CN111313825A - Photovoltaic module shutoff device - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module shutoff device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111313825A CN111313825A CN202010112811.6A CN202010112811A CN111313825A CN 111313825 A CN111313825 A CN 111313825A CN 202010112811 A CN202010112811 A CN 202010112811A CN 111313825 A CN111313825 A CN 111313825A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic module shutoff device, which comprises a plurality of groups of shutoff device input ends, a group of shutoff device output ends, switching tubes, a driving module, a communication module and a bypass diode, wherein the communication module and the bypass diode are connected with the driving module, the group of shutoff device input ends are connected with the output end of a photovoltaic module, the switching tubes are arranged between the input ends of the shutoff devices and the output end of the shutoff device, the driving module controls the on-off of each switching tube according to information sent by the communication module under the power supply of one photovoltaic module so as to realize the shutoff of each photovoltaic module, and the shutoff of a plurality of photovoltaic modules is controlled by one photovoltaic module shutoff device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic grid-connected power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic module shutoff device.
Background
Due to the renewable and clean nature of solar energy, photovoltaic grid-connected power generation technology is rapidly developed. In a common photovoltaic system, a plurality of photovoltaic modules are connected in series to form a string, and then an inverter is connected to convert direct current into alternating current for grid connection. The series connection of the photovoltaic modules forms a direct current high voltage, which can lead to personal hazards and fire accidents. On-site photovoltaic systems require the inverter to be arc protected, i.e., the operation of the inverter is shut down immediately upon detection of an arc. However, even if the inverter stops operating, the dc cable after the photovoltaic module is strung up will still output high voltage, which poses a safety risk. Therefore, it is safest to have a control function to turn off the output voltage of each photovoltaic module, so that the dc high voltage should be completely eliminated.
Fig. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of a photovoltaic module shutdown device in the prior art; fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module shutdown device in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 1, in the prior art, a photovoltaic module shutdown device is added behind each photovoltaic module, and the output end of the photovoltaic module shutdown device is connected in series with an inverter. As shown in fig. 2, the conventional photovoltaic module shutdown device is composed of two redundant switch tubes M1 and M2, a driving module U1, a communication module U2 and a bypass diode D1 between a shutdown device input end Vin +, Vin-and a shutdown device output end Vout +, Vout-, and a power supply end of the driving module U1 is connected to the shutdown device input end Vin +, Vin-, driving ends g1 and g2 of the driving module U1 are respectively connected to control ends of the switch tubes M1 and M2, and are used for controlling on and off of the switch tubes M1 and M2 after receiving a control signal of the communication module U2, the bypass diode D1 is connected in series between the shutdown device output ends Vout +, Vout-, and after the switch tubes M1 and M2 are disconnected, the photovoltaic module connected to the photovoltaic module shutdown device is disconnected from a dc cable.
However, as the number of photovoltaic modules connected in series increases, the number of photovoltaic module shutdown devices increases, and the number of electronic devices, chips, cables and the like involved in the photovoltaic module shutdown devices is multiplied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic module breaker, which is used for saving the number of photovoltaic module breakers in a photovoltaic system, further saving corresponding devices and reducing the cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a photovoltaic module breaker, which comprises a plurality of sets of breaker input ends, a set of breaker output ends, a switching tube, a driving module, a communication module and a bypass diode, wherein the communication module and the bypass diode are connected with the driving module;
the input ends of the group of the turn-off devices are connected with the output end of one photovoltaic module; the positive pole close to the output end of the turn-off device is a high side, the negative pole close to the output end of the turn-off device is a low side, and the negative pole of the input end of the turn-off device on the high side is connected with the positive pole of the input end of the turn-off device on the low side in series between the adjacent input ends of the turn-off device;
the switch tube is arranged between the input end of each group of the turn-off devices and the output end of each turn-off device; the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input end of one group of the turn-off devices, the output end of the driving module is connected with the anode of the output end of the turn-off device, and the driving end of the driving module is connected with the control end of each switch tube and used for controlling the on-off of each photovoltaic module and the output end of the turn-off device by controlling the on-off of each switch tube; and the cathode of the bypass diode is connected with the anode of the output end of the turn-off device, and the anode of the bypass diode is connected with the cathode of the output end of the turn-off device.
Optionally, two switching tubes are arranged between the input end of each group of the turn-off devices and the output end of each turn-off device.
Optionally, a power supply end of the driving module is connected to an input end of a first group of the turn-off devices on a high side, and the switching tube is arranged between an anode of the input end of the turn-off device and an output end of the turn-off device and used for controlling on/off between the anode of the input end of the turn-off device and the output end of the turn-off device;
or, the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input end of the first group of the turn-off device at the low side, and the switching tube is arranged between the negative electrode of the output end of the turn-off device and used for controlling the on-off between the negative electrode of the input end of the turn-off device and the output end of the turn-off device.
Optionally, the bypass diode specifically includes a plurality of first bypass diodes;
the first bypass diodes are in one-to-one correspondence with the input ends of the group of the turn-off devices and are used for bypassing the photovoltaic modules between the input ends of the corresponding turn-off devices, and the cathodes and the anodes of the adjacent first bypass diodes are connected in series.
Optionally, the bypass diode further includes a second bypass diode for bypassing the photovoltaic module corresponding to the input end of the shutdown device.
Optionally, the switching tube body comprises a first switching tube and a second switching tube;
the first switch tube is arranged between the positive pole and the negative pole of the input end of the group of the turn-off devices and is used for enabling the positive pole and the negative pole of the input end of the turn-off devices to be in short circuit when the turn-on devices are switched on; the second switch tube is arranged between the input end of the breaker and the output end of the breaker and is used for controlling the on-off between the input end of the breaker and the output end of the breaker;
and the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input end of the turn-off device corresponding to the second switching tube.
Optionally, the switching tube is specifically an MOS tube.
Optionally, the driving module is further connected to an anode of the input end of the shutdown device corresponding to the first switching tube, and is configured to turn on the first switching tube after determining that a bypass occurs between the anode of the input end of the shutdown device corresponding to the first switching tube and the output end of the shutdown device according to a voltage of the anode of the input end of the shutdown device corresponding to the first switching tube.
Optionally, the bypass diode specifically includes a third bypass diode and a fourth bypass diode;
the third bypass diodes are in one-to-one correspondence with the input ends of the turn-off devices provided with the second switching tubes, and are used for bypassing the photovoltaic modules between the input ends of the corresponding turn-off devices, and the cathodes and the anodes of the adjacent third bypass diodes are connected in series; and the fourth bypass diode is used for bypassing all photovoltaic modules corresponding to the input ends of the turn-off device.
Optionally, the communication module is disposed on a series path between a negative electrode of the high-side shutdown input and a positive electrode of the low-side shutdown input between two adjacent shutdown inputs.
The photovoltaic module breaker comprises a plurality of sets of breaker input ends, a set of breaker output ends, a switching tube, a driving module, a communication module and a bypass diode, wherein the communication module and the bypass diode are connected with the driving module; the input ends of a group of turn-off devices are connected with the output end of a photovoltaic module; the positive pole close to the output end of the turn-off device is a high side, the negative pole close to the output end of the turn-off device is a low side, and the negative pole of the input end of the turn-off device at the high side is connected with the positive pole of the input end of the turn-off device at the low side in series between the adjacent input ends of the turn-off device; a switch tube is arranged between the input end of each group of the turn-off devices and the output end of the turn-off device; the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input ends of one group of the turn-off devices, the output end of the driving module is connected with the positive electrode of the output end of the turn-off device, and the driving end of the driving module is connected with the control end of each switch tube and used for controlling the on-off of each photovoltaic module and the output end of the turn-off device by controlling the on-off of each switch tube; and the cathode of the bypass diode is connected with the anode of the output end of the turn-off device, and the anode of the bypass diode is connected with the cathode of the output end of the turn-off device. According to the photovoltaic module shutoff device provided by the invention, one photovoltaic module shutoff device is used for controlling the shutoff of a plurality of photovoltaic modules, and further, the shutoff of the plurality of photovoltaic modules can be respectively controlled through one driving module.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of a photovoltaic module shutdown device in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module shutdown in the prior art;
fig. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of a photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a first photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a second photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a third photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a fourth photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a fifth photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of a sixth photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a seventh photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a circuit diagram of an eighth photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a circuit diagram of a ninth photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a photovoltaic module breaker, which is used for saving the number of photovoltaic module breakers in a photovoltaic system, further saving corresponding devices and reducing the cost.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Fig. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of a photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module shutdown device capable of connecting a plurality of photovoltaic modules, as shown in fig. 3, where one photovoltaic module shutdown device is used to connect two photovoltaic modules, and the photovoltaic module shutdown device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is connected to output ends of two photovoltaic modules, so as to control whether the two photovoltaic modules are connected to an inverter. The output ends of the photovoltaic module turn-off devices are connected in series and finally connected to the inverter.
In order to achieve the effect shown in fig. 3, the photovoltaic module shutdown device provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a plurality of groups of shutdown device input ends, a group of shutdown device output ends, a switching tube, a driving module, a communication module connected with the driving module, and a bypass diode;
the input ends of a group of turn-off devices are connected with the output end of a photovoltaic module; the positive pole close to the output end of the turn-off device is a high side, the negative pole close to the output end of the turn-off device is a low side, and the negative pole of the input end of the turn-off device at the high side is connected with the positive pole of the input end of the turn-off device at the low side in series between the adjacent input ends of the turn-off device;
a switch tube is arranged between the input end of each group of the turn-off devices and the output end of the turn-off device; the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input ends of one group of the turn-off devices, the output end of the driving module is connected with the positive electrode of the output end of the turn-off device, and the driving end of the driving module is connected with the control end of each switch tube and used for controlling the on-off of each photovoltaic module and the output end of the turn-off device by controlling the on-off of each switch tube; and the cathode of the bypass diode is connected with the anode of the output end of the turn-off device, and the anode of the bypass diode is connected with the cathode of the output end of the turn-off device.
In the photovoltaic module shutoff device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the on-off of a plurality of photovoltaic modules is controlled by a group of driving modules and communication modules, so that a large number of driving modules and communication modules are saved compared with the photovoltaic module shutoff device aiming at a single photovoltaic module in the prior art.
In a specific implementation, a photovoltaic module is connected between input ends of a group of shutdown devices, for convenience of description, a positive electrode close to an output end of the shutdown device is a high side, a negative electrode close to the output end of the shutdown device is a low side, and between adjacent input ends of the shutdown devices, a negative electrode of the input end of the high side shutdown device is connected in series with a positive electrode of the input end of the low side shutdown device.
The power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input end of one group of the turn-off devices so as to receive power supply of one photovoltaic module. The driving end of the driving module is connected with the switch tube, the driving module is also connected with the communication module and used for determining the photovoltaic module to be switched off and the switch tube corresponding to the photovoltaic module to be switched off according to the information sent by the communication module and controlling the switch tube to be switched on or switched off to switch off the corresponding photovoltaic module. The output end of the driving module is connected with the anode of the output end of the cut-off device and used for outputting a low voltage which is usually less than 1V to the anode of the output end of the cut-off device when the switching tube is disconnected.
In order to realize the redundancy of each path of turn-off function and ensure the turn-off reliability, two switching tubes are arranged between the input end of each group of turn-off devices and the output end of each turn-off device.
The switch tube body can adopt MOS tube, IGBT, thyristor, triode or relay, etc.
The bypass diodes are used for bypassing faulty photovoltaic modules, and in the photovoltaic module shutdown device for multiple photovoltaic modules provided by the embodiment of the invention, the bypass diodes may correspond to the photovoltaic modules one by one, that is, the bypass diodes may specifically include a plurality of first bypass diodes;
the first bypass diodes are in one-to-one correspondence with the input ends of the group of the turn-off devices and are used for bypassing the photovoltaic modules between the input ends of the corresponding turn-off devices, and the cathodes and the anodes of the adjacent first bypass diodes are connected in series.
In another embodiment, a bypass diode may be provided for simultaneously bypassing a plurality or all of the photovoltaic modules.
The bypass diodes can be in one-to-one correspondence with the photovoltaic modules, different photovoltaic modules can be bypassed respectively, and when a plurality of photovoltaic modules are bypassed simultaneously, the bypass diodes generate higher temperature, so that the power consumption of the system is improved. And the scheme that one bypass diode simultaneously bypasses a plurality of or all photovoltaic modules is adopted, although the heating of the device can be reduced, different photovoltaic modules cannot be respectively bypassed.
Therefore, on the basis that the plurality of first bypass diodes correspond to the photovoltaic modules in a one-to-one manner, the bypass diodes can further comprise a second bypass diode for bypassing all the photovoltaic modules corresponding to the input end of the breaker, so that different photovoltaic modules can be bypassed respectively, and the power consumption of a system can be reduced when all the photovoltaic modules are bypassed simultaneously, and the defect is that more diode elements are used. Therefore, in the implementation, the arrangement can be selected from the three schemes according to the actual requirement of the circuit.
Referring to prior art fig. 2, a communication module is typically provided at the output of the shutdown device. In a further preferred embodiment, the communication module is arranged in the series connection between the negative pole of the high-side shutdown input and the positive pole of the low-side shutdown input between two adjacent shutdown inputs. The communication module can adopt an inductor to be connected in series in a main line, and the inductor can also be used as a sampling resistor to test the current of the component and can be used for current detection and backflow prevention current.
The photovoltaic module breaker provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a plurality of sets of breaker input ends, a set of breaker output ends, a switch tube, a driving module, a communication module and a bypass diode, wherein the communication module and the bypass diode are connected with the driving module; the input ends of a group of turn-off devices are connected with the output end of a photovoltaic module; the positive pole close to the output end of the turn-off device is a high side, the negative pole close to the output end of the turn-off device is a low side, and the negative pole of the input end of the turn-off device at the high side is connected with the positive pole of the input end of the turn-off device at the low side in series between the adjacent input ends of the turn-off device; a switch tube is arranged between the input end of each group of the turn-off devices and the output end of the turn-off device; the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input ends of one group of the turn-off devices, the output end of the driving module is connected with the positive electrode of the output end of the turn-off device, and the driving end of the driving module is connected with the control end of each switch tube and used for controlling the on-off of each photovoltaic module and the output end of the turn-off device by controlling the on-off of each switch tube; and the cathode of the bypass diode is connected with the anode of the output end of the turn-off device, and the anode of the bypass diode is connected with the cathode of the output end of the turn-off device. According to the photovoltaic module shutoff device provided by the invention, one photovoltaic module shutoff device is used for controlling the shutoff of a plurality of photovoltaic modules, and further, the shutoff of the plurality of photovoltaic modules can be respectively controlled through one driving module.
In order to turn off the photovoltaic module, two specific ways can be adopted, one is to open a circuit between the photovoltaic module and the inverter, and the other is to short-circuit a positive electrode and a negative electrode of an output end of the photovoltaic module.
Example two
When the circuit breaking and the shutdown are executed, in order to reduce the component voltage required to be borne by the shutdown device, the driving module and the switch tube should be arranged on the same side as much as possible.
In specific implementation, a power supply end of the driving module is connected with an input end of the first group of the turn-off devices on the high side, and the switching tube is arranged between the positive electrode of the input end of the turn-off device and the output end of the turn-off device and used for controlling the on-off between the positive electrode of the input end of the turn-off device and the output end of the turn-off device;
or the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input end of the first group of the turn-off devices at the low side, and the switching tube is arranged between the negative electrode of the output end of the turn-off devices and used for controlling the on-off between the negative electrode of the input end of the turn-off devices and the output end of the turn-off devices.
EXAMPLE III
For the second embodiment, the scheme that the driving module and the switching tube are both disposed on the high side is described by taking the photovoltaic module shutdown device for two photovoltaic modules as an example.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a first photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a second photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the first photovoltaic device shutdown device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a photovoltaic device shutdown device for two photovoltaic devices, and includes two sets of shutdown device input terminals Vin 1+, Vin1-, and Vin2+, Vin 2-, and one set of shutdown device output terminals Vout +, Vout-.
The power supply end of the driving module U3 is connected with the input end Vin 1+, Vin 1-of the first group of turn-off devices, and the output end of the driving module U3 is connected with the anode Vout + of the output end of the turn-off devices.
Two switch tubes which are redundant with each other are arranged between the input end of each group of the turn-off device and the output end of the turn-off device, namely the switch tubes M3 and M4 which are connected between the input end Vin 1+ of the turn-off device and the output end Vout + of the turn-off device in series, and the switch tubes M5 and M6 which are connected between the input end Vin2+ of the turn-off device and the output end Vout + of the turn-off device in series. Each switching tube can adopt a MOS tube, the drain of the switching tube M3 is connected with the positive electrode Vin 1+ of the input end of the first group of turn-off devices, the source of the switching tube M3 is connected with the drain of the switching tube M4, the source of the switching tube M4 is connected with the positive electrode Vout + of the output end of the turn-off devices, the gate of the switching tube M3 is connected with the driving end g3 of the driving module U3, and the gate of the switching tube M4 is connected with the driving end g4 of the driving module U3. The drain of the switching tube M5 is connected with the positive electrode Vin2+ of the input end of the second group of turn-off devices, the source of the switching tube M5 is connected with the drain of the switching tube M6, the source of the switching tube M6 is connected with the positive electrode Vout + of the output end of the turn-off devices, the gate of the switching tube M5 is connected with the driving end g5 of the driving module U3, and the gate of the switching tube M6 is connected with the driving end g6 of the driving module U3.
Referring to the description of the first embodiment, the photovoltaic module shutdown device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises three bypass diodes D2, D3 and D4. The cathode of the bypass diode D2 is connected with the anode Vout + of the output end of the turn-off device, and the anode of the bypass diode D2 is connected with the cathode Vin 1-of the input end of the first group of turn-off device and is used for bypassing the first photovoltaic module; the cathode of the bypass diode D3 is connected with the anode of the bypass diode D2, and the cathode is connected with the negative pole Vout-of the output end of the turn-off device and is used for bypassing the second photovoltaic module; the cathode of the bypass diode D3 is connected with the anode Vout + of the output end of the turn-off device, and the anode is connected with the cathode Vout-of the output end of the turn-off device, and is used for simultaneously bypassing the two photovoltaic modules. Therefore, when the single-output bypass is carried out, the bypass diode D2 or D3 is conducted, when the double-output bypass is carried out, the bypass diode D4 is conducted, only one bypass diode is conducted under any bypass condition, the method has the advantages that the device heating and the system power consumption are reduced, and the defect that the added bypass diode D4 increases the device cost and the device size.
The communication module U4 is connected in series to the main line, specifically, a first end of the communication module U4 is connected to the anode of the bypass diode D4 and the cathode Vin 2-of the input end of the second set of turn-off device, a second end of the communication module U4 is connected to the cathode Vout-of the output end of the turn-off device, and a communication end of the communication module U4 is connected to the driving module U3.
As shown in fig. 5, in the second photovoltaic module shutdown device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, for the photovoltaic module shutdown device of two photovoltaic modules, on the basis of the circuit shown in fig. 4, the communication module U4 is disposed between the bypass diodes D2 and D3, at this time, the communication module U4 may be used to test the module current for current detection and backflow prevention. It should be noted that when the communication module U4 is disposed between the bypass diodes D2 and D3, the bypass diode D4 is eliminated, and the communication module U4 is prevented from being bypassed when two photovoltaic modules are bypassed simultaneously.
Example four
For the scheme in the second embodiment in which the driving module and the switching tube are both disposed at the low side, a photovoltaic module shutdown device for two photovoltaic modules is taken as an example for explanation.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a third photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a fourth photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a fifth photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 6, the third photovoltaic device shutdown device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a photovoltaic device shutdown device for two photovoltaic devices, and includes two sets of shutdown device input terminals Vin 1+, Vin1-, and Vin2+, Vin 2-, and one set of shutdown device output terminals Vout +, Vout-.
In contrast to the second embodiment, the power supply terminal of the driving module U3 is connected to the input terminal Vin2+, Vin 2-of the second set of turn-off switches, and the output terminal of the driving module U3 is connected to the positive terminal Vout + of the output terminal of the turn-off switches.
Each switching tube is arranged at the low side of the control path. The source electrode of the switching tube M3 is connected with the negative electrode Vin 1-of the input end of the first group of turn-off devices, the drain electrode of the switching tube M3 is connected with the source electrode of the switching tube M4, the drain electrode of the switching tube M4 is connected with the anode of the bypass diode D2 and the positive electrode Vin2+ of the input end of the second group of turn-off devices, the grid electrode of the switching tube M3 is connected with the driving end g3 of the driving module U3, and the grid electrode of the switching tube M4 is connected with the driving end g4 of the driving module U3. The source of the switch tube M5 is connected with the negative electrode Vin 2-of the input end of the second group of turn-off devices, the drain of the switch tube M5 is connected with the source of the switch tube M6, the anode of the drain bypass diode of the switch tube M6 is connected with the first end of the communication module U2, the gate of the switch tube M5 is connected with the driving end g5 of the driving module U3, and the gate of the switch tube M6 is connected with the driving end g6 of the driving module U3.
Two bypass diodes can be arranged, namely D2 and D3, and the problem of device heating when a double-path bypass is adopted is solved.
As shown in fig. 7, on the basis of fig. 6, in the fourth photovoltaic module shutdown device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, three bypass diodes are provided, i.e., D2, D3, and D4, and the connection manner thereof can refer to fig. 4.
In addition, as shown in fig. 8, in the fifth photovoltaic module shutdown device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the bypass diodes D2 and D3 may not be provided, and only D4 is provided, in which case, the bypass diodes may be saved, but two photovoltaic modules may only be bypassed at the same time, and may also be turned off at the same time. And if the on-off time of each switching tube is different, for example, under the condition that three switching tubes are all switched on and one switching tube is switched off, the open-circuit voltage of two assemblies appears on the switched tube which is switched off, so that the voltage grade of the switching tube is required to be improved from one assembly to two assemblies, the cost is increased, and the conduction loss is increased.
When the schemes shown in fig. 6 to 8 are applied, when the switching tubes M3 and M4 are disconnected, the communication module U4 and the negative electrode Vin 2- (ground) at the input end of the second group of interrupters are also disconnected, so that an inductor cannot be directly connected in series in the communication module U4, and an isolation, such as an isolation transformer, needs to be arranged.
The circuits of the photovoltaic module shutdown devices for two photovoltaic modules are shown in fig. 4 to fig. 8, on this basis, the circuits of the photovoltaic module shutdown devices for two or more photovoltaic modules can be expanded, and different combinations of the driving module U3 being disposed at the input end of the first shutdown device group on the high side, or at the input end of the first shutdown device group on the low side, or at the input end of any one shutdown device group in the middle, the corresponding switching tube being disposed on the high side or the low side, and the number and positions of the bypass diodes are all within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
EXAMPLE five
In addition to the solutions of the second, third, and fourth embodiments that each photovoltaic module is turned off in the form of an open circuit, the photovoltaic module may also be turned off in the form of an open circuit, that is, a short circuit is formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the output terminal of the photovoltaic module.
Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of a sixth photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a seventh photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 11 is a circuit diagram of an eighth photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 12 is a circuit diagram of a ninth photovoltaic module shutdown device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if the photovoltaic module is short-circuited, the photovoltaic module cannot supply power to the driving module U2, and therefore, at least one photovoltaic module that is turned off in an open circuit manner must be provided in the photovoltaic module shutdown device to supply power to the driving module. Therefore, in the photovoltaic module shutdown device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the switching tube body comprises a first switching tube and a second switching tube;
the first switch tube is arranged between the anode and the cathode of the input end of the group of the turn-off devices and is used for enabling the anode and the cathode of the input end of the turn-off devices to be in short circuit when the turn-on is carried out; the second switch tube is arranged between the input end of the turn-off device and the output end of the turn-off device and is used for controlling the on-off between the input end of the turn-off device and the output end of the turn-off device;
and the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input end of the turn-off device corresponding to the second switching tube.
As shown in fig. 9, a sixth photovoltaic device shutdown device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a photovoltaic device shutdown device with two photovoltaic devices, and includes two sets of shutdown device input ends Vin 1+, Vin1-, and Vin2+, Vin 2-, and one set of shutdown device output ends Vout +, Vout-.
The power supply end of the driving module U3 is connected with the input end Vin2+ and Vin 2-of the second group of turn-off devices, and the output end of the driving module U3 is connected with the positive electrode connection Vin2+ of the input end of the second group of turn-off devices.
Two redundant switch tubes are arranged between the input end of each group of the turn-off devices and the output end of the turn-off devices, namely first switch tubes M7 and M8 which are connected in parallel between the positive electrode Vin 1+ of the input end of the first group of the turn-off devices and the output end Vout +, and second switch tubes M9 and M10 which are connected in series between the negative electrode Vin 2-of the input end of the second group of the turn-off devices and the output end Vout +. Each switching tube may adopt an MOS tube, the drain of the first switching tube M7 and the drain of the first switching tube M8 are connected to the positive electrode Vin 1+ of the input end of the first group of turn-off devices, the source of the first switching tube M7 and the source of the first switching tube M8 are connected to the negative electrode Vin 1-of the input end of the first group of turn-off devices, the gate of the first switching tube M7 is connected to the driving end g7 of the driving module U3, and the gate of the first switching tube M8 is connected to the driving end g8 of the driving module U3. The source of the second switch tube M9 is connected to the negative electrode Vin 2-of the input end of the second group of interrupters, the drain of the second switch tube M9 is connected to the source of the second switch tube M10, the drain of the second switch tube M10 is connected to the first end of the communication module U4, the gate of the second switch tube M9 is connected to the driving end g9 of the driving module U3, and the gate of the second switch tube M10 is connected to the driving end g10 of the driving module U3. A second terminal of the communication module U4 is connected to the negative terminal Vout-of the output of the shutdown device.
In the sixth photovoltaic module shutdown device shown in fig. 9, since the first switching tubes M9 and M10 are MOS transistors and are connected in parallel with the photovoltaic module between the input ends of the first group shutdown device, the body diodes in the first switching tubes M9 and M10 can be used as the bypass diodes corresponding to the photovoltaic module. At this time, there is no bypass diode between the input ends of the second group of turn-off devices, in order to implement the bypass function, a bypass diode D5 may be disposed in the sixth photovoltaic module turn-off device, the cathode of the bypass diode D5 is connected with the negative pole Vout-of the output end of the turn-off device, and the anode is connected with the positive pole Vout + of the output end of the turn-off device, for bypassing the two-way output at the same time.
By applying the sixth photovoltaic module shutdown device shown in fig. 9, when the photovoltaic modules all work normally, only the second switching tubes M9 and M10 are turned on, and the first switching tubes M7 and M8 are turned off, compared with the scheme of the photovoltaic module shutdown device in which each path is turned off in an open circuit manner as shown in the second, third, and fourth embodiments, the power consumption of the photovoltaic modules all work normally is reduced, and if the photovoltaic module shutdown device is applied to the photovoltaic modules of two-path photovoltaic modules, the sixth photovoltaic module shutdown device shown in fig. 9 saves about 50% of the power consumption compared with the first to fifth photovoltaic module shutdown devices.
However, when the driving module U3 has undervoltage protection, if the first switching tubes M7 and M8 are turned off, one switching tube will bear the open-circuit voltage of two photovoltaic modules due to the difference between the turn-on times of the second switching tubes M9 and M10. To solve the above problem, for the sixth photovoltaic module shutdown device shown in fig. 9 and similar photovoltaic module shutdown devices, the driving module U3 first closes the first switching tubes M7 and M8, then opens the second switching tubes M9 and M10 when the undervoltage protection occurs, and first closes the second switching tubes M9 and M10, and then opens the first switching tubes M7 and M8 when the undervoltage protection is removed. This ensures that the first switching tubes M7 and M8 are short-circuited when the second switching tubes M9 and M10 are switched, and no open-circuit voltage of the two photovoltaic modules appears on the second switching tubes M9 and M10.
In order to reduce the bypass loss, as shown in fig. 10, on the basis of the sixth photovoltaic module shutdown device shown in fig. 9, in the seventh photovoltaic module shutdown device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the driving module U3 is further connected to the positive electrode Vin 1+ of the shutdown device input end corresponding to the first switching tube M7, M8, and is configured to turn on the first switching tube M7, M8 after determining that a bypass occurs between the positive electrode Vin 1+ of the shutdown device input end corresponding to the first switching tube M7, M8 and the shutdown device output end Vout +, Vout-according to the positive electrode Vin 1+ voltage of the shutdown device input end corresponding to the first switching tube M7, M8.
Whether a bypass exists between Vout + and Vin 1-is judged by detecting the voltage of the anode Vin 1+ of the input end of the first group of turn-off devices, that is, whether the body diodes of the first switch tubes M7 and M8 are conducted in the forward direction, if yes, the first switch tubes M7 and M8 are immediately turned on, and therefore bypass power consumption is reduced. The bypass detection may be performed by detecting the current direction of the first switching tubes M7, M8 (for example, sampling is performed by using a resistor, a transformer, a hall device, or other devices), and if the current direction of the first switching tubes M7, M8 is from the source to the drain, it indicates that the body diodes of the first switching tubes M7, M8 are turned on, and the driving module U3 sends a driving signal to turn on the first switching tubes M7, M8.
In the above-described photovoltaic module shutdown device shown in fig. 9 and 10, although the bypass function for the photovoltaic module between the inputs of the first group of shutdown devices is implemented by the first switching tubes M7, M8 and the two-way bypass function is implemented by the bypass diode D5, there is no separate bypass function for the photovoltaic module between the inputs of the second group of shutdown devices.
Therefore, on the basis of the sixth and seventh photovoltaic module breakers provided by the embodiment of the present invention, in the eighth photovoltaic module breaker provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the bypass diode specifically includes a third bypass diode and a fourth bypass diode;
the third bypass diodes are in one-to-one correspondence with the input ends of the turn-off devices provided with the second switching tubes and are used for bypassing the photovoltaic modules between the input ends of the corresponding turn-off devices, and the cathodes and the anodes of the adjacent third bypass diodes are connected in series; and the fourth bypass diode is used for bypassing the photovoltaic modules corresponding to the input ends of all the turn-off devices.
As shown in fig. 11, based on fig. 9 or fig. 10, the eighth photovoltaic module shutdown device provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a third bypass diode D6 in addition to the fourth bypass diode D7 (corresponding to the bypass diode D5 in fig. 9 and fig. 10). In fig. 11, only one set of the input terminals of the shutdown device is provided with the second switching tube, so that a third bypass diode D6 is correspondingly provided. If a plurality of groups of the turn-off device input ends provided with the second switching tubes are arranged, a third bypass diode D6 is arranged corresponding to each group, and the cathodes and the anodes of the adjacent third bypass diodes D6 are connected in series. At this time, when the second switching tubes M9 and M10 are turned off and the third bypass diode D6 is turned on in the forward direction, the first switching tubes M7 and M8 can also be normally switched, so that the normal operation of the first path is ensured.
In order to further simplify the circuit and save circuit components, as shown in fig. 12, compared with the eighth photovoltaic module shutdown device shown in fig. 11, the ninth photovoltaic module shutdown device provided in the embodiment of the present invention omits a fourth bypass diode D7, so that the input ends of the first group of shutdown devices realize a one-way bypass through the first switching tubes M7 and M8, and the input ends of the second group of shutdown devices realize a one-way bypass through the third bypass diode D6, and in this scheme, compared with fig. 5 and fig. 6 in which all the paths are one-way bypasses, a part of the paths are conducted through the bypass through the switching tubes, thereby greatly reducing the loss of the bypass devices.
The circuits of the photovoltaic module shutdown devices for two photovoltaic modules are shown in fig. 9 to fig. 12, on this basis, the circuits for more than two photovoltaic modules can be expanded, and different combinations of the driving module U3 at the input end of the first group shutdown device on the high side, at the input end of the first group shutdown device on the low side, or at the input end of any group shutdown device in the middle can be obtained, the corresponding first switching tubes are arranged at different positions, the second switching tubes are arranged on the high side or the low side, and the number and positions of the bypass diodes are all within the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
The photovoltaic module shutoff provided by the invention is described in detail above. The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
It is further noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (10)
1. A photovoltaic module shutoff device is characterized by comprising a plurality of sets of shutoff device input ends, a set of shutoff device output ends, a switch tube, a driving module, a communication module and a bypass diode, wherein the communication module and the bypass diode are connected with the driving module;
the input ends of the group of the turn-off devices are connected with the output end of one photovoltaic module; the positive pole close to the output end of the turn-off device is a high side, the negative pole close to the output end of the turn-off device is a low side, and the negative pole of the input end of the turn-off device on the high side is connected with the positive pole of the input end of the turn-off device on the low side in series between the adjacent input ends of the turn-off device;
the switch tube is arranged between the input end of each group of the turn-off devices and the output end of each turn-off device; the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input end of one group of the turn-off devices, the output end of the driving module is connected with the anode of the output end of the turn-off device, and the driving end of the driving module is connected with the control end of each switch tube and used for controlling the on-off of each photovoltaic module and the output end of the turn-off device by controlling the on-off of each switch tube; and the cathode of the bypass diode is connected with the anode of the output end of the turn-off device, and the anode of the bypass diode is connected with the cathode of the output end of the turn-off device.
2. The photovoltaic module shutdown device according to claim 1, wherein two switching tubes are disposed between each set of the shutdown device input end and the shutdown device output end.
3. The photovoltaic module shutdown device according to claim 1, wherein the power supply terminal of the driving module is connected to the input terminals of the first group of the shutdown device on the high side, and the switching tube is arranged between the positive electrode of the input terminal of the shutdown device and the output terminal of the shutdown device and used for controlling the on-off between the positive electrode of the input terminal of the shutdown device and the output terminal of the shutdown device;
or, the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input end of the first group of the turn-off device at the low side, and the switching tube is arranged between the negative electrode of the output end of the turn-off device and used for controlling the on-off between the negative electrode of the input end of the turn-off device and the output end of the turn-off device.
4. The photovoltaic module shutdown device according to claim 1, wherein the bypass diode comprises in particular a plurality of first bypass diodes;
the first bypass diodes are in one-to-one correspondence with the input ends of the group of the turn-off devices and are used for bypassing the photovoltaic modules between the input ends of the corresponding turn-off devices, and the cathodes and the anodes of the adjacent first bypass diodes are connected in series.
5. The photovoltaic module shutdown device according to claim 4, wherein the bypass diode further comprises a second bypass diode for bypassing all photovoltaic modules corresponding to the shutdown device input.
6. The photovoltaic module shutdown device according to claim 1, wherein the switching tube body comprises a first switching tube and a second switching tube;
the first switch tube is arranged between the positive pole and the negative pole of the input end of the group of the turn-off devices and is used for enabling the positive pole and the negative pole of the input end of the turn-off devices to be in short circuit when the turn-on devices are switched on; the second switch tube is arranged between the input end of the breaker and the output end of the breaker and is used for controlling the on-off between the input end of the breaker and the output end of the breaker;
and the power supply end of the driving module is connected with the input end of the turn-off device corresponding to the second switching tube.
7. The photovoltaic module shutdown device according to claim 6, wherein the switching tube is a MOS tube.
8. The photovoltaic module shutdown device according to claim 7, wherein the driving module is further connected to the positive electrode of the shutdown device input terminal corresponding to the first switching tube, and configured to turn on the first switching tube after determining that a bypass occurs between the positive electrode of the shutdown device input terminal corresponding to the first switching tube and the shutdown device output terminal according to the voltage of the positive electrode of the shutdown device input terminal corresponding to the first switching tube.
9. The photovoltaic module shutdown device according to claim 7, characterized in that the bypass diode comprises in particular a third bypass diode and a fourth bypass diode;
the third bypass diodes are in one-to-one correspondence with the input ends of the turn-off devices provided with the second switching tubes, and are used for bypassing the photovoltaic modules between the input ends of the corresponding turn-off devices, and the cathodes and the anodes of the adjacent third bypass diodes are connected in series; and the fourth bypass diode is used for bypassing all photovoltaic modules corresponding to the input ends of the turn-off device.
10. The photovoltaic module shutdown device according to claim 1, wherein the communication module is provided in a series path between two adjacent shutdown device inputs between a negative pole of the high side shutdown device input and a positive pole of the low side shutdown device input.
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| CN202010112811.6A CN111313825A (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2020-02-24 | Photovoltaic module shutoff device |
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| CN111224424A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-02 | 海宁昱能电子有限公司 | Photovoltaic module shutoff device |
| CN113258874A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-13 | 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 | Shutoff device and photovoltaic system |
| CN114336622A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 | Shutdown controller and control method, system and device thereof |
| WO2022116389A1 (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-09 | 浙江英达威芯电子有限公司 | Photovoltaic module turn-off circuit and photovoltaic device |
| WO2023065135A1 (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-04-27 | 杭州禾迈电力电子股份有限公司 | Shutdown device, communication method for shutdown device, and rapid shutdown photovoltaic system |
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Effective date of registration: 20211103 Address after: 314400 room 504, 5 / F, building 10, 8 Haining Avenue, Haining Economic Development Zone, Haining City, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: INTEPOWERCHIP Inc. Address before: 314400 No.118, Longxing Road, Haining Economic Development Zone, Haining City, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Applicant before: HAINING YUNENG ELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20200619 |
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