CN111277280A - Phased array transmitting chip based on millimeter wave voltage-controlled oscillator - Google Patents
Phased array transmitting chip based on millimeter wave voltage-controlled oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
- H04B2001/0408—Circuits with power amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
- H04B2001/0408—Circuits with power amplifiers
- H04B2001/0416—Circuits with power amplifiers having gain or transmission power control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase control array transmitting chip based on a millimeter wave voltage-controlled oscillator, which belongs to the technical field of millimeter wave transmitting chips and comprises a voltage signal input end, a voltage-controlled oscillator, a phase control signal input end, a power distribution network, a plurality of digital item shifters, a plurality of power amplifiers and a plurality of output ends; the voltage signal input end is electrically connected with the voltage-controlled oscillator, the voltage-controlled oscillator is electrically connected with a power distribution network, the power distribution network is electrically connected with digital item shifters, each digital item shifter is electrically connected with one power amplifier, each power amplifier is electrically connected with one output end, and the digital item shifters are electrically connected with the phase control signal input end; the invention directly adopts the voltage-controlled oscillator to generate the ultra-bandwidth millimeter wave signal, has simpler structure, reduces the chip area and reduces the chip power consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of millimeter wave transmitting chips, in particular to a phased array transmitting chip based on a millimeter wave voltage-controlled oscillator.
Background
Because low frequency is easier to design, the existing millimeter wave transmitting chip generally adopts a low frequency source, a framework for frequency doubling to high frequency transmission in order to obtain ultra-bandwidth millimeter wave signals, for example, ultra-bandwidth millimeter wave signals are generated, the working frequency band of the ultra-bandwidth millimeter wave signals is 72-80GHz, and the bandwidth of the ultra-bandwidth millimeter wave signals is 8GHz, and the generally adopted scheme is as follows: a low-frequency source is adopted, the working frequency range is 18-20GHz, the bandwidth is 2GHz, and the signal is obtained by multiplying 4 times. Because the bandwidth of the low-frequency source is 2GHz, the low-frequency source is easily obtained by design, but the structure is complex, and the existing millimeter wave transmitting chip does not directly obtain the ultra-bandwidth millimeter wave signal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a phased array transmitting chip based on a millimeter wave voltage-controlled oscillator.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a phased array transmitting chip based on a millimeter wave voltage-controlled oscillator comprises a voltage signal input end, a voltage-controlled oscillator, a phase control signal input end, a power distribution network, a plurality of digital item shifters, a plurality of power amplifiers and a plurality of output ends; the voltage signal input end is electrically connected with the voltage-controlled oscillator, the voltage-controlled oscillator is electrically connected with a power distribution network, the power distribution network is electrically connected with digital item shifters, each digital item shifter is electrically connected with one power amplifier, each power amplifier is electrically connected with one output end, and the digital item shifters are electrically connected with the phase control signal input end.
Further, the voltage-controlled oscillator generates an ultra-wideband millimeter wave signal, is a colpitts voltage-controlled oscillator, and outputs a differential signal to the power distribution network.
Further, the specific circuit of the voltage-controlled oscillator is as follows:
one end of a power supply VDD is connected with a power supply, the other end of the power supply VDD is connected with one end of an inductor L1, one end of a resistor Rd and one end of an inductor L4 respectively, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of an output end VON and a drain of a transistor M1 simultaneously, a gate of the transistor M1 is connected with one end of an inductor L2, one end of a variable capacitor Vcap1 and one end of a capacitor C1 simultaneously, a source of the transistor M1 is connected with the other end of a capacitor C1, one end of a capacitor C2 and one end of an inductor L3 simultaneously, the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with one end of an inductor L6 and a ground GND simultaneously, and the other end of the inductor L85Rd is connected with the other end of; the other end of the variable capacitor Vcap1 is simultaneously connected with one end of a resistor Rc and one end of a variable capacitor Vcap2, and the other end of the resistor Rc is connected with a voltage signal input end Vcon;
the other end of the inductor L5 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the variable capacitor Vcap2, one end of the capacitor C3 and the gate of the transistor M2, the drain of the transistor M2 is respectively connected with the other end of the inductor L4 and one end of the output end VOP, the source of the transistor M2 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the capacitor C3, one end of the capacitor C4 and the other end of the inductor L6, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C2;
the other end of the output terminal VON and the other end of the output terminal VOP are connected with the power distribution network.
Furthermore, the output frequency range of the voltage-controlled oscillator is 75-82GHz, the linear frequency modulation bandwidth is 7GHz, the tuning voltage is 0-1.5V, and the output phase noise is-94-96 dBc/Hz @ (1MHz) in the output frequency range.
The power distribution network distributes the output power of the voltage-controlled oscillator into five paths, the three paths are respectively output to the three power amplifiers, one path is connected with an external chip through the output end MCC, and the other path is connected with the external chip through the output end Vcoo.
Further, the specific structure of the power distribution network is as follows:
one end of an input end P0 is connected with an output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator, the other end of the input end P0 is connected with an input end of a power divider D0, an output end 1 of the power divider D0 is simultaneously connected with an input end of a power divider D1 and one end of a resistor R0, and an output end 2 of the power divider D0 is simultaneously connected with the other ends of the output end P5 and the resistor R0;
the output end 1 of the power divider D1 is simultaneously connected with the input end of the power divider D2 and one end of the resistor R1, and the output end 2 of the power divider D1 is simultaneously connected with the input end of the power divider D3 and the other end of the resistor R1; the output end 1 of the power divider D2 is simultaneously connected with the output end P1 and one end of the resistor R2, and the output end 2 of the power divider D2 is simultaneously connected with the output end P2 and the other end of the resistor R2; the output end 1 of the power divider D3 is simultaneously connected with the output end P3 and one end of the resistor R3, and the output end 2 of the power divider D3 is simultaneously connected with the output end P4 and the other end of the resistor R3;
the output end P1, the output end P2 and the output end P3 are respectively connected to a power amplifier, the output end P4 is connected to the output end MCC, and the output end P5 is connected to the output end Vcoo.
Further, the digital item shifter is a 6-bit digital item shifter.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention directly adopts the voltage-controlled oscillator to generate the ultra-bandwidth millimeter wave signal, has wide bandwidth, good linearity, good phase noise and simpler structure, reduces the chip area and reduces the chip power consumption.
The invention adopts a five-equal power distribution scheme, has small insertion loss, good power distribution and phase consistency and compromise isolation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is an overall architecture diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic of the power distribution network of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic of a voltage controlled oscillator of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the output frequency variation of the VCO in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the phase noise variation of the voltage controlled oscillator of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the variation of the input/output power of the power amplifier according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a phased array transmitting chip based on a millimeter wave voltage-controlled oscillator, as shown in fig. 1, including a voltage signal input terminal (Vcon), a voltage-controlled oscillator (Vco), a phase control signal input terminal (PSC), a power distribution network, N digital transposers, N power amplifiers, and N output terminals;
the voltage signal input end is electrically connected with the voltage-controlled oscillator, the voltage-controlled oscillator is a Copytz voltage-controlled oscillator, and differential signals are output to the power distribution network.
The voltage-controlled oscillator is electrically connected with a power distribution network, the power distribution network is used for carrying out power distribution on the output power of the voltage-controlled oscillator and distributing the power to N +2 paths of signals, the power distribution network is electrically connected with N digital item shifters, wherein the N paths of signals are respectively output to the N digital item shifters, one path of signals are output to an external chip through an output end MCC, and the other path of signals are connected with an external chip (generally a phase-locked loop) through an output end Vcoo; the N digital item shifters are all electrically connected with the phase control signal input end, and the digital item shifters carry out phase shifting under the control of the phase control signal; the digital item shifter is a 6-bit digital item shifter, e.g., phi ═ b05.625°+b111.25°+b222.5°+b345°+b490°+b5180 DEG phi is a shifted phase, b0～b5The PSC is input from a phase control signal input terminal as a control signal PSC. Each digital peak shifter is electrically connected with a power amplifier, and the power amplifier is used for amplifying signals; each power amplifier is electrically connected with one output end, and N paths of signals can be output.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a voltage-controlled oscillator for outputting an ultra-wideband millimeter wave signal based on embodiment 1, where specific circuit connections of the voltage-controlled oscillator are as follows, as shown in fig. 3:
one end of a power supply VDD is connected with a power supply, the other end of the power supply VDD is connected with one end of an inductor L1, one end of a resistor Rd and one end of an inductor L4 respectively, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of an output end VON and a drain of a transistor M1 simultaneously, a gate of the transistor M1 is connected with one end of an inductor L2, one end of a variable capacitor Vcap1 and one end of a capacitor C1 simultaneously, a source of the transistor M1 is connected with the other end of a capacitor C1, one end of a capacitor C2 and one end of an inductor L3 simultaneously, the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with one end of an inductor L6 and a ground GND simultaneously, and the other end of the inductor L85Rd is connected with the other end of; the other end of the variable capacitor Vcap1 is simultaneously connected with one end of a resistor Rc and one end of a variable capacitor Vcap2, and the other end of the resistor Rc is connected with a voltage signal input end Vcon;
the other end of the inductor L5 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the variable capacitor Vcap2, one end of the capacitor C3 and the gate of the transistor M2, the drain of the transistor M2 is respectively connected with the other end of the inductor L4 and one end of the output end VOP, the source of the transistor M2 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the capacitor C3, one end of the capacitor C4 and the other end of the inductor L6, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C2;
the other end of the output terminal VON and the other end of the output terminal VOP are connected with the power distribution network.
As shown in fig. 4, the output frequency range of the voltage controlled oscillator VCO is: 75 ~ 82GHz, the linear frequency modulation bandwidth is: 7GHz, the tuning voltage is 0-1.5V, the abscissa VCON in the figure is the tuning voltage (V), and the ordinate is the frequency (GHz) range.
As shown in fig. 5, the output phase noise of the voltage controlled oscillator VCO is: 94-96 dBc/Hz @ 1MHz, where @ 1MHz refers to the frequency of the offset carrier frequency of 1 MHz. The abscissa of the graph is the phase noise frequency offset (Hz) and the ordinate is the phase noise value (dBc/Hz).
Example 3
In this embodiment, based on embodiment 1, the power distribution network distributes the output power of the voltage-controlled oscillator into five paths, that is, N is 3, the three paths are respectively output to three power amplifiers, one path is connected to an external chip through an output terminal MCC, and the other path is connected to the external chip through an output terminal Vcoo.
The specific structure of the power distribution network is as shown in fig. 2:
one end of an input end P0 is connected with an output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator, the other end of the input end P0 is connected with an input end of a power divider D0, an output end 1 of the power divider D0 is simultaneously connected with an input end of a power divider D1 and one end of a resistor R0, and an output end 2 of the power divider D0 is simultaneously connected with the other ends of the output end P5 and the resistor R0;
the output end 1 of the power divider D1 is simultaneously connected with the input end of the power divider D2 and one end of the resistor R1, and the output end 2 of the power divider D1 is simultaneously connected with the input end of the power divider D3 and the other end of the resistor R1; the output end 1 of the power divider D2 is simultaneously connected with the output end P1 and one end of the resistor R2, and the output end 2 of the power divider D2 is simultaneously connected with the output end P2 and the other end of the resistor R2; the output end 1 of the power divider D3 is simultaneously connected with the output end P3 and one end of the resistor R3, and the output end 2 of the power divider D3 is simultaneously connected with the output end P4 and the other end of the resistor R3;
the output end P1, the output end P2 and the output end P3 are respectively connected to a power amplifier, the output end P4 is connected to the output end MCC, and the output end P5 is connected to the output end Vcoo.
Since the power dividers D0-D3 are calculated in the same manner, taking the power divider D0 as an example, the impedance transformation formula of the power divider D0 is as follows:
where k is the power allocation factor, Z0Is the characteristic impedance, Z, of the input of the power divider D01Is the characteristic impedance, Z, of the output 1 of the power divider D02Is the characteristic impedance, R, of the output 2 of the power divider D00The branch lines are all of the length of the load resistor
λ is the wavelength.
As shown in fig. 6, when the power amplifier operates at 77GHz, the 1dB compression point output power P1dB is 13.3dBm, the saturation output power is 16dBm, and the linear amplification Gain is 18 dB. In the figure, the abscissa represents the input power (dBm) of the power amplifier, and the ordinate represents the output power (dBm) of the power amplifier.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A phased array transmitting chip based on a millimeter wave voltage-controlled oscillator is characterized in that: the device comprises a voltage signal input end Vcon, a voltage-controlled oscillator, a phase control signal input end, a power distribution network, a plurality of digital item shifters, a plurality of power amplifiers and a plurality of output ends; the voltage signal input end Vcon is electrically connected with the voltage-controlled oscillator, the voltage-controlled oscillator is electrically connected with a power distribution network, the power distribution network is electrically connected with digital item shifters, each digital item shifter is electrically connected with one power amplifier, each power amplifier is electrically connected with one output end, and the digital item shifters are electrically connected with the phase control signal input ends.
2. A millimeter wave voltage controlled oscillator based phased array transmit chip as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the voltage-controlled oscillator generates an ultra-wideband millimeter wave signal, is a Copytz voltage-controlled oscillator, and outputs a differential signal to the power distribution network.
3. A millimeter wave voltage controlled oscillator based phased array transmit chip as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the specific circuit of the voltage-controlled oscillator is as follows:
one end of a power supply VDD is connected with a power supply, the other end of the power supply VDD is connected with one end of an inductor L1, one end of a resistor Rd and one end of an inductor L4 respectively, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of an output end VON and a drain of a transistor M1 simultaneously, a gate of the transistor M1 is connected with one end of an inductor L2, one end of a variable capacitor Vcap1 and one end of a capacitor C1 simultaneously, a source of the transistor M1 is connected with the other end of a capacitor C1, one end of a capacitor C2 and one end of an inductor L3 simultaneously, the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with one end of an inductor L6 and a ground GND simultaneously, and the other end of the inductor L85Rd is connected with the other end of; the other end of the variable capacitor Vcap1 is simultaneously connected with one end of a resistor Rc and one end of a variable capacitor Vcap2, and the other end of the resistor Rc is connected with a voltage signal input end Vcon;
the other end of the inductor L5 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the variable capacitor Vcap2, one end of the capacitor C3 and the gate of the transistor M2, the drain of the transistor M2 is respectively connected with the other end of the inductor L4 and one end of the output end VOP, the source of the transistor M2 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the capacitor C3, one end of the capacitor C4 and the other end of the inductor L6, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C2;
the other end of the output terminal VON and the other end of the output terminal VOP are connected with the power distribution network.
4. A millimeter wave voltage controlled oscillator based phased array transmit chip as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the output frequency range of the voltage-controlled oscillator is 75-82GHz, the linear frequency modulation bandwidth is 7GHz, the tuning voltage is 0-1.5V, and the output phase noise is-94-96 dBc/Hz @ (1MHz) in the output frequency range.
5. A millimeter wave voltage controlled oscillator based phased array transmit chip as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power distribution network distributes the output power of the voltage-controlled oscillator into five paths, the three paths are respectively output to the three power amplifiers, one path is connected with an external chip through the output end MCC, and the other path is connected with the external chip through the output end Vcoo.
6. The phased array transmit chip based on a millimeter wave voltage controlled oscillator of claim 5, wherein: the specific structure of the power distribution network is as follows:
one end of an input end P0 is connected with an output end of the voltage-controlled oscillator, the other end of the input end P0 is connected with an input end of a power divider D0, an output end 1 of the power divider D0 is simultaneously connected with an input end of a power divider D1 and one end of a resistor R0, and an output end 2 of the power divider D0 is simultaneously connected with the other ends of the output end P5 and the resistor R0;
the output end 1 of the power divider D1 is simultaneously connected with the input end of the power divider D2 and one end of the resistor R1, and the output end 2 of the power divider D1 is simultaneously connected with the input end of the power divider D3 and the other end of the resistor R1; the output end 1 of the power divider D2 is simultaneously connected with the output end P1 and one end of the resistor R2, and the output end 2 of the power divider D2 is simultaneously connected with the output end P2 and the other end of the resistor R2; the output end 1 of the power divider D3 is simultaneously connected with the output end P3 and one end of the resistor R3, and the output end 2 of the power divider D3 is simultaneously connected with the output end P4 and the other end of the resistor R3;
the output end P1, the output end P2 and the output end P3 are respectively connected to a power amplifier, the output end P4 is connected to the output end MCC, and the output end P5 is connected to the output end Vcoo.
7. A millimeter wave voltage controlled oscillator based phased array transmit chip as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the digital item shifter is a 6-bit digital item shifter.
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| CN111277280B (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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