CN111264612A - Automatic freeze-drying device of durian - Google Patents
Automatic freeze-drying device of durian Download PDFInfo
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- CN111264612A CN111264612A CN202010058818.4A CN202010058818A CN111264612A CN 111264612 A CN111264612 A CN 111264612A CN 202010058818 A CN202010058818 A CN 202010058818A CN 111264612 A CN111264612 A CN 111264612A
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- storehouse
- door
- drying
- drying device
- durian
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B7/024—Freeze-drying, i.e. cryodessication or lyophilisation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/18—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive on or in moving dishes, trays, pans, or other mainly-open receptacles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/003—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for articles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/08—Parts thereof
- F26B25/12—Walls or sides; Doors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
- F26B25/18—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly open, e.g. dish, tray, pan, rack
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic freeze-drying device for durian, aiming at providing an automatic freeze-drying device for durian with good freeze-drying effect. It includes refrigerating plant, drying device and control system, refrigerating plant be equipped with refrigerator and freezing storehouse, the inner wall in freezing storehouse is equipped with a plurality of cryovial, refrigerator and freezing storehouse pass through the cryovial connection, drying device be equipped with condenser, vacuum pump and dry storehouse, the one end and the vacuum pump connection of condenser, the other end and the dry storehouse pipe connection of condenser, drying device be equipped with the booster pump, booster pump and dry storehouse pipe connection, dry storehouse inner wall be equipped with electric heater, freezing storehouse and dry storehouse both ends all be equipped with the sealing layer, refrigerator, booster pump, electric heater and vacuum pump all be connected with the control system electricity. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the freeze drying effect is good; the working efficiency is high; and (4) automatic production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of freeze drying, in particular to an automatic freeze drying device for durian.
Background
Traditional drying causes the material to shrink, destroying the cells. Whereas freeze-drying refers to the process of removing water or other solvents from frozen biological products by sublimation. Sublimation refers to the process of a solvent, such as water, directly changing from a solid to a gaseous state without passing through a liquid state, like dry ice. The product obtained by freeze-drying is called lyophilisate and the process is called lyophilisation. The structure of the sample is not destroyed during freeze drying because the solid components are supported by the ice that is present in their place. As the ice sublimes, it leaves pores in the dry remainder. This preserves the integrity of the biological and chemical structure and activity of the product. The prior freeze dryer has the problems of poor freeze drying effect, manual operation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic durian freeze-drying device with good freeze-drying effect, aiming at overcoming the defects that the freeze-drying effect is poor, manual operation is needed and the like in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an automatic freeze drying device of durian, including refrigerating plant, drying device and control system, refrigerating plant is equipped with refrigerator and freezing storehouse, the inner wall in freezing storehouse is equipped with a plurality of cryovial, the refrigerator passes through the cryovial with freezing storehouse and is connected, drying device is equipped with the condenser, vacuum pump and dry storehouse, the one end and the vacuum pump connection of condenser, the other end and the dry storehouse pipe connection of condenser, drying device is equipped with the booster pump, the booster pump is connected with dry storehouse pipe connection, dry storehouse inner wall is equipped with the electrical heating board, freezing storehouse, be equipped with the sealing layer between the dry storehouse, freezing storehouse and dry storehouse all with sealing layer fixed connection, be equipped with the electrically operated gate on the sealing layer, the refrigerator, the booster pump, the electrical heating board, electrically operated gate and vacuum pump all.
The freeze-drying device comprises a freezing device, a drying device and a control system, the freezing device is separated from the drying device, and the phenomenon that a large amount of cold air is heated to form water to influence durian drying during freezing is avoided. The refrigerating plant is equipped with refrigerator and freezing storehouse, and the inner wall in freezing storehouse is equipped with a plurality of cryovial, and the refrigerator passes through the cryovial with freezing storehouse and is connected, and the cryovial is covered with the inner wall in freezing storehouse and guarantees that the freezing temperature of different positions is the same in the whole freezing storehouse, guarantees that the durian is freezing even, guarantees that the refrigeration effect is perfect, does benefit to drying on next step. Drying device is equipped with condenser, vacuum pump, dry storehouse and booster pump, and dry storehouse inner wall is equipped with the electric heating board, heats dry storehouse, carries out sublimation drying to the durian. The vacuum pump ensures that the drying environment is in a vacuum state, and ensures the drying effect. The one end and the vacuum pump pipe connection of condenser, the other end and the dry storehouse pipe connection of condenser guarantee that the vapor that sublimates out condenses in the dry storehouse and adsorbs in the condenser, guarantee that vapor does not influence dry storehouse, guarantee drying effect, guarantee simultaneously that vapor does not get into the vacuum pump, influence vacuum pump work. When accomplishing first section sublimation drying, carry out analytic drying, because the effusion moisture in the analytic dry durian reduces, condenser temperature descends, leads to the decline of internal pressure, influences dry efficiency, guarantees analytic drying efficiency height through the booster pump toward drying cabinet and adds inert gas and guarantee that pressure is in certain within range in the drying cabinet, guarantees dry effect. Control system control refrigerator, booster pump, electric heating board and vacuum pump move and close, do not need artificial control, guarantee every process accuracy more through intelligent control, guarantee freeze-drying's effect, the both ends in freezing storehouse and dry storehouse all are equipped with the sealing layer, guarantee the interior sealed of freezing storehouse and dry storehouse, make freeze-drying's effectual, be equipped with the feeding and the ejection of compact of the convenient freezing storehouse of electrically operated gate, dry storehouse on the sealing layer. The design achieves the purpose of good freeze drying effect.
Preferably, an electric butterfly valve is arranged between the condenser and the drying bin, one end of the electric butterfly valve is connected with the condenser, the other end of the electric butterfly valve is connected with the drying bin, an electric butterfly valve is arranged between the booster pump and the drying bin, one end of the electric butterfly valve is connected with the booster pump, the other end of the electric butterfly valve is connected with the drying bin, and the electric butterfly valve is electrically connected with the control system. The sealing of the drying bin in the drying process is guaranteed, the vacuum environment is guaranteed to be dried, and the drying effect is guaranteed.
Preferably, the control system comprises a PLC, a display and a distribution box, one end of the display is electrically connected with the distribution box, the other end of the display is electrically connected with the PLC, and the refrigerator, the electric heating plate, the booster pump, the electric butterfly valve and the vacuum pump are electrically connected with the PLC. The PLC has the characteristics of high reliability, high anti-interference capability, flexibility in use, high cost performance and the like, can conveniently control equipment, and is low in cost, and the display can conveniently and visually know data.
Preferably, a first rotating shaft and a first rotating machine are arranged in the freezing bin, the first rotating shaft is connected with the first rotating machine in a matched mode, the first rotating shaft is installed between the two sealing layers, the first rotating machine is installed on the sealing layers, the first rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of first storage rack and a plurality of temperature detectors, the first temperature detectors and the first storage rack are fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft, the sterilizing lamp is arranged on the inner wall of the freezing bin, and the first rotating machine, the sterilizing lamp and the temperature detectors are electrically connected with the PLC. Be equipped with pivot one in the freezing storehouse, a plurality of supporter is one in the pivot, and in freezing process the supporter is one to rotate along with pivot one, and the durian refrigeration effect on every supporter of better assurance is the same, and temperature detector can survey the frozen temperature of durian on every supporter, and when the frozen temperature of durian reaches the effect of needs, feeds back to PLC, through the frozen storehouse stop work of PLC control, guarantees frozen degree best, improves freeze-drying's effect. The sterilizing lamp is used for sterilizing durian in the freezing process, so that sanitation is guaranteed.
Preferably, a first hole and a first storage tray are formed in the first storage tray, a first rotating shaft is arranged in the first storage tray, a first motor is arranged on the first storage tray, the first motor is connected with the first rotating shaft in a matching mode, the first storage tray is installed on the first storage tray through the first rotating shaft and is arranged in the first hole of the first storage tray, two side edges of the first storage tray are provided with conveyors, the conveyors and the first motor are both electrically connected with the PLC, and a through hole is formed in the first storage tray. Put and be equipped with axis of rotation one in the thing dish, put thing dish one and install in the hole one of supporter one through axis of rotation one, guarantee when the pivot rotates, put thing dish one and also can guarantee parallel non-reversal, put thing dish one both sides and be equipped with the conveyer, when freezing the completion, do not need artificial taking out, the accessible conveyer directly transports next stage to the durian, not only prevents that the durian from exposing in the air, increases work efficiency simultaneously, realizes automated production. The first storage plate is provided with a first through hole to ensure that the durian is uniformly frozen.
Preferably, a second rotating shaft and a second rotating machine are arranged in the drying bin, the second rotating shaft is connected with the second rotating machine in a matched mode, the second rotating shaft is installed between the two sealing layers, the second rotating machine is installed on the sealing layers, the second rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of second storage racks, a temperature sensor and a pressure gauge, the temperature sensor and the pressure gauge are installed on the second rotating shaft, the second storage racks are fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft, and the second rotating machine, the temperature sensor and the pressure gauge are all electrically connected with the PLC. Be equipped with a plurality of supporter in the second pivot, the supporter follows the second rotation of pivot, makes the durian drying effect on every supporter the same, and temperature and pressure in the dry storehouse are conveniently known to temperature sensor and pressure gauge, transmit for PLC, and temperature and pressure in the convenient control storehouse constantly guarantee dry efficiency and effect.
Preferably, a hole II and a placing plate II are formed in the article placing plate II, a rotating shaft II is arranged in the article placing plate II, a motor II is arranged on the article placing plate II, the placing plate II is installed on the article placing plate II through the rotating shaft II and is arranged in the hole II of the article placing plate II, the motor II is connected with the rotating shaft II in a matching mode, conveyors are arranged on two side edges of the article placing plate II, an electric heating layer is arranged on the surface of the article placing plate II, and the electric heating layer, the motor II and the conveyors are all electrically connected with the PLC. Put and be equipped with axis of rotation two in the thing dish two, guarantee when the pivot rotates, put thing dish two and also can guarantee that parallel non-reversal, put two both ends of thing dish and be equipped with the conveyer, when dry when accomplishing, do not need artificial taking out, the accessible conveyer directly transports the durian next stage, guarantees automated production, puts two surfaces of thing dish and is equipped with the electric heating layer, guarantees that the durian is heated more evenly and increases dry efficiency, save time simultaneously.
Preferably, the electric door is arranged on the sealing layer and comprises a first door and a second door, the first door and the second door are identical in structure, the first door is provided with a shaft, the shaft is located at the lower end of the first door, a third hole is formed in the sealing layer, the first door is arranged on the sealing layer through the shaft and is arranged in the third hole of the sealing layer, the first door is provided with a conveyor belt, a motor and a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the first door, the motor is arranged on the first door, the conveyor belt is sleeved with the transmission shaft, the motor is connected with the transmission shaft in a matched. The position of electrically operated gate with put thing dish two and put thing dish one and correspond, when freezing work is accomplished, the electric shaft rotates and opens door one and door two, is equipped with the conveyer belt on door one and the door two, puts the conveyer of thing dish one and opens, and the durian passes through the conveyer belt, transports for thing dish two, closes the electrically operated gate after the operation is accomplished, guarantees that freeze drying's whole process does not need artificial participation, and degree of automation is high, has reduced artificial joining.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the freeze drying effect is good; the working efficiency is high; automatic production, practice thrift the human cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the freezing apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotary shaft and the shelf;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first rack;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the drying apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the rotary shaft and the second rack;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a sealing layer;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the power door.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a refrigerating device, a drying device, a control system, a refrigerator, a refrigerating chamber, a freezing pipe, a condenser, a vacuum pump, a drying chamber, a booster pump, an electric heater, a sealing layer, an electric door, a hole II, a PLC, a display, a distribution box, an electric butterfly valve, a rotating shaft I, a rotating shaft II, a rotating shaft III, a sterilizing lamp, a rotating shaft III, a rotating, 43. and rotating the second shaft, 44. rotating the second shaft, 45. the second motor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, an automatic freeze drying device for durian is characterized by comprising a freezing device 1, a drying device 2 and a control system 3, wherein the freezing device 1 is provided with a refrigerator 4 and a freezing chamber 5, the inner wall of the freezing chamber 5 is provided with a plurality of freezing pipes 6, the refrigerator 4 is connected with the freezing chamber 5 through the freezing pipes 6, the drying device 2 is provided with a condenser 7, a vacuum pump 8 and a drying chamber 9, one end of the condenser 7 is connected with the vacuum pump 8 through a pipeline, the other end of the condenser 7 is connected with the drying chamber 9 through a pipeline, the drying device 2 is provided with a booster pump 10, the booster pump 10 is connected with the drying chamber 9 through a pipeline, the inner wall of the drying chamber 9 is provided with an electric heater 11, two ends of the freezing chamber 5 and the drying chamber 9 are respectively provided with a sealing layer 12, the freezing chamber 5 and the drying chamber 9 are, The booster pump 10, the electric heater 11, the electric door 13 and the vacuum pump 8 are all electrically connected with the control system 3. An electric butterfly valve 18 is arranged between the condenser 7 and the drying bin 9, one end of the electric butterfly valve 18 is connected with the condenser 7, the other end of the electric butterfly valve 18 is connected with the drying bin 9, an electric butterfly valve 18 is arranged between the booster pump 10 and the drying bin 9, one end of the electric butterfly valve 18 is connected with the booster pump 10, the other end of the electric butterfly valve 18 is connected with the drying bin 9, and the electric butterfly valve 18 is electrically connected with the control system 3. The control system 3 comprises a PLC15, a display 16 and a distribution box 17, one end of the display 16 is electrically connected with the distribution box 17, the other end of the display 16 is electrically connected with a PLC15, and the refrigerator 4, the electric heater 11, the booster pump 10, the electric door 13, the electric butterfly valve 18 and the vacuum pump 8 are electrically connected with the PLC 15.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, a first rotating shaft 19 and a first rotating machine 22 are arranged in the freezing bin 5, the first rotating shaft 19 is connected with the first rotating machine 22 in a matched manner, the first rotating shaft 19 is installed between the two sealing layers 12, the first rotating machine 22 is installed on the sealing layers 12, the first rotating shaft 19 is provided with a plurality of first article placing frames 20 and a plurality of temperature detectors 21, the temperature detectors 21 and the first article placing frames 20 are fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 19, the sterilizing lamp 23 is arranged on the inner wall of the freezing bin 5, and the first rotating machine 22, the sterilizing lamp 23 and the temperature detectors 21 are electrically connected with the PLC 15. The first storage rack 20 is provided with a first hole 25 and a first storage tray 24, a first rotating shaft 26 is arranged in the first storage tray 24, the first storage rack 20 is provided with a first motor 28, the first motor 28 is connected with the first rotating shaft 26 in a matching mode, the first storage tray 24 is installed on the first storage rack 20 through the first rotating shaft 26 and is arranged in the first hole 25 of the first storage rack 20, the two side edges of the first storage tray 24 are provided with conveyors 27, the conveyors 27 and the first motor 28 are electrically connected with the PLC15, and the first storage tray 24 is provided with a through hole 29.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a second rotating shaft 42 and a second rotating machine 44 are arranged in the drying bin 9, the second rotating shaft 42 is connected with the second rotating machine 44 in a matching manner, the second rotating shaft 42 is installed between the two sealing layers 12, the second rotating machine 44 is installed on the sealing layers 12, the second rotating shaft 42 is provided with a plurality of second article placing racks 30, a temperature sensor 31 and a pressure gauge 32, the temperature sensor 31 and the pressure gauge 32 are both installed on the second rotating shaft 42, the second article placing racks 30 are fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft 42, and the second rotating machine 44, the temperature sensor 31 and the pressure gauge 32 are all electrically connected with the PLC 15. The second shelf 30 is provided with a second hole 14 and a second storage plate 34, the second storage plate 34 is internally provided with a second rotating shaft 43, the second shelf 30 is provided with a second motor 45, the second storage plate 34 is installed on the second shelf 30 through the second rotating shaft 43 and is arranged in the second hole 14 of the second storage plate 30, the second motor 45 is connected with the second rotating shaft 43 in a matching manner, the two sides of the second storage plate 34 are provided with a conveyor 27, the surface of the second storage plate 34 is provided with an electric heating layer 33, and the electric heating layer 33, the second motor 45 and the conveyor 27 are electrically connected with the PLC 15.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the electric door 13 is arranged on the sealing layer 12, the electric door 13 includes a first door 38 and a second door 39, the first door 38 and the second door 39 have the same structure, the first door 38 is provided with a shaft 40, the shaft 40 is located at the lower end of the first door 38, the sealing layer 12 is provided with a third hole 36, the first door 38 is mounted on the sealing layer 12 through the shaft 40 and is placed in the third hole 36 of the sealing layer 12, the first door 38 is provided with a conveyor belt 41, a motor 35 and a transmission shaft 37, the transmission shaft 37 is mounted at the upper end and the lower end of the first door 38, the motor 35 is mounted on the first door 38, the conveyor belt 41 is sleeved with the transmission shaft 37, the motor 35 is connected with the transmission shaft 37 in a.
An automatic durian freeze-drying device comprises a freezing device 1, a drying device 2 and a control system 3. Control system 3 includes PLC15, display 16, block terminal 17, and the durian is placed in the container, and PLC15 control sets up the operation, and electrically operated gate 13 opens the operation, and the container is placed and is carried conveyer belt 41 on door 38 and drive the container and get into refrigerator 5, and a pivot 19 drives storage rack 20 and rotates, makes every container place in placing thing dish 24, places the completion, and refrigerator 4 begins work. Because the freezing pipes 6 are distributed on the inner wall of the freezing chamber 5, the first rotating shaft 19 continuously rotates, the first storage tray 24 is provided with the first through holes 29, so that the uniform freezing is ensured, and the freezing pipes 6 are distributed in the freezing chamber 5 so as to ensure the freezing effect. When the temperature detector 21 detects that the durian freezing is finished, the PLC15 controls the refrigerator 5 to stop working. The freezing condition in the durian is detected through the temperature detector 21, the degree of freezing is judged more intelligently, and the freezing effect is ensured. The electric door 13 between the freezing device 1 and the drying device 2 is opened, and the container is conveyed into the drying device 2 for drying through the conveyor of the object placing plate I24. The PLC controls the electric heater 11 and the electric heating layer 33 to start heating, and the durian is sublimated and dried. The vacuum pump 8 guarantees that dry environment is in vacuum state, and the condenser 7 guarantees that vapor does not influence dry storehouse 9, guarantees simultaneously that vapor does not get into vacuum pump 8, influences vacuum pump 8 work. After the first section of sublimation drying is finished, analysis drying is carried out, the pressure of the drying bin 9 is increased through the booster pump 10, so that the analysis drying efficiency is high and the drying effect is ensured within a certain range. After the drying is completed, the food is transported out into the next stage. Automatic production is realized to whole process, need not artificial intervention, and through PLC15 controlgear's operation, it is most reasonable to guarantee freezing and dry time, improves freeze-drying's effect.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an automatic freeze drying device of durian, characterized by, includes refrigerating plant (1), drying device (2) and control system (3), refrigerating plant (1) be equipped with refrigerator (4) and freezing storehouse (5), the inner wall in freezing storehouse (5) is equipped with a plurality of cryovial (6), refrigerator (4) be connected through cryovial (6) with freezing storehouse (5), drying device (2) be equipped with condenser (7), vacuum pump (8) and drying storehouse (9), the one end and the vacuum pump (8) pipe connection of condenser (7), the other end and the drying storehouse (9) pipe connection of condenser (7), drying device (2) be equipped with booster pump (10), booster pump (10) and drying storehouse (9) pipe connection, drying storehouse (9) inner wall be equipped with electric heater (11), the both ends of freezing storehouse (5) and dry storehouse (9) all be equipped with sealing layer (12), freezing storehouse (5) and dry storehouse (9) all with sealing layer (12) fixed connection, sealing layer (12) on be equipped with electrically operated gate (13), refrigerator (4), booster pump (10), electric heater (11), electrically operated gate (13) and vacuum pump (8) all be connected with control system (3) electricity.
2. The automatic freeze-drying device of durian of claim 1, characterized by, condenser (7) and dry storehouse (9) between be equipped with electric butterfly valve (18), the one end and the condenser (7) of electric butterfly valve (18) are connected, the other end and the dry storehouse (9) of electric butterfly valve (18) are connected, booster pump (10) and dry storehouse (9) between be equipped with electric butterfly valve (18), the one end and the booster pump (10) of electric butterfly valve (18) are connected, the other end and the dry storehouse (9) of electric butterfly valve (18) are connected, electric butterfly valve (18) and control system (3) electricity be connected.
3. The automatic freeze-drying device of durian of claim 2, characterized in that control system (3) includes PLC (15), display (16), block terminal (17), the one end of display (16) is connected with block terminal (17) electricity, the other end of display (16) is connected with PLC (15) electricity, refrigerator (4), electric heater (11), booster pump (10), electrically operated gate (13), electric butterfly valve (18) and vacuum pump (8) all be connected with PLC (15) electricity.
4. The automatic freeze drying device of durian of claim 3, characterized by, be equipped with pivot (19) and rotating machine (22) in freezing storehouse (5), pivot (19) be connected with rotating machine (22) cooperation, pivot (19) install between two sealing layers (12), rotating machine (22) install on sealing layer (12), pivot (19) on be equipped with a plurality of supporter (20) and a plurality of temperature detector (21), temperature detector (21) and supporter (20) all with pivot (19) fixed connection, the inner wall of freezing storehouse (5) is equipped with bactericidal lamp (23), rotating machine (22), bactericidal lamp (23) and temperature detector (21) all be connected with PLC (15) electricity.
5. The automatic freeze-drying device of durian according to claim 4, characterized by, supporter (20) on be equipped with hole (25) and put thing dish (24), put thing dish (24) in be equipped with axis of rotation (26), supporter (20) on be equipped with motor (28), motor (28) and axis of rotation (26) cooperation be connected, put thing dish (24) install on supporter (20) and place in hole (25) of supporter (20) through axis of rotation (26), put thing dish (24) both sides limit be equipped with conveyer (27), conveyer (27) and motor (28) all be connected with PLC (15) electricity, put thing dish (24) on be equipped with through-hole (29).
6. The automatic freeze-drying apparatus for durian according to claim 3, a second rotating shaft (42) and a second rotating machine (44) are arranged in the drying bin (9), the second rotating shaft (42) is matched and connected with the second rotating machine (44), the second rotating shaft (42) is arranged between the two sealing layers (12), the second rotating machine (44) is arranged on the sealing layer (12), the second rotating shaft (42) is provided with a plurality of second storage racks (30), a temperature sensor (31) and a pressure gauge (32), the temperature sensor (31) and the pressure gauge (32) are both arranged on the second rotating shaft (42), the second shelf (30) is fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft (42), and the second rotating machine (44), the temperature sensor (31) and the pressure gauge (32) are electrically connected with the PLC (15).
7. The automatic freeze-drying device of durian of claim 6, characterized by, second supporter (30) on be equipped with hole two (14) and put thing dish two (34), put and be equipped with axis of rotation two (43) in the thing dish two (34), second supporter (30) on be equipped with motor two (45), put thing dish two (34) install on second supporter (30) and arrange in hole two (14) of supporter two (30) through axis of rotation two (43), motor two (45) and axis of rotation two (43) cooperation be connected, the both sides limit of putting thing dish two (34) be equipped with conveyer (27), put thing dish two (34) surface be equipped with electric heating layer (33), motor two (45) and conveyer (27) all be connected with PLC (15) electricity.
8. The automatic durian freeze-drying device according to claim 3, wherein the sealing layer (12) is provided with an electric door (13), the electric door (13) comprises a first door (38) and a second door (39), the first door (38) and the second door (39) have the same structure, the first door (38) is provided with a shaft (40), the shaft (40) is positioned at the lower end of the first door (38), the sealing layer (12) is provided with a third hole (36), the first door (38) is arranged on the sealing layer (12) through the shaft (40) and is arranged in the third hole (36) of the sealing layer (12), the first door (38) is provided with a conveyor belt (41), a motor (35) and a transmission shaft (37), the transmission shaft (37) is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the first door (38), and the motor (35) is arranged on the first door (38), the conveying belt (41) is sleeved with the transmission shaft (37), the motor (35) is connected with the transmission shaft (37) in a matched mode, the shaft (40) is connected with the transmission shaft (37), and the motor (35) is electrically connected with the PLC (15).
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