CN111308285A - Narrow-band interference noise reduction method - Google Patents
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- CN111308285A CN111308285A CN202010137800.3A CN202010137800A CN111308285A CN 111308285 A CN111308285 A CN 111308285A CN 202010137800 A CN202010137800 A CN 202010137800A CN 111308285 A CN111308285 A CN 111308285A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0046—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof characterised by a specific application or detail not covered by any other subgroup of G01R19/00
- G01R19/0053—Noise discrimination; Analog sampling; Measuring transients
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Abstract
The invention discloses a narrow-band interference noise reduction method, which comprises the steps of S1, acquiring a noise-dyeing partial discharge signal of high-voltage electrical equipment, and carrying out frequency domain transformation and S time frequency transformation on the signal to respectively obtain a spectrogram and an S time frequency transformation spectrogram; s2, respectively intercepting the periodic narrow-band interference fragments on the spectrogram of the noise-dyed signal and the S time-frequency transformation spectrogram, and comparing the two periodic narrow-band interference fragments to determine all narrow-band interference frequencies existing in the noise-dyed partial discharge signal; s3, constructing a Hancel matrix for the noise-contaminated signals according to the determined narrowband interference frequency, performing singular value decomposition on the Hankel matrix, and then extracting the first 2n singular values to perform narrowband interference signal reconstruction to obtain narrowband interference signals; and S4, subtracting the reconstructed narrow-band interference signal from the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal to obtain a noise-reduced PD signal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of partial discharge signal detection, in particular to a narrow-band interference noise reduction method for a high-voltage electrical equipment operation site.
Background
High-voltage electrical equipment such as transformers, cables and the like are used as main transmission equipment in a power transmission system, and the operation state of the high-voltage electrical equipment directly influences the safety of the system. Whether the electrical equipment is insulated or not directly determines whether the electrical equipment can run safely and reliably. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the insulation system of electrical equipment is of great importance.
Partial discharge is used as a method for effectively detecting the insulation state of electrical equipment, and the method can reflect the severity of a cable fault and judge the fault type. However, partial discharge detection is often subject to interference from the field operating environment. The periodic narrow-band interference is high in occurrence frequency and often generates aliasing with the local discharge signal in a frequency domain range, so that the detection of the local discharge signal is greatly influenced. Therefore, it is crucial for suppression of periodic narrowband interference.
The existing methods for suppressing narrow-band interference mainly include fourier analysis, wavelet packet transform, etc., but all have partial discharge signal attenuation and distortion of different degrees, or have poor noise reduction effect. Therefore, how to realize the filtering of the narrow-band interference in the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal and simultaneously ensure that the height of the partial discharge signal is reduced to become the key problem and difficulty in the noise reduction of the narrow-band interference.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the narrow-band interference noise reduction method provided by the invention can effectively filter the narrow-band interference and simultaneously ensure that the partial discharge signal is not distorted.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a narrow-band interference noise reduction method is provided, and the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
s1, acquiring a noise-dyeing partial discharge signal of the high-voltage electrical equipment, and performing frequency domain transformation and S time-frequency transformation on the signal to respectively obtain a spectrogram and an S time-frequency transformation spectrogram;
s2, respectively intercepting the spectrogram of the noise-contaminated signal and the periodic narrow-band interference fragments on the S time-frequency transformation spectrogram, and comparing the two periodic narrow-band interference fragments to determine the number n of all narrow-band interference frequencies existing in the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal;
s3, constructing a Hancel matrix for the noise-contaminated signals according to the determined narrowband interference frequency, performing singular value decomposition on the Hankel matrix, and then extracting the first 2n singular values to perform narrowband interference signal reconstruction to obtain narrowband interference signals; and
and S4, subtracting the reconstructed narrow-band interference signal from the noise-dyeing partial discharge signal to obtain a noise-reduced PD signal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the noise reduction method of the scheme obtains the number of the narrow-band interference frequencies by processing the noise-dyed partial discharge signals, reconstructs the narrow-band interference signals based on the number of the narrow-band interference frequencies, and then subtracts the reconstructed narrow-band interference signals from the original noise-dyed partial discharge signals to filter the noise reduction signals of the narrow-band interference so as to obtain the PD signals without the narrow-band interference.
When the method of the scheme is adopted to realize noise reduction, effective filtering can be realized regardless of the magnitude of narrow-band interference amplitude, effective partial discharge signal components can be accurately reserved, and signals are hardly influenced; compared with various filters based on Fourier transform and wavelet packet transform principles, the scheme has the advantages that narrow-band interference signals are filtered more thoroughly, and meanwhile effective partial discharge signals are highly restored.
When the method is used, the method can be suitable for the occasion of separating the narrow-band interference frequency from the partial discharge signal, and can effectively reduce noise under the condition that the narrow-band interference frequency and the partial discharge signal frequency are mixed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a narrowband interference noise reduction method according to this embodiment.
Fig. 2 is an ideal partial discharge signal constructed based on conducted tests.
Fig. 3 is a narrowband interfering signal constructed for conducting testing.
Fig. 4 is sample data of an ideal partial discharge signal superimposed with a constructed narrowband interference signal.
Fig. 5 illustrates noise reduction filtering data obtained by using fourier transform threshold denoising in the prior art.
Fig. 6 shows noise reduction filtering data obtained by wavelet transform in the prior art.
Fig. 7 shows denoising filter data obtained by combining integrated empirical mode decomposition and wavelet transform in the prior art.
FIG. 8 is a S-time transform spectrum obtained based on the signal of FIG. 4.
Fig. 9 is a graph of the FFT spectrum obtained based on the signal of fig. 4.
FIG. 10 shows denoising filter data obtained by the method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a section of partial discharge signal data actually measured on a defective cable terminal by using a high-frequency pulse current sensor in an ideal laboratory environment, where a corresponding oscillation attenuation wave in the partial discharge signal data is the actually measured partial discharge signal.
Fig. 12 is a comparison graph before and after denoising using the present invention after superimposing narrowband interference on an actual measurement partial discharge signal in a laboratory environment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a narrowband interference noise reduction method of the present scheme; as shown in fig. 1, the method S includes steps S1 to S4.
In step S1, acquiring a noise-staining partial discharge signal of the high-voltage electrical device, and performing frequency domain transformation and S-time frequency transformation on the signal to obtain a spectrogram and an S-time frequency transformation spectrogram respectively;
in step S2, the spectrogram of the noise-contaminated signal and the periodic narrowband interference segments on the S-time frequency transform spectrogram are respectively intercepted, and the two periodic narrowband interference segments are compared to determine all narrowband interference frequencies existing in the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal.
In implementation, the method for optimizing the narrow-band interference noise reduction further comprises the step of acquiring the frequency of the periodic narrow-band interference signal in the S time-frequency transform map by adopting a regional maximum energy method;
when the narrow-band interference frequency exists in the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal, all the narrow-band interference frequencies existing in the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal are determined based on the frequencies of the two periodic narrow-band interference signals.
The introduction of the region maximum energy method in the scheme can convert the narrow-band interference frequency segments in the S time-frequency conversion map into point values, and when two periodic narrow-band interference signals are compared, the point values are converted into point values to be compared with the point values, so that the accuracy of determining the narrow-band interference frequency can be improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step S2 further includes:
dividing an S time frequency transformation spectrogram into k frequency band intervals according to the distribution of narrow-band interference frequencies and amplitudes (according to the characteristics that the narrow-band interference frequencies are concentrated, the amplitudes are large and are distributed over the whole time domain, and the concentrated frequency band is used as a division basis), wherein the k frequency band intervals form periodic narrow-band interference segments of the S time frequency transformation spectrogram;
extracting m frequency intervals in a frequency set in the spectrogram, wherein the m frequency intervals form a periodic narrow-band interference segment of the spectrogram; since the frequency values corresponding to the respective intervals can be visually observed on the map, the frequency intervals can be directly divided based on the frequency values.
And carrying out one-to-one correspondence on k frequency band intervals in the S time frequency transformation spectrum and m frequency intervals in the frequency spectrogram, and marking intervals with consistent frequency values of the intervals in the two spectrums as narrow-band interference frequencies.
In step S3, according to the determined narrowband interference frequency, a Hancel matrix is constructed for the noise-contaminated signal, singular value decomposition is performed on the Hankel matrix, and then the first 2n singular values are extracted for narrowband interference signal reconstruction to obtain a narrowband interference signal;
the equation in which the matrix is subjected to singular value decomposition is a ═ USVTWherein A is a Hankel matrix; u and V are both orthogonal matrices; s is a diagonal matrix; vTIs the transpose of matrix V.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step S3 further includes:
performing singular value decomposition on the Hankel matrix A to obtain a diagonal matrix S, wherein diagonal elements of the diagonal matrix S are nonzero, the other elements are zero, and the diagonal elements are singular values of the Hankel matrix A and are arranged from large to small;
and extracting the first 2n diagonal elements of the diagonal matrix S, and reconstructing to obtain the narrow-band interference signal.
In step S4, the reconstructed narrowband interference signal is subtracted from the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal to obtain a noise-reduced PD signal.
In order to better filter the narrow-band interference in the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal, the scheme further includes obtaining a time domain signal of the reconstructed narrow-band interference signal, and subtracting the time domain signal of the narrow-band interference signal from the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal to obtain a noise-reduced PD signal.
The following describes the effect of the method provided by the present invention in filtering out narrowband interference with reference to a specific example:
a specific embodiment is constructed, firstly, an ideal partial discharge signal is obtained through simulation, and the ideal partial discharge signal is as shown in fig. 2 and is constructed by adopting two single exponential damped oscillation functions with different frequencies and attenuation coefficients and two double exponential damped oscillation functions with different frequencies and attenuation coefficients; then, a narrow-band interference signal is constructed, as shown in fig. 3, the signal is constructed by adopting 5 sinusoidal signals with different frequencies, the frequency is as low as 0.5MHz and as high as 7MHz, a larger frequency range is selected and the frequency and the partial discharge signal frequency are mixed, and a larger frequency range is selected and the frequency and the partial discharge signal frequency are mixed, so that the superior performance of the invention can be highlighted; and then, superposing the ideal partial discharge signal and the constructed narrow-band interference signal to obtain sample data as shown in fig. 4.
The narrow-band interference noise reduction method, the existing Fourier transform threshold denoising, the wavelet transform and the combined technology of the integrated empirical mode decomposition and the wavelet transform are adopted to carry out noise reduction processing on the constructed sample data; the denoising filter data obtained by using the fourier transform threshold denoising is shown in fig. 5, the denoising filter data obtained by using the wavelet transform is shown in fig. 6, and the denoising filter data obtained by using the combination of the integrated empirical mode decomposition and the wavelet transform is shown in fig. 7.
In the processing process of the narrow-band interference noise reduction method, an obtained S time frequency transformation spectrogram is shown in fig. 8, an obtained FFT spectrogram is shown in fig. 9, and finally obtained noise reduction filtering data is shown in fig. 10.
By comparing fig. 5 to fig. 7 with fig. 10 obtained in the present application, it is found that the narrowband interference noise reduction method of the present invention has a better filtering effect than the existing fourier transform threshold denoising, wavelet transform, integrated empirical mode decomposition and wavelet transform combined technology, and the interference signal is filtered more thoroughly, and the partial discharge signal is highly restored.
Then, the method is applied to an actual engineering case for denoising, and a section of partial discharge signal data actually measured on a defective cable terminal by using a high-frequency pulse current sensor under an ideal laboratory environment is obtained, wherein the section of partial discharge signal data is shown in fig. 11, and a corresponding oscillation attenuation wave in the drawing is an actually measured partial discharge signal. A comparison graph before and after denoising by using the method of the present invention after superimposing narrowband interference on an actual measurement partial discharge signal in a laboratory environment is shown in fig. 12.
As can be seen from fig. 12, the narrowband interference in the noise-contaminated signal is completely filtered, and meanwhile, the effective partial discharge signal component is retained, and the signal is hardly affected.
Claims (6)
1. A method for narrow-band interference noise reduction, comprising:
s1, acquiring a noise-dyeing partial discharge signal of the high-voltage electrical equipment, and performing frequency domain transformation and S time-frequency transformation on the signal to respectively obtain a spectrogram and an S time-frequency transformation spectrogram;
s2, respectively intercepting the spectrogram of the noise-dyed signal and the periodic narrow-band interference fragments on the S time-frequency transformation spectrogram, and comparing the two periodic narrow-band interference fragments to determine all narrow-band interference frequencies existing in the noise-dyed partial discharge signal;
s3, constructing a Hancel matrix for the noise-contaminated signals according to the determined narrowband interference frequency, performing singular value decomposition on the Hankel matrix, and then extracting the first 2n singular values to perform narrowband interference signal reconstruction to obtain narrowband interference signals;
and S4, subtracting the reconstructed narrow-band interference signal from the noise-dyeing partial discharge signal to obtain a noise-reduced PD signal.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising obtaining the frequency of the periodic narrowband interference signal in the S-time frequency transform spectrum by using a regional maximum energy method;
when the narrow-band interference frequency exists in the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal, all the narrow-band interference frequencies existing in the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal are determined based on the frequencies of the two periodic narrow-band interference signals.
3. The narrowband interference noise reduction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step S2 further comprises:
dividing the S time frequency transformation spectrogram into k frequency band intervals according to the distribution of the narrow-band interference frequency and the amplitude, wherein the k frequency band intervals form periodic narrow-band interference segments of the S time frequency transformation spectrogram;
extracting m frequency intervals in a frequency set in the spectrogram, wherein the m frequency intervals form a periodic narrow-band interference segment of the spectrogram;
and carrying out one-to-one correspondence on k frequency band intervals in the S time frequency transformation spectrum and m frequency intervals in the frequency spectrogram, and marking intervals with consistent frequency values of the intervals in the two spectrums as narrow-band interference frequencies.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the matrix is subjected to equations of singular value decompositionIs A ═ USVTWherein A is a Hankel matrix; u and V are both orthogonal matrices; s is a diagonal matrix; vTIs the transpose of matrix V.
5. The narrowband interference noise reduction method according to claim 4, wherein the step S3 further comprises:
performing singular value decomposition on the Hankel matrix A to obtain a diagonal matrix S, wherein diagonal elements of the diagonal matrix S are nonzero, the other elements are zero, and the diagonal elements are singular values of the Hankel matrix A and are arranged in a descending order;
and extracting the first 2n diagonal elements of the diagonal matrix S, and reconstructing to obtain the narrow-band interference signal.
6. The narrowband interference noise reduction method according to claim 1, 4 or 5, further comprising obtaining a time domain signal of the reconstructed narrowband interference signal, and subtracting the time domain signal of the narrowband interference signal from the noise-contaminated partial discharge signal to obtain the noise-reduced PD signal.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN111999607A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-27 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司广州局 | Method and device for separating partial discharge narrow-band interference blind source under single-channel signal |
| CN113777449A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-10 | 云南电网有限责任公司昆明供电局 | Cable partial discharge narrow-band interference suppression method based on improved SVD algorithm |
| CN114113933A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-01 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Partial discharge signal filtering method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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| CN117932231A (en) * | 2024-03-21 | 2024-04-26 | 百脉英华科技有限公司 | Sensor-based intelligent positioning method and system for multi-source partial discharge of high-voltage cable |
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| CN111999607A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-27 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司广州局 | Method and device for separating partial discharge narrow-band interference blind source under single-channel signal |
| CN111999607B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-08-20 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司广州局 | Method and device for separating partial discharge narrow-band interference blind source under single-channel signal |
| CN113777449A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-10 | 云南电网有限责任公司昆明供电局 | Cable partial discharge narrow-band interference suppression method based on improved SVD algorithm |
| CN114113933A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-01 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Partial discharge signal filtering method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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| CN114861722A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-05 | 国网四川省电力公司成都供电公司 | Partial discharge narrow-band interference suppression method based on time-frequency spectrogram separation |
| CN117932231A (en) * | 2024-03-21 | 2024-04-26 | 百脉英华科技有限公司 | Sensor-based intelligent positioning method and system for multi-source partial discharge of high-voltage cable |
| CN117932231B (en) * | 2024-03-21 | 2024-05-31 | 百脉英华科技有限公司 | Sensor-based intelligent positioning method and system for multi-source partial discharge of high-voltage cable |
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