CN111302750A - Gel material and concrete suitable for plant growth - Google Patents

Gel material and concrete suitable for plant growth Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111302750A
CN111302750A CN202010218463.0A CN202010218463A CN111302750A CN 111302750 A CN111302750 A CN 111302750A CN 202010218463 A CN202010218463 A CN 202010218463A CN 111302750 A CN111302750 A CN 111302750A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
concrete
plant growth
cementing material
water
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Pending
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CN202010218463.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐中浩
李黄敏
万小林
杨代六
田先忠
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PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Co Ltd
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PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010218463.0A priority Critical patent/CN111302750A/en
Publication of CN111302750A publication Critical patent/CN111302750A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00758Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40Porous or lightweight materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cementing material and concrete suitable for plant growth, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of clay, 10-20 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of the cementing material of claim 1, 2-10 parts of sawdust, 2-8 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 0.1-1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.1-2 parts of water-retaining resin; wherein the cementing material comprises 70% of gypsum, 20% of blast furnace slag and 10% of low-alkali sulpho-aluminous cement. The concrete of the invention adopts the combination of gypsum, blast furnace slag and a small amount of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement to replace the common Portland cement as a cementing material, can avoid the generation of strong alkali and use rubber powder, and improve the scour resistance of the concrete, wherein the reaction of the fly ash, the blast furnace slag and the small amount of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement can consume part of generated alkalinity, thereby creating a neutral environment suitable for plant growth, and improving the strength of vegetation concrete through the synergistic effect of the gypsum.

Description

Gel material and concrete suitable for plant growth
Technical Field
The invention relates to building concrete, in particular to a gel material and concrete suitable for plant growth.
Background
At present, with the increasing requirement on the environment, greening measures need to be considered in the local greening of urban buildings, the large-scale civil engineering such as the bank-following and bank-protecting engineering, the road and airport construction and the like, wherein the spraying of the alien soil is one of the methods, namely, the thin-layer alien soil is paved on the surface of concrete to provide space for the germination of plant seeds, and the nutrient required for the initial growth of the plants after the germination is supplied to play roles in improving the landscape and regulating the ecological balance. How to grow vegetation well on concrete surfaces has been a problem for long-term research on vegetation concrete.
In the prior research, for example, patent CN 201711386632.6 discloses a plant growing type porous concrete suitable for plant growth, which comprises porous concrete and mixed fine loam, wherein the raw materials of the porous concrete comprise the following components: cement, ceramsite, fly ash, limestone powder, fine loam, plant ash, rice hull carbon, a water reducing agent, EVA latex powder, styrene-butadiene rubber powder, polyacrylate emulsion, organic compost, vermiculite, seaweed powder, tea seed meal, neem cake, polyacrylamide, ferrous sulfate, modified towel gourd fiber, an organic silicon defoaming agent and water;
patent CN 201511012718.3 discloses a plant-compatible ecological concrete, the permeable layer uses portland cement, aggregate, 5044n gelatine powder as solid raw materials, the base nutrition layer uses water storage material, adhesive material, loess, peanut shell powder, oyster shell powder, long-acting compound fertilizer, 5044n gelatine powder as solid raw materials, the surface growth layer uses acid salt cement, loess, grass seeds, long-acting slow-release compound fertilizer, 100 meshes river sand, 5044n gelatine powder as solid raw materials;
patent CN201310654013.6 discloses a special vegetation concrete for slope protection and greening using polymer pellet technology, which comprises raw materials including cement, local soil, plant fiber, polyacrylamide soil conditioner, pellet agent, northeast black soil, fine steel bar, organic compost, plant seeds, Chinese herbal medicine nutrient, alkaline neutralizer, soil stabilizer and water.
However, the vegetation concrete has the following disadvantages: 1) a large amount of cement is used as a main cementing material of concrete, and the cement can generate high alkalinity after being hydrated when meeting water, so that the growth of plants is adversely affected; 2) the concrete has low strength and cannot resist long-term rain wash; 3) adhesive powder or polyacrylamide and other high-molecular adhesives are added, the adhesive powder has water solubility, can be softened in the curing and water sprinkling process, and can be easily decomposed and failed under the sun exposure, so that the later-stage spray-seeding soil layer is loose and is easy to fall off when being washed by rainstorm; 4) the formula components are complex, and the raw material cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a gel material and concrete suitable for plant growth, which adopts the combination of gypsum, blast furnace slag and a small amount of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement to replace the common Portland cement as a cementing material, can avoid the generation of strong alkali and use rubber powder, and improve the anti-scouring strength of the concrete, wherein the reaction of fly ash, blast furnace slag and a small amount of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement can consume part of generated alkalinity, thereby creating a neutral environment suitable for plant growth, and improving the strength of the vegetation concrete through the synergistic effect of the gypsum.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the cementing material for the concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of gypsum, 20% of blast furnace slag and 10% of low-alkali sulpho-alumina cement.
The concrete suitable for plant growth comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of clay, 10-20 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of the cementing material of claim 1, 2-10 parts of sawdust, 2-8 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 0.1-1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.1-2 parts of water-retaining resin.
The concrete of the invention adopts the combination of gypsum, blast furnace slag and a small amount of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement to replace the common Portland cement as a cementing material, can avoid the generation of strong alkali and use rubber powder, and improve the scour resistance of the concrete, wherein the reaction of the fly ash, the blast furnace slag and the small amount of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement can consume part of generated alkalinity, thereby creating a neutral environment suitable for plant growth, and improving the strength of vegetation concrete through the synergistic effect of the gypsum. According to the gel material, the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement with the content of 10% is matched with the gypsum and the blast furnace slag, so that strong alkali can not be generated on the premise of ensuring the bonding strength performance of concrete, and the low-alkali produced by the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement can be consumed and neutralized by the blast furnace slag; the concrete of the invention adopts the gel material and the fly ash, and can further neutralize the consumption of blast furnace slag of low-alkali aluminum sulfate cement, thereby ensuring a neutral environment suitable for plant growth and being suitable for the growth of various plants; the use of high-molecular glue such as glue powder and the like is avoided, the softening condition can not occur in the water spraying and curing process, and meanwhile, the strength of the concrete is improved through the synergistic effect of the fly ash, the blast furnace slag, the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement and the gypsum, and the rainwater erosion resistance is ensured; the fly ash and the gypsum also play a role in providing elements required by plant growth on the basis of the additionally added fermented organic fertilizer, and for the formula disclosed by the invention, the proportioning components are few in quantity, relatively simple, and uncomplicated to prepare, and the components are all easily available raw materials, so that the cost is low.
The concrete has the performance characteristics of high strength, large porosity, good structural stability and freeze-thaw resistance, can adapt to the growth of various plants, can be used for ecological concrete slope protection/bank protection of rivers, water transportation channels, railways, highways, scenic spots, gardens and the like, can improve the stability of the slope protection/bank protection and beautify the environment landscape, and can realize long-term continuous ecological slope protection/bank protection.
The concrete suitable for plant growth comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of clay, 20 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of cementing material, 10 parts of sawdust, 8 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 1 part of water-retaining resin.
The concrete suitable for plant growth comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of clay, 10 parts of fly ash, 5 parts of cementing material, 2 parts of sawdust, 2 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 0.5 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.5 part of water-retaining resin.
The concrete suitable for plant growth comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of clay, 20 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of cementing material, 5 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 0.01 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.01 part of water-retaining resin.
The mixed raw materials of the concrete and water are mixed according to the weight ratio of 0.3-0.9: 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the gel material and the concrete suitable for plant growth, the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement with the content of 10% is matched with the gypsum and the blast furnace slag, so that no strong alkali can be generated on the premise of ensuring the bonding strength performance of the concrete, and the low-alkali produced by the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement can be consumed by the blast furnace slag;
2. according to the gel material and the concrete suitable for plant growth, the gel material is matched with the fly ash, so that low-alkali generated by low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement can be further neutralized by blast furnace slag consumption, a neutral environment suitable for plant growth is ensured, and the gel material can adapt to the growth of various plants;
3. the gel material and the concrete suitable for plant growth avoid the use of high polymer glue such as rubber powder and the like, do not soften in the water spraying and curing process, and simultaneously improve the strength of the concrete through the synergistic effect of the fly ash, the blast furnace slag, the low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement and the gypsum, thereby ensuring the rain wash resistance.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
The concrete suitable for plant growth is prepared by 1) mixing 50 parts of clay, 20 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of cementing material, 10 parts of sawdust, 8 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 1 part of water-retaining resin, wherein the cementing material comprises 70% of gypsum, 20% of blast furnace slag and 10% of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement, and fully and uniformly stirring for later use; 2) mixing the mixture of the concrete and water according to the weight ratio of 0.8:1, firstly pouring the mixture of the concrete into stirring equipment, adding a certain amount of grass seeds, adding half of the water for stirring, and then sequentially adding the rest water for fully stirring; 3) and (3) carrying out concrete construction on the prepared concrete according to design requirements, and periodically adding water for maintenance.
Example 2
The concrete suitable for plant growth is prepared by 1) mixing 80 parts of clay, 10 parts of fly ash, 5 parts of cementing material, 2 parts of sawdust, 2 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 0.5 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.5 part of water-retaining resin, wherein the cementing material comprises 70% of gypsum, 20% of blast furnace slag and 10% of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement, and fully and uniformly stirring for later use; 2) mixing the mixture of the concrete and water according to the weight ratio of 0.8:1, firstly pouring the mixture of the concrete into stirring equipment, adding a certain amount of grass seeds, adding half of the water for stirring, and then sequentially adding the rest water for fully stirring; 3) and (3) carrying out concrete construction on the prepared concrete according to design requirements, and periodically adding water for maintenance.
Example 3
The concrete suitable for plant growth is prepared by 1) mixing 60 parts of clay, 20 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of cementing material, 5 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 0.01 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.01 part of water-retaining resin, wherein the cementing material comprises 70% of gypsum, 20% of blast furnace slag and 10% of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement, and fully and uniformly stirring for later use; 2) mixing the mixture of the concrete and water according to the weight ratio of 0.8:1, firstly pouring the mixture of the concrete into stirring equipment, adding a certain amount of grass seeds, adding half of the water for stirring, and then sequentially adding the rest water for fully stirring; 3) and (3) carrying out concrete construction on the prepared concrete according to design requirements, and periodically adding water for maintenance.
Comparative example
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that the gel material therein was replaced with portland cement.
The performance indicators of examples 1-3 were compared to the comparative example after one month as follows:
example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative example
Porosity of the material 28% 20% 24% 20%
Curing 7d Strength (MPa) 0.63 0.80 0.75 0.55
Curing 28d Strength (MPa) 1.05 1.27 1.14 0.86
Plant germination percentage (%) 90 93 95 30
Plant coverage (%) 95 97 98 20
Growth state of plant Good effect Good effect Good effect Withered and yellow leaves appear in large quantities
pH value (7d) 7.5 7.0 8.0 10.0
As can be seen from the table, the strength of the prepared concrete prepared by the formula is obviously higher than that of the comparative example after 7 days of curing, and after 28 days of curing, the strength reaches more than 1MPa, at the same time, more than 90 percent of seeds germinate, the coverage rate of plants reaches more than 95 percent, and the growth vigor of the plants is good.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The cementing material for concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of gypsum, 20% of blast furnace slag and 10% of low-alkali sulpho-alumina cement.
2. The concrete suitable for plant growth is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of clay, 10-20 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of the cementing material of claim 1, 2-10 parts of sawdust, 2-8 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 0.1-1 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.1-2 parts of water-retaining resin.
3. The concrete suitable for plant growth according to claim 2, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of clay, 20 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of cementing material, 10 parts of sawdust, 8 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 1 part of water-retaining resin.
4. The concrete suitable for plant growth according to claim 2, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of clay, 10 parts of fly ash, 5 parts of cementing material, 2 parts of sawdust, 2 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 0.5 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.5 part of water-retaining resin.
5. The concrete suitable for plant growth according to claim 2, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of clay, 20 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of cementing material, 5 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of fermented organic fertilizer, 0.01 part of calcium superphosphate and 0.01 part of water-retaining resin.
6. The concrete for plant growth according to claim 2, wherein the mixed raw materials of the concrete are mixed with water in a weight ratio of 0.3-0.9: 1.
CN202010218463.0A 2020-03-25 2020-03-25 Gel material and concrete suitable for plant growth Pending CN111302750A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112456913A (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-03-09 成都精准混凝土有限公司 Biocompatible concrete and preparation method and application thereof
CN112876112A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-06-01 吴江永盛混凝土有限公司 Ecological concrete cementing material and neutral ecological concrete
CN115321925A (en) * 2022-07-15 2022-11-11 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 Cementing material for plant-growing concrete
CN115403342A (en) * 2022-09-22 2022-11-29 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 Low-carbon plant-growing concrete and preparation method thereof
CN115769776A (en) * 2022-12-09 2023-03-10 天津中岩大地材料科技有限公司 Ecological soil for greening and reinforcing side slope
CN116514430A (en) * 2023-05-26 2023-08-01 重庆交通大学 Modification method of bamboo aggregate and application of composition

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112456913A (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-03-09 成都精准混凝土有限公司 Biocompatible concrete and preparation method and application thereof
CN112876112A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-06-01 吴江永盛混凝土有限公司 Ecological concrete cementing material and neutral ecological concrete
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CN115321925B (en) * 2022-07-15 2023-03-31 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 Cementing material for plant-growing concrete
CN115403342A (en) * 2022-09-22 2022-11-29 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 Low-carbon plant-growing concrete and preparation method thereof
CN115403342B (en) * 2022-09-22 2023-04-14 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 Low-carbon plant-growing concrete and preparation method thereof
CN115769776A (en) * 2022-12-09 2023-03-10 天津中岩大地材料科技有限公司 Ecological soil for greening and reinforcing side slope
CN116514430A (en) * 2023-05-26 2023-08-01 重庆交通大学 Modification method of bamboo aggregate and application of composition

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