CN111307358A - High-strength bolt pre-tightening force control device and method - Google Patents
High-strength bolt pre-tightening force control device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111307358A CN111307358A CN202010297640.9A CN202010297640A CN111307358A CN 111307358 A CN111307358 A CN 111307358A CN 202010297640 A CN202010297640 A CN 202010297640A CN 111307358 A CN111307358 A CN 111307358A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
- G01L5/246—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed using acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D15/00—Control of mechanical force or stress; Control of mechanical pressure
- G05D15/01—Control of mechanical force or stress; Control of mechanical pressure characterised by the use of electric means
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of high-strength bolt construction, in particular to a device and a method for controlling pretightening force of a high-strength bolt, wherein the device comprises: the pre-tightening force measuring unit is used for detecting the pre-tightening force of the bolt by adopting ultrasonic waves in the process of screwing the high-strength bolt; the servo motor is used for screwing the high-strength bolt to provide power; the torque control unit is used for generating a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor according to the input data and the pretightening force output by the pretightening force measuring unit; the torque control unit is electrically connected with the pretightening force measuring unit and the servo motor respectively. The invention can achieve the purpose of accurately controlling the high-strength bolt in the construction process of the high-strength bolt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-strength bolt construction, in particular to a device and a method for controlling pretightening force of a high-strength bolt.
Background
The bolt is a standard component with a simple structure, is widely applied in industry, and in order to ensure safe and reliable operation of equipment, it is important whether the high-strength bolt can reach the design pretightening force after being screwed.
At present, the construction of the pretightening force of the high-strength bolt is mostly based on torque control, torque-corner control, a stretching method and the like. The construction modes can not obtain the pre-tightening force of the high-strength bolt after construction, and can not measure the pre-tightening force of the high-strength bolt after construction. The pretightening force construction mode based on torque control is used, so that the pretightening force obtained by the high-strength bolt is closely related to a torque coefficient, and the torque coefficient is not a constant; the torque-rotation angle control method, in which the torque control value in the first step also has the same problem, the torque coefficient is not a constant; the stretching method is low in construction speed, and meanwhile factors such as clamping length have large influence on the pretightening force of the high-strength bolt.
Therefore, it is very important to ensure that the high-strength bolt reaches the designed pretightening force after being screwed.
Disclosure of Invention
The device and the method for controlling the pretightening force of the high-strength bolt can achieve the aim of accurately controlling the high-strength bolt in the construction process of the high-strength bolt 1.
On one hand, the invention provides a high-strength bolt pretension control device, which comprises:
the pre-tightening force measuring unit is used for detecting the pre-tightening force of the bolt by adopting ultrasonic waves in the process of screwing the high-strength bolt 1;
the servo motor is used for screwing the high-strength bolt to provide power;
the torque control unit is used for generating a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor according to the input data and the pretightening force output by the pretightening force measuring unit;
the torque control unit is electrically connected with the pretightening force measuring unit and the servo motor respectively.
Further, a motor driver is connected between the torque control unit and the servo motor;
and the motor driver is used for receiving the control signal output by the torque control unit and driving the servo motor to operate according to the control signal.
Furthermore, the motor driver is also used for receiving a position signal fed back by the servo motor and feeding back the position signal to the torque control unit;
and the torque control unit is used for generating a control signal according to the input data, the position signal and the pretightening force.
Still further, the apparatus further comprises:
the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox is used for matching the rotating speed and the transmission torque for the high-strength bolt;
and the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox is respectively connected with the high-strength bolt and the output end of the servo motor.
Still further, the apparatus further comprises:
the torque measuring unit is used for measuring the output torque value of the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox and feeding back the output torque value to the torque control unit;
the torque measuring unit is respectively connected with the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox and the torque control unit;
and the torque control unit is used for generating a control signal according to the input data, the output torque value, the position signal and the pretightening force.
Still further, an auxiliary device is connected between the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox and the high-strength bolt;
when the tail part of the high-strength bolt is exposed out of the connecting piece in the screwing process, the auxiliary device is a sleeve;
when the tail part of the high-strength bolt is buried in the connecting piece in the screwing process, the auxiliary device is a square hollow driving conversion device;
the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox drives the high-strength bolt 1 to rotate through the auxiliary device, and therefore the high-strength bolt is screwed down.
Preferably, the torque control unit and the pretightening force measuring unit are electrically connected through an interface unit;
the device further comprises: a power supply and a precision power supply;
the power supply is respectively connected with the motor driver and the torque control unit;
the precision power supply is connected with the pretightening force measuring unit;
the device further comprises:
the external data interface is used for connecting external equipment so as to carry out data communication with the external equipment;
and the wireless communication module is used for connecting with the terminal equipment and communicating with the terminal equipment in real time.
On the other hand, the method for controlling the pretightening force of the high-strength bolt provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
the pretightening force measuring unit detects the pretightening force of the bolt by adopting ultrasonic waves in the process of screwing the high-strength bolt;
the servo motor screws the high-strength bolt to provide power;
the torque control unit generates a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor according to the input data and the pretightening force output by the pretightening force measuring unit.
Furthermore, the pretension force measuring unit measures the pretension force of the bolt during the process of tightening the high-strength bolt, and the pretension force measuring unit also comprises the following steps:
calibrating the high-strength bolt to be screwed, and calculating to obtain a pre-tightening force coefficient of the high-strength bolt to be screwed;
and inputting the pre-tightening force coefficient and the attribute parameters of the high-strength bolt to be tightened into the torque control unit as input data.
In the above technical solution, the method further comprises:
the motor driver receives the position signal fed back by the servo motor and feeds the position signal back to the torque control unit;
the torque measuring unit measures an output torque value of the high transmission ratio reduction gearbox and feeds the output torque value back to the torque control unit;
the torque control unit generates a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor according to the input data and the pretightening force output by the pretightening force measuring unit, and specifically comprises:
the torque control unit generates a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor according to the input data, the pretightening force, the position signal and the output torque value.
The method can detect the pretightening force of the bolt in the construction process of the high-strength bolt; then the torque control unit controls the servo motor according to the pretightening force; and the servo motor provides power for screwing the high-strength bolt according to the control signal of the torque control unit. Therefore, in the whole process of screwing the high-strength bolt, the effect of real-time control of the pretightening force of the high-strength bolt is achieved through the whole-process detection of the pretightening force.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of high-strength bolts to be tightened according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a rotational speed control curve of a servo motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the high strength bolt tail exposed from the connector in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high-strength bolt according to an embodiment of the present invention with the tail portion embedded in the connecting member.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the high-strength bolt pretension control device according to the present invention includes:
the pre-tightening force measuring unit 10 is used for detecting the pre-tightening force of the bolt 1 by adopting ultrasonic waves in the process of screwing the high-strength bolt 1;
the servo motor 4 is used for screwing the high-strength bolt 1 to provide power;
the torque control unit 7 is used for generating a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor 4 according to the input data and the pretightening force output by the pretightening force measuring unit 10;
the torque control unit 7 is electrically connected with the pretightening force measuring unit 10 and the servo motor 4 respectively.
In this embodiment, the pretension force measuring unit 10 measures the axial pretension force of the high-strength bolt 1 by using an ultrasonic technology according to a stress-strain principle and an acoustic-elastic theory and by using a relationship between a change in echo time and a change in stress. The ultrasonic wave may be piezoelectric ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic ultrasonic wave. The pretension measuring unit 10 comprises a sensor, and a sensor probe 10.1 can be placed on the top end face or the tail end face of the high-strength bolt 1. By utilizing the electromagnetic ultrasonic technology, the sensor probe 10.1 is placed without a coupling agent, the requirement on the end face of the bolt 1 is low, polishing is not needed, and the testing efficiency is high. The pretightening force measuring unit 10 adopts the principle of electromagnetic ultrasonic stress detection, does not need a coupling agent or polish the surface of the bolt, can track the axial force of the bolt in real time and feed back the axial force to the high-strength bolt pretightening force control device.
The calculation formula of the pretightening force is as follows:
where k is an ultrasonic pretension coefficient and is a proportionality constant, S is an average cross-sectional area of the bolt 1, T is an ultrasonic sound when the bolt 1 is not subjected to a force, and Δ T is a change time of the ultrasonic sound in the bolt 1 after the force is applied.
The input data includes: the pretension factor and the property parameters of the high-strength bolt 1 to be tightened.
A motor driver 5 is connected between the torque control unit 7 and the servo motor 4;
and the motor driver 5 is used for receiving the control signal output by the torque control unit 7 and driving the servo motor 4 to operate according to the control signal.
The motor driver 5 is also used for receiving a position signal fed back by the servo motor 4 and feeding back the position signal to the torque control unit 7;
and the torque control unit 7 is used for generating a control signal according to the input data, the position signal and the pretightening force.
In the invention, the servo motor 4 has an angle feedback function and can feed back a position signal to the motor driver 5; the motor driver 5 then feeds back the position change signal to the torque control unit 7.
The device further comprises:
the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox 3 is used for matching the rotating speed and the transmission torque for the high-strength bolt 1;
and the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox 3 is respectively connected with the high-strength bolt 1 and the output end of the servo motor 4.
The device further comprises:
the torque measuring unit 8 is used for measuring the output torque value of the high transmission ratio reduction box 3 and feeding back the output torque value to the torque control unit 7;
the torque measuring unit 8 is respectively connected with the high transmission ratio reduction box 3 and the torque control unit 7;
and the torque control unit 7 is used for generating a control signal according to the input data, the output torque value, the position signal and the pretightening force.
In this embodiment, the pretension force fed back by the pretension force measuring unit 10 is a first feedback quantity; the position signal fed back by the servo motor 4 is a second feedback quantity; the output torque value fed back by the torque measurement unit 8 is a third feedback quantity. Therefore, the torque control unit 7 can follow up three feedback quantities in real time to perform accurate control on the servo motor 4. The three feedback quantities further ensure the control quality of the pretightening force of the high-strength bolt 1.
The connection of servo motor 4 and motor driver 5 functionally divides into two parts: one part is that a driver 5 drives the servo motor 4 to rotate; the other part is a position signal provided to the driver 5 by a rotary encoder mounted on the shaft of the servo motor 4 (i.e., an angle feedback function of the servo motor 4).
An auxiliary device 2 is connected between the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox 3 and the high-strength bolt 1;
when the tail part of the high-strength bolt 1 is exposed out of the connecting piece in the screwing process, the auxiliary device 2 is a sleeve;
when the tail part of the high-strength bolt 1 is buried in the connecting piece in the screwing process, the auxiliary device 2 is a square hollow driving conversion device;
the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox 3 drives the high-strength bolt 1 to rotate through the auxiliary device 2, and therefore the high-strength bolt 1 is screwed down.
In the present embodiment, the auxiliary device 2 is a sleeve. The sleeve is connected with an output shaft of the high transmission ratio reduction box 3 and the top of the bolt 1. As shown in fig. 5, the high-strength bolt 1 can be connected with the sensor probe 10.1 because the tail part of the high-strength bolt is exposed out of the connecting piece during the tightening process.
The sensor probe 10.1 is a piezoelectric ultrasonic probe or an electromagnetic ultrasonic probe. Both probes are provided with permanent magnets to facilitate uniform contact of the probes with the high-strength bolt 1.
In this embodiment, the sensor probe 10.1 is positioned using a locator, which has two types of tail positioning and hex head (top) positioning. When the tail part of the high-strength bolt 1 is exposed out of the connecting piece in the screwing process, the sleeve is used and the tail part is used for positioning; when the tail part of the high-strength bolt 1 is buried in the connecting piece in the screwing process, a square hollow driving conversion device is adopted, and the top part is used for positioning. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary device 2 is a sleeve. The purpose of the positioner is to facilitate the placement of the sensor probe 10.1 in the pretension measuring unit 10 and to have repeatability of the placement position.
The torque control unit 7 is electrically connected with the pretightening force measuring unit 10 through an interface unit 9;
the device further comprises: a power supply 6 and a precision power supply 11;
the power supply 6 is respectively connected with the motor driver 5 and the torque control unit 7;
the precision power supply 11 is connected with the pretightening force measuring unit 10;
the device further comprises:
the external data interface is used for connecting external equipment so as to carry out data communication with the external equipment;
and the wireless communication module is used for connecting with the terminal equipment and communicating with the terminal equipment in real time.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the interface unit 9 serves to connect the torque control unit 7 to the pretension measuring unit 10 for communication. The torque control unit 7 is provided with a 485 signal input interface, a pulse signal input interface and a switching value signal input interface, and the pretightening force measuring unit 10 is provided with a 485 signal output interface, a pulse signal output interface, a switching value signal output interface and a 0-10V analog quantity signal output interface. The power supply 6 can be 220V alternating current or a lithium battery pack. The wireless communication module can transmit data to the terminal side in real time and support a printing function. The control device can also automatically generate a pretension-time diagram, an angle-time diagram, a torque-time diagram, an angle-pretension force diagram, and a torque-pretension force diagram.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for controlling the pretightening force of the high-strength bolt provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
101. the pretightening force measuring unit 10 detects the pretightening force of the bolt 1 by adopting ultrasonic waves in the process of screwing the high-strength bolt 1;
102. the servo motor 4 screws the high-strength bolt 1 to provide power;
103. the torque control unit 7 generates a control signal to control the rotation speed of the servo motor 4 according to the input data and the pretightening force output by the pretightening force measuring unit 10.
The pretension force measuring unit 10 measures the pretension force of the bolt 1 during the process of tightening the high-strength bolt 1, and includes:
104. calibrating the high-strength bolt 1 to be screwed, and calculating to obtain a pre-tightening force coefficient of the high-strength bolt 1 to be screwed;
105. the pretension coefficient and the attribute parameters of the high-strength bolt 1 to be tightened are input to the torque control unit 7 as input data.
The method further comprises the following steps:
106. the motor driver 5 receives the position signal fed back by the servo motor 4 and feeds the position signal back to the torque control unit 7;
107. the torque measuring unit 8 measures the output torque value of the high transmission ratio reduction box 3 and feeds the output torque value back to the torque control unit 7;
the torque control unit 7 generates a control signal to control the rotation speed of the servo motor 4 according to the input data and the pretightening force output by the pretightening force measuring unit 10, and specifically includes:
1031. the torque control unit 7 generates a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor 4 according to the input data, the pretightening force, the position signal and the output torque value.
The torque control unit 7 can generate a control signal for controlling the rotational speed of the servo motor 4, and also generate a tightening order and a control strategy for the high-strength bolt 1.
In this embodiment, a plurality of bolts 1 in the high-strength bolt group may be selected first and tightened with a pre-tightening force setting value of 50%, and then other bolts 1 may be tightened. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
when the number of the bolts 1 in the high-strength bolt group is less than 20, selecting the bolts 1 at 4 positions which are equally divided, and firstly screwing the bolts 1;
when the number of the bolts 1 in the high-strength bolt group is more than or equal to 20, the bolts 1 at 8 positions which are equally divided are selected and firstly screwed;
the 4 bolts 1 or 8 bolts 1 which are tightened first are loosened and then tightened again.
As shown in FIG. 3, for example, 16 high-strength bolt sets are taken as reference circles 800 of the bolt sets, hexagon head bolts are 1M30X320-10.9 in grade, the clamping length is 270mm, and nuts are connected to the other side of the flange face.
Firstly, the batch of high-strength bolts 1 needs to be calibrated according to the clamping length of 270mm, and an ultrasonic pretightening force coefficient calibration experiment mode is adopted. Before the experiment, 6 high-strength bolts 1, washers, and nuts of the batch were prepared, and the bolts 1 were numbered. The experiment can adopt 100 tons of tensile experiment machines to carry out the axial force loading, and the experiment environment should be able to monitor and control ambient temperature, and the experiment process requires that ambient temperature change is less than 3 degrees centigrade.
For the M30 standard threaded bolt 1, the inspection standard shows that the effective cross-sectional area is 561mm ^2, the 10.9-grade high-strength bolt 1 has the tensile strength of about 1000MPa and the yield strength of about 900MPa, and if the tensile stress of the designed pre-tightening force is 0.78 times of the yield strength, the designed pre-tightening force can be calculated to be 393 kN. The loading is respectively carried out according to 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the total loading, namely 157KN, 235KN, 314KN and 393 KN.
And selecting the bolts 1 numbered from No. 1 to No. 6 to perform the calibration experiment, so as to obtain the corresponding ultrasonic pretightening force coefficient k. And averaging the ultrasonic pretightening force coefficients of the 6 bolts 1 to obtain the ultrasonic pretightening force coefficient of the batch of bolts 1 under the clamping length.
The input data includes: pre-tightening force coefficient and attribute parameters of the high-strength bolt 1 to be tightened;
the attribute parameters include: the specification of the bolts 1, the batch number of the bolts 1, the clamping length of the bolts 1 and the temperature of the environment where the bolts 1 are to be tightened.
Then, after the calibration experiment, the input parameters are input to the torque control unit 7; and then the torque control unit 7 generates the tightening sequence of the bolt group to be tightened according to the input parameters. Of course, the tightening sequence can be adjusted according to different process requirements.
As shown in fig. 4, the torque control unit 7 can also generate a control strategy for preloading the high-strength bolt 1. Wherein the slope of curve 1(OA) is greater than the slope of curve 2 (AB). That is, the torque control unit 7 controls the servo motor 4 to operate quickly for a certain period of time from the beginning; then, in a later period of time, the rotation speed of the servo motor 4 is reduced.
In the process of screwing the high-strength bolt group, the sensor probe 10.1 is placed at the tail end of the thread end, and the echo time T0 of the tested bolt 1 is firstly measured in a free and non-pretightening force state. Then, the No. 1-4 high-strength bolts 1 are respectively screwed, and the pretightening force measuring unit 10 feeds back the pretightening force of the bolts 1 in real time in the screwing process.
The control device further includes: and an indicator light. When the pretightening force reaches 196KN (50 percent of the calculated pretightening force 393 KN), an indicator lamp displays green, and the construction is finished and qualified. The sensor in the measuring unit 10 needs to be moved every time one high-strength bolt 1 is constructed. The position of the sensor in the mobile measuring unit 10 is moved according to the tightening sequence in which the torque control unit 7 generates the bolt groups to be tightened.
Then move the sensor in the measurement unit 10 to bolt number 9 1; when the pretightening force reaches 393KN, the indicator light shows green, shows that the construction is accomplished and qualified. Fastening the remaining untwisted bolts 1 in a clockwise direction; then loosening the bolt 1 of the bolt 1 from the number 1 to the number 4; the sensor in the measuring unit 10 is moved to the bolt 1 No. 1, the bolt 1 is screwed by the device, and when the pretightening force reaches 393KN, an indicator lamp displays green, which indicates that the construction is finished and qualified. And the remaining 3 bolts 1 are tightened in the same manner.
At this moment, above-mentioned high strength bolt group construction is accomplished, and this device shows green with the pilot lamp, needs artifical the affirmation. When confirmed, the device automatically generates a report.
In the present embodiment, the turning on of the indicator light is determined according to the torque control unit 7, and the determining process is as follows:
let the first feedback quantity be F (in KN) and the third feedback quantity be the torque value Tq (in Nm). If the diameter of the bolt 1 is D, the set pretightening force is Fa:
1. when F is in the interval (a Fa, b Fa), the pretightening force is qualified, a and b are empirical values, a is 0.95, and b is 1.05;
calculating the torque coefficient Kb of the bolt 1 as Tq/F/D when Kb is in (Kb)min,Kbmax) In the interval, the torque coefficient is normal, Kbmin，KbmaxThe empirical value is a user setting value and is generally (0.9-0.15); out of range, further suggesting a less than torque coefficient range or a greater than torque coefficient range;
2. when F is not in the (a x Fa, b x Fa) interval, it indicates greater or less than the qualified range.
Example two
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the auxiliary device 2 is a square hollow drive conversion device. Because the tail part of the high-strength bolt 1 to be screwed is buried in the connecting piece, a square hollow driving conversion device is adopted, and top positioning is adopted. Because the square hollow drive conversion device is hollow inside, when the torque of the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox 3 is transmitted, the top of the high-strength screw can be exposed, and the sensor probe 10.1 can be conveniently placed on the high-strength screw.
The transmission mode of the square hollow driving conversion device is gear transmission, and the speed reduction function is selected, which is equivalent to primary parallel transmission. The square hollow drive conversion device has the function of a reaction arm in a torque wrench.
The rest of the structure and functions of this embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment, and are not described herein again.
It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes disclosed is an example of exemplary approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not intended to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
In the foregoing detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, invention lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. To those skilled in the art; various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
What has been described above includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the aforementioned embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term "includes" is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising" as "comprising" is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean a "non-exclusive or".
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high strength bolt pretension controlling means characterized by, includes:
the pre-tightening force measuring unit (10) is used for detecting the pre-tightening force of the bolt (1) by adopting ultrasonic waves in the process of screwing the high-strength bolt (1);
the servo motor (4) is used for screwing the high-strength bolt (1) to provide power;
the torque control unit (7) is used for generating a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor (4) according to the input data and the pretightening force output by the pretightening force measuring unit (10);
the torque control unit (7) is electrically connected with the pretightening force measuring unit (10) and the servo motor (4) respectively.
2. The high-strength bolt pretension force control device according to claim 1, characterized in that a motor driver (5) is connected between the torque control unit (7) and the servo motor (4);
and the motor driver (5) is used for receiving the control signal output by the torque control unit (7) and driving the servo motor (4) to operate according to the control signal.
3. The high-strength bolt pretension force control device according to claim 2, wherein the motor driver (5) is further configured to receive a position signal fed back by the servo motor (4) and feed back the position signal to the torque control unit (7);
and the torque control unit (7) is used for generating a control signal according to the input data, the position signal and the pretightening force.
4. The high strength bolt pretension control device according to claim 3, further comprising:
the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox (3) is used for matching the rotating speed and transmitting torque for the high-strength bolt (1);
and the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox (3) is respectively connected with the high-strength bolt (1) and the output end of the servo motor (4).
5. The high strength bolt pretension control device according to claim 4, further comprising:
the torque measuring unit (8) is used for measuring the output torque value of the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox (3) and feeding back the output torque value to the torque control unit (7);
the torque measuring unit (8) is respectively connected with the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox (3) and the torque control unit (7);
and the torque control unit (7) is used for generating a control signal according to the input data, the output torque value, the position signal and the pretightening force.
6. The high-strength bolt pretension force control device according to claim 4, characterized in that an auxiliary device (2) is connected between the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox (3) and the high-strength bolt (1);
when the tail part of the high-strength bolt (1) is exposed out of the connecting piece in the screwing process, the auxiliary device (2) is a sleeve;
when the tail part of the high-strength bolt (1) is buried in the connecting piece in the screwing process, the auxiliary device (2) is a square hollow driving conversion device;
the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox (3) drives the high-strength bolt (1) to rotate through the auxiliary device (2), and therefore the high-strength bolt (1) is screwed down.
7. The high-strength bolt pretension force control device according to claim 2, wherein the torque control unit (7) and the pretension force measurement unit (10) are electrically connected through an interface unit (9);
the device further comprises: a power supply (6) and a precision power supply (11);
the power supply (6) is respectively connected with the motor driver (5) and the torque control unit (7);
the precision power supply (11) is connected with the pretightening force measuring unit (10);
the device further comprises:
the external data interface is used for connecting external equipment so as to carry out data communication with the external equipment;
and the wireless communication module is used for connecting with the terminal equipment and communicating with the terminal equipment in real time.
8. A method for controlling pretightening force of a high-strength bolt is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the pretightening force measuring unit (10) detects the pretightening force of the bolt (1) by adopting ultrasonic waves in the process of screwing the high-strength bolt;
the servo motor (4) screws the high-strength bolt (4) to provide power;
the torque control unit (7) generates a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor (4) according to the input data and the pretightening force output by the pretightening force measuring unit (10).
9. The high-strength bolt pretension control method according to claim 8, wherein the pretension measuring unit (10) measures the pretension of the bolt (1) during tightening of the high-strength bolt (1), and further comprising:
calibrating the high-strength bolt (1) to be screwed, and calculating to obtain a pre-tightening force coefficient of the high-strength bolt (1) to be screwed;
the pretension coefficient and the attribute parameters of the high-strength bolt (1) to be tightened are input to the torque control unit (7) as input data.
10. The method for controlling the pretightening force of the high-strength bolt according to claim 8, further comprising:
the motor driver (5) receives the position signal fed back by the servo motor (4) and feeds the position signal back to the torque control unit (7);
the torque measuring unit (8) measures the output torque value of the high-transmission-ratio reduction gearbox (3) and feeds the output torque value back to the torque control unit (7);
the torque control unit (7) generates a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor (4) according to the input data and the pretightening force output by the pretightening force measuring unit (10), and the torque control unit specifically comprises:
the torque control unit (7) generates a control signal to control the rotating speed of the servo motor (4) according to the input data, the pretightening force, the position signal and the output torque value.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010297640.9A CN111307358A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | High-strength bolt pre-tightening force control device and method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112747856A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 湘潭大学 | Method for detecting pretightening force of high-strength bolt |
| CN113358266A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-07 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Bolt assembling tension force testing method |
| CN114577394A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-03 | 北京理工大学 | Bolt fastening axial tensile stress detection calibration method and device |
-
2020
- 2020-04-16 CN CN202010297640.9A patent/CN111307358A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112747856A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 湘潭大学 | Method for detecting pretightening force of high-strength bolt |
| CN112747856B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-04-01 | 湘潭大学 | Method for detecting pretightening force of high-strength bolt |
| CN113358266A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-07 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Bolt assembling tension force testing method |
| CN114577394A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-03 | 北京理工大学 | Bolt fastening axial tensile stress detection calibration method and device |
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