CN111257687B - Single-phase earth fault line selection method based on improved MEEMD - Google Patents

Single-phase earth fault line selection method based on improved MEEMD Download PDF

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CN111257687B
CN111257687B CN202010059930.XA CN202010059930A CN111257687B CN 111257687 B CN111257687 B CN 111257687B CN 202010059930 A CN202010059930 A CN 202010059930A CN 111257687 B CN111257687 B CN 111257687B
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耿蒲龙
刘炳南
田慕琴
郑丽君
宋建成
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
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Abstract

The invention relates to a single-phase earth fault line selection method based on an improved MEEMD (mean-time active fault), which comprises the steps of selecting zero-sequence currents of two power frequency periods after a fault, and decomposing and reconstructing the zero-sequence currents through the improved MEEMD; performing Hilbert transformation on the reconstructed signal, extracting an instantaneous phase and an instantaneous amplitude, calculating an instantaneous phase angle and line energy by using the instantaneous phase and the instantaneous amplitude, and then judging the absolute value of a phase angle difference and the instantaneous energy ratio; and when the two criterions simultaneously meet the fault condition of a certain line, the line is a fault line. The method has higher adaptability, does not need to set a basis function, and has better adaptability to zero-sequence currents under different fault conditions; the method is provided with a filtering and denoising algorithm, and is more suitable for fault line selection of the actual single-phase earth fault; compared with the MEEMD algorithm, the line selection method has the advantages of being better in denoising effect, better in frequency dividing effect and shorter in operation time.

Description

Single-phase earth fault line selection method based on improved MEEMD
Technical Field
The invention relates to a single-phase earth fault line selection method based on improved MEEMD, in particular to a line selection method for a single-phase earth fault of a neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system, and belongs to the technical field of power system fault line selection.
Background
With the development of modern science and technology, automatic coal mining equipment is adopted continuously, mine loads are further increased, power supply lines are continuously increased, the mine working environment is severe, noise influence is more obvious, the probability of single-phase earth faults is continuously increased, and a fifth harmonic protection method, a zero-sequence current active component protection method, a first half-wave method, a signal injection method and the like which are proposed at present are not applicable any more, so that the method has important significance for quickly and correctly selecting fault lines for actual fault signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a single-phase ground fault line selection method based on an improved MEEMD, aiming at the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention provides a single-phase earth fault line selection method based on improved MEEMD, and aims to solve the problems of low accuracy and poor reliability of single-phase earth fault line selection of a resonance earth system. The method can quickly and correctly select the line under the influence of factors such as different grounding resistances, fault initial phase angles, arc suppression coil compensation degrees, fault positions and the like, and is completely suitable for a power supply and distribution system with a neutral point grounded through the arc suppression coil.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a single-phase earth fault line selection method based on improved MEEMD comprises the following steps:
when the instantaneous value of the bus zero-sequence voltage is greater than the setting value, recording zero-sequence currents of two power frequency periods after each line fault occurs at a sampling frequency of 10 kHz;
CEEMD algorithm is utilized to carry out CEEMD decomposition on the zero sequence current signals of two power frequency periods after the fault of each line occurs, and a series of imf from high frequency to low frequency is obtainednA component;
imf removal by PE entropy algorithmnNoise components in the components are obtained to obtain N de-noised imfnA component;
to imf after denoising2To imfNAccumulating and reconstructing N-1 components to obtain a reconstructed signal;
hilbert transformation is carried out on the reconstructed signal to obtain an instantaneous phase and an instantaneous amplitude of the reconstructed signal, an instantaneous phase angle is calculated through the instantaneous phase, and energy is calculated through the instantaneous amplitude;
the instantaneous phase angle theta (t) of each line at the fault occurrence moment is subjected to difference calculation to calculate an absolute value, the energy ratio of the energy P of each line in the total line energy is calculated, if the absolute value of the instantaneous phase angle difference between one line and the other lines is more than or equal to 60 degrees and the energy ratio of the line is more than or equal to 0.5, the line is judged to be a fault line, and the line number is output; if the absolute value of the instantaneous phase angle difference between each line and the rest lines is less than 60 degrees and the energy occupation ratio of each line is less than 0.5, judging that the bus is in fault and outputting a bus number;
judging whether the instantaneous phase angle line selection result is the same as the line energy ratio line selection result or not, finishing line selection and outputting a fault line number or a bus number if the line selection results are the same; if the line selection results are different, 10 more gaussian white noise is added in the CEEMD decomposition process for decomposition, the process is repeated for 3 times, if the instantaneous phase angle line selection result of a certain time is the same as the line energy ratio line selection result, line selection is completed and the fault line number or bus number is output, otherwise, the results of the two criteria line selection for 3 times are counted, probability statistics is conducted on the times of selecting each line or bus, fault judgment is conducted according to the principle of highest probability, the fault line number or bus number is output, and line selection is completed.
In the step of performing Hilbert transformation on the reconstruction signal to obtain an instantaneous phase and an instantaneous amplitude of the reconstruction signal, calculating an instantaneous phase angle through the instantaneous phase, and calculating energy through the instantaneous amplitude, a calculation formula of the instantaneous phase angle theta (t) and the energy P is represented as follows:
Figure BDA0002374133260000021
Figure BDA0002374133260000022
wherein x (t) represents a reconstructed signal,
Figure BDA0002374133260000023
to reconstruct the instantaneous phase of the signal, A (t) is the instantaneous amplitude of the reconstructed signal.
Wherein, in the process of instantaneous phase angle line selection, the judgment formula is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002374133260000024
wherein i, j, k, n represent different line numbers, i ≠ j ≠ k ≠ n; thetan,θi,θj,θkRepresenting the instantaneous phase angle at the moment of the different line faults.
In the process of line energy ratio line selection, the judgment formula is expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0002374133260000031
wherein, P1,P2,P3...PmRespectively representing the energy of different lines; pnRepresenting the energy of the test line.
The single-phase earth fault line selection method based on the improved MEEMD selects the zero-sequence current of two power frequency periods after the fault, and decomposes and reconstructs the zero-sequence current through the improved MEEMD; performing Hilbert transformation on the reconstructed signal, extracting an instantaneous phase and an instantaneous amplitude, calculating an instantaneous phase angle and line energy by using the instantaneous phase and the instantaneous amplitude, and then judging the absolute value of a phase angle difference and the instantaneous energy ratio; and when the two criterions simultaneously meet the fault condition of a certain line, the line is a fault line. The method has higher adaptability, does not need to set a basis function, and has better adaptability to zero-sequence currents under different fault conditions; the method is provided with a filtering and denoising algorithm, and is more suitable for fault line selection of the actual single-phase earth fault; compared with the MEEMD algorithm, the line selection method has the advantages of better noise removal effect, better frequency division effect and shorter operation time.
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The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a simulation model of a power supply system with a neutral point grounded through an arc suppression coil.
Fig. 2 is a zero sequence current waveform of the line 1 when a single phase earth fault occurs in the line 4 in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a zero sequence current waveform of line 2 when a single phase ground fault occurs in line 4 in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a zero sequence current waveform of the line 3 when a single-phase earth fault occurs in the line 4 in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a zero sequence current waveform of the line 4 when a single phase earth fault occurs in the line 4 in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a reconstructed zero-sequence current waveform of each line after the modified MEEMD decomposition when the line 4 has a single-phase ground fault in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows the instantaneous phase of the reconstructed signal of the line 1 after Hilbert transformation when a single-phase ground fault occurs in the line 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows the instantaneous phase of the reconstructed signal of line 2 after Hilbert transformation when a single-phase ground fault occurs in line 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 shows the instantaneous phase of the reconstructed signal of the line 3 after Hilbert transformation when a single-phase ground fault occurs in the line 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 shows the instantaneous phase of the reconstructed signal of the line 4 after Hilbert transformation when a single-phase ground fault occurs in the line 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 shows the instantaneous amplitude of the reconstructed signal of the line 1 after Hilbert transformation when a single-phase ground fault occurs in the line 4 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 shows the instantaneous amplitude of the reconstructed signal of the line 2 after Hilbert transformation when the line 4 has a single-phase ground fault according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 shows the instantaneous amplitude of the reconstructed signal of the line 3 after Hilbert transformation when the line 4 has a single-phase ground fault according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 shows the instantaneous amplitude of the reconstructed signal of the line 4 after Hilbert transformation when the line 4 has a single-phase ground fault according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a single-phase earth fault line selection method based on improved MEEMD, which is realized according to the following specific steps:
(1) when the bus zero sequence voltage instantaneous value u0(t)>During setting, a single-phase earth fault line selection algorithm is started and the zero sequence current i of two power frequency periods after each line fault occurs is recorded at the sampling frequency of 10kHz0(t)；
(2) Utilizing CEEMD algorithm to carry out zero sequence current signal i of two power frequency periods after each line fault occurs0(t) CEEMD decomposition to obtain imf series from high frequency to low frequencynDividing;
(3) imf removal by PE entropy algorithmnNoise component, N new imfnA component;
(4) pair imf2To imfNN-1 components are accumulated and reconstructed to obtain a reconstructed signal x (t), which can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002374133260000051
in the above formula, N is imf numbers obtained by CEEMD decomposition; n-2 represents the second imf component from the CEEMD decomposition;
(5) hilbert transformation is carried out on the reconstructed signal x (t) to obtain the instantaneous phase of the reconstructed signal x (t)
Figure BDA0002374133260000052
With instantaneous amplitude A (t), by instantaneous phase
Figure BDA0002374133260000053
Calculating the instantaneous phase angle theta (t), calculating the line energy P through the instantaneous amplitude A (t), which can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002374133260000054
Figure BDA0002374133260000055
in the above formula, T represents a power frequency period after a fault occurs; t is 0, which represents the time when the fault occurs;
(6) calculating the absolute value of the phase angle difference of each line fault occurrence moment, and if the phase angle difference between one line and other lines is more than or equal to 60 degrees, judging the line as a fault line; otherwise, the bus fault is determined, which can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002374133260000056
wherein i, j, k, n represent different line numbers, i ≠ j ≠ k ≠ n, and i, j, k, n ∈ {1,2,3,4 }; thetan,θi,θj,θkRepresenting the instantaneous phase angle at different line fault moments; in the embodiment of the present invention, 4 faulty wires are set.
Calculating the energy P of each line1,P2,P3,P4And judging the energy ratio of each line, if the energy ratio of one line is more than or equal to 0.5, judging the line as a fault line, otherwise, judging the line as a bus fault, and expressing the fault line as follows:
Figure BDA0002374133260000061
in the above formula P1,P2,P3,P4Respectively representing the energy of four different lines; pnRepresenting the energy of the test line, whereinn＝1,2,3,4；
(7) Judging whether the instantaneous phase angle line selection result is the same as the line energy ratio line selection result or not, finishing line selection and outputting a fault line number or a bus number if the line selection results are the same; if the line selection results are different, 10 more gaussian white noise is added in the CEEMD decomposition process for decomposition, the process is repeated for 3 times, if the instantaneous phase angle line selection result of a certain time is the same as the line energy ratio line selection result, line selection is completed and the number of a fault line or a bus is output, otherwise, the results of line selection for 3 times of two criteria are counted, probability statistics is performed on the number of times each line or bus is selected, fault judgment is performed according to the principle of highest probability, the number of the fault line or the number of the bus is output, and line selection is completed.
In specific implementation, a simulation model is built according to an actual power supply system, and different fault conditions are set in the simulation model to obtain zero-sequence current signals of each simulation line and simulate the zero-sequence current signals of an actual single-phase earth fault. Selecting zero sequence currents of two power frequency periods after the fault, and decomposing and reconstructing the zero sequence currents through the improved MEEMD; performing Hilbert transformation on the reconstructed signal, extracting an instantaneous phase and an instantaneous amplitude, calculating an instantaneous phase angle and line energy by using the instantaneous phase and the instantaneous amplitude, and then judging the absolute value of a phase angle difference and the instantaneous energy ratio; when the two criteria simultaneously meet the fault condition of a certain line, the line is a fault line; when the two criteria simultaneously meet the bus fault condition, the bus fault is determined; if the two criteria do not meet the conditions, 10 more gaussian white noise is added in the CEEMD decomposition process to decompose the gaussian white noise, the process is repeated for 3 times, if the instantaneous phase angle line selection result of a certain time is the same as the line energy ratio line selection result, line selection is completed, and the fault line number or the bus number is output, otherwise, the results of line selection for 3 times of the two criteria are counted, probability statistics is performed on the number of times of selecting each line or bus, fault judgment is performed according to the principle of highest probability, the fault line number or the bus number is output, and line selection is completed.
For convenience of description, the embodiment of the present invention sets the bus to have 4 outgoing lines. When a power supply system with a neutral point grounded through an arc suppression coil has a single-phase ground fault, the method can be used for realizing perfect single-phase ground fault line selection, and the specific embodiment process is as follows.
FIG. 1 is a simulation model of a power supply system with a neutral point grounded through an arc suppression coil, wherein an AC Type is a 35kV alternating current power supply, a T0 is a transformer, a transformation ratio is 35kV/6kV, a delta/Y connection method is adopted, the neutral point is grounded through the arc suppression coil, an overcompensation mode is adopted, the compensation degree is set to be 5%, and the loss of the arc suppression coil is set to be 3%; the sampling frequency was set to 10kHz and line L4 was a single-phase ground fault line.
When the bus zero sequence voltage instantaneous value u0(t)>During setting, the single-phase earth fault line selection algorithm is started, and zero sequence current i of two power frequency periods after the fault of each feeder line occurs is recorded0(t) as shown in FIGS. 2,3,4 and 5.
Performing improved MEEMD decomposition on zero-sequence currents of two power frequency periods after each line fault occurs and performing imf pair2To imfNThe reconstruction is performed to remove the noise component, and the reconstruction result is shown in fig. 6.
Hilbert transformation is carried out on the reconstructed signal to obtain an instantaneous phase
Figure BDA0002374133260000071
And the instantaneous amplitude a (t) as shown in fig. 7, fig. 8, fig. 9, fig. 10, fig. 11, fig. 12, fig. 13, fig. 14.
By instantaneous phase
Figure BDA0002374133260000072
Calculating instantaneous phase angle θ (t) and line energy P at the fault point from instantaneous amplitude A (t), which can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002374133260000073
Figure BDA0002374133260000074
the instantaneous phase angle theta (t) of each line and the line energy P can be obtained by using the formula; the instantaneous phase angle θ (t) of the line 1 is 102.3248, and the line energy P is 1.7331 × 10-7(ii) a The instantaneous phase angle θ (t) of the line 2 is 102.2779, and the line energy P is 2.3115 × 10-7(ii) a The instantaneous phase angle θ (t) of the line 3 is 110.0237, and the line energy P is 3.6541 × 10-7(ii) a Instantaneous phase angle theta (t) of line 4 is-84.7483, and line energy P is 41.286 × 10-7；
Calculating the absolute value of the phase angle difference of each line fault occurrence moment, and if the phase angle difference between one line and other lines is more than or equal to 60 degrees, judging the line as a fault line; otherwise, the bus fault is determined, which can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002374133260000081
wherein i, j, k, n represent different line numbers, i ≠ j ≠ k ≠ n, and i, j, k, n ∈ {1,2,3,4 }; thetan,θi,θj,θkRepresenting the instantaneous phase angle at different line fault moments;
calculating the energy P of each line1,P2,P3,P4And judging the energy ratio of each line, if the energy ratio of one line is more than or equal to 0.5, judging the line as a fault line, otherwise, judging the line as a bus fault, and expressing the fault line as follows:
Figure BDA0002374133260000082
in the above formula P1,P2,P3,P4Respectively representing the energy of four different lines; pnRepresents the energy of the test line, where n is 1,2,3, 4;
the line selection result is known from the absolute value of the instantaneous phase angle difference and the line energy, as shown in table 1.
Figure BDA0002374133260000083
TABLE 1 single-phase earth fault line selection result chart
In table 1: rgTransition resistance value of grounding point; l is the length of the fault line; l isfThe distance between the fault point and the bus is taken as the distance; theta is a fault initial phase angle.
And the line selection result is consistent with the fault line set by the simulation.
In order to verify whether the line selection method can correctly select the single-phase earth fault line under the influence of various random fault factors, single-phase earth fault points are randomly arranged on the bus and the line L4, and each fault factor is changed to verify the line selection method. The results are shown in Table 2.
Figure BDA0002374133260000084
Figure BDA0002374133260000091
Table 2 single-phase earth fault line selection result chart under influence of various fault factors
As can be seen from the graph 2, under the influence of various random fault factors, no matter whether a single-phase ground fault occurs to a line or a bus, the line selection method can correctly select the fault line.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A single-phase earth fault line selection method based on improved MEEMD is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
when the instantaneous value of the bus zero-sequence voltage is greater than the setting value, recording zero-sequence currents of two power frequency periods after each line fault occurs at a sampling frequency of 10 kHz;
CEEMD algorithm is utilized to carry out CEEMD decomposition on zero sequence current signals of two power frequency periods after each line fault occurs, and a series of imf from high frequency to low frequency is obtainednA component;
imf removal by PE entropy algorithmnNoise components in the components are obtained to obtain N de-noised imfnA component;
to imf after denoising2To imfNAccumulating and reconstructing N-1 components to obtain a reconstructed signal x (t);
hilbert transformation is carried out on the reconstructed signal x (t) to obtain the instantaneous phase of the reconstructed signal x (t)
Figure FDA0003441948180000011
Calculating instantaneous phase angle through instantaneous phase and energy through instantaneous amplitude;
the instantaneous phase angle theta (t) of each line at the fault occurrence moment is subjected to difference calculation to calculate an absolute value, the energy ratio of the energy P of each line in the total line energy is calculated, if the absolute value of the instantaneous phase angle difference between one line and the other lines is more than or equal to 60 degrees and the energy ratio of the line is more than or equal to 0.5, the line is judged to be a fault line, and the line number is output; if the absolute value of the instantaneous phase angle difference between each line and the rest lines is less than 60 degrees and the energy occupation ratio of each line is less than 0.5, judging that the bus is in fault and outputting a bus number;
judging whether the instantaneous phase angle line selection result is the same as the line energy ratio line selection result or not, finishing line selection and outputting a fault line number or a bus number if the line selection results are the same; if the line selection results are different, 10 more gaussian white noise is added in the CEEMD decomposition process for decomposition, the process is repeated for 3 times, if the instantaneous phase angle line selection result of a certain time is the same as the line energy ratio line selection result, line selection is completed and the number of a fault line or a bus is output, otherwise, the results of line selection for 3 times of two criteria are counted, probability statistics is performed on the number of times each line or bus is selected, fault judgment is performed according to the principle of highest probability, the number of the fault line or bus is output, and line selection is completed.
2. The improved MEEMD-based single-phase ground fault line selection method of claim 1, wherein the reconstructed signal x (t) is Hilbert transformed to obtain the instantaneous phase of the reconstructed signal x (t)
Figure FDA0003441948180000012
And calculating an instantaneous phase angle through the instantaneous phase, and in the step of calculating energy through the instantaneous amplitude, calculating the instantaneous phase angle theta (t) and the energy P according to the formula:
Figure FDA0003441948180000013
Figure FDA0003441948180000014
wherein x (t) represents a reconstructed signal,
Figure FDA0003441948180000015
to reconstruct the instantaneous phase of the signal, A (t) is the instantaneous amplitude of the reconstructed signal.
3. The improved MEEMD-based single-phase ground fault line selection method according to claim 1, wherein in the instantaneous phase angle line selection process, the judgment formula is expressed as:
Figure FDA0003441948180000021
wherein i, j, k, n represent different line numbers, i ≠ j ≠ k ≠ n; thetan,θi,θj,θkRepresenting the instantaneous phase angle at the moment of the different line faults.
4. The improved MEEMD-based single-phase earth fault line selection method according to claim 1, wherein in the line energy ratio line selection process, the judgment formula is represented as:
Figure FDA0003441948180000022
wherein, P1,P2,P3...PmRespectively representing the energy of different lines; pnRepresenting the energy of the test line.
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