CN111294522A - HDR image imaging method, device and computer storage medium - Google Patents

HDR image imaging method, device and computer storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111294522A
CN111294522A CN201910150408.XA CN201910150408A CN111294522A CN 111294522 A CN111294522 A CN 111294522A CN 201910150408 A CN201910150408 A CN 201910150408A CN 111294522 A CN111294522 A CN 111294522A
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mapping
hdr
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霍星
蔡进
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Beijing Spreadtrum Hi Tech Communications Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Spreadtrum Hi Tech Communications Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/741—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by increasing the dynamic range of the image compared to the dynamic range of the electronic image sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths

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  • Color Television Image Signal Generators (AREA)
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Abstract

An HDR image imaging method, apparatus and computer storage medium, the method comprising: the image sensor acquires an image to obtain a first image; the image sensor comprises a plurality of pixel blocks arranged in a Bayer array, wherein each pixel block comprises 4 pixel points which are arranged in a 2 x 2 array and have the same color; merging the pixels with the same color in the pixel blocks in the first image to obtain a second image; mapping the bit depth of the second image to be matched with the bit depth supported by an image processor to obtain a third image; and carrying out image signal processing on the third image, and displaying the processed third image. By adopting the scheme, the shot images can provide more dynamic range and image details, and simultaneously, the functions of previewing HDR effect and recording HDR video by the user are realized.

Description

HDR image imaging method, device and computer storage medium
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of image processing, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for HDR image imaging, and a computer storage medium.
Background
Nowadays, people have increasingly high requirements for the imaging quality of image capturing devices.
Compared with a common image, a High-Dynamic Range (HDR) image can provide more Dynamic Range and image details to meet the requirements of people on image imaging quality.
The HDR image imaging scheme in the prior art is software multi-frame synthesis, and the real-time performance of the HDR image imaging scheme is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of poor real-time performance in the HDR image imaging process.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides an HDR image imaging method, including: acquiring an image through an image sensor to obtain a first image; the image sensor comprises a plurality of pixel blocks arranged in a Bayer array, wherein each pixel block comprises 4 pixel points which are arranged in a 2 x 2 array and have the same color; merging the pixels with the same color in the pixel blocks in the first image to obtain a second image; mapping the bit depth of the second image to be matched with the bit depth supported by an image processor to obtain a third image; and carrying out image signal processing on the third image, and displaying the processed third image.
Optionally, the exposure level of the first image is controlled by an automatic exposure system.
Optionally, a non-linear global tone mapping is used to map the bit depth of the second image to match the bit depth supported by the image processor.
Optionally, the nonlinear global tone mapping adopts the following mapping curve calculation formula:
output＝(log2 (input+factor)－log2 (MIN(input)+factor))/(log2 (MAX(input)+factor)－log2 (MIN (input)+factor))，
wherein, input is a pixel value of an input pixel block, output is a pixel value of an output pixel block, max (input) is a maximum pixel value in the input pixel block, min (input) is a minimum pixel value in the input pixel block, and factor is a mapping strength control factor.
Optionally, the third image is converted into a true color image.
Optionally, the Demosaic algorithm is used to convert the third image into a true color image.
The present invention also provides an HDR image imaging apparatus comprising: the acquisition module is used for acquiring an image through the image sensor to obtain a first image; the image sensor comprises a plurality of pixel blocks arranged in a Bayer array, wherein each pixel block comprises 4 pixel points which are arranged in a 2 x 2 array and have the same color; the merging module is used for merging the pixels with the same color in the pixel blocks in the first image to obtain a second image; the mapping module is used for mapping the bit depth of the second image to be matched with the bit depth supported by the image processor to obtain a third image; and the processing module is used for carrying out image signal processing on the third image and displaying the processed third image.
Optionally, the acquisition module is further configured to control an exposure degree of the first image through an automatic exposure system.
Optionally, the mapping module is further configured to map the bit depth of the second image to match the bit depth supported by the image processor by using a non-linear global tone mapping.
Optionally, the mapping module is further configured to perform the nonlinear global tone mapping by using the following mapping curve calculation formula:
output＝(log2 (input+factor)－log2 (MIN(input)+factor))/(log2 (MAX(input)+factor)－log2 (MIN (input)+factor))，
wherein, input is a pixel value of an input pixel block, output is a pixel value of an output pixel block, max (input) is a maximum pixel value in the input pixel block, min (input) is a minimum pixel value in the input pixel block, and factor is a mapping strength control factor.
Optionally, the processing module is further configured to convert the third image into a true color image.
Optionally, the processing module is further configured to convert the third image into a true color image by using a Demosaic algorithm.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions, the computer readable storage medium being a non-volatile storage medium or a non-transitory storage medium, the computer instructions when executed performing the steps of the HDR image imaging method of any of the above.
The invention also provides an HDR image imaging apparatus comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon computer instructions which, when executed, the processor performs the steps of the HDR image imaging method of any of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
acquiring an image through an image sensor to acquire a first image; the image sensor comprises a plurality of pixel blocks arranged in a Bayer array, wherein each pixel block comprises 4 pixel points which are arranged in a 2 x 2 array and have the same color; merging the pixels with the same color in the pixel blocks in the first image to obtain a second image; and mapping the bit depth of the second image to be matched with the bit depth supported by the image processor to obtain a third image. According to the scheme, through improvement on hardware, the HDR image is imaged by adopting the image sensor integrating four pixels, so that the requirements that the shot image can provide more dynamic ranges and image details are met, and the functions of previewing the HDR effect and recording the HDR video in real time by a user are realized.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a HDR image imaging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an HDR image imaging apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Compared with a common image, a High-Dynamic Range (HDR) image can provide more Dynamic Range and image details to meet the requirements of people on image imaging quality.
In the prior art, an HDR image imaging scheme is software multi-frame synthesis, and the real-time performance of the HDR image imaging scheme is poor.
In the embodiment of the invention, image acquisition is carried out through an image sensor, and a first image is acquired; the image sensor comprises a plurality of pixel blocks arranged in a Bayer array, wherein each pixel block comprises 4 pixel points which are arranged in a 2 x 2 array and have the same color; merging the pixels with the same color in the pixel blocks in the first image to obtain a second image; mapping the bit depth of the second image to be matched with the bit depth supported by an image processor to obtain a third image; and carrying out image signal processing on the third image, and displaying the processed third image. According to the scheme, through improvement on hardware, the HDR image imaging is carried out by adopting the image sensor integrating four pixels, so that the requirement that a shot image can provide more dynamic range and image details is met, and the effect that a user can preview the image in real time in the image imaging process is realized.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of an HDR image imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and details are described below through specific steps.
Step S101, image acquisition is carried out through an image sensor to obtain a first image.
In a specific implementation, the image sensor includes a plurality of pixel blocks arranged in a Bayer (Bayer) array, and the pixel blocks include 4 pixel points of the same color arranged in a 2 × 2 array.
In specific implementation, the bayer array is one of the main schemes for realizing color image shooting by a sensor such as CMOS, and the bayer array is composed of a 4 × 4 array of 8 green, 4 blue and 4 red pixels.
In the prior art, when image acquisition is performed, pixel points of each color are arranged according to a bayer array. In the embodiment of the invention, on the hardware level, 4 pixel points of the same color are arranged according to a 2 x 2 array to form pixel blocks, and the pixel blocks of all colors are arranged according to a Bayer array, so that image acquisition is performed. Compared with the scheme in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention is improved on a hardware level, so that the image sensor can acquire more ambient environment information in the image acquisition process and is shown in the image, and the visual effect of the image acquired by the image sensor is improved.
In the prior art, an HDR image can be previewed only after a plurality of frames of images are synthesized by a software algorithm. In the embodiment of the invention, the image sensor is improved on the hardware level, so that the step of synthesizing the image by a software algorithm can be skipped, the imaging effect is displayed in real time in the image acquisition process, and the image effect preview is realized in the image acquisition process.
In specific implementation, the improvement of the image sensor on a hardware level realizes that HDR imaging can be applied in the video shooting process, and the visual effect of the video is improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the exposure degree of the first image is controlled by an automatic exposure system.
In specific implementation, the exposure degree of an image collected by the image sensor can be controlled through an automatic exposure system (AE), and the collected image data can not be saturated in a large area, so that the imaging effect is improved.
And step S102, merging the pixels with the same color in the pixel blocks in the first image to obtain a second image.
In specific implementation, the pixels of the same color arranged in a 2 × 2 array in each pixel block in the first image may be merged to improve the dynamic range and image details provided by each region in the image, and express more ambient environment information in the image, thereby improving the image display effect and realizing HDR image imaging.
In specific implementation, the same color pixels in the pixel blocks are combined, so that the bit depth of the image can be improved.
And step S103, mapping the bit depth of the second image to match with the bit depth supported by the image processor to obtain a third image.
In specific implementation, the image sensor arranges 4 pixel points of the same color according to a 2 × 2 array to form pixel blocks, arranges the pixel blocks of each color according to a bayer array, and after the pixel points of the same color in the pixel blocks are combined, the bit depth of the second image is increased. The bit depth of the second image may be 12bits, while the bit depth supported by the image processor is typically 10 bits. Thus, before the second image is image processed, the bit depth of the second image may be mapped to match the bit depth supported by the image processor.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a non-linear global tone mapping may be adopted to map the bit depth of the second image to match the bit depth supported by the image processor.
In specific implementation, when the bit depth of the second image is mapped by adopting nonlinear mapping, corresponding processing can be performed according to the brightness of different areas of the second image and the image detail condition, so that the brightness of a dark part is improved on the premise of keeping the details of a bright part, and the distortion phenomenon of the image effect of a third image obtained after processing is avoided.
In the embodiment of the invention, the nonlinear global tone mapping adopts the following mapping curve calculation formula:
output＝(log2 (input+factor)－log2 (MIN(input)+factor))/(log2 (MAX(input)+factor)－log2 (MIN (input)+factor))(1)
wherein, input is a pixel value of an input pixel block, output is a pixel value of an output pixel block, max (input) is a maximum pixel value in the input pixel block, min (input) is a minimum pixel value in the input pixel block, and factor is a mapping strength control factor.
In a specific implementation, when the mapping strength control factor is smaller, the mapping strength is higher, the slope of the mapping curve is larger in an interval with smaller input, the brightness improvement capability for the dark part of the image is stronger, the slope of the curve is gradually reduced along with the increase of the input, and the brightness improvement degree of the bright part of the image is gradually reduced to keep the details of the bright part. And gradually weakening the brightness improvement effect of the mapping curve on the dark part of the image along with the increase of the mapping intensity control factor until approaching linear mapping.
And step S104, carrying out image signal processing on the third image, and displaying the processed third image.
In a specific implementation, the third image needs to be subjected to image signal processing before being presented. Image Signal Processing (Image Signal Processing) for Processing an Image Signal output from the Image sensor so as to meet the requirements of the display.
In an embodiment of the invention, the image signal processing comprises converting said third image into a true color image.
In the specific implementation, in the process of acquiring an image by an image sensor, each pixel point corresponds to one of three color channels, so that each pixel point can acquire only one color, the primary color of each pixel point is composed of primary color components of the three color channels in order to recover complete image data, and a third image is processed and converted into a true color image.
In the embodiment of the invention, the Demosaic algorithm is adopted to convert the third image into a true color image.
Therefore, the image sensor is used for collecting the image, and a first image is obtained through collection; the image sensor comprises a plurality of pixel blocks arranged in a Bayer array, wherein each pixel block comprises 4 pixel points which are arranged in a 2 x 2 array and have the same color; merging the pixels with the same color in the pixel blocks in the first image to obtain a second image; mapping the bit depth of the second image to be matched with the bit depth supported by an image processor to obtain a third image; and carrying out image signal processing on the third image, and displaying the processed third image. According to the scheme, through improvement on hardware, the HDR image imaging is carried out by adopting the image sensor integrating four pixels, the acquired image can provide more dynamic range and image details, and meanwhile, the function that a user can preview the image effect in real time in the image imaging process is realized.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of an HDR image imaging apparatus 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the acquisition module 201 is configured to acquire an image through an image sensor to obtain a first image; the image sensor comprises a plurality of pixel blocks arranged in a Bayer array, wherein each pixel block comprises 4 pixel points which are arranged in a 2 x 2 array and have the same color;
a merging module 202, configured to merge pixels of the same color in a pixel block in the first image to obtain a second image;
a mapping module 203, configured to map the bit depth of the second image to match the bit depth supported by the image processor, so as to obtain a third image;
the processing module 204 is configured to perform image signal processing on the third image, and display the processed third image.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition module 201 may further be configured to control an exposure degree of the first image through an automatic exposure system.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the mapping module 203 may be further configured to map the bit depth of the second image to match the bit depth supported by the image processor by using a non-linear global tone mapping.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the mapping module 203 is further configured to perform the nonlinear global tone mapping by using the following mapping curve calculation formula:
output＝(log2 (input+factor)－log2 (MIN(input)+factor))/(log2 (MAX(input)+factor)－log2 (MIN (input)+factor))；
wherein, input is a pixel value of an input pixel block, output is a pixel value of an output pixel block, max (input) is a maximum pixel value in the input pixel block, min (input) is a minimum pixel value in the input pixel block, and factor is a mapping strength control factor.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the processing module 204 may be further configured to convert the third image into a true color image.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the processing module 204 may be further configured to convert the third image into a true color image by using a Demosaic algorithm.
Also provided in an embodiment of the present invention is a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions, where the computer instructions are non-volatile storage media or non-transitory storage media, and when executed, perform the steps of the HDR image imaging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
The HDR image imaging apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present invention further includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the steps of the HDR image imaging method provided in the embodiments of the present invention when the computer instructions are executed.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks, and the like.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. An HDR image imaging method, comprising:
acquiring an image through an image sensor to obtain a first image; the image sensor comprises a plurality of pixel blocks arranged in a Bayer array, wherein each pixel block comprises 4 pixel points which are arranged in a 2 x 2 array and have the same color;
merging the pixels with the same color in the pixel blocks in the first image to obtain a second image;
mapping the bit depth of the second image to be matched with the bit depth supported by an image processor to obtain a third image;
and carrying out image signal processing on the third image, and displaying the processed third image.
2. The HDR image imaging method of claim 1, wherein said image acquisition by an image sensor comprises:
controlling an exposure level of the first image by an automatic exposure system.
3. The HDR image imaging method of claim 1, wherein said mapping the bit depth of the second image to match the bit depth supported by an image processor comprises:
and mapping the bit depth of the second image to be matched with the bit depth supported by the image processor by adopting nonlinear global tone mapping.
4. A HDR image imaging method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said non-linear global tone mapping employs the following mapping curve calculation formula:
output＝(log2 (input+factor)－log2 (MIN(input)+factor))/(log2 (MAX(input)+factor)－log2 (MIN(input)+factor))，
wherein, input is a pixel value of an input pixel block, output is a pixel value of an output pixel block, max (input) is a maximum pixel value in the input pixel block, min (input) is a minimum pixel value in the input pixel block, and factor is a mapping strength control factor.
5. An HDR image imaging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said image signal processing of the third image comprises:
and converting the third image into a true color image.
6. An HDR image imaging method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said converting the third image into a true color image comprises:
and converting the third image into a true color image by adopting a Demosaic algorithm.
7. An HDR image imaging apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring an image through the image sensor to obtain a first image; the image sensor comprises a plurality of pixel blocks arranged in a Bayer array, wherein each pixel block comprises 4 pixel points which are arranged in a 2 x 2 array and have the same color;
the merging module is used for merging the pixels with the same color in the pixel blocks in the first image to obtain a second image;
the mapping module is used for mapping the bit depth of the second image to be matched with the bit depth supported by the image processor to obtain a third image;
and the processing module is used for carrying out image signal processing on the third image and displaying the processed third image.
8. An HDR image imaging apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the capture module is further configured to control the degree of exposure of the first image by an automatic exposure system.
9. An HDR image imaging apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the mapping module is further configured to map the bit depth of the second image to match the bit depth supported by the image processor using a non-linear global tone mapping.
10. The HDR image imaging apparatus of claim 9, wherein the mapping module is further configured to perform the non-linear global tone mapping using the following mapping curve calculation formula:
output＝(log2 (input+factor)－log2 (MIN(input)+factor))/(log2 (MAX(input)+factor)－log2 (MIN(input)+factor))，
wherein, input is a pixel value of an input pixel block, output is a pixel value of an output pixel block, max (input) is a maximum pixel value in the input pixel block, min (input) is a minimum pixel value in the input pixel block, and factor is a mapping strength control factor.
11. An HDR image imaging apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein said processing module is further configured to convert said third image into a true color image.
12. The HDR image imaging apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processing module is further configured to employ a Demosaic algorithm to convert the third image into a true color image.
13. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions, the computer readable storage medium being a non-volatile storage medium or a non-transitory storage medium, wherein the computer instructions when executed perform the steps of the HDR image imaging method of any of claims 1 to 6.
14. An HDR image imaging apparatus comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions, when executed, the processor performs the steps of the HDR image imaging method of any of claims 1 to 6.
CN201910150408.XA 2019-02-28 2019-02-28 HDR image imaging method, device and computer storage medium Pending CN111294522A (en)

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