CN111313702A - Chopper for superconducting magnetic energy storage system - Google Patents
Chopper for superconducting magnetic energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111313702A CN111313702A CN202010113456.4A CN202010113456A CN111313702A CN 111313702 A CN111313702 A CN 111313702A CN 202010113456 A CN202010113456 A CN 202010113456A CN 111313702 A CN111313702 A CN 111313702A
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- chopper
- submodule
- capacitor
- superconducting magnet
- energy storage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a chopper for a superconducting magnetic energy storage system, which comprises n + m chopper submodules with the same structure, and a chopper submodule SM1Is connected with the positive pole of the direct current bus, and a chopper submodule SMkThe intermediate terminals of k 2,3, …, n + m, and the chopper submodule SMk‑1Are connected with the lower terminal of the chopper submodule SMn+mThe lower terminal of the direct current bus is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus. The chopper submodule is formed by connecting a half-bridge circuit, a capacitor C and a single-phase chopper in parallel, wherein the half-bridge circuit comprises two parallel devices, one is two IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors), namely T, connected in series1And T2One path is two diodes connected in series, i.e. D1And D2。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of superconducting magnetic energy storage systems, in particular to a chopper.
Background
A Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) system is a fast and efficient Energy Storage device for storing Energy in a Superconducting magnet. Compared with energy storage devices such as mechanical energy storage devices and electrochemical energy storage devices, the SMES system has the advantages of high response speed, multiple cycle times, high power density, high energy conversion rate and the like, and can be further used for inhibiting the frequency fluctuation of a power system caused by grid connection of new energy such as photovoltaic energy, wind power and the like; transient stability of the power grid is improved; enhancing the power supply reliability of important loads, and the like.
The chopper is used as a core part of the SMES system, and the main function of the chopper is to realize controllable energy exchange between the superconducting magnet and a power grid. At present, most of SMES systems adopt single-phase choppers, and due to the limitation of the turn-off voltage of a switching device, the single-phase choppers are only suitable for occasions with lower voltage levels. The turn-off voltage of each switching device of the neutral point clamped single-phase chopper is only half of the voltage of a direct-current bus pole pair, and the neutral point clamped single-phase chopper is suitable for occasions with higher voltage levels, but the control logic of the structure is complex, the expansibility is poor, and neutral point potential drift is easy to generate.
The technical difficulty is that the voltage level of the single-phase chopper is obviously improved, the series connection of a plurality of single-phase choppers to a higher voltage level is an effective measure for solving the problem, meanwhile, the chopper formed by the series connection of the plurality of single-phase choppers can be connected with a plurality of superconducting magnets, and the integral energy storage of the SMES system can be effectively improved. The unbalance of the capacitor voltage may cause overvoltage of partial devices, the unbalance of the superconducting magnet current may cause partial superconducting magnets to complete charging and discharging processes preferentially, and the remaining superconducting magnets are forced to stop charging and discharging, so that the overall discharging depth of the SMES system is weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a voltage-sharing and current-sharing control method for a chopper of a superconducting magnetic energy storage system, which is particularly suitable for the superconducting magnetic energy storage system with high voltage level and large energy storage capacity, allows a plurality of superconducting magnets to be connected to improve the overall energy storage capacity of the system, and meanwhile, the structure has the voltage-sharing and current-sharing capacity, high reliability and strong expansibility, and can be applied to occasions with higher voltage level. The technical scheme is as follows:
a chopper for a superconducting magnetic energy storage system comprises n + m chopper submodules with the same structure, and the chopper submodulesSM1Is connected with the positive pole of the direct current bus, and a chopper submodule SMkThe intermediate terminals of k 2,3, …, n + m, and the chopper submodule SMk-1Are connected with the lower terminal of the chopper submodule SMn+mThe lower terminal of the direct current bus is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus. The chopper submodule is formed by connecting a half-bridge circuit, a capacitor C and a single-phase chopper in parallel, wherein the half-bridge circuit comprises two parallel devices, one is two IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors), namely T, connected in series1And T2One path is two diodes connected in series, i.e. D1And D2The connection mode of each device in the half-bridge circuit is as follows: t is1Collector electrode of (D)1Is connected to the positive pole of a capacitor C, T1Emitter electrode, T2Collector electrode of (D)1And D2Is connected to the intermediate terminal of the chopper submodule, T2Emitter electrode of, D2Is connected to the negative terminal of the chopper submodule, with the negative terminal of the capacitor C.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are; the single-phase chopper comprises a superconducting magnet LscAnd the two-way parallel device is formed by connecting an IGBT and a diode in series, and the first-way parallel device comprises a T3、D4The second path of parallel devices comprises T4、D3The connection mode of each device in the single-phase chopper is as follows: t is3Collector electrode of (D)3Is connected to the positive pole of a capacitor C, T3Emitter electrode of, D4Cathode and superconducting magnet LscAre connected at one end, T4Collector electrode of (D)3And the superconducting magnet LscIs connected at the other end, T4Emitter electrode of, D4Is connected to the negative pole of the capacitor C.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, a plurality of novel chopper sub-modules are connected in series into a circuit, and the voltage grade and the energy storage capacity of the whole novel chopper can be increased in multiples under the conditions that the voltage grade of each novel chopper sub-module is lower and the energy storage capacity of each superconducting magnet is smaller.
(2) According to the invention, the single-phase choppers in the novel chopper sub-modules are controlled by constant direct current voltage, and the current balance of each superconducting magnet can be maintained by controlling IGBT switching signals of half-bridge circuits in the novel chopper sub-modules while the capacitor voltage balance of each novel chopper sub-module is maintained.
(3) Based on the modular structure characteristics of the novel chopper, a certain margin can be reserved when the total number of the chopper submodules is determined, so that the novel chopper can normally operate under the condition that a single-phase chopper in a certain novel chopper submodule fails.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a novel chopper topology suitable for high voltage class, large stored energy SMES systems;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the mode of operation of the novel chopper submodule;
Detailed Description
The novel chopper is suitable for a high-voltage-level and large-energy-storage superconducting magnetic energy storage system, allows a plurality of superconducting magnets to be connected to improve the integral energy storage of the system, and meanwhile, the structure has the advantages of voltage-sharing and current-sharing capacity, high reliability and strong expansibility, and can be applied to occasions with high voltage levels. The invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the specific topology is shown in fig. 1.
The novel chopper comprises n + m novel chopper sub-modules with completely same structures and a novel chopper sub-module SM1The middle terminal of the novel chopper submodule SM is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current busk(k 2,3, …, n + m) intermediate terminals and a novel chopper submodule SMk-1Is connected with the lower terminal, and the novel chopper submodule SMn+mThe lower terminal of the direct current bus is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus. The novel chopper submodule is formed by connecting a half-bridge circuit, a capacitor C and a single-phase chopper in parallel, wherein the half-bridge circuit comprises two parallel devices, one is two IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) connected in series, namely T1And T2One path is two diodes connected in series, i.e. D1And D2The connection mode of each device in the half-bridge circuit is as follows: t is1Collector electrode of (D)1Is connected to the positive pole of a capacitor C, T1Emitter electrode, T2Collector electrode of (D)1And D2Is connected to the intermediate terminal of the novel chopper submodule, T2Emitter electrode of, D2The anode of the chopper is connected with the cathode of the capacitor C and the lower terminal of the novel chopper submodule; the single-phase chopper comprises a superconducting magnet LscWith two parallel devices each consisting of an IGBT and a diode in series, i.e. T3、D4And T4、D3The connection mode of each device in the single-phase chopper is as follows: t is3Collector electrode of (D)3Is connected to the positive pole of a capacitor C, T3Emitter electrode of, D4Cathode and superconducting magnet LscAre connected at one end, T4Collector electrode of (D)3And the superconducting magnet LscIs connected at the other end, T4Emitter electrode of, D4Is connected to the negative pole of the capacitor C.
The working principle of the novel chopper is divided into two parts, namely a working mode and a sequencing rule of a submodule of the novel chopper:
the single-phase choppers in the novel chopper submodules are controlled by constant direct-current voltage to maintain that the capacitor voltage of each novel chopper submodule is a rated value Uc. According to I in FIG. 2dcThe working modes of the novel chopper submodule are defined as the following 4 types:
1. working mode 1: SMES system charging and novel chopper submodule investment
Operation mode 1 As shown in FIG. 2(a), for T1And T2Apply on and off signals, respectively, at this time D1On, current flows through D1Charging capacitor C, and controlling single-phase chopper T3And T4On and off of the superconducting magnet LscThe charging power of the capacitor C is equal to the charging power of the capacitor C, thereby maintaining the capacitor voltage constant.
2. The working mode 2 is as follows: SMES system discharge and novel chopper submodule investment
Mode of operation 2 as in figure 2(b) Shown as to T1And T2Applying respective on and off signals to pass current through T1Discharging the capacitor C, the single-phase chopper passing control T3And T4On and off of the superconducting magnet LscThe discharge power of the capacitor C is equal to the discharge power of the capacitor C, thereby maintaining the capacitor voltage constant.
3. Working mode 3: SMES system charging and novel chopper sub-module bypass
Operation mode 3 As shown in FIG. 2(c), for T1And T2Applying respective turn-off and turn-on signals, the current passing through T2The capacitor C is bypassed. When the capacitor C bypasses, the capacitor C does not exchange energy with the power grid, and the single-phase chopper controls the superconducting magnet LscAnd the superconducting magnet is always in a follow current state in a control period, and the capacitor voltage and the superconducting magnet current are kept constant.
4. The working mode 4 is as follows: SMES system discharge and novel chopper submodule bypass
Operation mode 4 As shown in FIG. 2(d), for T1And T2Applying respective turn-off and turn-on signals, the current passing through D2The capacitor C is bypassed. When the capacitor C bypasses, the capacitor C does not exchange energy with the power grid, and the single-phase chopper controls the superconducting magnet LscAnd the superconducting magnet is always in a follow current state in a control period, and the capacitor voltage and the superconducting magnet current are kept constant.
The sequencing rule of the novel chopper submodule is as follows:
1. and measuring the superconducting magnet current of the n + m novel chopper sub-modules once every control period, and sequencing the novel chopper sub-modules according to the magnitude of the superconducting magnet current.
2. When the SMES system is charged, sequentially selecting n novel chopper sub-modules to switch to a working mode 1 according to the sequence that the current of the superconducting magnet in each novel chopper sub-module is from small to large; and the rest m novel chopper sub-modules with larger superconducting magnet currents are switched to the working mode 3.
3. When the SMES system discharges, sequentially selecting n novel chopper sub-modules to switch to a working mode 2 according to the sequence of the superconducting magnet current in each novel chopper sub-module from large to small; the rest m novel chopper sub-modules with smaller superconducting magnet currents are switched to the working mode 4.
4. And updating the sequence of each novel chopper submodule once every control period.
The control method specifically comprises the following steps: sequencing the n + m chopper sub-modules according to the current of the superconducting magnet every control period; when the superconducting magnetic energy storage system is charged, sequentially selecting n chopper sub-modules according to the sequence of superconducting magnet current from small to large, and controlling T for each selected chopper sub-module1Conduction, T2Off and current through D1Charging capacitor C, controlling T3And T4On and off of the superconducting magnet LscThe charging power of the capacitor C is equal to the charging power of the capacitor C so as to maintain the voltage of the capacitor constant; t for controlling remaining m chopper submodules2Conduction, T1Turn off, current through T2The capacitor C is bypassed, the capacitor C does not exchange energy with the power grid, and T is controlled3And T4On and off of the superconducting magnet LscThe superconducting magnet is always in a follow current state in a control period so as to maintain the capacitance voltage and the superconducting magnet current constant; when the superconducting magnetic energy storage system discharges, sequentially selecting n chopper sub-modules according to the sequence of superconducting magnet current from large to small, and controlling T for each selected chopper sub-module1Conduction, T2Turn off, current through T1Discharging the capacitor C to control T3And T4On and off of the superconducting magnet LscThe discharge power of the capacitor C is equal to the discharge power of the capacitor C so as to maintain the voltage of the capacitor constant; t for controlling remaining m chopper submodules2Conduction, T1Off and current through D2The capacitor C is bypassed, the capacitor C does not exchange energy with the power grid, and T is controlled3And T4On and off of the superconducting magnet LscThe superconducting magnet is always in a follow current state in a control period so as to maintain the capacitance voltage and the superconducting magnet current constant; updating the sequence of n + m chopper sub-modules once per control period so as to maintain each superconducting magnetAnd (4) current balancing.
After the working modes of the novel chopper sub-modules are determined according to the sequencing rule of the novel chopper sub-modules, the superconducting magnet with smaller current has longer charging time and shorter discharging time, the superconducting magnet with larger current is opposite to the superconducting magnet, and finally the currents of the superconducting magnets tend to be consistent. Certain margin can be reserved when the total number of the novel chopper submodules is determined, and then after a single-phase chopper in a certain novel chopper submodule breaks down and exits from operation, the sequencing effect of the non-fault novel chopper submodule cannot be influenced, namely the novel chopper can still normally operate, and the reliability is high.
Claims (2)
1. A chopper for a superconducting magnetic energy storage system comprises n + m chopper submodules with the same structure and a chopper submodule SM1Is connected with the positive pole of the direct current bus, and a chopper submodule SMkThe intermediate terminals of k 2,3, …, n + m, and the chopper submodule SMk-1Are connected with the lower terminal of the chopper submodule SMn+mThe lower terminal of the direct current bus is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus. The chopper submodule is formed by connecting a half-bridge circuit, a capacitor C and a single-phase chopper in parallel, wherein the half-bridge circuit comprises two parallel devices, one is two IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors), namely T, connected in series1And T2One path is two diodes connected in series, i.e. D1And D2The connection mode of each device in the half-bridge circuit is as follows: t is1Collector electrode of (D)1Is connected to the positive pole of a capacitor C, T1Emitter electrode, T2Collector electrode of (D)1And D2Is connected to the intermediate terminal of the chopper submodule, T2Emitter electrode of, D2Is connected to the negative terminal of the chopper submodule, with the negative terminal of the capacitor C.
2. The chopper according to claim 1, wherein said single-phase chopper comprises a superconducting magnet LscThe two parallel devices are connected with the two parallel devices in series by an IGBT and a diode, and the first parallel device package is arrangedDraw T3、D4The second path of parallel devices comprises T4、D3The connection mode of each device in the single-phase chopper is as follows: t is3Collector electrode of (D)3Is connected to the positive pole of a capacitor C, T3Emitter electrode of, D4Cathode and superconducting magnet LscAre connected at one end, T4Collector electrode of (D)3And the superconducting magnet LscIs connected at the other end, T4Emitter electrode of, D4Is connected to the negative pole of the capacitor C.
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CN202010113456.4A CN111313702A (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2020-02-24 | Chopper for superconducting magnetic energy storage system |
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Citations (5)
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CN101188378A (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2008-05-28 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A high price/performance ratio high-power IGBT module |
CN102684534A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-19 | 西安理工大学 | High-capacity superconducting energy storage transducer provided with H-bridge current transformer |
CN103633872A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-12 | 山东大学 | Capacitor voltage self-balancing circuit of modularized multi-level converter |
CN107947573A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of DC/DC choppers suitable for super conductive magnetic storage energy |
EP3609069A1 (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-12 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Converter system |
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2020
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Patent Citations (5)
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CN101188378A (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2008-05-28 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A high price/performance ratio high-power IGBT module |
CN102684534A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-19 | 西安理工大学 | High-capacity superconducting energy storage transducer provided with H-bridge current transformer |
CN103633872A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-12 | 山东大学 | Capacitor voltage self-balancing circuit of modularized multi-level converter |
CN107947573A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of DC/DC choppers suitable for super conductive magnetic storage energy |
EP3609069A1 (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-12 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Converter system |
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Application publication date: 20200619 |