CN111278569A - Apparatus and method for arc line injection - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for arc line injection Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111278569A
CN111278569A CN201880057349.5A CN201880057349A CN111278569A CN 111278569 A CN111278569 A CN 111278569A CN 201880057349 A CN201880057349 A CN 201880057349A CN 111278569 A CN111278569 A CN 111278569A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
arc
wire
cantilever
burner according
burner
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201880057349.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
A.库尔茨
W.罗特
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gebrueder Heller Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Gebrueder Heller Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Publication of CN111278569A publication Critical patent/CN111278569A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/224Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material having originally the shape of a wire, rod or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/06Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131Wire arc spraying

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an arc wire burner having two wire supply channels (20,21) arranged in a common plane, which guide wires (23,24) to an arc (22). A nozzle (27) fixed in position with respect to the arc (22) and with respect to the cantilever (11) produces a beam which carries molten metal droplets and intersects the axis of rotation (16) of the arc line burner. The distance (A) between the arc (22) and the axis of rotation (16) is in this case the distance (A) from the radius (R) of the burnerBr) And/or the radius (R) of the hole to be coatedBo) Preferably at least one third, further preferably at least one half as large.

Description

Apparatus and method for arc line injection
Technical Field
The invention relates to an arc wire burner (Lichtbogendahtbrenner) for coating a cylinder running surface of an internal combustion engine by means of an arc wire injector (Lichtbogendahtspritzzen) and to a method for coating a cylinder running surface of an internal combustion engine by means of an arc wire burner.
Background
In order to apply a thin steel layer to a cylinder bore in a light metal engine block, which is prepared in each case by roughening (aufrahung), an arc wire injection is set up.
DE 102005012360B 4 shows a suitable arc wire burner for this purpose, which has a cantilever (Ausleger) with two supply tubes running parallel to the burner head. Through which the arc is supplied not only with the wire but also with a carrier gas (trackergas), which forms a beam via the respective nozzle. The two wires to be supplied to the arc are deflected by 90 ° from the vertical plane into the horizontal plane by means of a rolling guide (rollenfuehung) in order to be supplied to the arc in the same direction as the carrier gas which generates the beam.
Document EP 1238711B 1 shows a burner of this type as well, wherein the arc wire burner is designed as an inner burner.
Document DE 102013200062 a1 describes a burner for hot cladding, which is provided with only one supplied line, which is supplied to the burner on a central rotational axis. A solid electrode with a copper cap and a tungsten core was used as the counter electrode.
Furthermore, DE 102007004416 a1 discloses a device for arc wire injection, in which two wire electrodes, which are melted at the arc, are supplied to the arc in a plane, such that the arc burns on a central axis, which is also oriented concentrically to the cylinder bore to be coated. The metal spray (Metallspray) formed by the surrounding gas nozzles then blows radially against the cylinder running surface.
In the case of cylinder bore coating, burner contamination occurs due to deposition of misdirected metal droplets at the burner outlet nozzle. The deposition is caused by a so-called "Overspray", which for example contains particles which bounce off the work surface. It has also been shown that the arc line injection method, which works absolutely reliably for larger cylinder bores, does not work as well for smaller cylinder bores.
Disclosure of Invention
Starting from this, the object of the invention is to specify an improved arc wire burner and an improved method for arc wire injection.
This object is achieved with an arc wire burner according to claim 1 and with a method for arc wire injection according to claim 11.
The inventive arc wire burner has a cantilever in which two wire supply channels (Drahtzufuehrengskanal) are arranged. It is configured such that both wires running in the wire supply channel extend in a common plane up to their respective free ends, where the arc burns. One or more gas guide channels are additionally provided in connection with the nozzle. The nozzle is directed such that the beam emerging from the nozzle is oriented at right angles to the plane in which the line is directed. The cantilever is connected to a positioning device, wherein the axis of rotation of the positioning device and thus immediately before the axis of rotation of the cantilever is "in front" of the arc, so that the beam is arranged transverse to the axis of rotation and vice versa.
By means of these measures, a generally flat cantilever is designed in which the path of the metal droplets generated in the arc from the arc until they impinge on the surface to be coated is greater than the radius of the cylinder bore to be coated. Preferably, the path covered by the metal droplet (which is also referred to as the beam length) is furthermore greater than the radius of the cantilever. The radius of the cantilever is determined by the distance of the axis of rotation from the back side of the cantilever facing away from the beam.
Such a burner has the advantage over burners with a central arc of a longer acceleration path of the metal droplets, so that they impinge at a higher speed on the cylinder bore to be coated. This may lead to an improved coating quality. In addition, in this way, less overspray is deposited at the cantilever and its nozzle. Overall, less bouncing particles are generated, which can be further cooled, so that their tendency to adhere (anhaftstung) is reduced and which can be conducted away by the flushing air flow before they hit the burner.
The geometric constraints described above also make it possible to improve the suction through the cylinder bore upwards and/or downwards, which works in particular for bores with a smaller diameter.
The increased distance between the arc and the surface to be coated reduces the heat input into the surface to be coated. This may be beneficial to the quality of the resulting coating. The new form of arc wire burners in particular now also enables coating of cylinder bores with particularly small diameters, which caters for the trend towards smaller drive motors for motor vehicles. Further measures leading to the above-mentioned advantages are found in particular in claims 2 to 10.
The guidance of the two lines in a plane with or without curvature caters for the flat design of the burner. In addition, significantly less arc interference occurs in the present invention than in a burner with a 90 ° deflection of the line. The stick-slip effect between the thread and the thread guide, which would otherwise lead to uneven thread feed and thus to fluctuations in the thread feed speed, is avoided without significant deflection, in particular without 90 ° deflection. In addition to a more uniform wire supply, a lower feed force (Vorschubkraft) and thus a lower drive power are also required as a further advantage. Also less wire wear and less wear at possible guides, such as in particular ceramic guides etc.
If one or both wire supply channels guide the wire such that it undergoes a certain bending in a fixed plane, it is preferably significantly less than 90 °. Particularly preferably, the deformation imparted to the wire is merely of an elastic nature, so that the wire is again fed to the arc on a straight path after passing through its bend. Due to the lack of plastic deformation, no unloading processes (entspannnungsvorgang) are also observed in the region of the heating zone of the wire close to the arc, which would otherwise lead to chattering or otherwise unstable operation of the wire ends. Avoiding such fluttering movements leads to avoiding uneven drop formation and thus to an improved overlay image.
Drawings
Further details of advantageous embodiments of the invention are the contents of the claims, in particular the dependent claims, the figures and the associated description. Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings. Wherein:
figure 1 shows a cladding installation with an arc-wire burner according to the invention in a schematic side view,
figure 2 shows the arc line burner according to figure 1 in a schematic vertically cut-away view,
fig. 3 shows the arc burner according to fig. 1 and 2 in a schematic front view and
fig. 4 shows the arc-line burner according to fig. 2 and 3 in a schematic view along the line IV-IV in fig. 3.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a coating device 10 with an arc wire burner 11 for coating cylinder bores 12, 13 of an engine block 14. The arc wire burner 11 is held at a positioning device 15, which is positioned relative to the engine block 14 such that the axis of rotation (about which the arc wire burner 14 rotates) is oriented concentrically to the respective central axis of the cylinder bore 12 or 13.
The positioning device 15 carries a roller carriage (rollertraeger) 17, shown only symbolically in fig. 1, which prepares the wires necessary for the supply of the arc-wire burner 11 and rotates together with the arc-wire burner 11 about the axis of rotation 16.
The arc wire burner 11 produces a conical or fan-shaped beam 18 of carrier gas and molten metal droplets, which impinge in the beam 18 on a working surface 19 and are deposited there as a layer.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the arc line burner 11 is flattened such that the source of the beam 18 is "behind" the axis of rotation 16, as viewed from the beam impact point of the working surface 19, that is to say the beam 18 traverses the axis of rotation 16.
The cantilever 11, which is shown in particular in fig. 2 and 3, has at least 2 wire supply channels 20,21, which are shown schematically in fig. 3 and via which the arc 22 is supplied by a drive, not shown further, to wires 23,24 which melt at their ends. The drive means may each comprise one or more drive rollers which are in frictional engagement with the respective threads 23,24 and which controllably transport these threads.
Furthermore, each line 23,24 has associated with it one or more current supplies with contacts 25, 26, which are designed, for example, as sliding contacts, rollers, contact shoes (Kontakatschuh), etc. The current supply contacts 25, 26 are preferably, but not necessarily, arranged near or at the location of the respective wires 23,24, where the wires undergo a small bend. Preferably, the respective wire 23,24 is straight on both sides of each bend, wherein the bend is preferably weak such that the deformation of the wire 23,24 remains in the elastic range. Independently of this, the arc 22 is supplied with the two wires 23,24 in a plane which, as shown in fig. 2, is preferably arranged at a constant distance a from the axis of rotation 16. It is however also possible to incline the plane described by the two lines 23,24 at an acute angle to the axis of rotation 16.
The wires 23,24 terminate at the arc 22, which is preferably arranged centrally in the nozzle 27 or before the nozzle 27. The nozzle 27 defines a discharge direction 28, which is indicated by a dashed line in fig. 2 and which is at the same time the center axis of the, for example, conical spray beam 18 (fig. 1). The discharge direction 28 is preferably at right angles to the axis of rotation 16.
The nozzle 27 is coupled to at least one gas guide channel 29, which extends through the boom 11 and supplies a process gas, for example nitrogen or another gas, to the nozzle 27. In particular, the nozzle 27 may be configured such that it produces a core beam (Kernstrahl) and a wrapped beam, in order to form an inner beam carrying hot metal droplets and a wrapped beam for isolating the atmosphere.
As can be seen in particular also from fig. 4, the cantilever 11 has a housing with a radius RBrThe distance of the rear, oppositely directed beam 18 location 30 from the axis of rotation 16 is determined. Arc 22 spacing A from axis of rotation 16 and radius RBrPreferably at least one third, further preferably at leastHalf as large. Furthermore, the outer contour of the horizontal section of the cantilever 11, which is visible from fig. 4, is maintained with a radius RBrWithin the semi-circle of (a). Thus, when coating the cylinder bore 19, the cantilever 11 is preceded by a large space for the suction flow for sucking overspray or other interfering particles.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the bore radius R of the cylinder bore 12BoAt least equal to the radius R of the shellBrAs large.
By arranging these two lines 23,24 in a plane that is ahead of the axis of rotation 16 with respect to the discharge direction of the beam 18 (that is to say the lines 23,24 are upstream with respect to the axis of rotation 16), a maximum spacing a from the working surface 19 is obtainedBWhich is significantly larger than the hole radius RBo
The coating installation 10 described in this connection operates as follows:
to coat the running surface 19 of the cylinder bore 12, the cantilever arm 11 is axially retracted into the cylinder bore 12 as shown in fig. 1. The cantilever arm preferably extends parallel to the axis of rotation 16, which is at the same time the center axis of the cylinder bore 12. By means of the positioning device 15, a relative rotation is effected between the cylinder block 14 and the arc wire burner 11, within the scope of which the cylinder block 14 or the arc wire burner 11 rotates about the axis of rotation 16. At the same time, the two wires 23,24 are supplied with electrical power with respective generators, so that the arc 22 ignites and burns between the ends of the two wires 23, 24. The gas guide channel 29 and, if appropriate, further gas guide channels not shown, are loaded with a suitable carrier gas, for example nitrogen or another gas or gas mixture, so that the metal droplets melted from the wire are carried by the arc 22 from the gas jet in the jet 18 as a spray onto the working surface 19. The regulating device here regulates the wire feed, the current supplied to the wires 23,24 and/or the gas flow supplied via the gas guide channel 29.
By means of a relative movement in the circumferential direction and additionally in the axial direction, the running surface 19 of the cylinder bore 12 is provided with a coating (Belag) of hardened metal droplets around and over the entire axial extension.
The metal droplet does not have a noticeable initial velocity at the arc first. Which is carried away from the end of the wire by the gas jet generated by the nozzle 27 and accelerated in the direction of the working surface 19. Due to the distance a between the arc 22 and the axis of rotation 16, the metal droplets already have a significant velocity when passing through the axis of rotation 16 and are accelerated further on the remaining path. It impinges on the working surface 19 at high velocity, which facilitates layer build up and reduces the percentage of unattached metal particles (which may otherwise deposit).
The arc wire burner according to the invention has two wire supply channels 20,21 arranged in a common plane, which guide wires 23,24 to an arc 22. A nozzle 27, which is stationary with respect to the arc 22 and with respect to the cantilever 11, produces a beam that carries molten metal droplets and intersects the axis of rotation 16 of the arc line burner. The distance a between the arc 22 and the axis of rotation 16 is in this case equal to the radius R of the burnerBrAnd/or the radius R of the hole to be coatedBoPreferably at least one third, further preferably at least one half as large.
List of reference numerals:
10 cladding installation
11 Arc wire burner
12, 13 Cylinder bore
14 Engine cylinder block
15 Positioning device
16 Axis of rotation
17 Roller bracket
18 Beam of radiation
19 Working surface
20, 21 Wire supply channel
22 Electric arc
23, 24 Thread
25, 26 Current supply contact
A Spacing between the plane of the lines 23,24 and the axis of rotation
27 Nozzle with a nozzle body
28 Discharge direction of the nozzle 27
29 Gas guide channel
30 At the back side of the cantilever 11
RBr Radius of the shell
RBo Radius of the cylinder bore 12
AB Spacing of arc 22 from working surface 19

Claims (11)

1. Arc wire burner for coating the working surfaces of a cylinder by means of arc wire injection, said arc wire burner
With a cantilever (11) having two wire supply channels (20,21), at least one gas guide channel (29) and current leads (25, 26) arranged in a common plane,
with a nozzle (27) which is coupled to at least one of the gas guide channels (29) and which is designed such that it produces a jet (18) which is oriented substantially perpendicularly to the plane,
with a positioning device (15) for supporting the cantilever (11) with respect to a rotational axis (16) in such a way that the rotational axis (16) is arranged transversely to the beam (18).
2. The arc line burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the cantilever (11) is movable eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation (16).
3. The arc line burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the beam (18) generated by the nozzle (27) and the arc (22) burning between the ends of the two lines (23,24) are arranged centrally to each other.
4. The arc line burner according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the arc (22) and the rotation axis (16) a spacing (a) is determined, which is at least as large as the radius (R) of the cantilever (11) to be measured in the same directionBr) One third, preferably half as large.
5. The arc wire burner according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer contour of the cross section of the cantilever (11) at the height of its arc (22) does not exceed a semicircle, which has the axis of rotation (16) as a center point and whose radius is determined by the back side (30) of the cantilever (11) facing away from the nozzle (27).
6. The arc line burner according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line supply channels (20,21) are configured determining orbits that are curved towards each other at their respective ends.
7. The arc line burner according to claim 6, characterized in that the line supply channels (20,21) are furthermore embodied straight.
8. The arc line burner according to claim 7, characterized in that a wire (23,24) is guided through the wire supply channel (20,21) and the bending is determined such that the wire (23,24) guided through the wire supply channel (20,21) undergoes deformation.
9. The arc line burner of claim 8, characterized in that the bending is determined such that the wires (23,24) undergo only elastic deformation.
10. The arc wire burner according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one current supply means (25, 26) is arranged in the curved region at the wire supply channel (23, 24).
11. Method for coating a cylinder face (19) by means of an arc wire burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arc (22) is spaced from the cylinder face (19) to be coated by more than its radius (R)Bo)。
CN201880057349.5A 2017-09-05 2018-09-04 Apparatus and method for arc line injection Pending CN111278569A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017120397.4A DE102017120397A1 (en) 2017-09-05 2017-09-05 Apparatus and method for electric arc wire spraying
DE102017120397.4 2017-09-05
PCT/EP2018/073755 WO2019048431A1 (en) 2017-09-05 2018-09-04 Device and method for electric arc wire spraying

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111278569A true CN111278569A (en) 2020-06-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201880057349.5A Pending CN111278569A (en) 2017-09-05 2018-09-04 Apparatus and method for arc line injection

Country Status (3)

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CN (1) CN111278569A (en)
DE (1) DE102017120397A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2019048431A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019126115A1 (en) * 2019-09-27 2021-04-01 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Arc torch and process for coating metal surfaces

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WO1991012183A1 (en) * 1990-02-12 1991-08-22 Tafa Incorporated Inside diameter arc spray gun
US20040231596A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 George Louis C. Electric arc spray method and apparatus with combustible gas deflection of spray stream
US20120067285A1 (en) * 2007-03-26 2012-03-22 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Thermal spraying apparatus
JP2016137439A (en) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 株式会社ダイヘン Thermal spray gun and thermal spray device with same
JP2016138308A (en) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 株式会社ダイヘン Thermal spray gun and thermal spray device equipped with the same
JP2016137440A (en) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 株式会社ダイヘン Thermal spray gun and thermal spray device with same
CN106480396A (en) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-08 丰田自动车株式会社 Sprayed formation device and sprayed forming method

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DE102011114395A1 (en) * 2011-09-24 2013-03-28 Daimler Ag Device for thermal coating of internal walls of hollow objects e.g. cylinder bore of internal combustion engine, guides coating material with wires through lateral outlet opening with respect to burner head such that arc is ignited
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991012183A1 (en) * 1990-02-12 1991-08-22 Tafa Incorporated Inside diameter arc spray gun
US20040231596A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 George Louis C. Electric arc spray method and apparatus with combustible gas deflection of spray stream
US20120067285A1 (en) * 2007-03-26 2012-03-22 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Thermal spraying apparatus
JP2016137439A (en) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 株式会社ダイヘン Thermal spray gun and thermal spray device with same
JP2016138308A (en) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 株式会社ダイヘン Thermal spray gun and thermal spray device equipped with the same
JP2016137440A (en) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 株式会社ダイヘン Thermal spray gun and thermal spray device with same
CN106480396A (en) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-08 丰田自动车株式会社 Sprayed formation device and sprayed forming method

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DE102017120397A1 (en) 2019-03-07

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