CN111288870A - Measuring system of inner curved surface cavity - Google Patents
Measuring system of inner curved surface cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN111288870A CN111288870A CN202010335329.9A CN202010335329A CN111288870A CN 111288870 A CN111288870 A CN 111288870A CN 202010335329 A CN202010335329 A CN 202010335329A CN 111288870 A CN111288870 A CN 111288870A
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- inner curved
- cavity
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- curved surface
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0025—Measuring of vehicle parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/20—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of detection and measurement, and specifically discloses a measurement system of inner curved surface cavity, and this measurement system includes: a frame provided with a clamp and a guide rail; the support is arranged on the rack in a sliding manner through a guide rail, and a plurality of elastic measuring devices with contact heads are mounted and carried on the support; wherein each contact head of the plurality of elasticity measuring devices of the support has a radially extended position and a radially retracted position that are reciprocally switchable, and in an activated state of the elasticity measuring devices, each contact head of the plurality of elasticity measuring devices of the support is in the radially retracted position; in the non-actuated state of the elasticity measuring device, the respective contact heads of the plurality of elasticity measuring devices of the mount are in a radially extended position. According to the technical scheme of the application, each contact head is provided with a radial extending position and a radial contracting position which can be converted in a reciprocating mode through the state change of the elastic measuring device, and therefore the inner curved surface cavity of the workpiece can be automatically measured.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of detection and measurement of mechanical parts, in particular to a measurement system for an inner curved surface cavity.
Background
Before the mechanical parts leave a factory, detection and measurement are needed to ensure that all parameters of the mechanical parts meet working requirements. In addition to the parameters of the surface of the mechanical part, it is also important to detect the parameters of the hollow or perforated mechanical part, such as the size and shape of the inner surface thereof. Such as measurements of the inner curved cavity of the differential case.
The processing and detection of inner curved surface cavities of parts such as differentials and the like are always technical difficulties in the industries of automobiles and parts. Conventionally, because the detected element is an inner curved surface cavity, a shell needs to be positioned and then reaches a detection point by adopting a special contact along a specific track, the detection point is limited by a narrow shell window, the detection process is complicated, the detection efficiency is low, generally, the detection point can only be used for spot inspection in a trial sample stage or during batch product production, and online real-time batch automatic detection cannot be realized.
Therefore, how to automatically detect the inner curved surface cavity of the mechanical part becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a measurement system for an inner curved surface cavity, so as to implement automatic detection of an inner curved surface cavity of a mechanical component, and improve detection efficiency.
According to the present application, a system for measuring an inner curved surface cavity is provided, the system comprising: the device comprises a machine frame and a positioning device, wherein the machine frame is provided with a clamp and a guide rail, the clamp is used for fixedly clamping a to-be-measured piece with an inner curved surface cavity, and the guide rail extends towards the clamp; the support is arranged on the rack in a sliding manner through the guide rail, and a plurality of elastic measuring devices with contact heads are mounted and carried on the support; wherein each contact of the plurality of elastic measuring devices of the support has a radially extended position and a radially retracted position that are reciprocally switchable, and in an actuated state of the elastic measuring devices, each contact of the plurality of elastic measuring devices of the support is in the radially retracted position to allow each contact of the plurality of elastic measuring devices carried by the support to enter and exit the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured through the opening thereof; in a non-actuated state of the elastic measuring device, each contact of the plurality of elastic measuring devices of the support is in the radially extended position so as to abut against a corresponding measuring point of the inner curved surface cavity of the piece to be measured in a state where each contact of the plurality of elastic measuring devices is located within the inner curved surface cavity.
Preferably, the distribution range of the end points of the contact heads of the elastic measuring devices carried by the same support on the inner curved surface of the inner curved surface cavity is limited to the area of a half curved surface.
Preferably, the support includes a first support and a second support respectively located on two sides of the fixture, each contact of the plurality of elastic measurement devices carried by the first support can extend into the inner curved cavity through a first opening of the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured, and each contact of the plurality of elastic measurement devices carried by the second support can extend into the inner curved cavity through a second opening of the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured, the second opening being opposite to the first opening.
Preferably, each contact of the plurality of elastic measuring devices carried by the first support is distributed on the first half curved surface of the inner curved surface cavity; and the contact heads of the elastic measuring devices borne by the second support are distributed on the remaining second semi-curved surface of the inner curved surface cavity.
Preferably, the first semi-curved surface and the second semi-curved surface are distinguished by a vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
Preferably, the measurement points include a plurality of first measurement points distributed on the first semi-curved surface and a plurality of second measurement points distributed on the second semi-curved surface, and projections of the plurality of first measurement points and the plurality of second measurement points in a direction perpendicular to the vertical plane are distributed in a cross shape, a circle shape or a random shape.
Preferably, the inner curved surface cavity is an inner spherical surface cavity or an inner ellipsoidal surface cavity or at least a part of the inner surface thereof is a spherical surface or an ellipsoidal surface.
Preferably, the piece to be measured is a differential case.
Preferably, the elasticity measuring device includes: the connector comprises a base part and a connecting part, wherein the base part and the connecting part are arranged at intervals, and a contact head is arranged on the connecting part and extends away from the base part; a first elastic deformation body and a second elastic deformation body which are connected between the base member and the connecting member at intervals to form a quadrangular structure; the cantilever part is fixedly arranged on the connecting piece and extends to the base part from the connecting piece, and a measuring head for measuring the displacement change of the cantilever part is arranged on the base part; an actuator member fixedly mounted to the base member and extending toward the boom member, the actuator member releasably applying a load to an end of the boom member upon actuation of an actuator mounted to the base member.
According to the technical scheme of the application, each contact head is provided with a radial extending position and a radial contracting position which can be converted in a reciprocating mode through the state change of the elastic measuring device, each contact head at the radial contracting position can enter and exit the inner curved surface cavity through the opening of the inner curved surface cavity when the elastic measuring device is in an actuating state, each contact head at the radial extending position can be automatically unfolded in the inner curved surface cavity to reach a measuring point when the elastic measuring device is in a non-actuating state, therefore, the automatic measurement of the inner curved surface cavity of the workpiece is achieved, and the measuring efficiency is improved.
Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an elasticity measurement device according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the elasticity measurement device shown in FIG. 1 in a non-actuated state;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the elasticity measuring device shown in FIG. 1 in an actuated state;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of an elasticity measurement device according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic views illustrating the working state of the measurement system of the inner curved cavity according to the preferred embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the measurement system of FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 showing the operation of one side of the inner curved cavity;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a measurement device of the measurement system of the inner curved cavity shown in FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a partial schematic view of the measurement system operating condition of the inner curved cavity shown in FIG. 10;
fig. 13 and 14 are schematic views showing the measurement points of the measurement system of the inner curved surface cavity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
The application provides a measurement system of interior curved surface cavity, this measurement system is used for detecting the physique degree parameter of interior curved surface cavity, the interior curved surface cavity can be interior sphere cavity or interior ellipsoid cavity or at least a part of its internal surface is sphere or ellipsoid. The method can be used for detecting the ellipticity of the ellipsoidal surface in the cavity of the inner ellipsoid, and is particularly suitable for detecting the sphericity of the inner spherical surface. For example, a measurement of the internal spherical surface of the differential case.
Generally, for parts of a housing with an inner curved surface cavity, the housing is positioned and then reaches a detection point along a specific track by using a special contact, which is limited by a narrow housing window, so that real-time online automatic detection is difficult to realize. To this end, the present application also provides a measurement system for an inner curved cavity, as shown in fig. 8 and 9.
1. Rack 100, jig 101, and guide rails 102,102'
The inner curved cavity measuring system comprises a machine frame 100, the machine frame 100 being provided with a clamp 101 for positionally clamping an element to be measured 200 having an inner curved cavity, and guide rails 102,102 ', the guide rails 102, 102' extending towards the clamp 101. The machine frame 100 serves as a basis for a measuring system, and the jig 101 is used for positioning and holding a member to be measured, which has an inner curved cavity, and which may be a differential case, for example. The fixture 101 may have any suitable structure to accurately clamp the component to be tested. On the frame 100 are provided rails 102 and 102', it being understood that in fig. 8 and 9 two rails are designed. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and for example, there may be one guide rail, or three or more guide rails may be designed.
2. Support and elasticity measuring device
The carriages 300, 300 'on which a plurality of elasticity measuring devices with contact heads 12 are mounted are slidably arranged to the frame 100 by means of guide rails 102, 102', respectively. Thus, the approach and the distance of the elastic measuring device to the element to be measured 200 can be facilitated by the mount carrying the elastic measuring device. The elasticity carried by the support each elasticity measuring device has a contact head 12 with a radially extended position and a radially retracted position which can be switched back and forth. That is, the contacts 12 may be switched in a controlled state between a radially extended position and a radially retracted position, such that in the activated state of the elasticity measuring device, the respective contacts 12 of the plurality of elasticity measuring devices of the mount are in the radially retracted position. Thus, in this state, the respective contacts 12 of the plurality of elastic measuring devices carried by the mounts 300, 300' enter and exit the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured 200 through its opening. Since each contact head is in a radially contracted position, no interference occurs when each elastic measuring device enters and exits the opening of the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured 200.
In the non-actuated state of the elastic measuring device, each contact 12 of the plurality of elastic measuring devices of the mount is in the radially protruding position to abut against a corresponding measuring point P of the inner curved surface of the piece to be measured 200 in a state in which each contact 12 of the plurality of elastic measuring devices is located inside the inner curved surface cavity.
The radial direction is relative to the inner curved cavity. For example, for a spherical or ellipsoidal cavity, radially outward may refer to a direction pointing from some point inside toward the outside, and radially inward may refer to a direction pointing from some point outside toward the inside. In addition, it is understood that the elastic measuring device with the contact head 12 may be other elastic measuring devices capable of realizing displacement action in the radial direction, such as a measuring rod capable of realizing elastic deformation, and the measuring rod is provided with the contact head 12 and a driver for applying bending force in the transverse direction, and the measuring rod can restore the original state through the self rigidity.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the support includes a first support 300 and a second support 300 'respectively located at two sides of the fixture, each contact of the plurality of elastic measuring devices carried by the first support 300 can extend into the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured 200 through the first opening 201 of the inner curved cavity, and each contact of the plurality of elastic measuring devices carried by the second support 300' can extend into the inner curved cavity through the second opening 202 of the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured 200 opposite to the first opening.
As shown in fig. 10, a plurality of elastic measuring devices are carried on a support, and can enter the inner cavity when the contact 12 is at the radial contraction position, and each contact is in contact with the corresponding measuring point P of the inner curved surface cavity by making the contact 12 at the radial extension position, and the corresponding parameter at the measuring point P of the inner curved surface can be detected and obtained by detecting the displacement change of the contact and the related structure thereof. Although in the manner shown in fig. 8 and 9, two sets of supports are designed so that measurements are taken simultaneously through the openings on both sides of the component to be measured, respectively. However, a set of supports and their elasticity measuring device shown in fig. 10 are also possible, but it is necessary to adjust the position of the part to be measured by using the jig 101.
3. Contact head and measuring point P
As described above, each contact 12 has a one-to-one correspondence with a measurement point within the inner curved cavity. For example, as shown in fig. 11, after the component to be measured has been removed, it can be seen that the contact heads of the individual spring measuring devices have different orientations and that the different contact heads can also have their own spatial orientation. This may be accomplished by different connecting bar bending configurations of the mounting contacts 12, as also described above.
As shown in fig. 12, after each contact 12 is inserted into the inner curved cavity, it corresponds to the corresponding measurement point P of the inner curved surface. Preferably, the distribution range of the end points of the respective contacts 12 of a plurality of elastic measuring devices carried by the same support on the inner curved surface of the inner curved cavity is limited to the area of a half curved surface. That is to say, the contact heads of the elasticity measuring device borne by the two supports are respectively distributed in the area range of a half curved surface of each support, so that the contact heads do not interfere with each other and can enter and exit the inner curved surface cavity simultaneously. Therefore, the parameters of all the measuring points P of one inner curved surface cavity can be obtained at one time, and the whole inner curved surface cavity can be evaluated integrally. For this purpose, as shown in fig. 9, the contacts of the plurality of elastic measuring devices carried by the first support 300 are distributed on the first half-curved surface of the inner curved surface cavity; the contact heads of the elastic measuring devices carried by the second support 300' are distributed on the remaining second semi-curved surface of the inner curved surface cavity. The first and second semi-curved surfaces may be distinguished by a vertical plane X perpendicular to the horizontal plane, as shown in fig. 13; or may be distinguished from one another by a horizontal plane.
The design choice of the measuring point P on the inner curved surface of the inner curved surface cavity can be designed according to specific application working conditions. Preferably, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the measurement points P include a plurality of first measurement points P1 distributed on the first semi-curved surface and a plurality of second measurement points P2 distributed on the second semi-curved surface, and the projection distribution of the plurality of first measurement points P1 and the plurality of second measurement points P2 in the direction perpendicular to the vertical plane X is cross-shaped (cross-shaped arrangement as shown in fig. 12 to 14), circular or random.
4. Working process
After the component 200 to be measured is mounted, the contacts 12 on the respective supports are adjusted. At this point, the contacts 12 may be placed in a radially extended position in which they are both in an unactuated state. In this state, the contact is actuated so as to be in a radially contracted position, and each of the brackets moves along the guide rail, so that each of the contacts of the plurality of elastic measurement devices carried by the first support 300 extends into the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured 200 through the first opening 201 of the inner curved cavity, and each of the contacts of the plurality of elastic measurement devices carried by the second support 300' extends into the inner curved cavity through the second opening 202 of the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured 200, which is opposite to the first opening.
Subsequently, the contacts 12 carried by the elasticity measuring devices carried by the respective holders are released, each contact 12 being brought into point contact with its corresponding measuring point P (P1 and P2), as shown in fig. 12. Therefore, the measurement parameters at each measurement point can be obtained, and the inner curved surface cavity is evaluated according to the measurement parameters.
After the measurement is completed, each contact head is actuated again to be in a radially contracted state, so that each contact head is separated from the inner curved surface cavity by sliding the support away from the part to be measured 200.
According to the description, the measuring system utilizing the inner curved surface cavity can realize automatic and efficient measurement on the inner curved surface cavity. Furthermore, there is more flexibility and a wider degree of freedom in the selection of the measurement points, and therefore higher measurement accuracy can be obtained. For example, although 10 measurement points (P1 plus P2) are shown, more or fewer measurement points may be selected depending on the application.
The elasticity measuring device may be a contact type elasticity measuring device which has been conventionally used. A preferred elasticity measuring device is described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, the present application provides an elasticity measuring apparatus including: the connector comprises a base part 10 and a connecting part 11, wherein the base part 10 and the connecting part 11 are arranged at intervals, and a contact head 12 is arranged on the connecting part 11 and extends away from the base part 10; a first elastic deformation body 21 and a second elastic deformation body 22, wherein the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22 are connected between the base member 10 and the connecting member 11 at intervals, so that a quadrilateral structure is formed; a cantilever member 30, wherein the cantilever member 30 is fixedly arranged on the connecting piece 11 and extends from the connecting piece 11 to the base member 10, and a measuring head 31 for measuring displacement change of the cantilever member 30 is arranged on the base member 10; an actuator 40, wherein the actuator 40 is fixedly mounted to the base member 10 and extends toward the cantilever member 30, and wherein the actuator 40 is driven by an actuator 41 mounted to the base member 10 to releasably apply a load to the end of the cantilever member 30. This technical solution is described in detail below.
The base element 10 serves as a mounting base for the elasticity measuring device. The base member 10 may be of any suitable construction, and typically the base member 10 is relatively rigid, so that the base member 10 remains substantially undeformed upon elastic deformation of the elastically deformable body.
The connecting member 11 is spaced apart from the base member 10 and connected to a contact 12 away from the base member 10, and the contact 12 directly contacts with a measurement point of the component to be measured, so that a pressure change is generated between the contact and the measurement point of the component to be measured. The contact head 12 may be fixedly connected to the connection member 11 in various ways, for example, the contact head 12 is fixedly connected to the connection member 11 by a link 13. The connecting rod 13 may be a single rod or a plurality of rods connected to each other. Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the link 13 includes a base portion 131 directly fixed to the connecting member 11, a rod portion 132 extending from the base portion 131, and a mounting portion 133 having the contact 12 mounted at a distal end of the rod portion 132. It is to be understood that the link 13 is not limited to the specific structural form described above.
The orientation of the contact 12 may be selected and designed according to the particular application. For example, as shown in fig. 2, an angle between the extending direction of the mounting portion 133 and the extending direction of the lever portion 132 is 60 degrees to 90 degrees. In addition, although the mounting portion 133 forms one bent portion as shown in fig. 2, the illustration is merely an example, and is not limited to this configuration. For example, in the specific application of the measuring system shown in fig. 11, the contact head 12 can have a suitable spatial position by means of several different bends. The contact 12 and the link 13 may be located in the plane of the quadrilateral structure, or the contact 12 may not be located in the plane of the quadrilateral structure. Therefore, the three-dimensional orientation of the contact 12 can be selected according to the operating conditions.
A first elastic deformation body 21 and a second elastic deformation body 22 are provided between the base member 10 and the connection member 11 at a distance from each other, thereby forming a quadrangular structure, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. Therefore, when the contact 12 of the connecting member 11 and the measuring point of the component to be measured contact each other to generate a pressure, the contact 12 drives the connecting member 11 to generate a predetermined elastic deformation (usually, the elastic deformation is not observable by human eyes) relative to the base member 10 through the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22. Therefore, by detecting or sensing the degree of this elastic deformation, measurement data of a predetermined parameter can be obtained.
The quadrilateral structure can be a rectangular structure, a square structure or a rhombic structure, and can be an irregular quadrilateral structure even under certain working conditions. In this structure, the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22 are key components that allow the connection member 11 to be deformed or displaced with respect to the base member 10. Preferably, the elastic modulus E of the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22 is 150-250Gpa, so as to facilitate the occurrence of the precise deformation and displacement, and further realize the measurement. The material of the elastic deformation body can be stainless steel or hard alloy, such as 2Cr 13. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, each of the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22 is in the shape of an elongated strip. Since the thickness of the strip shape is relatively thin, elastic deformation is facilitated.
Further preferably, each of the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22 has a reduced thickness portion B in which the thickness is reduced, as shown in fig. 2; and/or as shown in fig. 1, the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22 are provided with a through hole H penetrating in the thickness direction. By providing the thinned portion B, the deformability of the elastic deformation body can be further improved; by providing the through-hole H, in addition to improving deformability, weight can be reduced. The thinning portion B and the through hole H may be provided at appropriate positions of the elastic deformation body.
The first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22 may be relatively independent members. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22 are connected to each other by a connecting plate 23 to form a U-shaped structure, and are attached and fixed to the connecting member 11 by the connecting plate 23. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ends of the first and second elastic deformation bodies 21 and 2 may be detachably connected to the base member 10 by fasteners.
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, in order to buffer the displacement of the connecting member 11 relative to the base member 10 through the elastic deformation of the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22, it is preferable that a fixing arm 50 is fixedly provided on the base member 10, the fixing arm 50 extends from the base member 10 toward the connecting member 11 in a plane in which the quadrilateral structure is located and is located between a cantilever member 30 (described in detail below) and the second elastic deformation body 22, an end of the fixing arm 50 is not in contact with the connecting member 11 and is adjacent to a bottom of the cantilever member 30, and an elastic member 60 is provided between an end 501 of the fixing arm 50 and the bottom 301 of the cantilever member 30.
In this embodiment, the base 10 remains substantially stationary, so that the fastening arm 50 is fixedly connected to the base 10 as a single rigid body. Since the end of the fixing arm 50 is not in direct contact with the link 11 (as shown in fig. 7), thereby avoiding interference with the link 11, the link 11 can still freely be displaced relative to the base member 10 by elastic deformation of the elastic body.
Due to the arrangement of the elastic member 60, when the connecting member 11 and the suspension arm member 30 are displaced relative to the base member 10, the elastic member 60 can buffer the relative displacement therebetween. Further preferably, as shown in fig. 5, an elastic member (not shown) may be provided between the suspension member 30 and a member attached to the link 11. The elastic member may be a spring member.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4, and 5, the link 11 is fixedly provided with a cantilever member 30 extending toward the base member 10 (but not connected to the base member 10). Therefore, when the link 11 is elastically deformed or elastically displaced by the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22, the cantilever member 30 can directly reflect the change in the elastic displacement of the link 11. Meanwhile, a measuring head 31 for measuring the displacement change of the cantilever member 30 is mounted on the base member 10, and as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the measuring head 31 is adjacent to the cantilever member 30 but generally not in direct contact therewith. The measuring head 31 obtains detection data by sensing the displacement change of the cantilever member 30.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the base member 10 is fixedly mounted with an actuator 40, the actuator 40 extending toward the cantilever member 30 for releasably applying a load to the end of the cantilever member 30 under the drive of an actuator 41 mounted on the base member 10. Therefore, under the driving of the actuator 41, the actuator 40 may apply a load or not apply a load to the end of the cantilever member 30, so that the cantilever member 30 directly drives the connecting member 11 to displace relative to the base member 10 through the elastic deformation of the first elastic deformation body 21 and the second elastic deformation body 22, and further the contact 12 of the connecting member 11 is switched between the extended position and the retracted position (or the retracted position and the extended position).
The actuator 41 is preferably a linear actuator, such as a linear motor, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, etc., which is linearly movable to exert a pulling force F (shown in fig. 5) and/or a pushing force (not shown) on the end of the boom member 30. It is noted that the actuator 40 is different in the different embodiments of fig. 4 and 5. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the so-called actuator 40 is actually part of the boom element 30, so that the pulling force F is able to displace the coupling element 11 to the right as a whole in the orientation shown in fig. 5 relative to the base element 10; in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 and 6, the coupling element 11 is displaced to the left by a lever mechanism by a tensile force F. The contact 12 on the connector can be moved or retracted in the same direction as the connector by controlling the direction of the offset of the connector 11.
The actuator 41 is mounted to the base member 10 or to the frame. As shown in fig. 3, the base member 10 extends with an extending portion 14 spaced apart from and adjacent to the first elastic deformation body 21, the measuring head 31 is mounted on the extending portion 14 and passes through the first elastic deformation body 21 with a gap to approach the cantilever member 30, and the actuator 41 is mounted on the extending portion 14 and passes through the first elastic deformation body 21 with a gap.
The extension 14 extends from the base member 10 and can therefore be understood as a part of the base member 10. The extension 14 provides a mounting base for the measuring head 31 and the actuator 41. For example, as shown in fig. 3, the measuring head 31 needs to pass through the first elastic deformation body 21 with a gap and the cantilever member 30, so the measuring head does not affect the elastic deformation of the first elastic deformation body. Similarly, the actuator 41 is mounted on the extending portion 14 and passes through the first elastic deformation body 21 with a gap so as to pass through the interaction between the actuating member 40 and the cantilever member 30, and therefore the actuator 41 does not affect the elastic deformation of the first elastic deformation body.
The actuator 40 is driven and controlled by an actuator 41 and interacts directly with the end of the boom member 30 or is part of the boom member 30. As shown in fig. 4 and 6, according to a preferred embodiment, the actuating member 40 comprises: a bracket 401, wherein the bracket 401 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the base member 10 facing the connecting member 11 in a protruding manner; an actuator lever 402, the actuator lever 402 being hinged to the bracket 401 and having a first end 403 for engaging the actuator 41 and a second end 404 for engaging the cantilever member 30. Thus, the actuator 402 corresponds to a lever hinged to the bracket 401, the first end 403 of the actuator 402 being adapted to cooperate with the actuator 41, and the second end 404 being adapted to cooperate with the cantilever member 30. As shown in FIG. 4, when the actuator lever 402 is rotated clockwise, the second end 404 can be moved out of interfering relation with the suspension member 30; when the actuator lever 402 is rotated counterclockwise, the second end 404 can be pressed against the end of the suspension 30 to the left in the orientation shown in fig. 4, thereby causing the link 11 and its contact to shift to the left.
In this embodiment, the load F can be applied to the suspension 30 more precisely because the actuator 41 is not required to directly act on the suspension 30 due to the hinged design of the actuator rod 402 and the bracket 401. Moreover, since the cantilever member 30 can be designed smaller or more compact than the integrated cantilever member 30, it is possible to apply a smaller load to drive the deformation of the cantilever member 30 and thus the displacement of the connector and the contact 12. Furthermore, by designing the mechanism as a lever 402, a force amplification effect can be achieved, such that a relatively small force is applied to the first end 403 of the actuator rod 402 by the actuator 40, and a relatively large force can be applied to the end of the cantilever member 30 at the second end 404, thereby trying to accurately control the load applied by the actuator 40 to further improve the measurement accuracy.
As shown in fig. 6, the bracket 401 is a fork bracket, and the actuating lever 402 is hinged at its middle portion to an open end 406 thereof by a hinge shaft 405. Thus, both side surfaces of the actuating lever 402 are hinged to the open end portion 406 through the hinge shaft 405, thereby obtaining good stability. Preferably, said second end 404 of the actuating lever 402 is provided with a roller 407, so as to avoid friction concentrations between the second end 404 and the end of the cantilever member 30. Although the preferred embodiment of the present application is shown in the drawings, the present application is not limited thereto, and the bracket 401 may not be in the form of a fork structure, but may be in the form of a plate bar.
The actuator 41 may be mated or coupled to the first end 403 of the actuator rod 402 in a variety of ways. For example, the actuator 41 may be hingedly connected directly to the first end 403, such that pushing and pulling forces may be applied to the actuator 41. Preferably, the actuator 41 passes through the first end 403 of the actuator rod 402 with clearance and is provided with a flange stop 411 at the end, so that the actuator rod 402 is rotated counterclockwise in the orientation of fig. 4 by applying a pulling force (load) to apply a leftward pressure to the end of the cantilever member 30 through the second end 404. When the actuator rod 402 is not rotating or rotating clockwise, the second end 404 does not apply a force to the end of the cantilever member 30 or, if applied, does not deform the cantilever member 30. It is further preferable that a torsion spring (not shown) may be provided at the hinge shaft to control the position of the actuating lever 402 by the actuator 41 together with the torsion spring.
The actuator 41 acts on the actuator 40 to bring the actuator 40 into the actuated position, such as by pulling the first end 403 of the actuator rod 402 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and thereby causing the end of the actuator rod 403 that passes through the second end 404 of the cantilever member 30 to apply a load, i.e., a load F toward the second elastically deformable body 22 (as shown in fig. 4), such that the cantilever member 30 carries the connecting member 11 along with the connecting member 11 through elastic deformation of the first elastically deformable body 21 and the second elastically deformable body 22 to produce a displacement in the same direction as the force applied to the cantilever member 30, and thereby the contact 12 is in the second position (e.g., a retracted position toward the contact 12, which has a displacement difference with respect to the extended position, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the above-described extended position and retracted position of the contact may be interchanged in different embodiments, such as the embodiment shown in fig. 5.
Therefore, when the elasticity measuring device is ready to be used, the actuator is first used to drive the actuator so that the contact head 12 is in the contracted position, then the elasticity measuring device is moved to a predetermined accurate position, and the actuator is released so that the contact head 12 is in the extended position and accurately makes point contact with the measuring point of the component to be measured, and at the same time, the contact head 12 is kept in point contact with the measuring point because the actuator does not need to be driven. Therefore, the measurement head 31 measures the parameter information of the cantilever member 30 connected with the contact 12 and the connecting member 11, and then obtains the measurement parameters. Of course, the present application is not so limited, and for example, the contact head may be placed in a retracted position when the actuator is not actuated and in an extended position when the actuator is actuated.
The elastic measuring device provided by the application is fully described in detail, and the combined design of the elastic deformation body is utilized, so that the measuring device has good flexibility and practicability and can be applied to various different application occasions. Furthermore, due to the compact and miniaturized design of the cantilever part, the load applied by the actuator can be reduced, and the lever design in a preferable mode can further reduce the required load, so that the measurement accuracy is improved. The parts or components of the elasticity measuring device are usually made of metal materials, but the parts or components are not excluded from being made of non-metal materials such as engineering plastics, ceramics and the like under the condition of meeting application conditions, and the parts or components are selected and applied according to specific working conditions. The elasticity measuring device can be used for measuring various parameters, such as dimension parameters, position parameters and the like. The elasticity measuring device can be used singly or in combination according to different application occasions. The present application is not limited to the elasticity measuring device shown in fig. 1 to 7, and other contact-type elasticity measuring devices such as pen-type sensors may be used.
The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application within the technical idea of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described in the present application.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present application is also possible, and the same should be considered as disclosed in the present application as long as it does not depart from the idea of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A measurement system for an interior curved cavity, the measurement system comprising:
a machine frame (100), the machine frame (100) being provided with a clamp (101) and a guide rail (102, 102 '), the clamp (101) being for positionally clamping an item to be measured (200) having an inner curved cavity, the guide rail (102, 102') extending towards the clamp (101);
a carriage (300, 300 '), the carriage (300, 300') being slidably arranged to the machine frame (100) by means of the guide (102), on which carriage a plurality of elasticity measuring devices with contact heads (12) are mounted;
wherein each contact head (12) of the plurality of elasticity measuring devices of the support (300, 300') has a radially extended position and a radially retracted position that are reciprocally switchable,
in an actuated state of the elastic measuring device, each contact head (12) of the plurality of elastic measuring devices of the support (300, 300 ') is in the radially contracted position to allow each contact head (12) of the plurality of elastic measuring devices carried by the support (300, 300') to enter and exit the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured (200) through the opening thereof;
in the non-actuated state of the elastic measuring device, each contact head (12) of the plurality of elastic measuring devices of the support (300, 300') is in the radially protruding position to abut against a corresponding measuring point (P) of the inner curved surface of the inner curved cavity of the piece to be measured (200) in a state in which each contact head (12) of the plurality of elastic measuring devices is located inside the inner curved cavity.
2. The system for measuring an inner curved cavity according to claim 1, wherein the distribution of the end points of the respective contacts (12) of a plurality of elastic measuring devices carried by one and the same support on the inner curved surface of the inner curved cavity is limited to the area of a half curve.
3. The system for measuring an inner curved cavity according to claim 2, wherein the support comprises a first support (300) and a second support (300 ') located on either side of the fixture, and wherein the first support (300) carries a plurality of elastic measuring devices each having a contact head capable of extending into the inner curved cavity of the member to be measured (200) through a first opening (201) of the inner curved cavity and the second support (300') carries a plurality of elastic measuring devices each having a contact head capable of extending into the inner curved cavity of the member to be measured (200) through a second opening (202) of the inner curved cavity opposite to the first opening.
4. The system of claim 3,
each contact of a plurality of elastic measuring devices borne by the first support (300) is distributed on a first half curved surface of the inner curved surface cavity;
and the contact heads of the elastic measuring devices borne by the second support (300') are distributed on the remaining second half-curved surface of the inner curved surface cavity.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the first and second semi-curved surfaces are distinguished by a vertical plane (X) perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
6. The system for measuring an inner curved cavity according to claim 5, wherein the measurement points (P) comprise a plurality of first measurement points (P1) distributed on the first semi-curved surface and a plurality of second measurement points (P2) distributed on the second semi-curved surface, the projections of the plurality of first measurement points (P1) and the plurality of second measurement points (P2) in the direction perpendicular to the vertical plane (X) are distributed in a cross shape, a circle shape or randomly.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the inner curved cavity is an inner spherical cavity or an inner ellipsoidal cavity or at least a portion of an inner surface thereof is spherical or ellipsoidal.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the member (200) to be measured is a differential housing.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the elastic measurement device comprises:
the connecting piece comprises a base piece (10) and a connecting piece (11), wherein the base piece (10) and the connecting piece (11) are arranged at intervals, and a contact head (12) is arranged on the connecting piece (11) and extends away from the base piece (10);
a first elastic deformation body (21) and a second elastic deformation body (22), wherein the first elastic deformation body (21) and the second elastic deformation body (22) are connected between the base member (10) and the connecting member (11) at intervals, so that a quadrilateral structure is formed;
the cantilever part (30), the cantilever part (30) is fixedly arranged on the connecting piece (11) and extends from the connecting piece (11) to the base part (10), and a measuring head (31) for measuring the displacement change of the cantilever part (30) is arranged on the base part (10);
an actuator (40), the actuator (40) being fixedly mounted to the base member (10) and extending towards the cantilever member (30), the actuator (40) being releasably operable to apply a load to an end of the cantilever member (30) upon actuation of an actuator (41) mounted to the base member (10).
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| CN111288870B (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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