CN111293921B - Adjustable RC (resistor-capacitor) micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge - Google Patents

Adjustable RC (resistor-capacitor) micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge Download PDF

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CN111293921B
CN111293921B CN201911388730.2A CN201911388730A CN111293921B CN 111293921 B CN111293921 B CN 111293921B CN 201911388730 A CN201911388730 A CN 201911388730A CN 111293921 B CN111293921 B CN 111293921B
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capacitor
switching tube
discharge
switch tube
gap
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CN111293921A (en
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杨飞
邵佳钰
覃徳凡
吴鹏程
史顺飞
汪志鹏
方斌
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M11/00—Power conversion systems not covered by the preceding groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
    • B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
    • H03K3/57—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H02M3/1586—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable RC (resistance-capacitance) micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge, which comprises a main power loop, a driving circuit, an auxiliary power supply, a direct-current voltage source and an FPGA (field programmable gate array) controller, wherein the main power loop is used for providing breakdown voltage and discharge energy after breakdown for a gap; the direct current voltage source provides voltage for the main power loop; the auxiliary power supply provides voltage for the driving circuit; the FPGA controller is used for outputting a PWM control signal to the drive circuit; the driving circuit carries out digital isolation and amplification on the PWM control signal to generate a driving signal to drive the switch-on and switch-off of a switch tube in the main power loop; the main power loop adopts an RC type circuit with adjustable input resistance and three circuits of capacitors connected in parallel in a staggered mode as a topology. The invention improves the working efficiency and the flexibility of the power supply and shortens the charging time.

Description

Adjustable RC (resistor-capacitor) micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-frequency micro electric spark machining technology, in particular to an adjustable RC (resistance capacitance) micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge.
Background
The pulse power supply, which is a core part of the electric discharge machine, has important influences on the roughness of a machined surface, the damage degree of a tool electrode, the machining precision, the machining efficiency and the electric energy utilization rate. Therefore, the processing quality puts high demands on the energy level and the processing efficiency of the pulse power supply. At present, in the field of micro electric spark machining, a pulse power supply mainly adopts a relaxation type or independent topological structure, the relaxation type pulse power supply is simple in structure and low in single discharge energy, but is low in discharge frequency and low in machining efficiency, and in addition, the relaxation type pulse power supply needs to be provided with a direct-current voltage source with a certain high voltage. The independent pulse power supply has high discharge frequency and controllable discharge pulse width, but has high power and damping loss, and is not suitable for micro-machining.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an adjustable RC (resistance capacitance) micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge, so that energy controllability and continuous high-frequency discharge of the power supply are realized.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an adjustable RC (resistance-capacitance) micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge comprises a main power loop, a driving circuit, an auxiliary power supply, a direct-current voltage source and an FPGA (field programmable gate array) controller, wherein the main power loop is used for providing breakdown voltage and discharge energy after breakdown for a gap; the direct current voltage source provides voltage for the main power loop; the auxiliary power supply provides voltage for the driving circuit; the FPGA controller is used for outputting a PWM control signal to the drive circuit; the driving circuit carries out digital isolation and amplification on the PWM control signal to generate a driving signal to drive the switch tube in the main power loop to be switched on and switched off; the main power loop adopts an RC type circuit with adjustable input resistance and three circuits of capacitors connected in parallel in a staggered mode as a topology, and comprises a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, a sixth switch tube, a seventh switch tube, an eighth switch tube, a first inductor, an input capacitor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first diode, a second diode, a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein the seventh switch tube and the eighth switch tube are connected with the input capacitor, the other ends of the first resistor and the second resistor are respectively connected with the first resistor and the second resistor, the other ends of the first resistor and the second resistor are connected with the fourth switch tube, the other end of the fourth switch tube is connected with the first inductor, the other end of the first inductor is connected with the anode of the first diode, the first switch tube, the second switch tube and the third switch tube are respectively connected with the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the third capacitor, the other end of the first switch tube is connected with the cathode of the first diode, the fifth switch tube is connected with the connection point of the cathode of the first diode and the first switch tube, the other end of the fifth switch tube is connected with the anode of the second diode, the sixth switch tube is connected with the cathode of the second diode, and the other end of the sixth switch tube is connected with the connection point of the input capacitor, the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the third capacitor, namely connected with the gap grounding point.
The first switch tube, the second switch tube and the third switch tube are N-channel MOSFETs of an FCP165N65S3 with the model of an ON Semiconductor company, and the fourth switch tube, the fifth switch tube, the sixth switch tube, the seventh switch tube and the eighth switch tube are N-channel MOSFETs of an infineon company with the model of an IPP60R74C 6.
The first inductor is made of MPH201206S1R0MT made by Sunlord corporation.
The FPGA controller is in the model number of EP4CE15F23C 8.
The drive circuit selects a drive chip UCC 21521.
A gap machining method based on the adjustable RC micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before the gap is not broken down, a corresponding multi-channel PWM signal is generated by an FPGA controller, after the multi-channel PWM signal is amplified by a driving circuit, a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube and a fourth switch tube are controlled to be completely switched on, a fifth switch tube and a sixth switch tube are controlled to be completely switched off, the on-off of a seventh switch tube and an eighth switch tube is controlled according to production requirements to adjust the resistance value of a current-limiting resistor in a power loop, at the moment, the first switch tube, the second switch tube, the third switch tube, the fourth switch tube, the seventh switch tube and/or the eighth switch tube form a charging part of an RC circuit, a direct-current voltage source charges three discharging capacitors, namely the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the third capacitor, the first inductor generates an induced potential to further raise the charging voltage, the raised potential is clamped by the first diode, and the charging speed is accelerated;
step two: when the voltage at the two ends of the gap reaches the breakdown voltage, the gap is broken down, a discharge channel is formed between the electrode and the workpiece, corresponding multi-channel PWM signals are generated by the FPGA controller during gap discharge, the fourth switch tube and the sixth switch tube are controlled to be turned off after the signals are amplified by the driving circuit, the discharge loop part of the RC circuit is formed by the first switch tube, the second switch tube, the third switch tube and the fifth switch tube, the three discharge capacitors, namely the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the third capacitor, are connected in parallel in a staggered mode, forward machining current is provided for gap load through the second diode, the gap is subjected to continuous high-frequency micro-energy discharge, and the workpiece is precisely machined;
step three: after the discharge is finished, the gap enters a deionization stage, after the single discharge is finished and before the next discharge period begins, the FPGA controller generates a corresponding PWM signal, the PWM signal is amplified by the driving circuit and controls the sixth switching tube to be conducted, and other switching tubes are all turned off, so that the voltage at the two ends of the gap is zero, and the gap enters a deionization stage of the circuit to prepare for the discharge of the next period;
step four: and repeating the three steps to realize the cycle of the processing period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1) the micro-pulse power supply has simple structure, high efficiency and energy conservation, and very small discharge energy to meet the micro-machining energy requirement; 2) the power topology adopts the RC type circuit with three charging capacitors connected in parallel in a staggered way, and compared with the traditional pulse power supply, the power topology can realize three times of discharging frequency and improve the working efficiency of the power supply; 3) the charging loop adopts the combined work of two paths of resistors, the resistance value of the charging resistor can be flexibly adjusted and changed through a switching tube, so that parameters such as the resistance value of a current-limiting resistor, the charging time and the like can be adjusted at will, and the flexibility of a power supply is improved; 4) the charging loop is provided with a combination of an inductor and a diode which are connected in series, and the diode plays a clamping role to realize the lifting of charging voltage, shorten the charging time and further improve the switching frequency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an architecture of an adjustable RC micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor interleaving discharge according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the main power loop of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a driving chip selected by the driving circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a discharge waveform of the adjustable RC micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor interleaved discharge according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the adjustable RC micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor interleaving discharge includes a main power loop, a driving circuit, an auxiliary power supply, a dc voltage source, and an FPGA controller. The main power loop is used for providing breakdown voltage and discharge energy after breakdown for the gap; the direct current voltage source provides voltage for the main power loop; the auxiliary power supply provides voltage for the driving circuit; the FPGA controller is used for outputting a PWM control signal to the drive circuit according to a given target parameter; the driving circuit carries out digital isolation and amplification on the PWM control signal to generate a driving signal to drive the switch tube in the main power loop to be switched on and switched off.
As shown in fig. 2, the main power loop adopts an RC-type circuit with an adjustable input resistance and three capacitors connected in parallel in a staggered manner as a topology, and includes a first switching tube Q 1 A second switch tube Q 2 And a third switching tube Q 3 And a fourth switching tube Q 4 The fifth switch tube Q 5 And a sixth switching tube Q 6 The seventh switch tube Q 7 The eighth switch tube Q 8 A first inductor L 1 An input capacitor C in A first capacitor C 1 A second capacitor C 2 A third capacitor C 3 A first diode D 1 A second diode D 2 A first resistor R 1 A second resistance R 2 Wherein, the seventh switch tube Q 7 The eighth switch tube Q 8 And an input capacitor C in Connected with the other end of the first resistor R respectively 1 A second resistor R 2 Connected to a first resistor R 1 A second resistor R 2 The other end and a fourth switching tube Q 4 Connected to a fourth switching tube Q 4 The other end is connected with the first inductor L 1 First inductance L 1 The other end of the first diode is connected with the first diode D 1 Is connected with the anode of the first switch tube Q 1 A second switch tube Q 2 And a third switching tube Q 3 Are respectively connected with the first capacitor C 1 A second capacitor C 2 A third capacitor C 3 Connected with each other at the other endConnecting a first diode D 1 Cathode of (1), fifth switching tube Q 5 And a first diode D 1 Cathode and first switching tube Q 1 Is connected with the other end of the first diode D 2 The sixth switching tube Q 6 And a second diode D 2 Is connected with the cathode of the input capacitor C, and the other end of the input capacitor C in And a first capacitor C 1 A second capacitor C 2 A third capacitor C 3 I.e. to the gap ground point. D 1 Acting as a clamp, D 2 The gap voltage oscillation can be prevented from generating the reverse current of the current. Second diode D 2 Cathode of and a sixth switching tube Q 6 Connected with the other end of the fifth switch tube Q 5 Connected, a sixth switching tube Q 6 Are connected at both ends of the gap. The main power loop is divided into a charging loop and a discharging loop, the charging loop adopts two charging resistors which are connected in parallel, the change of the resistance value is adjusted by switching on and switching off the switch, in addition, the induced electromotive force is generated by the inductor which is connected in series in the charging loop, the charging voltage is further increased, and the charging time is shortened so as to improve the processing frequency; the discharge loop adopts the combination of three circuits of capacitors in staggered parallel connection, and realizes the high-frequency charging and discharging process through the time sequence control of the switch tube, thereby enabling the gap to be broken down for discharging, and after the single discharge is finished, the switch tube Q 6 And conducting, pulling the voltage at the two ends of the gap to 0V, and enabling the gap to enter a deionization stage to prepare for breakdown in the next period.
In the main power loop, a switching tube Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 The N-channel MOSFET of the ON Semiconductor company with the model number of FCP165N65S3 is selected and used, and the drain-source voltage resistance V of the N-channel MOSFET is adopted DS Up to 650V, rated current I D 19A, a switching tube Q 4 、Q 5 、Q 6 、Q 7 、Q 8 An N-channel MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor) with the model number of IPP60R74C6 and the drain-source voltage V of the same is selected by infineon DS Up to 600V, rated current I D 57.7A, the working frequency is up to 1MHz, and the high-frequency high-voltage micro-electro-discharge machining device can be used in high-frequency, high-voltage and low-current micro-electro-discharge machining. The first inductor is selected from Sunlord model MPH201206S1R0MT and inductance value of 1 muH, the diode is selected from FFP30S60S and reverseThe current 30A is continuously conducted in the forward direction to withstand voltage 600V.
And signals for controlling the on-off of the MOS tube in the power loop are generated by the FPGA controller. The FPGA selects the model number EP4CE15F23C8 as a high-speed processor of the cycle IV series of Altera company, the clock frequency of the high-speed processor reaches 472MHz, and two paths of high-speed and high-precision AD conversion chips are arranged for inputting sampling signals.
Considering that the FPGA is not enough to drive the on-off of the switch tube and the mutual influence between the power circuit and the weak current circuit, an isolated driving circuit is needed between the FPGA and the power circuit and is used for amplifying a control signal sent by the FPGA and outputting a driving signal with a certain voltage amplitude value meeting the driving capability.
As shown in fig. 3, the driving circuit of the present invention uses a high-low end driving chip with isolation, and here, a gate driving IC chip with a model number of UCC21521, which is made by Texas Instruments, receives the PWM output signal of the FPGA, and the PWM output signal is amplified by the driving chip and then drives the switching tube in the power loop. The grid driving chip is a dual-channel, high-speed, internally isolated and grid driving chip with an enabling pin, the bandwidth is up to 5MHz, the isolation voltage is up to 5.7kV, and the surge anti-interference voltage is 12.8 kV. The driving chip can generate high-end and low-end driving at the same time, and the primary side and the secondary side are isolated, so that the interference between a main circuit and a control circuit is reduced.
The adjustable RC micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge adopts the RC circuit with the power inductor for boosting voltage and the three-way charging capacitor in staggered parallel connection, and a diode is connected in series at the output side of the power supply, so that the current reverse flow caused by gap voltage oscillation can be prevented. The pulse power supply has the advantages of simple structure, energy storage by a capacitor, no resistance, high efficiency and energy saving, improves the discharge frequency to three times compared with the traditional power supply, has low requirement on the voltage of a direct-current voltage source, and is flexible and reliable to control.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gap voltage current waveform for a machining cycle including three breakdown discharge processes. At the beginning of the machining cycle, the gap output voltage is no-load voltage; after the charging capacitor finishes charging, when the voltage at two ends of the gap reaches breakdown voltageDuring voltage, gap breakdown occurs, gap voltage is rapidly reduced to maintenance voltage, gap current is rapidly increased at the moment, three paths of charging capacitors work in a staggered parallel connection mode in a single processing period, breakdown voltage is sequentially provided for gaps, accordingly, tripling of discharging frequency is achieved, and after discharging is finished, the gap current is reduced to 0. After one processing period is finished, the switching tube Q 6 Conducting and enabling the gap to enter a deionization stage. The gap processing method of the adjustable RC micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: in the arc striking stage before the gap is not broken down, the FPGA controller generates corresponding multi-path PWM signals, and controls the first switch tube Q after the signals are amplified by the driving circuit 1 A second switch tube Q 2 And a third switching tube Q 3 And a fourth switching tube Q 4 All are conducted to control the fifth switch tube Q 5 And a sixth switching tube Q 6 All are switched off, and the seventh switching tube Q is controlled according to production requirements 7 The eighth switch tube Q 8 The resistance value of the current-limiting resistor in the power loop is adjusted by the on-off of the first switch tube Q 1 A second switch tube Q 2 And a third switching tube Q 3 And a fourth switching tube Q 4 And a seventh switching tube Q 7 And/or an eighth switching tube Q 8 A DC voltage source V constituting a charging part of the RC circuit in For three discharging capacitors, i.e. the first capacitor C 1 A second capacitor C 2 A third capacitor C 3 Charging is carried out, the first inductor L 1 Generating an induced potential to further raise the charging voltage, a first diode D 1 Clamping the raised potential to accelerate the charging speed;
step two: when the voltage at the two ends of the gap reaches the breakdown voltage, the gap breaks down, a discharge channel is formed between the electrode and the workpiece, and during the gap discharge, the FPGA controller generates corresponding multi-path PWM signals, and the multi-path PWM signals are amplified by the driving circuit to control the fourth switch tube Q 4 And a sixth switching tube Q 6 Turn off, at this time by the first switch tube Q 1 A second switch tube Q 2 And a third switching tube Q 3 The fifth switch tube Q 5 Form RC electricityThe discharge loop part of the circuit, three discharge capacitors, i.e. the first capacitor C 1 A second capacitor C 2 A third capacitor C 3 Working in parallel alternately through a second diode D 2 Providing positive processing current for the gap load, and continuously discharging high-frequency micro energy in the gap to realize the precise processing of the workpiece;
step three: after the discharge is finished, the gap enters a deionization stage, after the single discharge is finished and before the next discharge period begins, the FPGA controller generates a corresponding PWM signal, and controls the switching tube Q after the PWM signal is amplified by the driving circuit 6 Conducting, and turning off other switch tubes to make the voltage at two ends of the gap zero, and making the gap enter a deionization stage of the circuit to prepare for the next period of discharge;
step four: and repeating the three steps to realize the cycle of the processing period.

Claims (6)

1. An adjustable RC (resistance-capacitance) micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor staggered discharge is characterized by comprising a main power loop, a driving circuit, an auxiliary power supply, a direct-current voltage source and an FPGA (field programmable gate array) controller, wherein the main power loop is used for providing breakdown voltage and discharge energy after breakdown for a gap; the direct current voltage source provides voltage for the main power loop; the auxiliary power supply provides voltage for the driving circuit; the FPGA controller is used for outputting a PWM control signal to the drive circuit; the driving circuit carries out digital isolation and amplification on the PWM control signal to generate a driving signal to drive the switch tube in the main power loop to be switched on and switched off; the main power loop adopts an RC type circuit with adjustable input resistance and three circuits of capacitors connected in parallel in a staggered mode as a topology and comprises a first switching tube (Q) 1 ) A second switch tube (Q) 2 ) A third switch tube (Q) 3 ) A fourth switch tube (Q) 4 ) And a fifth switching tube (Q) 5 ) And a sixth switching tube (Q) 6 ) And a seventh switching tube (Q) 7 ) And an eighth switching tube (Q) 8 ) A first inductor (L) 1 ) Input capacitance (C) in ) A first capacitor (C) 1 ) A second capacitor (C) 2 ) A third capacitor (C) 3 ) A first diode (D) 1 ) A second diode (D) 2 ) A first resistor (R) 1 ) Second, secondResistance (R) 2 ) Wherein, the seventh switch tube (Q) 7 ) And an eighth switching tube (Q) 8 ) And an input capacitance (C) in ) Connected with the other end of the first resistor (R) 1 ) A second resistor (R) 2 ) Connected to a first resistor (R) 1 ) A second resistor (R) 2 ) The other end and a fourth switching tube (Q) 4 ) Connected, a fourth switching tube (Q) 4 ) Another end is connected to the first inductor (L) 1 ) First inductance (L) 1 ) The other end and a first diode (D) 1 ) Is connected with the anode of the first switch tube (Q) 1 ) A second switch tube (Q) 2 ) And a third switching tube (Q) 3 ) Are respectively connected with the first capacitor (C) 1 ) A second capacitor (C) 2 ) A third capacitor (C) 3 ) Connected to each other, and the other end is connected to a first diode (D) 1 ) Cathode of (1), fifth switching tube (Q) 5 ) And a first diode (D) 1 ) And a first switching tube (Q) 1 ) Is connected with the other end of the first diode (D) 2 ) Anode of (2), sixth switching tube (Q) 6 ) And a second diode (D) 2 ) Is connected with the cathode of the input capacitor (C) at the other end in ) And a first capacitance (C) 1 ) A second capacitor (C) 2 ) A third capacitor (C) 3 ) Is connected, i.e. to the gap ground.
2. The tunable RC micro-pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor interleaved discharge of claim 1, wherein the first switch tube (Q) is 1 ) A second switch tube (Q) 2 ) A third switch tube (Q) 3 ) An N-channel MOSFET with the model number of FCP165N65S3 is selected, and the fourth switching tube (Q) 4 ) And a fifth switching tube (Q) 5 ) And a sixth switching tube (Q) 6 ) And a seventh switching tube (Q) 7 ) An eighth switching tube (Q) 8 ) An N-channel MOSFET of the IPP60R74C6 type was chosen.
3. The tunable RC fine pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor interleaved discharge of claim 1, wherein the first inductor (L) is a capacitor 1 ) The model number is MPH201206S1R0 MT.
4. The adjustable RC micro pulse power supply based on three-way capacitor interleaved discharge of claim 1, wherein the FPGA controller is selected from the model EP4CE15F23C 8.
5. The adjustable RC micropulse power supply based on three-way capacitor interleaving discharge of claim 1, wherein said driving circuit is a driving chip UCC 21521.
6. The gap machining method of the adjustable RC micro-pulse power supply based on the three-way capacitor interleaving discharge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before the gap is not broken down, the FPGA controller generates corresponding multi-path PWM signals, and controls a first switch tube (Q) after the signals are amplified by a driving circuit 1 ) A second switch tube (Q) 2 ) And a third switching tube (Q) 3 ) And a fourth switching tube (Q) 4 ) All are conducted to control the fifth switch tube (Q) 5 ) And a sixth switching tube (Q) 6 ) All are switched off, and a seventh switching tube (Q) is controlled according to production requirements 7 ) An eighth switching tube (Q) 8 ) The resistance value of the current-limiting resistor in the power loop is adjusted by the on-off of the first switch tube (Q) 1 ) A second switch tube (Q) 2 ) And a third switching tube (Q) 3 ) And a fourth switching tube (Q) 4 ) And a seventh switching tube (Q) 7 ) And/or an eighth switching tube (Q) 8 ) A DC voltage source (V) constituting a charging part of the RC circuit in ) To three discharge capacitors, i.e. the first capacitor (C) 1 ) A second capacitor (C) 2 ) A third capacitor (C) 3 ) Charging is carried out, the first inductance (L) 1 ) Generating an induced potential to further increase the charging voltage, a first diode (D) 1 ) Clamping the raised potential to accelerate the charging speed;
step two: when the voltage at the two ends of the gap reaches the breakdown voltage, the gap breaks down, a discharge channel is formed between the electrode and the workpiece, and when the gap enters the gap discharge period, the FPGA controller generates corresponding multi-path PWM signals,after being amplified by the driving circuit, the fourth switching tube (Q) is controlled 4 ) And a sixth switching tube (Q) 6 ) Is turned off and is controlled by the first switch tube (Q) 1 ) A second switch tube (Q) 2 ) And a third switching tube (Q) 3 ) And a fifth switching tube (Q) 5 ) A discharge loop part forming an RC circuit, three discharge capacitors, namely a first capacitor (C) 1 ) A second capacitor (C) 2 ) A third capacitor (C) 3 ) Working in parallel alternately, via a second diode (D) 2 ) Providing positive processing current for the gap load, and continuously discharging high-frequency micro energy in the gap to realize the precise processing of the workpiece;
step three: after the discharge is finished, the gap enters a deionization stage, after the single discharge is finished and before the next discharge period begins, the FPGA controller generates a corresponding PWM signal, and controls a sixth switching tube (Q) after the PWM signal is amplified by a driving circuit 6 ) Conducting, and turning off other switch tubes to make the voltage at two ends of the gap zero, and making the gap enter a deionization stage of the circuit to prepare for the next period of discharge;
step four: and repeating the three steps to realize the circulation of the processing period.
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