CN111311171A - Maintainability distribution method based on maintenance activities and correction weighting coefficients - Google Patents
Maintainability distribution method based on maintenance activities and correction weighting coefficients Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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Abstract
The invention provides a maintainability distribution method based on maintenance activities and correction weighting coefficients, which divides the maintenance time of a system into general maintenance time and individual maintenance time, wherein the general maintenance time comprises the time required by preparation, approach and reassembly, the individual maintenance time comprises the time required by fault diagnosis, replacement, adjustment and inspection, and the difference between the distribution result and the actual maintenance time is corrected by correcting the weight of the fault rate in a distribution model. The method makes the distribution result closer to the external field evaluation result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of quality and reliability engineering, and particularly relates to a maintainability distribution method based on maintenance activity and a correction weighting coefficient.
Background
Maintainability distribution, prediction and evaluation are important work items specified in GJB368B, wherein maintainability distribution is the source of equipment maintainability design analysis, prediction and evaluation, and the quantitative requirement of product maintainability is distributed to the specified product level layer by layer as the basis of maintainability design and the quantitative requirement of outsourced product maintainability. Whether the maintainability allocation work can be effectively implemented or not relates to whether the maintainability design analysis of the equipment meets the maintainability requirement of development or not and whether the maintainability requirement can be converted into a design measure or not. Therefore, it is important to make maintenance allocation work as much as possible early in equipment development.
At present, the equipment maintainability index distribution mainly adopts a comprehensive weighted distribution method of fault rate and design characteristics in a GJB/Z57 repair distribution and prediction handbook. The maintainability index distribution value obtained by the comprehensive weighted distribution method according to the failure rate and the design characteristics is not coordinated with the predicted value and the outfield evaluated value, and the main reasons are as follows: when the equipment is arranged at a system level and an equipment level, the obtained product information is different, and a control unit cannot really control the time in each maintenance activity, so that the distribution values of a master unit and the control unit to MTTR are inconsistent; in addition, when the fault rate between systems/devices is greatly different, the distribution result is seriously deviated from the actual maintenance time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a maintainability distribution method based on maintenance activities and correction weighting coefficients, wherein the maintenance time of a system is divided into general maintenance time and individual maintenance time, the general maintenance time comprises the time required by preparation, approach and reassembly, the individual maintenance time comprises the time required by fault diagnosis, replacement, adjustment and inspection, and the difference between the distribution result and the actual maintenance time is corrected by correcting the weight of the fault rate in a distribution model.
The specific technical scheme of the maintainability distribution method based on the maintenance activities and the correction weighting coefficients is that the maintenance time of the system is divided into general maintenance time and individual maintenance time from the maintenance activity perspective, and the difference between the distribution result and the actual maintenance time is corrected by correcting the weight of the failure rate in the distribution model.
Further, the universal maintenance time is related to the position of the equipment where the equipment is located, is determined by the structural design characteristics of the equipment, and is determined by the master unit, and comprises the time required for preparation, access and reassembly.
Similarly, the individual maintenance time is determined by the design of the equipment, and includes the time required for fault diagnosis, replacement, adjustment and inspection.
Furthermore, the maintenance allocation method comprises the specific steps of,
step 1: determining a personalized time MCT number;
And step 3: the model is determined and the model is determined,
obtaining the individual time M according to the step 1CT number Step 2, obtaining the corrected integrated weighting coefficientCalculating the average repair time M of the LRU (line replaceable unit) according to the corrected comprehensive weighting coefficientCTiIs assigned the model MCTi=(β'i)*MCT number;
And 4, step 4: the verification and the adjustment are carried out,
i.e. the average repair time established according to step 3MCTiThe individual time MCT numberEach LRU is assigned to detect individual time in the assigned system according to the following formulaWhether the requirements are met or not is judged,
if yes, the distributed system individual time is similar to the required value, if yes, the system individual time is similar to the required valueIf not, the distribution result of each LRU needs to be adjusted, and the calculation formula of the adjustment isAnd allocating the result for each adjusted LRU.
Further, in the above maintainability distribution method step, the individual time MCT numberThe determination method comprises the following steps:
MCT (computed tomography) apparatus=MP+MD+MR
MCT number=MCT-MCT (computed tomography) apparatus
Wherein M isPFor preparation time, MDTo approach time, MRFor reassembly time.
Further, in the maintainability distribution method step, the modified integrated weighting coefficient is determinedThe specific method comprises the following steps:
the commonly used maintenance allocation method is an integrated weighted allocation method according to the failure rate and design characteristics in the state army standard, and the average repair time of each LRU of the systemMCTiThe distribution model is
MCTi=βi1*βi2*MCT number
(1)
Wherein,
βi=βi1*βi2
(4)
of the above formulae, βiFor comprehensive weighting systems, βi1As failure rate factor, βi2To design the characteristic coefficients, MCT numberFor the individual time of the system, MCTiFor the average repair time of each LRU,for each LRU fault rate average, λ, of the systemiFor each LRU failure rate, kiFor the maintainability weighting factor of the ith of the LRU,averaging maintainability weighting factors for each LRU of the system;
in the integrated weighting factors, the failure rate and the position of the design characteristics are independent and equally important, and the weight of the design characteristics is obtained by integrating the weighting factors. Although the design factors are different among the LRUs, the difference of the weighting coefficients of the design characteristics among the LRUs is an order of magnitude. And the difference in weighting coefficients for the failure rates varies greatly with the failure rate of the LRU. When the difference of the weighting coefficients of the failure rates reaches more than two orders of magnitude, which causes too large dependence on the failure rate, the system maintainability index distribution is basically determined by the failure rate of the LRU. Resulting in assignment results that deviate significantly from the outfield evaluation results;
to this end, the present invention provides a weighting factor β for the synthesisiMake a revision of
Namely, it is
When the fault rate difference between the LRUs is large, the distribution result only reflects the requirement of the maintenance capacity of each LRU, and does not really reflect the maintenance capacity which each LRU can have. To emphasize the maintainability of each LRU, the characteristic coefficient of LRU design is enhanced, therefore, the LRU is usedSubstitutionThe corrected integrated weighting coefficients
Taking the part of 0 < a < 1 under the condition of not changing the monotonicity of the function, the formula (6) is represented as follows:
further, a value-taking principle of a is established through a numerical simulation calculation method, and specifically (a ratio R of a maximum value to a minimum value of fault rates in each type of LRU is set):
when R is more than or equal to 1 and less than 10, a is 0.01;
when R is more than or equal to 10 and less than 100, a is 0.001;
when R is more than or equal to 100 and less than 1000, a is 0.0001;
when R is more than or equal to 1000 and less than 10000, a is 0.00001.
In the technical scheme, the provided maintenance distribution method based on the maintenance activities and the correction weighting coefficients can enable the distribution result to be closer to the external field evaluation result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for maintainability distribution based on a combined weight factor of maintenance activities and corrections according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the result of the distribution of maintainability indicators for a system.
FIG. 3 is a functional hierarchy diagram of a system.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for assigning maintainability based on a combined weighting factor for maintenance activities and corrections according to the present invention.
For the above maintainability allocation method, a specific example is given below:
a certain system is composed of 9 LRUs such as RI-1, RI-2, RI-3, RI-4, RI-5, RI-6, RI-7, RI-8 and RI-9, and the function level is shown in FIG. 3. The failure rate of each LRU is detailed in fig. 2. The design characteristics of the system are known, and the average repair time of the maintainability index is 50 min. Firstly, according to engineering experience, the universal time M in the maintenance activity is determinedCT (computed tomography) apparatus20 min. The individual time is then:
MCT number=MCT-MCT (computed tomography) apparatus=50-20=30min
According toCalculating the modified weighting factor of each LRU, the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the fault rate of each LRU in FIG. 2:therefore, a is 0.001. The calculation results are filled in fig. 2. According to the formulaCalculating the average repair time M of each LRUCTiThe results are shown in FIG. 2.
Checking whether the distributed average repair time of the system meets the requirement according to the following formula:
the distribution result is less than the required maintainability index value for 30min, in the actual engineering, the rationality and feasibility of design technology, cost, maintenance resource and the like are comprehensively considered, the distribution result is small and can bring certain difficulty to the design, so on the premise of meeting the whole maintainability index of the system, the maintenance distribution is reasonable and feasible according to the formulaThe allocation result is adjusted and the adjusted result is recorded in fig. 2.
Claims (7)
1. A maintainability distribution method based on maintenance activities and correction weighting coefficients is characterized in that: the maintenance time of the system is divided into general maintenance time and individual maintenance time from the maintenance activity perspective, and a maintainability distribution method is provided by correcting the weight of the fault rate in the distribution model, so that the difference between the distribution result and the actual maintenance time is corrected.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the universal maintenance time is related to the position of the equipment where the equipment is located, is determined by the structural design characteristics of the equipment, and is determined by the master unit, and comprises the time required for preparation, access and reassembly.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the individual maintenance time is determined by the design of the equipment, and comprises the time required by fault diagnosis, replacement, adjustment and inspection.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the maintenance allocation method comprises the specific steps of,
step 1: determining a personalized time MCT number;
And step 3: the model is determined and the model is determined,
obtaining the individual time M according to the step 1CT numberStep 2, obtaining the corrected integrated weighting coefficientCalculating the average repair time M of the LRU (line replaceable unit) according to the corrected comprehensive weighting coefficientCTiIs assigned the model MCTi=(β'i)*MCT number;
And 4, step 4: the verification and the adjustment are carried out,
i.e. the average repair time M established according to step 3CTiThe individual time MCT numberEach LRU is assigned to detect individual time in the assigned system according to the following formulaWhether the requirements are met or not is judged,
λifor the failure rate of each of the LRUs,if yes, the distributed system individual time is similar to the required value, if yes, the system individual time is similar to the required valueIf not, the distribution result of each LRU needs to be adjusted, and the calculation formula of the adjustment is And allocating the result for each adjusted LRU.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: in the maintainability distribution method step, the individual time MCT numberThe determination method comprises the following steps:
MCT (computed tomography) apparatus=MP+MD+MR
MCT number=MCT-MCT (computed tomography) apparatus
Wherein M isPFor preparation time, MDTo approach time, MRFor reassembly time.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: in the maintainability distribution method, the corrected comprehensive weighting coefficient is determinedThe specific method comprises the following steps:
the commonly used maintainability distribution method is a comprehensive weighted distribution method according to the failure rate and design characteristics in the state army standard, and M of the average repair time of each LRU of the systemCTiThe distribution model is
in the above formula, βiTo synthesizeWeighting system, βi1As failure rate factor, βi2To design the characteristic coefficients, MCT numberFor the individual time of the system, MCTiFor the average repair time of each LRU,for each LRU fault rate average, λ, of the systemiFor each LRU failure rate, kiFor the maintainability weighting factor of the ith of the LRU,averaging maintainability weighting factors for each LRU of the system;
in the comprehensive weighting factor, the failure rate and the position of the design characteristic are independent and equally important, and the weight of the design characteristic is obtained by synthesizing the weighting factors. Although the design factors are different among the LRUs, the difference of the weighting coefficients of the design characteristics among the LRUs is an order of magnitude. And the difference in weighting coefficients for the failure rates varies greatly with the failure rate of the LRU. When the difference of the weighting coefficients of the failure rates reaches more than two orders of magnitude, which causes too large dependence on the failure rate, the system maintainability index distribution is basically determined by the failure rate of the LRU. Resulting in a severe deviation of the assignment result from the outfield evaluation result;
to this end, the present invention provides a weighting factor β for the synthesisiMake a revision of
Namely, it is
When the fault rate difference between the LRUs is large, the distribution result only reflects the requirement of the maintenance capacity of each LRU, and does not really reflect the maintenance capacity which each LRU can have. To emphasize the maintainability of each LRU, the characteristic coefficient of LRU design is enhanced, therefore, the LRU is usedSubstitutionThe corrected integrated weighting coefficients
Under the condition of not changing the monotonicity of the function, a part of 0 < a < 1 is taken, and the formula is expressed as follows:
7. the method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises: determining a modified composite weighting factorIn the method, the value-taking method of a is that a value-taking principle of a is established by a numerical simulation calculation method, and specifically (setting the ratio R of the maximum value to the minimum value of the fault rate in each type of LRU):
when R is more than or equal to 1 and less than 10, a is 0.01;
when R is more than or equal to 10 and less than 100, a is 0.001;
when R is more than or equal to 100 and less than 1000, a is 0.0001;
when R is more than or equal to 1000 and less than 10000, a is 0.00001.
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