CN111279845A

CN111279845A - Agricultural seeder

Info

Publication number: CN111279845A
Application number: CN202010186601.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董旭霞; 孙宏琳; 张亚利; 朱珠; 王波; 陈继霞; 卢星
Original assignee: 董旭霞; 孙宏琳; 张亚利; 朱珠; 王波; 陈继霞; 卢星
Priority date: 2020-03-17
Filing date: 2020-03-17
Publication date: 2020-06-16

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural seeding machine which is arranged on an agricultural transport vehicle and comprises a frame and a seed box arranged on the frame, wherein a seed falling hole is arranged at the bottom of the seed box, a seed falling mechanism is arranged at the seed falling hole, the seed falling mechanism at least comprises a seed falling pipe which extends downwards and is communicated with an extension pipe arranged horizontally, a seed blowing mechanism is arranged on one side of the extension pipe, facing the advancing direction of the agricultural transport vehicle, the other side of the extension pipe is provided with a spreading head which is unfolded in a fan shape, a plurality of partition plates are arranged in the spreading head to form a plurality of spreading channels, the seed blowing mechanism comprises a fan shell communicated with the extension pipe and a wind wheel arranged in the fan shell, and the wind wheel is driven by a second motor and generates airflow for driving small-grain crop seeds falling from the seed falling pipe to be blown out from the spreading head. The agricultural seeder provided by the invention can be suitable for sowing small-grain crops with medium or below scales.

Description

Agricultural seeder

Technical Field

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to an agricultural seeder.

Background

A planting machine for a planter uses crop seeds as planting objects. Seeders for certain types or crops are often referred to by the name of the crop type, such as grain drill, corn hill planter, cotton planter, grass spreader, and the like. At present, agricultural seeding machines can be generally divided into a broadcast type, a drill type, a hill type, a precision type and a combination type according to a seeding method. As the name suggests, broadcast type agricultural seeders function as seeders that distribute the broadcast seed evenly over the seeding plot. A common model is a centrifugal spreader attached to the rear of an agricultural transport vehicle. Consists of a seed box and a broadcast sowing wheel. Seeds fall onto the broadcasting wheel from the seed box and are broadcasted along the tangential direction under the action of centrifugal force; the drill-seeding agricultural seeder is mainly used for seeding small-sized seeds such as grains, vegetables and pasture, and a grain drill is commonly used. During operation, the travelling wheels drive the seed sowing wheels to rotate, seeds are discharged into the seed conveying pipe from the seeds in the seed box according to the required sowing quantity, fall into the opened grooves through the furrow opener, and then are covered and compacted by the soil covering and compacting device. The hole sowing type agricultural seeder is a planting machine for sowing seeds in holes according to a certain row spacing and hole spacing. Each hole can be used for sowing 1 or several seeds, which are called single-seed precision sowing or multi-seed hole sowing respectively, but the hole sowing type is mainly used for intertillage crops with larger seed sizes such as corn, cotton, beet, sunflower, beans and the like, and is also called as a seeding machine for the intertillage crops. The precision agricultural seeder is a machine for accurately controlling seeding quantity, planting row spacing and depth to sow. Has the advantages of saving seeds, avoiding thinning operation after seedling emergence, ensuring that the nutrition area of each crop is uniform, and the like. The combined operation type agricultural seeder is characterized in that a fertilizer box, a fertilizer distributor and a fertilizer conveying pipe are additionally arranged on a drill seeding type seeder, so that the fertilizer can be applied while seeding. The combined operation machine combined with the operations of soil cultivation, pesticide and herbicide spraying and plastic film spreading can complete the operations of soil cultivation before sowing, seed and fertilizer application, soil disinfection, water drainage, sowing, pesticide and herbicide application in one step.

The various agricultural seeding machines generally applied at present have differences in the aspects of applicable crop types, cultivation economy and the like, for example, the agricultural seeding machine for combined operation has higher equipment cost and is also more suitable for the cultivation of large-area cultivated land. The hole sowing type agricultural seeder can only be suitable for sowing large-grain crop seeds. For the sowing of small-grain crop seeds, two kinds of sowing and drill sowing are widely used at present, but the drill sowing is more suitable for medium-grain crops such as leguminous crops and the like in comparison, because the sowing density of the small-grain crop seeds is not easy to control by a drill seeder, the later seedling thinning workload is increased. That is, for small-sized crops, it is currently more suitable to broadcast. As mentioned above, most of the existing broadcast sowing type seeders adopt a centrifugal principle, but the centrifugal broadcast sowing type seeders can only be suitable for large-scale planting with large cultivated land area and cannot adapt to the domestic situation.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural seeding machine which can be suitably used for broadcast-type seeding of small and medium-sized cultivated lands of small-sized crops.

In order to achieve the aim, the agricultural seeding machine provided by the embodiment of the invention is arranged on an agricultural transport vehicle and comprises a frame and a seed box arranged on the frame, wherein, the bottom of the seed box is provided with a seed falling hole, the seed falling hole is provided with a seed falling mechanism, the seed falling mechanism at least comprises a seed falling pipe which extends downwards and is communicated with an extension pipe arranged horizontally, one side of the extension pipe facing the advancing direction of the agricultural transport vehicle is provided with a seed blowing mechanism, the other side is provided with a seeding head which is unfolded in a fan shape, a plurality of partition plates are arranged in the spreading head to form a plurality of spreading channels, the blowing mechanism comprises a fan shell communicated with the extension pipe and a wind wheel arranged in the fan shell, the wind wheel is driven by a second motor and generates airflow which drives the small-sized crop seeds falling from the seed dropping pipe to be blown out of the sowing head.

Preferably, the seed dropping mechanism further comprises a seed separating box arranged outside the seed dropping hole, a horizontal spiral conveying roller driven by a first motor is arranged in the seed separating box, and the seed dropping pipe is connected to the seed separating box.

Preferably, the seed box is internally provided with a baffle for covering the seed falling holes at the position of the seed falling holes, and the baffle is connected with the bottom of the seed box through a connecting column, so that a gap for facilitating the circulation of crop seeds to the seed falling holes is formed between the baffle and the bottom of the seed box.

Preferably, the seed box comprises a box body and a box cover formed on the box body, wherein the box body comprises a box body and a conical bottom positioned at the lower part of the box body, and the seed dropping hole is arranged at the conical top of the conical bottom.

Preferably, the wind wheel comprises a first hub and a second hub which are concentrically arranged, the first hub and the second hub are oppositely arranged, and a plurality of wind wheel blades are arranged between the first hub and the second hub in parallel.

Preferably, the wind wheel blade is an arc-shaped plate.

Preferably, at least one of the first hubs is axially provided with a shaft connector connected with an output shaft of the second motor.

Preferably, the shaft connecting member includes a shaft sleeve and a plurality of ribs radially distributed, and the ribs are connected to the shaft sleeve at one end and the first hub at the other end.

Preferably, the extension pipe comprises a straight pipe connected to the fan casing and an angle adjustment joint configured to connect to the spreading head and make the spreading head adjustable within a predetermined angle.

Preferably, the straight pipe comprises an insertion end connected with the fan shell and a spherical shell connecting end connected with the angle adjusting joint, the shape of the angle adjusting joint is matched with that of the spherical shell connecting end, and a plurality of angle adjusting holes are formed in the spherical shell connecting end and/or the angle adjusting joint.

Preferably, the angle adjusting holes are distributed in a fan shape.

Compared with the prior art, the agricultural seeder provided by the invention is suitable for the broadcasting of small-grain crops with medium or below scales, such as sorghum, millet, sesame and other crops, and compared with a centrifugal type broadcasting machine, the agricultural seeder provided by the invention adopts the broadcasting realized by matching air flow with a fan-shaped broadcasting head, so that the agricultural seeder is more suitable for small-scale farmland, and the seed waste phenomenon of the centrifugal type broadcasting machine can not be caused.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

This document provides an overview of various implementations or examples of the technology described in this disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of the full scope or all features of the disclosed technology.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an agricultural seeder according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the agricultural seeder of the present invention (seed box open).

Fig. 3 is another perspective view of the agricultural seeder of the present invention (seed box open).

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional explosion structure of the agricultural seeding machine of the invention (including a partial enlargement of the bottom of the seed box).

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the agricultural seeder of the present invention (with the seeding head angle adjusted downward).

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a sowing head of the agricultural sowing machine of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional structure view of a sowing head of the agricultural sowing machine of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a wind wheel of the agricultural seeder of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is another schematic perspective view of the wind wheel of the agricultural seeder of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a front view structural schematic diagram of a wind wheel of the agricultural seeder of the present invention.

The main reference numbers:

1 … seed box; 2 … rack; 3 … seed dropping mechanism; 4 … seed blowing mechanism; 5 … extension tube; 6 … sowing head; 11 … case cover; 12 … a box body; 31 … seed dropping tube; 32 … seed box; 33 … a first motor; 34 … baffle plate; 35 … spiral feed roller; 41 … fan case; 42 … wind wheel; 43 … a second motor; 51 … straight pipe; 52 … angle adjustment joint; a 61 … separator; 62 … sowing channels; 111 … a first connector; 121 … case body; 122 … tapered bottom; 123 … connecting column; 124 … second connector; 421 … a first hub; 422 … second hub; 423 … rotor blade; 424 … axle connection; 4241 … shaft sleeve; 4242 … Ribs; 421 … a first hub; 511 … spherical shell connecting end; 512 … plug end.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of the word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, in this disclosure is intended to mean that the elements or items listed before that word, include the elements or items listed after that word, and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may also include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, a detailed description of known functions and known components have been omitted from the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1, an agricultural seeding machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention is disposed on an agricultural transportation vehicle (not shown in fig. 1), and includes a frame 2 and a seed box 1 disposed on the frame 2, wherein a seed dropping hole (not shown in fig. 1) is disposed at the bottom of the seed box 1, a seed dropping mechanism 3 is disposed at the seed dropping hole, the seed dropping mechanism 3 includes at least a seed dropping pipe 31 extending downward and communicating with an extension pipe 5 disposed horizontally, a seed blowing mechanism 4 is disposed at one side of the extension pipe 5 facing the traveling direction of the agricultural transportation vehicle, a spreading head 6 spreading in a fan shape is disposed at the other side of the extension pipe 5, a plurality of partition plates 61 are disposed in the spreading head 6 to form a plurality of spreading channels 62, the seed blowing mechanism 4 includes a fan housing 41 communicating with the extension pipe 5 and a wind wheel 42 disposed in the fan housing 41, and the wind wheel 42 is driven by a second motor 43 and generates small-sized crop seeds which are driven to drop from the seed dropping pipe 3 The spreading head 6 blows out an air flow. In practical use, the scheme of driving the wind wheel provided by the second motor 43 can also be realized by switching the power of the agricultural transportation vehicle. In this solution, the small-sized crop seeds enter the seed dropping pipe 31 from the seed dropping hole and then fall into the extension pipe, and the air flow generated by the seed blowing mechanism 4 connected to the extension pipe 5 drives the small-sized crop seeds to fly toward the corresponding sowing head, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the whole sowing head 6 is spread in a fan shape, and the inside is separated by the partition board 61 to form a plurality of sowing channels 62, so that the sowing heads 6 with different sizes or different numbers of sowing channels 62 can be adapted according to different cultivated land areas, and the function of controlling the sowing amplitude and the sowing area can be realized.

In the above embodiment, the crop seeds can be directly conveyed from the seed box 1 to the extension pipe 5 through the seed dropping pipe 31, but this structure is not favorable for controlling the falling speed of the seeds, so in some modifications, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the seed dropping mechanism 3 preferably further comprises a seed separating box 32 disposed outside the seed dropping hole, a horizontal spiral conveying roller 35 driven by a first motor 33 is disposed in the seed separating box 32, and the seed dropping pipe 31 is connected to the seed separating box 32. Likewise, the first motor 33 may instead be replaced by the output power of the agricultural transportation machine.

In other modifications, in order to avoid the problem that the seeds in the seed box 1 directly fall into the seed dropping holes to cause the over-fast seed dropping speed, as shown in fig. 4, preferably, a baffle 34 covering the seed dropping holes is arranged in the seed box 1 at the position of the seed dropping holes, and the baffle 34 is connected with the bottom of the seed box 1 through a connecting column 123, so that a gap (not labeled in the figure) for facilitating the crop seeds to flow to the seed dropping holes is formed between the baffle 34 and the bottom of the seed box 1. In order to add seeds and prevent abnormal weather such as rain and snow or other sundries from entering the seed box 1, the seed box 1 may be designed to include a box body 12 and a box cover 11 formed on the box body 12, and the box cover 11 and the box body 12 are closed by connecting the first connecting member 111 and the second connecting member 124. The box body 12 comprises a box body 121 and a conical bottom 122 positioned at the lower part of the box body 121, and the seed dropping hole is arranged at the conical top of the conical bottom 122. The setting of conical bottom 122, the seed of being convenient for naturally the landing is to the kind of a hole position that falls, makes things convenient for the whole seeding of seed in seed case 1, can not cause the seed residue problem of corner.

In the blowing mechanism 4, the wind wheel 42 is used as a main component for generating an air flow, and a general air supply structure can be adopted, but in order to generate an air flow with uniform strength in a uniform pipeline, preferably, as shown in fig. 8 to 10, the wind wheel 42 includes a first hub 421 and a second hub 422 which are concentrically arranged, two first hubs 421 and two second hubs 422 are oppositely arranged, and a plurality of wind wheel blades 423 are arranged between the two first hubs 421 and the second hubs 422 in parallel. Also, preferably, the wind turbine blade 423 is an arc-shaped plate, so that a better air output can be generated. And compared with a general fan blade structure, the wind wheel 42 of the embodiment of the invention can more easily generate horizontal airflow with uniform airflow intensity. As shown in fig. 9, at least one of the first wheel hubs 421 is provided with a shaft coupling member 424 in the axial direction, which is coupled to the output shaft of the second motor 43. The shaft connecting member 424 includes a sleeve 4241 and a plurality of ribs 4242 radially distributed, and the ribs 4242 are connected with the sleeve 4241 at one end and the first hub 421 at the other end.

Further, in the present invention, the fan-shaped spreading head 6 has a certain degree of control over the spreading range, but in order to further control the spreading range and angle, it is preferable that the extension pipe 5 includes a straight pipe 51 connected to the fan housing 41 and an angle adjusting joint 52, and the angle adjusting joint 52 is configured to connect the spreading head 6 and make the spreading head 6 adjustable within a predetermined angle. Specifically, the straight pipe comprises an insertion end 512 connected with the fan casing and a spherical casing connecting end 511 connected with the angle adjusting joint 52, the shape of the angle adjusting joint 52 is matched with that of the spherical casing connecting end 511, and a plurality of angle adjusting holes 523 distributed in a sector shape are arranged on the spherical casing connecting end 511 and/or the angle adjusting joint 52. Referring to fig. 2, the hinge hole 521 is provided to facilitate the connection of the angle-adjustable joint 52 with the spherical shell connection end 511 and to enable the angle adjustment.

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Agricultural seeder sets up on agricultural transport vechicle, including the frame with set up in seed case in the frame, wherein, seed case bottom is provided with the kind of a hole, the kind of a hole department of falling is provided with a kind of mechanism, the mechanism of falling at least includes a downwardly extending and with the level to the seed tube that falls of the extension pipe intercommunication that sets up, the extension pipe is provided with a kind of mechanism of blowing towards agricultural transport vechicle advancing direction one side, and the opposite side is provided with one and is fan-shaped spreading's head, it is provided with a plurality of baffles in order to form a plurality of channels of scattering in order to broadcast the overhead, blow the mechanism include one with the fan shell of extension pipe intercommunication and set up in wind wheel in the fan shell, the wind wheel is driven in a second motor and produces order about by the small-grain crop seed of falling seed tube whereabouts by the air current that the spreading.

2. The agricultural seed planter as claimed in claim 1, said seed dropping mechanism further comprising a seed separating box disposed outside said seed dropping hole, said seed separating box having a horizontal spiral feed roller therein driven by a first motor, said seed dropping pipe being connected to said seed separating box.

3. The agricultural seeding machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a baffle plate covering the seed falling hole is arranged in the seed box at the position of the seed falling hole, and the baffle plate is connected with the bottom of the seed box through a connecting column, so that a gap for facilitating the crop seeds to flow to the seed falling hole is formed between the baffle plate and the bottom of the seed box.

4. The agricultural seeding machine according to claim 1, wherein the seed box comprises a box body and a box cover formed on the box body, wherein the box body comprises a box body and a conical bottom positioned at the lower part of the box body, and the seed dropping hole is arranged at the conical top of the conical bottom.

5. The agricultural seed planter as claimed in claim 1, said wind wheel including first and second concentrically disposed hubs, two of said first and second hubs being oppositely disposed, and a plurality of wind wheel blades being juxtaposed between said two first and second hubs.

6. The agricultural planter of claim 5, said wind turbine blade being an arcuate plate.

7. The agricultural seed planter as claimed in claim 5, wherein at least one of said first hubs is axially provided with a shaft connection to an output shaft of said second motor.

8. The agricultural planter as claimed in claim 7, said shaft connector including a hub and a plurality of radially disposed ribs connected at one end to said hub and at the other end to said first hub.

9. The agricultural seed planter of claim 1, the extension tube comprising a straight tube connected to the fan housing and an angle adjustment joint configured to connect to the planting head and make the planting head adjustable within a predetermined angle.

10. The agricultural seeding machine according to claim 1, wherein the straight pipe comprises an insertion end connected with the fan shell and a spherical shell connecting end connected with the angle adjusting joint, the shape of the angle adjusting joint is matched with that of the spherical shell connecting end, and a plurality of angle adjusting holes are formed in the spherical shell connecting end and/or the angle adjusting joint.