CN111308224A - Signal flatness compensation method of radio astronomical receiver and radio astronomical receiver - Google Patents
Signal flatness compensation method of radio astronomical receiver and radio astronomical receiver Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present disclosure discloses a signal flatness compensation method for a radio astronomical receiver and a radio astronomical receiver, including: the radio astronomical receiver receives a radio frequency signal generated by a signal source; sequentially carrying out amplification filtering processing and digitization processing on the radio frequency signals to obtain processed signals; and the influence of stable unevenness on the signals after digital processing is eliminated, and the influence of random unevenness is reduced, so that the compensation of the radio astronomical receiver on the signal flatness is realized. Aiming at the problem that the solar radio observation system has larger signal response difference to the same power and different frequencies, a signal flatness compensation method based on real-time compensation of back-end software is provided, and the problem of uneven signals of the solar radio observation system is specially solved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of signal flatness compensation technologies, and in particular, to a signal flatness compensation method for a radio astronomical receiver and a radio astronomical receiver.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
The solar radio observation system is an indispensable instrument for researching solar radio, wherein the broadband solar radio observation system is an important component of the solar radio observation system, the bandwidth observed by the broadband solar radio observation system can reach several GHz with the progress of science and technology, the broadband solar radio observation system can observe the change rule of radio phenomena in different frequencies, but inevitably, because the response of a simulation front end to received signals is inconsistent, even signals with the same power are caused, the power shown after the signals are processed by the system due to different frequencies is different, the measurement result of the system is distorted, and the subsequent data processing is not facilitated. This requires some method to compensate for the flatness of the signal.
The flatness compensation of the current digital receiver is widely researched in the technical field of communication, but the defects that the flatness compensation bandwidth is narrow, the flatness compensation mode is complex, and the flatness compensation method is not suitable for the application of a radio telescope system exist. The current signal flatness compensation method comprises a FIR filter with complex coefficients designed in a digital domain and a method for compensating a fitting system gain by a digital filter.
Gain flatness compensation method for a transceiver (CN 105591656B) the present disclosure discloses a gain flatness compensation method for a transceiver. The gain flatness compensation method of the receiver comprises the following steps that a, signals received by an ADC are converted into IQ signals of zero intermediate frequency; b. the signal generator sends a single-tone signal at fs/N frequency intervals, and the power Pn of each frequency point is calculated in a digital domain; wherein fs is the sampling frequency of the digital signal, and N is an integer power of 2; c. calculating the gain flatness in the whole fs bandwidth by taking the power of the central frequency point as a reference to obtain a sequence Pn'; d. adding phase information to Pn' to construct a complex sequence Xn of N points; e. performing IFFT operation of N points on Xn to obtain a result Yn; f. an N-order complex FIR filter is constructed in the digital domain, Yn is used as the coefficient of the FIR filter, the IQ signal is filtered, and the result is the received data after the gain flatness compensation. Compared with the prior art, the method can accurately compensate the gain flatness of the transceiver, the signal generator and the spectrum analyzer are controlled through software, the compensation of the gain flatness can be automatically completed through one-time testing, and the method is simple and convenient.
A receiving channel broadband compensation calibration method (CN 103841066B) is disclosed, a signal meeting the requirement is generated by a signal source end and sent to a receiver needing compensation calibration, and after the receiver receives the signal, amplitude distortion and phase linear distortion data are obtained, so that reverse compensation is carried out. According to the method, the FIR filter in the baseband carries out channel distortion compensation and correction through a compensation algorithm, so that the amplitude flatness in a channel is ensured to be within 0.05dB, and the phase linearity distortion is ensured to be within 0.1 degree. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device have high calibration precision, do not require the received group delay and are not sensitive.
In the course of implementing the present disclosure, the inventors found that the following technical problems exist in the prior art:
current receiver signal flatness compensation is around designing specific FIR filters to compensate for amplitude and phase information, but does not address the problem of conveniently and quickly compensating for amplitude non-flatness in receivers with wide bandwidths, especially in the GHz range. At present, the method of designing the FIR filter needs to test the power of each frequency point and then perform IFFT transformation, and when the frequency points are very many, that is, the bandwidth is wide, the amount of calculation increases. In addition, according to the special application background of radio astronomy, the current flatness compensation method cannot meet the high requirement of real-time observation processing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present disclosure provides a signal flatness compensation method of a radio astronomical receiver and a radio astronomical receiver; aiming at the problem that the solar radio observation system has larger signal response difference to the same power and different frequencies, a signal flatness compensation method based on real-time compensation of back-end software is provided, and the problem of uneven signals of the solar radio observation system is specially solved.
In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a signal flatness compensation method for a radio astronomical receiver;
the signal flatness compensation method of the radio astronomical receiver comprises the following steps:
the radio astronomical receiver receives a radio frequency signal generated by a signal source;
sequentially carrying out amplification filtering processing and digitization processing on the radio frequency signals to obtain processed signals;
and the influence of stable unevenness on the signals after digital processing is eliminated, and the influence of random unevenness is reduced, so that the compensation of the radio astronomical receiver on the signal flatness is realized.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure also provides a radio astronomical receiver.
A radio astronomical receiver comprising:
the analog front end receives a radio frequency signal generated by a signal source; sequentially amplifying and filtering the radio frequency signals;
the analog-to-digital converter ADC is used for carrying out digital processing on the amplified and filtered signals;
a digital signal processing module configured to: and the influence of stable unevenness on the signals after digital processing is eliminated, and the influence of random unevenness is reduced, so that the compensation of the radio astronomical receiver on the signal flatness is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
1. the method mainly embodies adaptability, and provides a signal flatness compensation method aiming at signal unevenness caused by a receiver device in radio astronomical observation; the method eliminates the influence of stable unevenness, reduces the influence of random unevenness, compensates the signal flatness, does not need to be calibrated by a signal source in later application under the condition of not changing a receiver system, and can ensure the signal flatness to be in a required range only by controlling the integral number through upper computer software.
2. The signal source in this disclosure should satisfy that signal amplitude is stable enough at the single frequency point of production, and stable fast enough when different frequency points switch, and the signal is flat in the radio frequency signal bandwidth of production itself.
3. The system can solve the problems in a targeted manner, saves resources, and is low in cost and simple in technology.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a signal flatness compensation system architecture diagram of a radio astronomical receiver of the first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an amplitude response model obtained after the receiver passes through the first embodiment;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of the first embodiment for removing the effect of time-varying random unevenness in a receiver system.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a first embodiment, the present embodiment provides a signal flatness compensation method for a radio astronomical receiver;
the signal flatness compensation method of the radio astronomical receiver comprises the following steps:
s1: the radio astronomical receiver receives a radio frequency signal generated by a signal source;
s2: sequentially carrying out amplification filtering processing and digitization processing on the radio frequency signals to obtain processed signals;
s3: and the influence of stable unevenness on the signals after digital processing is eliminated, and the influence of random unevenness is reduced, so that the compensation of the radio astronomical receiver on the signal flatness is realized.
As one or more embodiments, in S1, the receiving, by the radio astronomical receiver, the radio frequency signal generated by the signal source is:
the radio astronomical receiver receives radio frequency signals which are generated by a signal source and have equal amplitude and frequency change; suppose the RF power of the RF signal is PinThe frequency is stepped by fs/N; wherein fs is the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and N is an integer power of 2.
As one or more embodiments, in S2, the radio frequency signal is sequentially subjected to amplification, filtering, and digitization to obtain a processed signal, and the response power and the radio frequency power at any frequency point both have a relational expression:
Pin＝Pout+S+Δ(t)； (1)
wherein, PinIs the radio frequency power, P, of the radio frequency signaloutAmplifying, filtering and digitizing the radio frequency signals by a receiver to obtain the corresponding response power of each frequency point; s is the influence of stable unevenness brought by the receiver through amplification filtering, and delta (t) represents the influence of random unevenness brought by the receiver through amplification filtering and changing along with time.
According to the formula (1), a coarse compensation value S + delta (t) is obtained for each frequency point, and a coarse compensation curve is obtained in a frequency band.
As one or more embodiments, in S3, the stabilizing unevenness effect is eliminated from the digitized signal; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s301: integrating any frequency point for n times; obtaining:
nPin＝nPout+nS+(Δ1(t)+Δ2(t)+......+Δn(t))； (1)
wherein n represents the number of integrations, and n is a positive integer.
S302: judging whether nS + (delta 1(t) + delta 2(t) +.. multidot. + delta n (t)) is larger than a set threshold value or not;
if the value is larger than the set threshold value, adding 1 to n, and returning to S301;
if the value is less than or equal to the set threshold, the nS + (delta 1(t) + delta 2(t) +.. the.. times. + delta n (t)) is called a fine compensation value;
s303: processing all the frequency points by utilizing the steps from S301 to S302 to obtain the fine compensation value of each frequency point and the integral times of the fine compensation value obtained by each frequency point;
s304: based on the integration times of the fine compensation value obtained by each frequency point, restoring the fine compensation value of each frequency point to obtain a stable uneven influence S caused by the radio astronomical receiver after amplification and filtering;
s305: and subtracting the corresponding stable and uneven influence S from the radio frequency signal of each frequency point, namely eliminating the stable and uneven influence S.
As one or more embodiments, in S3, reducing the random unevenness effect; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s311: after the influence S of stable unevenness caused by amplification and filtering processing of the radio astronomical receiver is eliminated, the radio astronomical receiver normally operates, and a new radio frequency signal which is generated by a signal source and has fs/N stepping amplitude and equal frequency change is received again;
s312: the radio astronomical receiver sequentially performs amplification filtering processing and digitization processing on the new radio frequency signal to obtain amplitude response after S compensation;
obtaining the maximum fluctuation of amplitude response in a set range, and evaluating the range of random uneven influence caused by amplification filtering processing of a receiver along with time through the maximum fluctuation;
according to the error analysis theory, the random unevenness satisfies the Gaussian distribution, and the integration times of the fine compensation value obtained by increasing each frequency point is increased again to reduce the range of the influence of the random unevenness, so that the receiver finally reflects the real amplitude of the input signal and compensates the signal flatness of the receiver.
It should be understood that the amplitude response refers to the relationship between the amplitude and the frequency of the output signal, and a signal processed by the receiver will obtain an output signal at the output end, and the relationship between the amplitude and the frequency of the output signal, i.e. the amplitude response, will be obtained because the signal has a certain bandwidth, i.e. a plurality of frequencies, and each frequency has an amplitude.
The signal flatness compensation method comprises the following specific implementation modes:
as shown in fig. 1, the radio astronomical receiver comprises an analog front end, an analog-to-digital converter ADC and a digital signal processing part. The receiver firstly amplifies and filters the analog signal and then sends the analog signal to the ADC for digitalization, because the analog front end is difficult to amplify each frequency point with the same effect, the signal is uneven, and in addition, because the whole system is influenced by the change of the external temperature environment and the like, each device can introduce a small part of random interference to influence the signal flatness.
The present disclosure primarily compensates for signal flatness in the digital processing section through a test algorithm. The signal source generates a radio frequency signal P with constant amplitudeinThe quantized minimum frequency fs/N after the digitalization of the receiver is stepped, and the response power P of each frequency point is obtained after the input of the minimum frequency fs/N to the receiveroutWherein fs is the ADC sampling frequency and N is an integer power of 2.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an amplitude response model obtained after the receiver passes through. The response power and the radio frequency power of any frequency point have a relation:
Pin＝Pout+S+Δ(t)；
wherein S is a steady unevenness effect brought by the analog front end of the receiver system, and Δ (t) represents a random unevenness effect in the receiver system that changes with time.
A coarse compensation value S + Δ (t) is available for each frequency point, and since Δ (t) exists, which results in unpredictable variation of the compensation value with time, it is necessary to design a test algorithm to remove the influence of Δ (t), and the logic diagram of the algorithm is shown in fig. 3:
integrating the receiver system for a period of time to obtain:
n Pin＝nPout+nS+(Δ1(t)+Δ2(t)+……+Δn(t))；
where n is the number of integrations.
And judging the rough compensation value obtained by multiple times of integration through a threshold value, wherein the threshold value is determined by expected performance and is adjustable by software, the difference between the average value after the n +1 times of accumulation and the average value after the n times of accumulation is compared with a set threshold value, if the threshold value is met, the compensation value is called as a fine compensation value, and if the threshold value condition is not met, the integration times are continuously increased.
And carrying out integral-threshold processing on all frequency points in the frequency band to obtain a fine compensation value of each frequency point, and restoring to obtain a stable uneven influence S brought by the analog front end of the receiver system according to the integral times.
After the stable uneven influence brought by the analog front end of the receiver system is eliminated by compensating the value, a signal source is used for generating fs/N stepped radio frequency signals with equal amplitude and frequency change, the amplitude response after S compensation is obtained through the processing of the receiver, the degree of the random uneven influence changing along with time in the receiver system is evaluated through the amplitude response, the setting of the integral times is adjusted according to application requirements to reduce the random uneven influence, so that the receiver system can well reflect the real amplitude of an input signal, and the flatness of the signal of the receiver is effectively compensated.
The second embodiment also provides a radio astronomical receiver;
a radio astronomical receiver comprising:
the analog front end receives a radio frequency signal generated by a signal source; sequentially amplifying and filtering the radio frequency signals;
the analog-to-digital converter ADC is used for carrying out digital processing on the amplified and filtered signals;
a digital signal processing module configured to: and the influence of stable unevenness on the signals after digital processing is eliminated, and the influence of random unevenness is reduced, so that the compensation of the radio astronomical receiver on the signal flatness is realized.
As one or more embodiments, the digital signal processing module; the method comprises the following steps:
an integration unit configured to: integrating any frequency point for n times; obtaining:
nPin＝nPout+nS+(Δ1(t)+Δ2(t)+......+Δn(t))； (1)
wherein n represents the number of integrations, and n is a positive integer.
A determination unit configured to: judging whether nS + (delta 1(t) + delta 2(t) +.. multidot. + delta n (t)) is larger than a set threshold value or not;
if the n is larger than the set threshold, adding 1 to n, and returning to the integration unit;
if the value is less than or equal to the set threshold, the nS + (delta 1(t) + delta 2(t) +.. the.. times. + delta n (t)) is called a fine compensation value;
a frequency point processing unit configured to: processing all the frequency points by using an integration unit and a judgment unit to obtain a fine compensation value of each frequency point and the integration times of each frequency point for obtaining the fine compensation value;
a reduction unit configured to: based on the integration times of the fine compensation value obtained by each frequency point, restoring the fine compensation value of each frequency point to obtain a stable uneven influence S caused by the radio astronomical receiver after amplification and filtering;
a cancellation unit configured to: and subtracting the corresponding stable and uneven influence S from the radio frequency signal of each frequency point, namely eliminating the stable and uneven influence S.
As one or more embodiments, the digital signal processing module; further comprising:
a receiving unit configured to: after the influence S of stable unevenness caused by amplification and filtering processing of the radio astronomical receiver is eliminated, the radio astronomical receiver normally operates, and a new radio frequency signal which is generated by a signal source and has fs/N stepping amplitude and equal frequency change is received again;
a processing unit configured to: the radio astronomical receiver sequentially performs amplification filtering processing and digitization processing on the new radio frequency signal to obtain amplitude response after S compensation;
obtaining the maximum fluctuation of amplitude response in a set range, and evaluating the range of random uneven influence caused by amplification filtering processing of a receiver along with time through the maximum fluctuation;
according to the error analysis theory, the random unevenness satisfies the Gaussian distribution, and the integration times of the fine compensation value obtained by increasing each frequency point is increased again to reduce the range of the influence of the random unevenness, so that the receiver finally reflects the real amplitude of the input signal and compensates the signal flatness of the receiver.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The signal flatness compensation method of the radio astronomical receiver is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the radio astronomical receiver receives a radio frequency signal generated by a signal source;
sequentially carrying out amplification filtering processing and digitization processing on the radio frequency signals to obtain processed signals;
and the influence of stable unevenness on the signals after digital processing is eliminated, and the influence of random unevenness is reduced, so that the compensation of the radio astronomical receiver on the signal flatness is realized.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the radio astronomical receiver receives radio frequency signals generated by a signal source by:
the radio astronomical receiver receives radio frequency signals which are generated by a signal source and have equal amplitude and frequency change; suppose the RF power of the RF signal is PinThe frequency is stepped by fs/N; wherein fs is the sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and N is an integer power of 2.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radio frequency signal is sequentially subjected to amplification filtering processing and digitization processing to obtain a processed signal, and the response power and the radio frequency power of any frequency point have a relation:
Pin＝Pout+S+Δ(t)； (1)
wherein, PinIs the radio frequency power, P, of the radio frequency signaloutAmplifying, filtering and digitizing the radio frequency signals by a receiver to obtain the corresponding response power of each frequency point; s is the influence of stable unevenness brought by the receiver through amplification filtering, and delta (t) represents the influence of random unevenness brought by the receiver through amplification filtering and changing along with time.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that for each frequency point a coarse compensation value S + Δ (t) is obtained according to equation (1), and a coarse compensation curve is obtained in the frequency band.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the digitized signal is free of stationary unevenness effects; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s301: integrating any frequency point for n times; obtaining:
nPin＝nPout+nS+(Δ1(t)+Δ2(t)+......+Δn(t))； (1)
wherein n represents the number of integrations, and n is a positive integer;
s302: judging whether nS + (delta 1(t) + delta 2(t) +.. multidot. + delta n (t)) is larger than a set threshold value or not;
if the value is larger than the set threshold value, adding 1 to n, and returning to S301;
if the value is less than or equal to the set threshold, the nS + (delta 1(t) + delta 2(t) +.. the.. times. + delta n (t)) is called a fine compensation value;
s303: processing all the frequency points by utilizing the steps from S301 to S302 to obtain the fine compensation value of each frequency point and the integral times of the fine compensation value obtained by each frequency point;
s304: based on the integration times of the fine compensation value obtained by each frequency point, restoring the fine compensation value of each frequency point to obtain a stable uneven influence S caused by the radio astronomical receiver after amplification and filtering;
s305: and subtracting the corresponding stable and uneven influence S from the radio frequency signal of each frequency point, namely eliminating the stable and uneven influence S.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein random unevenness effects are reduced; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s311: after the influence S of stable unevenness caused by amplification and filtering processing of the radio astronomical receiver is eliminated, the radio astronomical receiver normally operates, and a new radio frequency signal which is generated by a signal source and has fs/N stepping amplitude and equal frequency change is received again;
s312: the radio astronomical receiver sequentially performs amplification filtering processing and digitization processing on the new radio frequency signal to obtain amplitude response after S compensation;
obtaining the maximum fluctuation of amplitude response in a set range, and evaluating the range of random uneven influence caused by amplification filtering processing of a receiver along with time through the maximum fluctuation;
according to the error analysis theory, the random unevenness satisfies the Gaussian distribution, and the integration times of the fine compensation value obtained by increasing each frequency point is increased again to reduce the range of the influence of the random unevenness, so that the receiver finally reflects the real amplitude of the input signal and compensates the signal flatness of the receiver.
7. A radio astronomical receiver, comprising:
the analog front end receives a radio frequency signal generated by a signal source; sequentially amplifying and filtering the radio frequency signals;
the analog-to-digital converter ADC is used for carrying out digital processing on the amplified and filtered signals;
a digital signal processing module configured to: and the influence of stable unevenness on the signals after digital processing is eliminated, and the influence of random unevenness is reduced, so that the compensation of the radio astronomical receiver on the signal flatness is realized.
8. The radio astronomical receiver of claim 7, wherein said digital signal processing module; the method comprises the following steps:
an integration unit configured to: integrating any frequency point for n times;
a determination unit configured to: judging whether the integral result is larger than a set threshold value or not;
if the n is larger than the set threshold, adding 1 to n, and returning to the integration unit;
if the integral value is less than or equal to the set threshold value, the integral result is called a fine compensation value;
a frequency point processing unit configured to: processing all the frequency points by using an integration unit and a judgment unit to obtain a fine compensation value of each frequency point and the integration times of each frequency point for obtaining the fine compensation value;
a reduction unit configured to: based on the integration times of the fine compensation value obtained by each frequency point, restoring the fine compensation value of each frequency point to obtain a stable uneven influence S caused by the radio astronomical receiver after amplification and filtering;
a cancellation unit configured to: and subtracting the corresponding stable and uneven influence S from the radio frequency signal of each frequency point, namely eliminating the stable and uneven influence S.
9. The radio astronomical receiver as claimed in claim 7,
integrating any frequency point for n times; obtaining:
nPin＝nPout+nS+(Δ1(t)+Δ2(t)+......+Δn(t))； (1)
wherein n represents the number of integrations, and n is a positive integer.
10. The radio astronomical receiver of claim 7, wherein said digital signal processing module; further comprising:
a receiving unit configured to: after the influence S of stable unevenness caused by amplification and filtering processing of the radio astronomical receiver is eliminated, the radio astronomical receiver normally operates, and a new radio frequency signal which is generated by a signal source and has fs/N stepping amplitude and equal frequency change is received again;
a processing unit configured to: the radio astronomical receiver sequentially performs amplification filtering processing and digitization processing on the new radio frequency signal to obtain amplitude response after S compensation;
obtaining the maximum fluctuation of amplitude response in a set range, and evaluating the range of random uneven influence caused by amplification filtering processing of a receiver along with time through the maximum fluctuation;
according to the error analysis theory, the random unevenness satisfies the Gaussian distribution, and the integration times of the fine compensation value obtained by increasing each frequency point is increased again to reduce the range of the influence of the random unevenness, so that the receiver finally reflects the real amplitude of the input signal and compensates the signal flatness of the receiver.
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| YEN-CHIH CHEN等: "An ultra-broadband low noise amplifier in GaAs 0.1-μm pHEMT process for radio astronomy application", 《IEEE》 * |
| 赵欣等: "基于多相滤波的多通道数字终端设计", 《天文研究与技术》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113411147A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-17 | 成都坤恒顺维科技股份有限公司 | Flatness measuring and calibrating method for millimeter wave wireless channel simulation system |
| CN113411147B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | 成都坤恒顺维科技股份有限公司 | Flatness measuring and calibrating method for millimeter wave wireless channel simulation system |
| CN114710214A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十六研究所 | Communication reconnaissance system and amplitude-frequency response processing method and device thereof |
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| CN111308224B (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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