CN1113024A - Basic plane image plotting and its application method - Google Patents
Basic plane image plotting and its application method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1113024A CN1113024A CN 95110745 CN95110745A CN1113024A CN 1113024 A CN1113024 A CN 1113024A CN 95110745 CN95110745 CN 95110745 CN 95110745 A CN95110745 A CN 95110745A CN 1113024 A CN1113024 A CN 1113024A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- basal plane
- collection
- angle
- resembles
- coordinate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Processing Or Creating Images (AREA)
Abstract
There is provided a functional diagram of thematic linear congruent map, the marks on datum plane are used to measure the oblique sailing course and the geographical marked lines, the characteristic is that the sailing course passes through the datum plane network chart and the intersection angle point is taken as terminal point, thus the interval of the sailing course is divided into n sections of unit sailing course and their datum plane marks; according to a definite scale and the midpoint and angular point coordinates, the datum plane mark of each section combines with the plot to form a datum plane position and bearing plotting chart.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of functions of use figure and using method thereof of thematic applied map, particularly specially (topic) with the basic plane image plotting of linear congruent chart and phase place thereof, phase angle using method.
Still do not have collection in existing each general traditional projected map and resemble scalar functions of use figure.During as navigation, the seagoing vessel flight path all relies on Mercator's (Mercator) sea book and tens of width of cloth up to a hundred course line component to estimate to calculate that its accuracy is limited by the influence of map distortion error, causes deviations such as phase place, phase angle bigger.Especially the extrapolation of loxodrome estimation tolerance and its are tiltedly sailed actual ennuple tolerance of flight path, both differ greatly and contradiction very outstanding.And in " three boats " (sea, empty, sky, latent) traffic, mainly be this type of Mo Shi course line (figure) method of utilization, it accounts for more than 95%.Cause thus: the various course lines of tiltedly sailing on satellite, aircraft, naval vessel; Geographical graticules such as each territory seashore, river, national boundaries; The address of island submerged reef, dangerous shoal turbulent flow and the port town, airport harbour; The address of aquatic products, territory, mineral reserve; Serious distortion such as the map label of sea, airplane crash address etc. is misread.Particularly, can't the parsing of basal plane ennuple measure especially the congruence of boat (mark) line the fix mark and the phase angle mutually of branchs preface section.In a word, all this kind flight path ennuple key element all is difficult to characterize mark and technology implementation assurance of equal value all-sidedly and accurately.
The objective of the invention is to design, special-purpose linear congruent map of a kind of special topic and functions of use figure thereof are provided.And provide its basal plane collection to resemble, resolve the tolerance using method, promptly resolve the various course lines of tiltedly sailing of tolerance, the geographical graticule in each territory with interval segmentation ennuple and Ji Jiao.It has avoided the distortion inaccuracy of projected map, and the constraint of having broken away from warp, latitude calibration when extrapolating is limited to, the chart precision is improved comprehensively and the information capacity increase, tens of width of cloth up to a hundred course line component can be substituted by two basic plane image plottings, outstanding more is: its unit course line and boat position, boat angle correspondence one by one is equivalent to the basal plane collection and resembles and resolve tolerance, navigates by water functions of use intuitive and convenient and standard criterion thus.
Technical solution of the present invention is a basic plane image plotting.Its measure method: 1) the basal plane ennuple coincides to collect and resembles; 2) congruence is resolved the tolerance mark.Basic plane image plotting is special functions of use figure of (topic) usefulness linear congruent map, and the diagonal angle basal plane of promptly congruent chart and the ennuple presentation that coincides resembles the resolution spirogram of basal plane in a collection.Here the object basal plane promptly is that unit course line basal plane claims basal plane; One of sequence basal plane adds that a ground repeatedly overlaps mutually and the perspective presentation is called for short the presentation that coincides; Its presentation basal plane that coincides claims collection to resemble basal plane; Coordinate graphics such as basal plane and unit course line, boat position, boat angle promptly are the basal plane ennuples.Basic plane image plotting is by basal plane and through, latitude ridge limit, the broadwise tangent line, and interval endpoint, the unit course line, basal plane style line point, point coordinate in the basal plane, the basal plane angle staff, the basal plane angular coordinate, main boat angle, Fu Hangjiao, the sequence boat position presentation that coincides constitutes.Its divides two types: promptly point coordinate collection that coincides resembles and marks on a map and (2) angular coordinate collection that coincides resembles and marks on a map in (1).The former (1) is exclusively used in the sequence style orientation mark of boat (mark) line, and it is to the sequence phase record with unit boat (mark) line such as station, port, islands and reefs, and the scalar function is used especially accurately directly perceived; The latter (2) is exclusively used in the sequence scale angular dimension of boat (mark) line, and it is to the sequence phase angle record with unit boat (mark) line such as station, port, islands and reefs, and the scalar function is used especially accurately directly perceived.Both navigate positions, boat angle comprehensive function result of use are better, can guarantee that thus the course line safety economy is efficient.
Description of drawings is as follows:
Fig. 1: basal plane and ennuple resolution spirogram thereof;
Fig. 2: middle point coordinate coincides to collect to resemble and marks on a map;
Fig. 3: linear congruent route map;
Fig. 4: the basic plane image plotting of oblique direct route;
Fig. 5: the basic plane image plotting in course line, diagonal angle;
Fig. 6: the basic plane image plotting of loxodrome;
The basal plane that the present invention relates to promptly is the horizontal section of the bent table of the earth, and it is made of the horizontal area of adjacent two preface ridges warp with adjacent two preface ridge latitude institutes quadrature encirclements.Plane warp, broadwise periphery promptly are basal plane θ
I, r[4] through the ridge limit
R, i[3], latitude ridge limit
I, r[2], the radially central angle on its warp, latitude ridge limit is the entad latitude △ of the angle unit of being respectively φ of unit
r[10], unit longitude △ λ
i[9].The four-quadrant plane angle general designation basal plane angle that per two crossing ridge limits are folded, its angle scale is the basal plane angle staff.Quadrant basal plane angle, broadwise both sides separately with the symmetry at 90 ° at right angle just+△ t, negative-△ t declinate is respectively basal plane walk-off angle and basal plane angle of convergence.The basal plane angle of convergence is that basal plane radius band and ridge warp-wise limit are dwindled folded angle of convergence, is again the interior angle △ Ω of unit of map sheet interior angle Ω
i[11], the longitude △ λ of the angle symmetry unit of being constantly equal in the unit
i[9], 2| △ t|=△ Ω ()/() △ λ thus.
Basal plane θ
I, r[4] warp-wise is arranged the acute angle shape basal plane radius band of formation to limit convergence in mean (or discrete to the equator) in regular turn, and the crossing roof-angle sideline of adjacent two preface basal plane radius bands promptly is the ridge warp
; Basal plane [4] broadwise is arranged the crooked shape basal plane circular arc band that forms the equidistant parallel equator in regular turn, and the crossing roof-angle sideline of adjacent two preface basal plane circular arc bands promptly is the ridge latitude
, ridge through, ridge latitude promptly be respectively through the sequence on ridge limit [3], latitude ridge limit [2] long-pending and.Sequence intersect to constitute sequence basal plane network map in twos thus, and mark course line, graticule constitute promptly that linear congruent chart is always schemed, component on it.
The present invention further specifies as follows in conjunction with specifically tiltedly sailing the course line legend:
According to extra large, empty navigation reality with according to basal plane, the crestal line limit.Boat (mark) line can be summarized as: 1) meridian; 2) circular arc; 3) tiltedly (string) is straight; 4) diagonal angle; 5) isogonism; 6) irregular grade is six types.Because 1) meridian, 2) the circular arc course line overlaps respectively through, parallel, its basal plane ennuple and ennuple presentation are boat angle identical forward straight line, thereby collection resembles that to characterize and resolve boat angle practical significance little, for this reason 1), 2) the present invention of class course line economizes and will not collect approximately that resembling marks on a map haggles over.Other 6) the irregular boat of class (mark) line promptly resembles diagram with Fig. 2 basal plane sequence style to its unit boat (mark) line and phase place, the differential of sequence again of phase angle, collection, and it is mainly with the comprehensive ennuple needs of the basal plane section drawn game standard laid down by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government lattice of boat (mark) line and decide.
The course line of tiltedly sailing among Fig. 3 then is: 3) tiltedly (string) is straight; 4) diagonal angle; 5) loxodrome.Wherein oblique (string) direct route of category-A is the straight line (a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on) that voyage is the shortest and distributed areas are the widest that the present invention redefines.It is characterized in that: the direct route two ends are with crossing with parallel of preface, and this line is the string direct route on this parallel; A certain intercept straight line on the string direct route promptly is oblique direct route A.The master in its unit course line, a pair boat angle are determined that by the interior angle △ Ω of inequality unit it is a main course line of the present invention type.Next be curve (a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on) 4) diagonal angle, 5) loxodrome.The former B line is unique course line, basal plane diagonal angle, and latter C line promptly is the basal plane loxodrome (a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on) of the correspondence displacement of Mo Shi isogonism straight line (a small bundle of straw, etc. for silkworms to spin cocoons on).Wherein Figure of abstract 3 and Fig. 2 are that coincide boat position of point coordinate collects to resemble and marks on a map among boat (mark) line; And Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 then are respectively course line A, B, the angular coordinate of the C boat angle collection that coincides resembles and marks on a map.
The concrete mathematical method principle feature of foundation of the present invention, following points:
1. basal plane crestal line network: earth surface can be regarded basal plane as and through the sequence quadrature closed network curved surface on, latitude ridge limit; Basal plane promptly is the horizontal section on the face of land, and the periphery on this plane is respectively through, latitude ridge limit; Arranging the basal plane radius, circular arc band and the ridge thereof that form in regular turn by basal plane and through, latitude ridge limit through, ridge latitude, is basic standard image strip, the netting twine of map; Basal plane is that collection resembles the base unit drawing of marking on a map.
2. basal plane ennuple presentation: the basal plane perseverance has warp, broadwise tangent line and the tangent plane thereof greater than zero.Coordinate graphic presentations such as its unit boat (mark) line and basal plane boat position, boat angle promptly are basal plane ennuple presentations.
3. basal plane sequence coordinate: basal plane and among, latitude ridge limit perseverance has repeated order row, the angle point geographic coordinate; Basal plane style and style sideline perseverance have among the double sequence, the angle point geographic coordinate.
4. basal plane congruence ratio: with basal plane through the ridge limit and the length ratio in style sideline, as map of the present invention, the congruent ratio 1 of marking on a map: M base (number) standard.
5. basal plane ennuple collection resembles: each basal plane ennuple can be by a certain percentage and according in, angular coordinate bobbin benchmark, the presentation that coincides in regular turn respectively constitutes basal plane boat position, boat footmark shape collection resembles.
6. basal plane scalar general solution: each object basal plane perseverance has ennuple to resolve tolerance.Promptly main, a pair boat angle general solution formula is α
i=α
1+ (i-1) △ Ω, β
i=β
1-(i-1) △ Ω; Sinusoidal, cosine scalar general solution formula is: △ y
i=φ
iSin β
i=dy
i, △ x
i=φ
iCos β
i=dx
iPrinciple is identical therewith: the longitude △ λ of substitution unit
i, latitude △ φ
rAnd style component and sequence are long-pending and, can a direct general solution boat position scalar.
Basic plane image plotting of the present invention and functions of use method thereof:
The basic plane image plotting branch has: point coordinate collection that coincides resembles and marks on a map and (2) angular coordinate collection that coincides resembles and marks on a map in (1).The former (1) class be used for navigating sequence style orientation mark of (mark) line, it is to the preface lattice boat position record in mark (line) point such as harbour, airport, island submerged reef and unit course line, and it is especially accurately directly perceived that scalar uses; The latter (2) class be used for the navigating sequence scale angular dimension of (mark) line, it is to the sequence boat angle record in mark (line) point such as harbour, airport, island submerged reef and unit course line, and scalar uses especially accurately directly perceived.
The object basal plane of Fig. 1 and the feature of basal plane ennuple are: basal plane θ
i[4] and through the ridge limit
R, i[3], latitude ridge limit
I, r[2] how much mid points are the coordinate mid point [6] of basal plane [4], by the warp of mid point, the ordinate that the broadwise tangent line is respectively mid point [6]
R, i[8], horizontal ordinate
I, r[7], promptly be point coordinate in the basal plane with this geographic coordinate that constitutes.The equivalent style marks 2k * 2m root warp, broadwise graticule respectively on longitudinal and transverse coordinate line, and its longitudinal and transverse coordinate scalar promptly is sinusoidal, cosine scalar.Intersect on sequence warp, the corresponding warp with basal plane in latitude graticule two ends, latitude ridge limit, forms basal plane style network.
Referring to Fig. 2: each object basal plane θ
i[4] by a certain percentage and according to basal plane mid point coordinate basis, the presentation that coincides becomes basic plane image plotting.It is characterized in that: at first each basal plane [4] coordinate mid point [6] is superimposed into a collection and resembles coordinate mid point [16], each coordinate mid point vertical [8], horizontal [7] coordinate line coincide presentation for collecting the axis of ordinates [18] that resembles coordinate mid point [16] thereupon, abscissa axis [17] constitutes collection and resembles middle point coordinate with the presentation that coincides of point coordinate in this each basal plane.Thereafter with this coordinate parameter benchmark, each basal plane style presentation that coincides becomes collection and resembles the style basal plane.Meanwhile: latitude ridge limit under on each basal plane [4]
I, r[2] presentation that coincides in regular turn becomes collection and resembles on the basal plane top, bottom axle; About each basal plane [4] through the ridge limit
Ri[3] change presentation in regular turn mutually for collecting the non-oblique parallel border of spacing that is superimposed with in the left and right sides that resembles basal plane; Forming collection thus and resemble basal plane style Fig. 2, is the axle center as if resembling coordinate mid point [16] with collection it on, and to resemble the basal plane style with collection be the direction component standard, in regular turn mark constituent parts course line φ
i[12], can constitute the basal plane boat position collection shown in the Figure of abstract resembles and marks on a map.
The object basal plane of Fig. 3 and Fig. 1 and the feature of basal plane ennuple are: with course line and ridge through crossing interval endpoint as basal plane θ
i[4] coordinate angle point P
i[1], [3], broadwise tangent line [5] are respectively the ordinate limit of angle point [1] to the ridge by angle point [1] through the limit, and the horizontal ordinate limit promptly is the basal plane angular coordinate with this geographic coordinate that constitutes.The equivalent style is marked scribe point respectively on longitudinal and transverse coordinate sideline, promptly is respectively sinusoidal, cosine scalar with this longitudinal and transverse coordinate scalar.And corresponding right side with basal plane, sequence graticule two ends ridge is through the limit [3], and last top broadwise tangent line [5] intersects, and can form basal plane style grid.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6: each object basal plane by a certain percentage and according to basal plane angular coordinate limit benchmark, the presentation that coincides becomes basic plane image plotting.It is characterized in that: each basal plane θ at first
i[4] coordinate angle point [1] is superimposed into a collection and resembles coordinate angle point { P
I, 1 (1≤i≤n)[19], the longitudinal and transverse coordinate limit of each coordinate angle point [1] thereupon, the presentation that coincides resembles axis of ordinates [21] limit of coordinate angle point [19] for collection, and abscissa axis [20] limit serves as a collection image angle point coordinate with this each basal plane angular coordinate presentation that coincides.Thereafter with this coordinate axis limit benchmark, each basal plane style presentation that coincides becomes collection and resembles the style basal plane.Meanwhile: [3] change presentation for collecting the non-oblique parallel border of spacing that is superimposed with in right side that resembles basal plane to the right side ridge of each basal plane [4] in regular turn mutually through the limit; On each basal plane [4] top broadwise tangent line [5] in regular turn mutually repeatedly presentation resemble the non-spacing parallel border that is superimposed with in top on the basal plane for collection; Form collection thus and resemble basal plane style figure.Resembling coordinate angle point [19] with collection again on its figure is the axle center, and to resemble boat angle staff [15] with collection be phase angle calibration standard, mark constituent parts course line φ in regular turn
i[12] be the interval endpoint line, promptly constitute basal plane boat angle collection and resemble and mark on a map.
As shown in Figure 3: course line A, B, C by chart the basal plane network and with the sequence ridge through { R
iWhen intersecting, its sequence intersection point is that interval endpoint is head end P
I1, tail end P
IkPoint is divided into n section unit course line with A, B, C course line
[12], solving n unit course line basal plane of acquisition with this is the object basal plane.Its unit course line [12] and ridge are through the limit [3], and the folded basal plane angle of broadwise tangent line [5] or latitude ridge limit [2] is respectively main boat angle α
i[13] pay boat angle β
i[14], solve n basal plane boat of acquisition footmark shape thus.Each main [13], pay [14] boat angle by basal plane radius band and ridge the interior angle △ Ω of unit through convergence
iDetermine that [11] their sequence equivalences correspond to the angle component that collection resembles boat angle staff [15], thus each basal plane boat footmark shape in regular turn mutually repeatedly presentation constitute basal plane boat angle collection and resemble and mark on a map.
Because each angle point is interval endpoint P
i, be the course line φ of preorder unit
iTail point P
I, k, be again the course line φ of postorder unit
I+1First of end points P
I+1,1The two-end-point line
Promptly be the course line φ of unit
i[12], thus sequence end points { P
i (1＜i＜n)Each course line { φ of preface unit of interval division
i (1≤i≤n), with the corresponding ridge of this end points through the limit, the object basal plane { θ that forms of broadwise tangent line quadrature
i (1≤i≤n), it is characterized in that: cross this end points P
iPositive west (W) broadwise tangent line [5] be preorder object basal plane θ
iOn top margin; Cross this end points P
iDue east (E) broadwise tangent line [5] be postorder object basal plane θ
I+1Under the base; Cross this end points P
iDue south (S) ridge [3] are preorder object basal plane θ through the limit
iRight edge; Cross this end points P
iPositive north (N) ridge [3] are postorder object basal plane θ through the limit
I-1The limit, left side; Put the continuous A that promptly forms on Fig. 3 of direction periphery overstriking black line thus, B, the sequence object basal plane in C course line.
When tiltedly sailing the course line by chart 3, different according to its ridge object basal plane ennuple feature through intersecting with sequence basal plane network, can be divided into typical three kinds: i.e. tiltedly direct route A, course line, diagonal angle B, loxodrome C, they are permanent separately to have the basal plane boat angle collection of different ennuple features to resemble to mark on a map.
Fig. 4: promptly the basal plane of oblique direct route A boat angle collection resembles and marks on a map.It is characterized in that: by the course line φ of unit of angle point [1]
i[12] [3] folded basal plane angle is main boat angle α through the limit with ridge
i[13]; The folded basal plane angle of unit course line [12] by angle point [1] and broadwise tangent line [5] is for paying a boat angle β
i[14]; Because the interior angle △ Ω of unit of ridge permanent oriented limit convergence in mean in [3] and the folded basal plane of broadwise tangent line [5] angle through the limit
i[11], when direct route A tiltedly sails object tea stone [4], unit interior angle { △ Ω then
iJust by basal plane symmetry declinate 2| △ t| directly advanced substitution deeply master, Fu Hangjiao, the master of its adjacent two prefaces, Fu Hangjiao differ the interior angle △ Ω of unit=2| △ t|, a α thus separately
i=α
1+ (i-1) △ Ω, β
i=β
1Repeatedly presentation and corresponding equivalence are labeled as the inequality angle that collection resembles boat angle staff [15] mutually for-(i-1) the basal plane inequality phase angle ennuple of △ Ω general solution, sequence.
Fig. 5: promptly the basal plane of course line, diagonal angle B boat angle collection resembles and marks on a map.It is characterized in that: by the course line φ of unit of angle point [1]
i[12] with through the ridge limit
R, i[3] folded plane angle is main boat angle α
i[13]; Unit course line [12] and latitude ridge limit by angle point [1]
I, r[2] folded basal plane angle is for paying boat angle β
i[14]; Main, pay boat angle sum promptly be by angle point [1] through ridge limit [3] and folded basal plane angle, latitude ridge limit [2].Course line B and ridge warp intersect interval endpoint be basal plane to angular vertex, its sequence master, Fu Hangjiao are all the diagonal angle.α thus
i=α
1(B)-(i-1) △ Ω-△ α; β
i=β
1(B)+ (i-1) basal plane of △ Ω+△ β general solution is to top phase angle ennuple, and repeatedly presentation and corresponding equivalence are labeled as the diagonal angle angle that collection resembles boat angle staff [15] to sequence mutually.
Fig. 6: promptly the basal plane of loxodrome C boat angle collection resembles and marks on a map.It is characterized in that: by the course line φ of unit of angle point [1]
i[12] with ridge through the limit
[3] folded basal plane angle is main boat angle α
i[13]; The folded basal plane angle of unit course line [12] by angle point [1] and broadwise tangent line [5] is for paying a boat angle β
i[14]; Main, pay boat angle sum promptly be ridge by angle point [1] through the limit [3] and the folded basal plane angle of broadwise tangent line [5].The crossing interval endpoint of course line C and ridge warp promptly is angular vertexs such as basal plane, and its sequence master, Fu Hangjiao are all isogonism.α thus
i=α
1(c)-(i-1) △ Ω; β
i=β
1(c)+ (i-1) basal plane of △ Ω general solution is to top phase angle ennuple, and change mutually (coinciding) presentation and corresponding equivalence of sequence is labeled as the isogonism angle that collection resembles boat angle staff [15].
The functionality advantage of basic plane image plotting of the present invention and using method thereof is:
1. course line discretionary security: always sea, empty planned course mostly be the Mo Shi loxodrome, and its is difficult to correct enforcement.The wind sheltering bay is sought and being leaned in addition, and the submerged reef shoal is returned and allowed, and air-sea danger is difficult searches and rescues, and the shoal of fish is pursued to fish for and waits and correctly make a return voyage safely, all need redefine the course line.Then distortion inaccuracy is unavoidable if dependence Mo Shi boat (figure), line are drafted, and especially the ratio of branch preface leg, boat position, the angle of navigating, boat distance is calculated and implemented to travel all very difficult.Then can solve these difficult problems all-sidedly and accurately according to the present invention, the user can independently determine required course line thus, and safety standard ground location navigation is implemented to guarantee.
2. the course line is short prompt economical: tiltedly (string) direct route is compared with great circle route: voyage can be reduced about 0.1%-36%, and short prompt about 0.5-6090 in the sea; If with diagonal angle B, isogonism C course line, corresponding string direct route with it is compared: voyage then reduces 5.12% and 4.22% respectively, reality very directly perceived in a word, direct route is short prompt more economical than bent course line.
3. the function of marking on a map is easy: the present invention makes course line start-stop end points with setting out on the map, station, port of destination or at any 2, and 2 connect straight lines promptly is oblique (string) direct route.This straight line is to make interval endpoint by map and with ridge through intersecting angle point, dividing unit course line, basal plane and boat position, boat footmark shape.Congruent thus chart, collection resemble mark on a map and functions of use very easily easy and very accurate stable.
4. collection resembles boat position accurately: the middle point coordinate collection that coincides resembles that to mark on a map with unit longitude, latitude and branch preface style degree thereof be standard, and the phase place through, latitude when it needn't be extrapolated can be used alone.Only need during real the boat in its table hurdle, sign flag in regular turn respectively: ordinal number, phase deviation are finished in time on date, unit course line to be had not, all of parameter is adjusted in back segment boat position, boat angle, nationality helps basal plane location navigator boat position continuous data thus, accurately basal plane section boat bit function use comprehensively.
5. it is accurate that collection resembles the boat angle: the angular coordinate collection that coincides resembles and marks on a map with the basal plane master, pays the boat angle and branchs preface scale degree is a standard, and the phase place of warp, latitude can be used alone when it needn't be extrapolated.Only need during real the boat in its table hurdle, sign flag in regular turn respectively: ordinal number, boat angular displacement are finished in time on date, unit course line to be had not, all of parameter is adjusted in back segment boat position, boat angle, nationality helps rudder angle operation instrument boat angle meter degrees of data thus, can be comprehensively basal plane section boat angle functions of use accurately.
6. corollary system is complete: in, angular coordinate the boat position, the boat angle collection that coincide resemble and mark on a map and can comprehensively use; Basal plane location navigator and boat angle operation instrument also can comprehensively use; Two figure, the two instrument use of can forming a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees again simultaneously; The interval leg of ", figure, instrument " three's sequence phase, phase angle, scalar and basal plane ennuple of equal value thus, comprehensive function is used comprehensive.
7. range of application is wide: basic plane image plotting is made the functions of use figure of " three boats " traffic route, the geographical graticule in each territory, and is especially real important.In addition, each sciemtifec and technical sphere and engineering system all can be with reference to uses, and the present invention's special topic reserve is extremely wide thus.
8. cost of manufacture is cheap: the present invention needn't distorted projections handle; Also do not want astronomy, terrestrial coordinate monitoring network and satellite, receive answering machine, it calculates device fully extrapolations such as computing machine; And for existing ground mapping data and printed apparatus, all directly evolution of technology, displacement utilize.It only nationality help basal plane location navigator and phase measurtement function to draw, so with low cost.
9. development benefit is remarkable: the present invention can make various costly specially (topic) with map, mark on a map, the standard effect and the economic benefit of its series of products and intellecture property exploitation particularly give prominence to remarkable.
The explanation of drawing reference numeral character:
[1] P
iInterval endpoint is an angle point, [2]
Latitude ridge limit, [3]
Through the ridge limit, [4] θ
iBasal plane, [5] broadwise tangent line, [6] basal plane coordinate mid point, [7]
I, rThe mid point horizontal ordinate, [8]
R, iThe mid point ordinate, [9] △ λ
iThe unit longitude, [10] △ φ
rThe unit latitude, [11] △ Ω
iThe unit interior angle, [12] φ
iThe unit course line, [13] α
iMain boat angle, [14] β
iPay the boat angle, [15] collection resembles the boat angle staff, and [16] collection resembles the coordinate mid point, and [17] collection resembles abscissa axis, and [18] collection resembles axis of ordinates, [19] { P
IlCollection resembles the coordinate angle point, and [20] collection resembles the abscissa axis limit, and [21] collection resembles the axis of ordinates limit.
Claims (9)
1, basic plane image plotting is the functions of use figure of thematic special-purpose linear congruent map.Its technical measures method: be to resemble with congruence with basal plane ennuple collection to resolve the various geographical graticules in course line and each territory of tiltedly sailing of tolerance.It by object basal plane, ridge limit and in, basal plane ennuples such as angular coordinate and unit boat (mark) line and boat, the angle of the navigating presentation that coincides forms.It is characterized in that: by collection resemble basal plane, ridge limit and collection thereof resemble in, angular coordinate, collection resemble the phase place style, collection resembles boat angle staff and each preface unit boat (mark) line and boat (mark) position thereof, (mark) footmark notes formation of navigating.Its divides two kinds of functional forms: the middle point coordinate collection that coincides resembling that to mark on a map be that basal plane boat position collection resembles and marks on a map; The angular coordinate collection that coincides resembling that to mark on a map be that basal plane boat angle collection resembles and marks on a map.
2, the functions of use method of basic plane image plotting: be with basal plane ennuple collection resemble, congruence resolves tolerance and tiltedly sails course line and geographical graticule, particularly tiltedly the basal plane ennuple collection of (string) direct route resemble and congruence to resolve tolerance main.It is with course line and ridge
Crossing angle point is interval endpoint [1], and the course line is divided into the course line φ of n section unit
i[12] and the basal plane ennuple.It is characterized in that: each basal plane is a benchmark with point coordinate wherein, basal plane θ
i[4] latitude ridge limit under on
[2] be superimposed into collection and resemble top on the basal plane, following lower shaft limit; The left and right sides of basal plane [4] is through the ridge limit
[3] change presentation mutually for collecting the non-sideline that coincides, the left and right sides that resembles basal plane; Each basal plane, ridge limit and unit course line, the phase place ennuple presentation that coincides constitutes basal plane boat position collection and resembles and mark on a map thus.Each basal plane is a benchmark with its angular coordinate; The left side ridge of basal plane [4] is through the limit
, 1[3], the broadwise tangent line [5] of going to the bottom is superimposed into collection and resembles left side axis of ordinates [21] limit, the abscissa axis of going to the bottom [20] limit of basal plane; The right side ridge of basal plane [4] is through the limit
, k[3] change presentation mutually for collecting the non-sideline that coincides, right side that resembles basal plane; On the basal plane [4] top broadwise tangent line [5] mutually repeatedly presentation resemble the non-sideline that coincides, top on the basal plane for collection; Each basal plane, ridge limit and the unit course line phase angle ennuple presentation that coincides constitutes basal plane boat position collection and resembles and mark on a map thus.
3, according to the described basic plane image plotting of claim 1.2.By a certain percentage and according to basal plane mid point coordinate basis, the point coordinate collection that coincides resembled and marks on a map during the presentation that coincides in regular turn became by each basal plane, ridge limit and ennuple tolerance thereof.It is characterized in that: each basal plane θ at first
i[4] coordinate mid point [6] is superimposed into a collection and resembles coordinate mid point [16], and its vertical [8] thereupon, horizontal [7] coordinate line coincides and resembles axis of ordinates [18], the abscissa axis [17] of mid point [16] for collection, constitutes collection with this and resembles middle point coordinate.Thereafter on vertical [18], horizontal [17] parameter respectively the equivalent mark mark 2k * 2m root through, latitude preface case marker line, intersect on these preface case marker line two ends and each basal plane ridge limit, so collection resembles branch phase place scalars such as coordinate vertical [18], horizontal stroke [17] parameter, the latitude △ φ of the unit of being
r[10], unit longitude △ λ
i[9] sequence orientation scalar, resembling coordinate mid point [16] with collection again is the axle center, and to resemble the basal plane style with collection be the direction component standard, in regular turn the course line φ of mark unit repeatedly mutually
i[12], can constitute basal plane boat position collection resembles and marks on a map.
4, according to claim 1,2 described basic plane image plottings.By a certain percentage and according to basal plane angular coordinate benchmark, the presentation that coincides in regular turn becomes the angular coordinate collection that coincides and resembles and mark on a map by each basal plane, ridge limit and ennuple tolerance thereof.It is characterized in that: each basal plane θ at first
i[4] coordinate angle point [1] is superimposed into a collection and resembles coordinate angle point [19], and its longitudinal and transverse coordinate line coincides and is axis of ordinates [21] limit, abscissa axis [20] limit of collection image angle point [19] thereupon, constitutes collection image angle point coordinate with this.Thereafter on vertical [21], horizontal [20] coordinate limit axle respectively the equivalent mark mark sequence mark (line) point, serve as to collect to resemble the angle staff [15] that navigates with these vertical [21], horizontal [20] the folded plane angle graduated scale of mark (line) point limit axle that coincides.Resembling coordinate angle point [19] with collection again is the axle center, and to resemble boat angle staff [15] with collection be phase angle calibration standard, and mark unit course line φ in regular turn mutually changes
i[12], promptly constituting basal plane boat angle collection resembles and marks on a map.
5, according to claim 2,4 described basic plane image plottings.Specially (topic) is used for tiltedly sailing the using method of course line A: be the various flight path key elements with basal plane ennuple collection resembles, phase angle is resolved the oblique direct route of tolerance.It is characterized in that: when direct route passed through the sequence basal plane grid of map, course line A reported to the leadship after accomplishing a task angular vertex as interval endpoint division sequence unit course line φ with (folder) mutually of ridge warp
i, basal plane θ
i, its unit course line and ridge through the limit, the folded basal plane angle of broadwise tangent line, promptly main α
i, pay β
iThe boat angle is all the sequence basal plane and all increases the equal declinate that all subtracts the interior angle △ Ω of unit.
6, according to claim 2,4 described basic plane image plottings.Specially (topic) is used for tiltedly sailing the using method of course line B: be the various flight path key elements with basal plane ennuple collection resembles, phase angle is resolved tolerance course line, diagonal angle.It is characterized in that: when the sequence basal plane network of map was passed through in bent course line, course line B handed over (folder) mutually of ridge warp angular vertex is divided sequence unit course line φ as interval endpoint
i, basal plane θ
i, its unit course line with through the ridge limit
R, i, latitude ridge limit
I, rFolded basal plane angle is main α
i, pay β
iThe boat angle all is the diagonal angle of sequence basal plane.
7, according to claim 2,4 described basic plane image plottings.Specially (topic) is used for tiltedly sailing the using method of course line C: be the various flight path key elements with basal plane ennuple collection resembles, phase angle is resolved the tolerance loxodrome.It is characterized in that: when the sequence basal plane network of map was passed through in bent course line, course line C divided sequence unit course line φ with the angular vertexs such as (folder) mutually friendship of ridge warp as interval endpoint
i, basal plane θ
i, its unit course line and ridge through the limit, the folded basal plane angle of broadwise tangent line, promptly main α
i, pay β
iThe boat angle is all the isogonism of sequence basal plane.
8, basic plane image plotting and using method thereof, the mathematical method principle feature of its foundation is as follows: (1). basal plane crestal line network; (2). basal plane ennuple presentation; (3). basal plane sequence coordinate; (4). basal plane congruence ratio; (5). basal plane ennuple collection resembles; (6). basal plane scalar general solution.
9, the master in unit course line, a pair boat angle general solution formula are: α
i=α
1+ (i-1) △ Ω; β
i=β
1-(i-1) △ Ω.Its sine, cosine scalar general solution formula are: △ y
i=φ
iSin β
i=dy
i; △ x
i=φ
iCos β
i=dx
iPrinciple is identical therewith: the longitude △ λ of substitution unit
i, latitude △ φ
rAnd style component and sequence are long-pending and, can a direct general solution boat position scalar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95110745 CN1113024A (en) | 1995-05-03 | 1995-05-03 | Basic plane image plotting and its application method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95110745 CN1113024A (en) | 1995-05-03 | 1995-05-03 | Basic plane image plotting and its application method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1113024A true CN1113024A (en) | 1995-12-06 |
Family
ID=5078093
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95110745 Pending CN1113024A (en) | 1995-05-03 | 1995-05-03 | Basic plane image plotting and its application method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1113024A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103117024A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-22 | 上海市测绘院 | Method for map deformation according to zones |
| WO2019177291A1 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | 정종찬 | Airway configuration method |
-
1995
- 1995-05-03 CN CN 95110745 patent/CN1113024A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103117024A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-22 | 上海市测绘院 | Method for map deformation according to zones |
| CN103117024B (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2015-08-05 | 上海市测绘院 | A kind of method of sectional map distortion |
| WO2019177291A1 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | 정종찬 | Airway configuration method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Soluri et al. | World vector shoreline | |
| US20040098236A1 (en) | System and method for modeling a spheroid world database | |
| Hecht | The electronic chart: functions, potential and limitations of a new marine navigation system | |
| US8365425B2 (en) | Chart specific navigation plotter and method for inexpensive production thereof | |
| CN101923801B (en) | Generation method of regular dodecahedron map projection | |
| CN1113024A (en) | Basic plane image plotting and its application method | |
| US2345020A (en) | Navigational instrument | |
| Kelley Jr | Non‐Mediterranean influences that shaped the Atlantic in the early Portolan charts | |
| Davies | The construction of the Selden map: some conjectures | |
| Kiss et al. | Schmitt’s Map: The Combination of French and Austrian Surveying Expertise in Southern Germany | |
| Baldwin et al. | The use of aerial photographs in soil mapping | |
| Peck | Reconstruction and analysis of the 1513 discovery voyage of Juan Ponce de Leon | |
| Timár et al. | Coordinate systems and georeference of Norwegian historical topographic maps | |
| Fisher | A new projection protractor. I | |
| US4466191A (en) | Method for creating a plat from a metes and bounds property description | |
| Phan et al. | Creating a database with information about Vietnam’s administrative boundaries | |
| Fiske | Topography from Aerial Photographs | |
| Gaspar | How Large Was the Earth in the Sixteenth Century? The Length of the Degree of Latitude in the Iberian Cartography of the Renaissance | |
| Frangeš | Comparison of Two Maps of the Split-Dalmatia County. | |
| Putnam | Nautical charts | |
| Shalowitz | The Chart that Made Navigation History | |
| Olsen | Projections and Grids | |
| CN117671085A (en) | Method and system for measuring and encoding ground feature and land feature and annotation symbol | |
| MUGNIER | The Republic of the Philippines | |
| GRIDS | National geospatial-intelligence agency (nga) standardization document |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |