CN111261962A - Operation and maintenance method of power type lithium iron phosphate battery - Google Patents

Operation and maintenance method of power type lithium iron phosphate battery Download PDF

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CN111261962A
CN111261962A CN201811466127.7A CN201811466127A CN111261962A CN 111261962 A CN111261962 A CN 111261962A CN 201811466127 A CN201811466127 A CN 201811466127A CN 111261962 A CN111261962 A CN 111261962A
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battery
charging
power
constant
preset
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魏彦存
王俊明
刘东海
孟垂舟
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ENN Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an operation and maintenance method of a power type lithium iron phosphate battery, which comprises the following steps: charging, namely charging the battery at constant power, then charging at constant current, and then charging at constant voltage; and a discharging step, discharging the battery at constant power. According to the invention, the temperature of the battery pack and the internal voltage and current are adjusted through different charging and discharging modes, namely, in the charging and discharging processes of the battery, the charging is carried out in a constant power mode, then the constant current is carried out, finally the constant voltage is carried out, and then the constant power is carried out for discharging, so that the power type lithium iron phosphate battery pack is charged and discharged in an optimal mode, the generation of the internal polarization phenomenon of the battery pack is eliminated, the high-temperature problem of the battery pack in the charging and discharging process is balanced, the high-rate rapid charging and discharging of the battery is realized, and the higher capacity retention rate and the long-life cycle of the existing battery system in the practical application scene are ensured.

Description

Operation and maintenance method of power type lithium iron phosphate battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery management, in particular to an operation and maintenance method of a power type lithium iron phosphate battery.
Background
Because of the problems of shortage of petroleum resources, continuous deterioration of the environment and the like, the electric automobile gradually replaces the traditional automobile. However, the development of electric vehicles still faces various technical bottlenecks, such as short battery life, long charging time, and poor safety. At present, the lithium ion battery is widely considered as the first choice of the power battery for the vehicle, and the lithium iron phosphate battery is outstanding in the lithium ion battery, has the advantages of rich raw material resources, low price, no toxicity, environmental friendliness, long cycle life, large capacity, good thermal stability, good safety and the like, and is one of the most promising power batteries for the vehicle. However, with the development of the electric vehicle technology, the quality of the battery management system directly affects the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle, and the daily operation and maintenance of the battery management system is one of the important ways to ensure and improve the performance of the battery management system.
The general battery pack test is carried out through a single process, high-capacity and long-service-life circulation can be realized under a normal-temperature environment, but the high-rate charge and discharge of the battery cannot be guaranteed, and the overall performance of the battery is influenced. Therefore, the research on a method for charging and discharging at normal temperature, maintaining high capacity and long service life and carrying out high-rate charging and discharging so as to improve the overall performance of the battery is an important guarantee for the development and application of the future energy storage technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides an operation and maintenance method of a power type lithium iron phosphate battery, and aims to solve the problem that the current battery pack test cannot ensure the high-rate charge and discharge of the battery.
The invention provides an operation and maintenance method of a power type lithium iron phosphate battery, which comprises the following steps: charging, namely charging the battery at constant power, then charging at constant current, and then charging at constant voltage; and a discharging step, discharging the battery at constant power.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power-type lithium iron phosphate battery, in the charging step, the constant-power charging of the battery includes: charging the battery at constant power with first preset power until the SOC value of the battery reaches a first preset value; charging the battery with constant power of second preset power until the SOC value of the battery reaches a second preset value, wherein the second preset power is smaller than the first preset power; and performing voltage equalization operation on the battery.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power type lithium iron phosphate battery, the first preset value is 70% -85%.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power type lithium iron phosphate battery, the second preset value is greater than 95%.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power-type lithium iron phosphate battery, in the charging step, the constant-current charging of the battery includes: performing constant current charging of a first preset current on the battery; and stopping constant-current charging until the SOC value of the battery reaches a third preset value.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power type lithium iron phosphate battery, the first preset current is 0.2-0.5C.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power type lithium iron phosphate battery, the third preset value is 98% -99%.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power-type lithium iron phosphate battery, in the charging step, the constant-voltage charging of the battery includes: performing constant voltage charging of a first preset voltage on the battery; and stopping constant-voltage charging until the SOC value of the battery reaches the maximum value.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power-type lithium iron phosphate battery, the first preset voltage is an overall voltage value when the single body of the battery reaches the highest voltage during constant current charging.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power-type lithium iron phosphate battery, in the discharging step, the discharging the battery at a constant power includes:
performing constant power discharge of third preset power on the battery, and discharging until the SOC value of the battery reaches a fourth preset value; and performing constant power discharge of fourth preset power on the battery until the electric quantity of the battery is completely discharged, wherein the fourth preset power is smaller than the third preset power.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power type lithium iron phosphate battery, the fourth preset value is 15% -20%.
Further, in the operation and maintenance method of the power type lithium iron phosphate battery, after the discharging step, the method further includes: and a circulation step of circularly performing the charging step and the discharging step on the battery.
According to the invention, the temperature of the battery pack and the internal voltage and current are adjusted through different charging and discharging modes, namely, in the charging and discharging processes of the battery, the charging is carried out in a constant power mode, then the constant current is carried out, finally the constant voltage is carried out, and then the constant power is carried out for discharging, so that the power type lithium iron phosphate battery pack is charged and discharged in an optimal mode, the generation of the internal polarization phenomenon of the battery pack is eliminated, the high-temperature problem of the battery pack in the charging and discharging process is balanced, the high-rate rapid charging and discharging of the battery is realized, and the higher capacity retention rate and the long-life cycle of the existing battery system in the practical application scene are ensured.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of an operation and maintenance method for a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a charging step in an operation and maintenance method of a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a discharging step in the operation and maintenance method of a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is another flowchart of an operation and maintenance method for a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of an operation and maintenance method of a power lithium iron phosphate battery provided in this embodiment. As shown, the method comprises the following steps:
and a charging step S110, in which the battery is charged at constant power, then at constant current and then at constant voltage.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, in step S111, the battery is charged at a constant power in a first preset power mode at normal temperature until the SOC value of the battery reaches a first preset value, for example, 70% to 85%, at this time, the battery can be charged at a high rate, and the maximum temperature of the battery cell is kept between 45 ° and 50 °, so that the performance of the battery pack can be ensured, the adverse effect on the battery pack caused by high temperature can be reduced, the long life cycle of the battery pack can be maintained, and the safety can be greatly improved.
Step S112, the battery is charged with constant power in the form of second preset power until the SOC value of the battery reaches a second preset value, for example, the SOC value of the battery reaches more than 95%, or until the maximum voltage of the battery cell reaches a second preset voltage, for example, 3.65V to 3.8V, at which time, the temperature of the battery also continuously decreases, further reducing the damage of the high temperature to the battery performance. And when the SOC value of the battery reaches the first preset value, the battery is charged at low power.
Step S113, after the low-power constant-power charging is finished, because the internal polarization phenomenon of the battery pack is serious and the voltage of the single battery is not uniformly distributed, in order to enable the single voltage of the battery pack to gradually tend to be consistent, voltage equalization operation is carried out on the battery for 5-15 minutes so as to ensure the consistency of the internal chemical reaction process of the battery pack, and therefore the damage of the polarization phenomenon generated by the non-uniform internal reaction of the single battery to the battery is eliminated, and the long-life cycle of the battery is facilitated.
Step S114, then, constant current charging of a first preset current is carried out on the battery, namely, constant current charging is carried out by using a small current charging current, the current regulation range is 0.2C-0.5C, and the polarization phenomenon generated by ion transmission in the battery can be effectively reduced by using a small current charging mode in the process.
Step S115, in the constant current charging state, after the SOC value of the battery reaches a third preset value, for example, 98% to 99%, or after the maximum voltage of the battery cell reaches a third preset voltage, for example, 3.6V to 3.65V, the constant current charging process of the battery is stopped.
Step S116, then, the battery is subjected to constant voltage charging with a first preset voltage, where the first preset voltage is an overall voltage value when the cell of the battery reaches the highest voltage during the constant current charging. The battery is charged in a constant voltage charging mode, so that the voltage of the whole battery is ensured to be unchanged, and the occurrence of polarization phenomenon caused by charging in the battery is further reduced.
And step S117, gradually reducing the current of the battery internal reaction along with the gradual progress of the battery reaction, and stopping the charging process of the battery when the maximum voltage of the single battery in the battery pack reaches 3.7V or the discharge current density of the battery is between 2A and 5A, wherein the SOC value of the battery reaches the maximum value, namely 100 percent of the high-capacity charging of the battery pack is realized.
After the battery is charged, the battery is left to stand for a period of time between 2 and 2.5 hours to allow the battery pack to reach stable voltage and temperature conditions.
And a discharging step S120, discharging the battery at constant power.
Specifically, after the charging process of the battery is completed, the battery is discharged in a two-step constant power mode.
Referring to fig. 3, in step S121, the battery is discharged at a third preset power, that is, the battery is discharged at a high power at a constant power until the SOC of the battery reaches a fourth preset value, for example, the SOC reaches 15% to 20%, at this time, the battery can be discharged quickly, the discharge time is controlled between 15 minutes and 20 minutes, and the maximum temperature of the battery cell is kept between 45 ° and 50 °.
And S122, then, performing constant power discharge of fourth preset power on the battery, and discharging until the SOC value of the battery is 0%, namely, completely discharging the electric quantity of the battery, namely, discharging until the lowest voltage value of the single battery is 2.5V, and regulating and controlling the discharge time length to be 5-10 minutes. And when the SOC value of the battery reaches the fourth preset value, the battery is subjected to low-power constant-power discharge until the SOC value reaches 0%.
After the battery discharge is finished, the battery is kept still for 2-2.5 hours, so that the battery pack is restored to an electrochemical and thermal equilibrium state before the next test.
In the embodiment, the temperature of the battery pack and the internal voltage and current are adjusted through different charging and discharging modes, namely, in the charging and discharging processes of the battery, the charging is performed in a constant power first, then the constant current is performed, finally the charging is performed in a constant voltage mode, and then the discharging is performed at the constant power, so that the power type lithium iron phosphate battery pack is charged and discharged in an optimal mode, the generation of the internal polarization phenomenon of the battery pack is eliminated, the high-temperature problem of the battery pack in the charging and discharging processes is balanced, the high-rate quick charging and discharging of the battery is realized, and the high capacity retention rate and the long service life cycle of the existing battery system in the practical application scene are ensured.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is another flowchart of the operation and maintenance method of the power lithium iron phosphate battery provided in this embodiment. As shown, the method comprises the following steps:
and a charging step S110, in which the battery is charged at constant power, then at constant current and then at constant voltage.
And a discharging step S120, discharging the battery at constant power.
A circulation step S130 of circularly performing the charging step and the discharging step on the battery
Specifically, the charging step S110 and the discharging step S120 of the battery are a cycle, and the charging step S110 and the discharging step S120 are repeated for the battery for a plurality of cycles.
In this embodiment, the long-life cycle of the battery capacity can be ensured to the greatest extent by cycling the charging process and the discharging process of the battery.
Example 1:
charging: under the condition of normal temperature, charging the lithium iron phosphate battery pack under high power until the SOC value is 80%; then, charging with low power until the maximum voltage value of the monomer reaches 3.65V, balancing the voltage, and standing for 5 minutes; then charging the battery monomer to the maximum voltage of 3.65V at a constant current under the multiplying power of 0.4C, then performing constant voltage charging, wherein the charging voltage is the integral voltage value when the constant current charging monomer reaches the maximum voltage of 3.65V in the previous step, continuously charging the battery monomer until the current value is less than or equal to 5A, and standing the battery monomer for 3 hours;
discharging: under the condition of normal temperature, discharging the lithium iron phosphate battery pack under high power until the SOC value is 15%; then the battery pack is discharged to the lowest voltage value of 2.5V of the monomer under the magnification of 1C in the form of constant power, and finally the battery pack is left for 3 hours.
Example 2:
charging: under the condition of normal temperature, charging the lithium iron phosphate battery pack under high power until the SOC value is 85%; then, charging with low power until the maximum voltage value of the monomer reaches 3.65V, balancing the voltage, and standing for 7 minutes; then charging the battery monomer to the maximum voltage of 3.65V at a constant current under the multiplying power of 0.5C, then performing constant voltage charging, wherein the charging voltage is the integral voltage value when the constant current charging monomer reaches the maximum voltage of 3.65V in the previous step, continuously charging the battery monomer until the current value is less than or equal to 3A, and standing for 2.5 hours;
discharging: under the condition of normal temperature, the lithium iron phosphate battery pack discharges under high power until the SOC value is 17%; then the battery pack is discharged to the lowest voltage value of 2.5V of the monomer under the magnification of 1C in the form of constant power, and finally the battery pack is left for 2.5 hours.
Example 3:
charging: under the condition of normal temperature, charging the lithium iron phosphate battery pack under high power until the SOC value is 75%; then, carrying out low-power charging until the highest voltage value of the monomer reaches 3.65V, balancing voltage operation and standing for 10 minutes, charging to the highest voltage of the battery monomer by constant current charging at a rate of 0.5C until the highest voltage of the battery monomer reaches 3.65V, then carrying out constant voltage charging, wherein the charging voltage is the integral voltage value when the constant current charging monomer reaches the highest voltage of 3.65V in the previous step, continuously charging until the current value is less than or equal to 2A, and standing for 2 hours;
discharging: under the condition of normal temperature, discharging the lithium iron phosphate battery pack under high power until the SOC value is 15%; then the battery pack is discharged to the lowest voltage value of 2.5V of the monomer under the magnification of 1C in the form of constant power, and finally the battery pack is left for 2 hours.
Comparative example: the traditional charge-discharge mode:
charging: under the condition of normal temperature, charging the lithium iron phosphate battery pack with high power until the maximum voltage of a monomer is 3.6V, then charging with low power until the maximum voltage of the monomer is 3.7V, and standing for 3 hours;
discharging: and discharging the lithium iron phosphate battery pack at high power under the normal temperature condition until the lowest voltage value of the battery monomer is 2.5V, and standing for 3 hours.
The charge and discharge test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001889841820000081
In summary, in the embodiment, the temperature of the battery pack and the internal voltage and current are adjusted through different charging and discharging modes, that is, in the two processes of charging and discharging of the battery, the charging is performed in a constant power mode, then the constant current mode, and finally the constant voltage mode is performed, and then the constant power mode is performed for discharging, so that the power type lithium iron phosphate battery pack is charged and discharged in an optimal mode, the generation of the internal polarization phenomenon of the battery pack is eliminated, the high-temperature problem caused in the charging and discharging process of the battery pack is balanced, the high-rate rapid charging and discharging of the battery is realized, and the high capacity retention rate and the long life cycle of the existing battery system in the practical application scene are ensured.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (12)

1. An operation and maintenance method of a power type lithium iron phosphate battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
charging, namely charging the battery at constant power, then charging at constant current, and then charging at constant voltage;
and a discharging step, wherein the battery is discharged at constant power.
2. The operation and maintenance method of the power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, wherein the step of charging the battery at a constant power comprises:
the battery is charged at constant power with first preset power until the SOC value of the battery reaches a first preset value;
charging the battery at constant power with second preset power until the SOC value of the battery reaches a second preset value, wherein the second preset power is smaller than the first preset power;
and performing voltage equalization operation on the battery.
3. The method for operating and maintaining a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 2,
the first preset value is 70% -85%.
4. The method for operating and maintaining a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 2,
the second preset value is greater than 95%.
5. The operation and maintenance method of the power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, wherein in the charging step, the constant-current charging of the battery comprises:
carrying out constant current charging of a first preset current on the battery;
and stopping constant-current charging until the SOC value of the battery reaches a third preset value.
6. The method for operation and maintenance of a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 5,
the first preset current is 0.2-0.5C.
7. The method for operation and maintenance of a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 5,
the third preset value is 98-99%.
8. The operation and maintenance method of the power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, wherein the step of charging the battery at a constant voltage comprises:
performing constant voltage charging of a first preset voltage on the battery;
and stopping constant-voltage charging until the SOC value of the battery reaches the maximum value.
9. The method for operation and maintenance of a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 8,
the first preset voltage is an integral voltage value when the single body of the battery reaches the highest voltage during constant current charging.
10. The operation and maintenance method of the power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, wherein the step of discharging, discharging the battery at constant power, comprises:
performing constant-power discharge of third preset power on the battery until the SOC value of the battery reaches a fourth preset value;
and carrying out constant power discharge of fourth preset power on the battery until the SOC value of the battery reaches 0%, wherein the fourth preset power is smaller than the third preset power.
11. The method for operation and maintenance of a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 10,
the fourth preset value is 15% -20%.
12. The method for operating and maintaining a power lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, further comprising, after the discharging step:
and a circulation step of circulating the battery through the charging step and the discharging step.
CN201811466127.7A 2018-12-03 2018-12-03 Operation and maintenance method of power type lithium iron phosphate battery Pending CN111261962A (en)

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CN113036244A (en) * 2021-03-04 2021-06-25 江西安驰新能源科技有限公司 Low-temperature charging method of lithium iron phosphate battery
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Application publication date: 20200609