CN111281811A - 一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111281811A CN111281811A CN202010201774.6A CN202010201774A CN111281811A CN 111281811 A CN111281811 A CN 111281811A CN 202010201774 A CN202010201774 A CN 202010201774A CN 111281811 A CN111281811 A CN 111281811A
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- disinfecting skin
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- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，由乙醇60‑75份、杀菌剂‑0.1‑0.2份、保湿剂2‑10份、增稠剂0.7‑1.5份、油脂3‑10份、润肤剂2‑5份、去离子水20‑30份、中和剂0.2‑0.5份、香精0.1‑0.5份和乳化剂1.0‑2.0份构成；降低了乙醇的挥发性，具有性质稳定、杀菌效果好、抗菌时间长、无刺激性、使用方便安全和具有良好的护肤作用，可降低乙醇类消毒剂着火点，提高了乙醇类消毒剂安全性，保湿成分、油脂、润肤剂对使用人员皮肤有保护的效果，具有工艺简单和生产成本低的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于消毒剂技术领域，具体地说，涉及一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜及其制备方法。
背景技术
自然界中广泛存在着各种微生物，有些微生物在一定条件下会对人体及环境构成危害。日常生活中，人们总会接触到各种细菌、病毒，尤其在一些人多、拥挤的地方，例如公共汽车、地铁、娱乐场所等。这些病菌对我们的卫生和健康都造成了巨大的威胁。由病原微生物感染引致的疾病仍然是人类生存中面临的主要威胁之一，并且经常有新的病原体发现，因此消毒仍是最为基本和有效的手段。消毒是指杀灭病原微生物的方法，用以消毒的药物统称为消毒剂。由于人们生活水平的提高，个人卫生和个人防护意识的增强，对消毒产品的要求越来越高，不仅要求消毒迅速、安全、无毒副作用，对与皮肤接触的消毒产品还要求有护肤的作用随着社会和经济的发展，人们生活节奏的加快，对日常方便使用的用品的性要求越来越高，其需求量也开始激增，其中乳霜剂型的消毒剂以其使用方便的特点将一种很受欢迎的个人卫生消毒用品。
目前市场上皮肤消毒剂种类繁多，常见的皮肤消毒剂主要有乙醇、碘、双胍类抗菌剂、季铵盐类化合物、三氯生等。碘和含碘制剂是被临床广泛应用的皮肤消毒剂。临床常用的含碘制剂主要是碘配，碘水和聚维酮碘。聚维酮碘是当前最主要的含碘皮肤消毒剂，是碘与表面活性剂结合而成的不定型络合物。但是碘制剂的颜色及成本限制了在日常生活中的应用。
双胍类抗菌剂具有相当强的广谱抑菌、杀菌作用，对多种细菌有作用，外用抗菌剂及阳离子表面活性剂，对多数革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌具杀灭作用。除可抑菌外，也可杀灭细菌。氯己定杀菌原理，主要是破坏细菌胞浆膜上的渗透屏障而非以前的假设，酶失去活性而达致杀菌效果，低浓度可导致部份胞浆渗漏，高浓度则可致胞浆凝聚变性，从而杀菌。其优点为刺激性较其他外用抗菌剂为低、很少出现过敏性反应。氯己定毒性低、刺激性小、无腐蚀性，适用于皮肤粘膜以及创面的消毒处理，广泛应用于粘膜、皮肤、手术、创面、器械、用具等的消毒。双胍类抗菌剂具有很好的抗革兰阳性菌作用，对革兰阴性菌和真菌的作用较弱，对分枝杆菌属作用小，对芽胞无效。体外试验显示对有膜的病毒如疤疹病毒、工、巨细胞病毒、流感病毒和有效，但明显对无膜的病毒如轮状病毒、肠道病毒和腺病毒有效性较低。
60%以上乙醇可以杀灭99.9%的细菌，70-75份的乙醇彻底消毒杀灭病毒细菌。过高浓度的乙醇会在细菌表面形成一层保护膜，阻止其进入细菌体内，难以将细菌彻底杀死。若乙醇浓度过低，虽可进入细菌，但不能将其体内的蛋白质凝固，同样也不能将细菌彻底杀死。
乙醇消毒剂使用缺点明显，安全性较低，使用不当引发火。长期使用手部容易干裂、粗糙、脱皮。乙醇易挥发，作用时间段缺点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜及其制备方法，克服了现有控制方法存在的缺陷，采用本发明控制方法后，实现了以下目的：
1、能有效减低乙醇的挥发性，达到持续消毒作用。
2、可降低乙醇类消毒剂着火点，提高了乙醇类消毒剂安全性。
3、添加了保湿成分、油脂、润肤剂，对使用人员皮肤有保护的效果。
4、杀菌剂复配伞花烃达到更光谱杀菌性能。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其特征在于，由下列重量份的成分构成：
乙醇60-75份、杀菌剂-0.1-0.2份、保湿剂2-10份、增稠剂0.7-1.5份、油脂3-10份、润肤剂2-5份、去离子水20-30份、中和剂0.2-0.5份、香精0.1-0.5份和乳化剂1.0-2.0份。
一种优化方案，所述杀菌剂为伞花烃或醋酸氯已定。
一种优化方案，所述保湿剂为甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、透明质酸。
一种优化方案，所述增稠剂为卡波姆、羟乙基纤维素、汉生胶。
一种优化方案，所述油脂为鲸蜡硬脂醇、山嵛醇、硬脂醇。
一种优化方案，所述润肤剂为聚二甲基硅氧烷、碳酸二辛酯、环聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚二甲基硅氧烷醇。
一种优化方案，所述中和剂为单乙醇胺、氨甲基丙醇、氢氧化钠、柠檬酸、乳酸。
一种优化方案，所述乳化剂为鲸蜡硬脂醇聚醚、硬脂醇聚醚、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷。
一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜的制备方法，包括：
（1）油相体系的制备：将液体油脂、乳化剂和润肤剂混合，水浴加热至70℃，即得油相体系；
（2）水相体系的制备：将去离子水、总量10%的乙醇、保湿剂混合组成水相，将增稠剂分散到水相中，加热至60℃，得水相体系；
（3）水相、油相混合体系的制备：以转速为3000r/min搅拌步骤（2）获得的水相体系的同时加入步骤（1）所得的油相体系，再以转速为3000r/min搅拌2min；
（4）将步骤（3）所得混合体系自然冷却至40℃以下时，加入香精和用杀菌剂（伞花烃）、乙醇（总量10%的乙醇）混合后所得的分散液，以转速200r/min搅拌10min
（5）加入中和剂，调节pH值3-5，加入剩余乙醇（总量80%乙醇）自然冷却至室温，得免洗消毒护肤乳霜。
本发明采用上述技术方案，与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：其一，由于构成该免洗消毒护肤乳霜中含有乙醇和杀菌剂复合，乙醇可杀灭肠道致病杆菌、化脓性球菌、白色念珠菌。适用于人体手及各种皮肤消毒和一般物体表面消毒。伞花烃o-伞花烃-5-醇是一种非常安全、可接触粘膜的广谱高效抗真菌杀菌剂，显著的抑制及杀灭细菌、酵母菌和霉菌，抑制杀灭痤疮杆菌增殖、Salmonella typhi（伤寒杆菌）、金黄葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、沙雷氏菌和碳蛆菌，安全无毒，可用于皮肤、口腔等产品。
伞花烃已经被证实在各类护肤中具有卓越的功效，并可抑制产品氧化。其广泛应用于化妆品和美容产品中防止有害的微生物繁殖，从而延长产品的保质期。
二者复配提高杀菌光谱性，伞花烃低剂量安全有效。
其二，该免洗消毒护肤乳霜，降低了乙醇的挥发性，具有性质稳定、杀菌效果好、抗菌时间长、无刺激性、使用方便安全和具有良好的护肤作用。
其三，该免洗消毒护肤乳霜可降低乙醇类消毒剂着火点，提高了乙醇类消毒剂安全性。
其四，该免洗消毒护肤乳霜添加保湿成分、油脂、润肤剂，对使用人员皮肤有保护的效果。是首款消毒剂引入护肤概念产品，亦是护肤领域引入消毒杀菌新产品。
其五，该免洗消毒护肤乳霜的制备具有工艺简单和生产成本低的特点。
附图说明
附图1是本发明实施例1的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与62%乙醇保湿测试图；
附图2是本发明实施例1的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与62%乙醇对照保湿含水量增加值对比图；
附图3是本发明实施例2的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与65%乙醇保湿测试图；
附图4是本发明实施例2的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与65%乙醇对照保湿含水量增加值对比图；
附图5是本发明实施例3的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与70%乙醇保湿测试图；
附图6是本发明实施例3的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与70%乙醇对照保湿含水量增加值对比图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1，一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其配方中原料及其重量份分别是：
乙醇62份、鲸蜡硬脂醇1份、伞花烃0.1份、甘油0.5份、丙二醇2.0份、聚二甲基硅氧烷2.5份、卡波姆0.2份、单乙醇胺0.2、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷1.0份、羟乙基纤维素0.5份、透明质酸0.2份、碳酸二辛酯3份、去离子水29.5份。
按照以下方法步骤：
（1）油相体系的制备：所述液体油脂、所述乳化剂、润肤剂混合，加热至70℃，即得油相体系；
（2）水相体系的制备：将所述增稠剂分散到所述去，加热至60℃，即得水相体系；
（3）水相、油相混合体系的形成：以转速为3000r/min搅拌步骤（2）获得的水相体系的同时加入步骤（1）所得的油相体系，再以转速为3000r/min搅拌2min；
（4）将步骤（3）所得混合体系自然冷却至40℃以下时，加入香精和用杀菌剂（伞花烃）、乙醇（总量10%的乙醇）混合后所得的分散液，以转速200r/min搅拌10min；
（5）加入中和剂，调节pH值3-5，加入剩余乙醇（总量80%乙醇）自然冷却至室温，得免洗消毒护肤乳霜。
实施例2，一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其配方中原料及其重量份分别是：
乙醇65份、鲸蜡硬脂醇1份、伞花烃0.1份、甘油3.5份、丙二醇2.0份、聚二甲基硅氧烷2.0份、汉生胶0.2份、柠檬酸0.1份、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷1.0份、羟乙基纤维素1份、透明质酸0.2份、碳酸二辛酯3份、去离子水23.5份。
按照以下方法步骤：
（1）油相体系的制备：所述液体油脂、所述乳化剂、润肤剂混合，加热至70℃，即得油相体系；
（2）水相体系的制备：将所述增稠剂分散到所述去离子水、10%乙醇和所述保湿剂混合组成的水相中，加热至60℃，即得水相体系；
（3）水相、油相混合体系的形成：以转速为3000r/min搅拌步骤（2）获得的水相体系的同时加入步骤（1）所得的油相体系，再以转速为3000r/min搅拌2min；
（4）将步骤（3）所得混合体系自然冷却至40℃以下时，加入香精和用杀菌剂（伞花烃）、乙醇（总量10%的乙醇）混合后所得的分散液，以转速200r/min搅拌10min；
（5）加入中和剂，调节pH值3-5，加入剩余乙醇（总量80%乙醇）自然冷却至室温，得免洗消毒护肤乳霜。
实施例3，一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其配方中原料及其重量份分别是：
乙醇70份、鲸蜡硬脂醇3份、伞花烃0.2份、甘油5份、丙二醇2.0份、聚二甲基硅氧烷1.0份、卡波姆0.5份、单乙醇胺0.4、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷2.0份、羟乙基纤维素0.8份、透明质酸0.1份、碳酸二辛酯1份、去离子水15份。
按照以下方法步骤：
（1）油相体系的制备：所述液体油脂、所述乳化剂、润肤剂混合，水浴加热至70℃，即得油相体系；
（2）水相体系的制备：将所述增稠剂分散到所述去离子水、10%乙醇和所述保湿剂混合组成的水相中，加热至60℃，即得水相体系；
（3）水相、油相混合体系的形成：以转速为3000r/min搅拌步骤（2）获得的水相体系的同时加入步骤（1）所得的油相体系，再以转速为3000r/min搅拌2min；
（4）将步骤（3）所得混合体系自然冷却至40℃以下时，加入香精和用杀菌剂（伞花烃）、乙醇（总量10%的乙醇）混合后所得的分散液，以转速200r/min搅拌10min；
（5）加入中和剂，调节pH值3-5，加入剩余乙醇（总量80%乙醇）自然冷却至室温，得免洗消毒护肤乳霜。
效果对比：
本发明组分中鲸蜡硬脂醇、伞花烃、甘油、丙二醇、聚二甲基硅氧烷、卡波姆、单乙醇胺、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷、羟乙基纤维素、透明质酸、碳酸二辛酯、按照本发明的实施例1特定的配比制备得到的样品与空白62%乙醇组的保湿效果相比，效果明显好于空白产品。
实验结果参见表1和表2：
由表1可知，本发明的实例1样品经刺激性实验验证：均为无刺激和过敏反应。
表2可知，本发明实例1免洗消毒护肤乳霜与空白组比较，本发明免洗消毒护肤乳霜的含水量在1、3和5小时分别增加了16.07%、9.28%和4.10%。
理化指标：
性状为本免洗消毒护肤乳霜为乳液状，轻盈水润，易于涂抹。
实测pH值为3.5-5.0。
冷热试验：将产品放入透明密封玻璃瓶中，于零下10℃冰箱冷藏3个月，观察无变质现象；于48℃恒温箱三个月，无分层和油水分离现象；香气无明显变化。
室温放置试验：密封容器室温放置1年，各项理化指标无变化，无油水分离，变质现象。
刺激试验：实验数据如表1。
表1 实施例1对新西兰兔多次皮肤刺激性试验结果：
实施例1的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与62%乙醇保湿测试结果如图1所示；实施例1的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与62%乙醇对照保湿含水量增加值对比结果如图2所示；对照组62%乙醇，1小时水分流失3.5%，约5小时才能达到自身平衡。本发明实例1，使用后1小时皮肤水分增加12%，且5小时后皮肤水分增加4%，达到滋润护肤效果，减少酒精类消毒液带来的皮肤干燥、粗糙问题。对比两种产品，1小时本品实例1含水量比62%乙醇高16.07%，3小时高9.28%，5小时高4.10%。
注：初始测试人员平均水分含量为50%。
表2不同浓度乙醇闪点数据表：
| 闪点（℃） | 乙醇100% | 乙醇80% | 乙醇60% | 乙醇40% | 乙醇20% | 乙醇10% | 乙醇5% |
| 《化学安全工程》 | 9 | 19 | 22.75 | 26.75 | 36.75 | 49 | 62 |
；
表3免洗消毒护肤乳霜实例1 所用原料闪点数据：
| 闪点（℃） | 乙醇 | 鲸蜡硬脂醇 | 甘油 | 丙二醇 | 聚二甲基硅氧烷 | 碳酸二辛酯 | 鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷 |
| 来源于原料MSDS | 9 | 174 | 160 | 103 | 103 | 93 | 180 |
；
采用GB/T T21615-2008《危险品易燃液体闭杯闪点试验方法》测定免洗消毒护肤乳霜实例1闪点为24.55℃，闪点升高，提高酒精类消毒剂的安全性。
实例1中组分乳化剂、增稠剂、油脂等和乙醇、水形成均匀乳化体系，对乙醇进行包覆，减少乙醇表面挥发，需要在更高的温度下才能达到饱和气压26.51mmHg，实例组分加特殊制作工艺处理可以提高闪点。
实施例2的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与65%乙醇保湿测试结果如图3所示；实施例2的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与65%乙醇对照保湿含水量增加值对比结果如图4所示；对照组65%乙醇，1小时水分流失3.8%，约5小时才能达到自身平衡。本发明实例2，使用后1小时皮肤水分增加14%，且5小时后皮肤水分增加5%，达到滋润护肤长效保湿效果。减少酒精类消毒液带来的皮肤干燥、粗糙问题。对比两种产品，1小时本品实例2含水量比65%乙醇高18.25%，3小时高10.93%，5小时高5.17%。
采用GB/T T21615-2008《危险品易燃液体闭杯闪点试验方法》测定免洗消毒护肤乳霜实例2闪点为24.05℃，闪点升高，提高酒精类消毒剂的安全性。
实施例3的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与70%乙醇保湿测试结果如图5所示；实施例3 的免洗消毒护肤乳霜与70%乙醇对照保湿含水量增加值对比结果如图6所示；对照组70%乙醇，1小时水分流失4.2%，约5小时才能达到自身平衡。本发明实例3，使用后1小时皮肤水分增加12.5%，且5小时后皮肤水分增加5.1%，达到滋润护肤长效保湿效果。减少酒精类消毒液带来的皮肤干燥、粗糙问题。对比两种产品，1小时本品实例3含水量比70%乙醇高17.6%，3小时高11.35%，5小时高5.36%
采用GB/T T21615-2008《危险品易燃液体闭杯闪点试验方法》测定免洗消毒护肤乳霜实例3闪点为23.35℃，闪点升高，提高酒精类消毒剂的安全性。
注：62-75%酒精作为消毒剂其皮肤安全性很高，本发明实例2、3不再重复皮肤刺激试验。
本发明保湿效果明显优于同浓度乙醇空白对照，乳霜状态易于携带和使用，涂抹方便，节约原料。
以上所述为本发明最佳实施方式的举例，其中未详细述及的部分均为本领域普通技术人员的公知常识。本发明的保护范围以权利要求的内容为准，任何基于本发明的技术启示而进行的等效变换，也在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其特征在于，由下列重量份的成分构成：
乙醇60-75份、杀菌剂-0.1-0.2份、保湿剂2-10份、增稠剂0.7-1.5份、油脂3-10份、润肤剂2-5份、去离子水20-30份、中和剂0.2-0.5份、香精0.1-0.5份和乳化剂1.0-2.0份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其特征在于：所述杀菌剂为伞花烃或醋酸氯已定。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其特征在于：所述保湿剂为甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、透明质酸。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其特征在于：所述增稠剂为卡波姆、羟乙基纤维素、汉生胶。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其特征在于：所述油脂为鲸蜡硬脂醇、山嵛醇、硬脂醇。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其特征在于：所述润肤剂为聚二甲基硅氧烷、碳酸二辛酯、环聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚二甲基硅氧烷醇。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其特征在于：所述中和剂为单乙醇胺、氨甲基丙醇、氢氧化钠、柠檬酸、乳酸。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜，其特征在于：所述乳化剂为鲸蜡硬脂醇聚醚、硬脂醇聚醚、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷。
9.如权利要求1所述一种免洗消毒护肤乳霜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
（1）油相体系的制备：将液体油脂、乳化剂和润肤剂混合，水浴加热至70℃，即得油相体系；
（2）水相体系的制备：将去离子水、总量10%的乙醇、保湿剂混合组成水相，将增稠剂分散到水相中，加热至60℃，得水相体系；
（3）水相、油相混合体系的制备：以转速为3000r/min搅拌步骤（2）获得的水相体系的同时加入步骤（1）所得的油相体系，再以转速为3000r/min搅拌2min；
（4）将步骤（3）所得混合体系自然冷却至40℃以下时，加入香精和用杀菌剂（伞花烃）、乙醇（总量10%的乙醇）混合后所得的分散液，以转速200r/min搅拌10min
（5）加入中和剂，调节pH值3-5，加入剩余乙醇（总量80%乙醇）自然冷却至室温，得免洗消毒护肤乳霜。
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