite and the effective content of montmorillonite is greater than or equal to 80 wt%.
5. The soil remediation agent of claim 1, comprising the following components:
25-35 wt% of calcium polysulfide;
20-30 wt% of ferrous sulfate;
15-18 wt% of montmorillonite;
27-33 wt% of biomass charcoal.
6. A method for preparing a soil remediation agent comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 10-45 wt% of calcium polysulfide, 15-45 wt% of ferrous sulfate, 10-20 wt% of montmorillonite and 25-35 wt% of biomass carbon to obtain a soil remediation agent;
the biomass charcoal is prepared by taking straws and/or manure as raw materials, performing vacuum pyrolysis for 50-60 min at the pyrolysis temperature of 330-350 ℃, and grinding to obtain solid powder with the particle size of below 2 mm.
7. A method of soil remediation comprising the steps of:
the soil remediation agent of any one of claims 1 to 5 mixed with soil to be treated to maintain water content;
then standing and maintaining are carried out to finish soil remediation.
8. The remediation method of claim 7 wherein the mass ratio of the soil remediation agent to soil to be treated is 1 to 10: 100.
9. The restoration method according to claim 7, wherein the soil has a water content of 5 to 15% during the maintenance.
10. The repair method according to claim 7, wherein the curing is performed for 3 to 7 days.
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| CN115400725A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-29 | 中南大学 | Porous clay-based modified biochar composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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