CN111253198A - Formula and production process of detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive - Google Patents
Formula and production process of detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive Download PDFInfo
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- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/285—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with fuel oil, e.g. ANFO-compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
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Abstract
The invention provides a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive formula which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 80-90% of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, 10-20% of latex matrix and an anti-caking agent, wherein the anti-caking agent is polyisobutylene succinimide or borax, and the mass ratio of the polyisobutylene succinimide added separately is 1-2%; or the anti-caking agent is borax, and the mass ratio of the borax added separately is 0.5-1.0%; or the anti-blocking agent is polyisobutylene succinimide and borax, and the total mass ratio of the anti-blocking agent is 1.5-3%, wherein the mass ratio of the polyisobutylene succinimide is 1-2%, and the mass ratio of the borax is 0.5-1%. The emulsion matrix is uniformly coated on the surface of the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, so that the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive has good water resistance, continuous production of the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is realized, the product performance is stable, the explosion speed reaches 2700-.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial explosive application, in particular to a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive formula and a production process thereof.
Background
The emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is a novel mixed explosive formed by mixing an emulsion matrix and a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive. Namely: porous granular ammonium nitrate and light diesel oil are mixed in proportion to form porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive; the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix form emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives with different properties according to different proportions. The production of emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives is efficiently produced by adopting a production process of full-automatic equipment, and the Chinese patent with the application number of 201910730824.7 and the invention name of 'an emulsified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive production system' discloses a continuous and automatic production system of emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives.
However, the existing emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate, has poor storage stability and unstable detonation, and influences the later-stage explosive loading and explosion effects. Therefore, there is a need for improved formulations and manufacturing processes for emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is a formula and a production process of bulk emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with 10-20% of latex matrix, and the explosive has the advantages of high intrinsic safety (no detonator sensitivity), high density, high explosion energy, low cost, certain water resistance and the like; meanwhile, in the engineering blasting, the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive has the viscosity of an emulsion matrix and the looseness of the porous granular ammonium nitrate explosive, so that the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive can be adhered to an upward blast hole in a conglobation manner without falling under the extrusion action of air pressure during pneumatic conveying and explosive loading, has the advantages of high efficiency and quickness in explosive loading, and is popular with mine users. The production process of the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive meets the requirements of continuous and automatic production.
The invention provides a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive formula which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 80-90% of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, 10-20% of emulsion matrix and anti-caking agent,
the anti-blocking agent is polyisobutylene succinimide or borax, and the mass ratio of the polyisobutylene succinimide added independently is 1-2%;
or the anti-caking agent is borax, and the mass ratio of the borax added separately is 0.5-1.0%;
or the anti-blocking agent is polyisobutylene succinimide and borax, and the total mass ratio of the anti-blocking agent is 1.5-3%, wherein the mass ratio of the polyisobutylene succinimide is 1-2%, and the mass ratio of the borax is 0.5-1%.
Further, the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is prepared according to the following mass ratio: 94-96% of porous granular ammonium nitrate and 4-6% of light diesel oil.
Further, the anti-caking agent also comprises one or two of polyacrylamide and stearic acid, wherein the polyacrylamide accounts for 0.01-2% of the mass ratio of the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, and the stearic acid accounts for 0.01-1.5% of the mass ratio of the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
The production process of the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive formula comprises the following steps,
s1, preparing a latex matrix: firstly, preparing an oil phase and a water phase, and emulsifying the oil phase and the water phase to obtain an emulsion matrix;
s2, preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive: mixing porous granular ammonium nitrate and light diesel oil to prepare porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive;
s3, preparing the emulsion granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive without detonator sensitivity: the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix are mixed to prepare the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, wherein an anti-caking agent is added in the preparation process of the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive or/and the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
Further, in step S3, the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix are mixed and added into a mixer according to the process ratio for mixing, and the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is continuously produced.
Further, the method also comprises the step of
S4: and (3) carrying out automatic charging, packaging and finished product transferring on the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
Further, in step S1,
the oil phase preparation comprises the steps of adding the integrated oil phase material into an oil phase melting tank according to the formula requirement, starting a stirring device, uniformly stirring, and automatically controlling the temperature to the process temperature for later use;
the preparation of the water phase comprises the steps of crushing ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, adding metered water, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into a dissolving tank, starting a stirring device, and automatically controlling the temperature to the process temperature for later use after the materials are completely dissolved;
the emulsification comprises the steps of conveying the prepared water phase solution through a water phase pipeline, a valve and a water phase filter under the instruction of a computer by a water phase conveying system, metering the solution by a water phase flowmeter, and conveying the solution into a coarse emulsifier; the prepared oil phase solution is conveyed by an oil phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an oil phase pipeline, a valve and an oil phase filter, is metered by an oil phase flowmeter and is sent into a coarse emulsifier; the water phase solution and the oil phase solution automatically and continuously enter a coarse emulsifier to perform primary emulsion according to the process, and then are pumped into a non-rotating static emulsifier to perform fine emulsion, so that the emulsion matrix is continuously produced.
Further, liquid ammonium nitrate is used for preparing a water phase, ingredients are added according to the process guidance, and the temperature is kept for standby.
Furthermore, the integrated oil phase is optimized, and polyisobutylene succinimide is added to increase the stability and the film forming thickness of the latex matrix.
Further, the mass ratio of the water phase to the oil phase in the step S1 is 88-94: 6-12.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the water phase to the oil phase in the step S1 is 93-94: 6-7.
Further, in the step S2,
conveying the porous granular ammonium nitrate to an ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixing screw through a quantitative screw according to a certain proportion, synchronously conveying the light diesel fuel to the ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixing screw through a pumping metering system, and forming the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive in the mixing screw by the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the light diesel fuel;
and adding the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix into a mixing machine according to the process ratio for mixing, and continuously producing the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
In step S2, the oil absorption of the porous granular ammonium nitrate is controlled to be 8-10%.
Further, the anti-caking agent is polyisobutylene succinimide which is added in the light diesel oil.
After the scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the preparation process of the porous granular ammonium nitrate, the oil absorption rate of the porous granular ammonium nitrate in the granulation process is controlled to be 8-10 percent; the viscosity of the explosive can be maintained;
2. the emulsion matrix is a water-in-oil type emulsification system, the oxidant aqueous solution is used as a disperse phase, the particle size of liquid drops becomes very small, the dispersion is fine and uniform, and the emulsifier is closely and fully contacted with a combustible agent oil film of a continuous phase; meanwhile, in the W/O type emulsion system, a hydrophobic oily material is included as a continuous phase with a water-soluble oxidizing agent salt, thus preventing the intrusion of external water. In the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, an emulsion matrix which is suitable for the formula of the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is developed as a coating agent, the proportion of a water phase to an oil phase is controlled in the preparation process of the emulsion matrix, and the mass ratio of the water phase to the oil phase is as follows: water phase: the integrated oil phase is 88-94:6-12, and is uniformly coated on the surface of the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, so that the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive has good water resistance, continuous production of the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is realized, the product performance is stable, and the explosion speed reaches 2700-;
3. the anti-caking agent (borax, polyacrylamide and stearic acid) is added in the production process of the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, so that the caking problem of the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive produced in high-temperature seasons can be effectively prevented;
4. the polyisobutylene succinimide is added in the production process of the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, so that the viscosity and the waterproofness of the explosive can be improved, and the agglomeration of the explosive can be effectively prevented;
5. adopts a static mixing emulsification process. The fine emulsifier used in the process and the equipment is a non-rotating static mixer, the primary emulsifier is an open coarse emulsifier with small volume, and has the characteristics of low rotating speed (120-600 rpm), large gap and low power, the temperature is not increased in the emulsification process, and the temperature of the latex is not higher than 85 ℃;
6. the efficient mixer is adopted, the equipment structure is simple, the mixing efficiency is high, the machine drives a main shaft to rotate at the adjustable speed of 40-200r/min by a cycloidal pin gear reducer (power part), the other shaft is driven to rotate by a gear, the rubbing plates on the two shafts are mutually staggered and rotate simultaneously, and the materials are continuously stirred and mixed to form the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a production process of a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in this example, the raw materials were prepared as follows (mass percent):
ammonium nitrate: 10.8 percent; sodium nitrate: 0.8 percent; water: 1.7 percent; (ii) a An integrated oil phase: 0.9 percent; porous granulated ammonium nitrate: 80 percent; light diesel oil: 4 percent; borax: 1.0 percent; 0.8 percent of polyisobutylene succinimide;
as shown in FIG. 1, the continuous preparation of the latex matrix (coating agent) is carried out.
S1, preparing a latex matrix: firstly, preparing an oil phase and a water phase, and emulsifying the oil phase and the water phase to obtain an emulsion matrix;
preparing an oil phase: metering the integrated oil phase material and polyisobutylene succinimide into an oil phase melting tank according to the formula requirement, starting a stirring device, uniformly stirring, and automatically controlling the temperature to a process temperature for later use;
opening the oil phase melting tank, feeding pipeline heat-insulating steam valve, steam pressure should be 0.1-0.2MPa, and closing the feeding valve and the emptying valve. And opening an air inlet valve of the wax melting tank to perform air inlet heating, controlling the air pressure to be about 0.3MPa, putting the weighed integrated oil phase material into the wax melting tank, and allowing the melted integrated oil phase to flow into an oil phase preparation tank. Opening a steam inlet valve of the oil phase melting tank, wherein the steam inlet pressure is not more than 0.2MPa, and the temperature is controlled at 90-100 ℃;
when the temperature of the oil phase reaches 90-100 ℃, closing an air inlet valve, stopping heating, determining whether to open a blanking valve of an oil phase melting tank according to the stock condition of the oil phase storage tank, pumping the oil phase into the oil phase storage tank (determining that the blanking valve of the oil phase storage tank is closed), after the pumping is finished, purging (air pressure gas) a conveying pipeline, when the material of an oil phase preparation tank is emptied, stopping a stirring device, starting a storage tank stirring device, determining whether to heat according to the temperature condition of the oil phase, keeping the temperature of the oil phase at 90-100 ℃, and after the production is started, determining whether to stop stirring according to the stock condition of the oil phase;
when the oil-water phase is well prepared, the pharmacy process and the control room are informed to prepare for production.
Preparation of an aqueous phase: crushing ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, adding metered water, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into a dissolving tank, starting a stirring device, and automatically controlling the temperature to the process temperature for later use after the materials are completely dissolved. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, opening a heat-preservation steam valve of a water-phase blanking pipeline (and an intermediate pump pipeline), keeping the heat-preservation steam pressure within 0.1-0.2MPa, and closing a blanking valve and an emptying valve; adding water into a water phase dissolving tank after metering by a flowmeter, opening a steam coil valve of the water phase dissolving tank for heating, wherein the steam pressure is not more than 0.4MPa, informing a control room or starting a stirring device on site, adding weighed sodium nitrate into the water phase dissolving tank when the water temperature reaches above 60 ℃, informing an ammonium nitrate crushing procedure to start crushing ammonium nitrate when using solid ammonium nitrate, putting the ammonium nitrate into the water phase dissolving tank by an ammonium nitrate conveying screw, controlling the feeding speed according to the conveying condition and the dissolving condition, and informing the crushing procedure to stop feeding the ammonium nitrate and closing an ammonium nitrate crusher and a screw conveying device when adding the ammonium nitrate to the specified feeding amount (a plurality of bags and making records). Under the condition of continuously heating and stirring, when the temperature of the water phase reaches 80-90 ℃, a control room or a field is informed to close a steam inlet valve, and the heating is stopped. Under the action of the residual steam, the temperature of the water phase is further raised to 85-95 ℃, after the ammonium nitrate is completely dissolved, whether a blanking valve of the water phase dissolving tank is opened or not is determined according to the stock condition of the water phase storage tank, the dissolved water phase is pumped into the water phase storage tank (the first tank needs to determine that the blanking valve of the water phase storage tank is closed), a control room or a field is informed to close a stirring device of the water phase dissolving tank, and the stirring device of the water phase storage tank is started. Determining whether to heat according to the temperature of the water phase, when the temperature of the liquid ammonium nitrate is too high, converting the water phase steam coil into cold water to cool the water phase, keeping the temperature of the water phase at 90-100 ℃, and stopping stirring after the production is started; and after the water phase is prepared, informing an emulsification process and a control room, pumping the water phase to a water phase storage tank, stopping pumping and flushing the conveying pipeline by using steam when the water phase reaches a specified liquid level, wherein the flushing time is not less than 30 seconds.
In another embodiment, when the liquid ammonium nitrate is used for preparing the water phase, ingredients are added according to process guidance and are kept warm for later use, before starting operation, a inspector needs to check whether various valves are normal or not and whether leakage occurs or not, a control room monitoring personnel can carry out remote control by the ingredients before starting operation and after confirming that a pipeline is smooth, and the automatic heating temperature of the liquid ammonium nitrate is set to be 115 +/-5 ℃. When liquid ammonium nitrate is used, preheating a feeding pipeline for not less than 1 minute; when feeding, firstly, water is metered by a flowmeter and then is added into a water phase dissolving tank; then adding sodium nitrate and potassium chloride (coal mine type), finally opening a reversing valve of a liquid ammonium nitrate storage tank, and then opening a discharging valve to perform discharging; when the flowmeter indicates a set value, the feeding is completed and the discharge valve is closed, the feeding pipeline (about 90 kg) is flushed with steam for not less than 5 seconds, and the stirring motor is started to melt.
Emulsification: the prepared aqueous phase solution is conveyed by an aqueous phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an aqueous phase pipeline, a valve and an aqueous phase filter, is measured by an aqueous phase flowmeter and is sent into a coarse emulsifier.
The prepared oil phase solution is conveyed by an oil phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an oil phase pipeline, a valve and an oil phase filter, is metered by an oil phase flowmeter and is conveyed into a coarse emulsifier, and in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the water phase to the oil phase is 93.5: 6.5;
the water phase solution and the oil phase solution automatically and continuously enter a coarse emulsifier to perform primary emulsion according to the process, and then are pumped into a non-rotating static emulsifier to perform fine emulsion, so that the emulsion matrix is continuously produced;
when the colostrum is adopted, the oil phase pump is started on site, when the oil phase flow is normal (within the flow value range specified by the process conditions), the pre-emulsification tank cover is opened, the outflow condition of the oil phase is observed, when the oil phase liquid reaches the first layer of blades of the stirring shaft, the stirring motor is started, the water phase pump is started at the same time, and the rotating speed of the pre-emulsification stirrer is gradually increased. When the liquid level is higher than the upper part of the blade below the pre-milk stirrer, the rotating speed is adjusted to be about 200rpm, and when the liquid level is at the lower part of the blade above the pre-milk stirrer, the rotating speed is adjusted to be about 300 rpm; when the liquid level is higher than the upper part of the blade on the pre-emulsifying stirrer, the rotating speed is adjusted to be about 400 rpm; the speed was adjusted to around 550rpm when the vortex on the surface of the liquid became small and the blades above the pre-milk mixer were not visible. Typically, the pre-emulsion is formed at a speed of about 400rpm, and it is noted that if the pre-emulsion rotates with a resonance speed region, the pre-emulsion should be adjusted rapidly to avoid the resonance speed region during the rotation speed adjustment. When the liquid level of the pre-emulsion reaches the position required by the process, a butterfly valve below the pre-emulsion tank is quickly opened, a substrate delivery pump is started, after stable and uniform substrates come out from a bypass valve of an initial emulsion substrate outlet pipeline, the substrate pump is stopped, a three-way valve is quickly switched to a static mixer pipeline, and the substrate pump is started. Observing the pressure at the outlet end of the matrix conveying pump, taking out the latex matrix from the sampling port to measure the density of the latex matrix after the latex matrix is stabilized. The pre-emulsion is conveyed to a static mixer through a substrate conveying pump for further emulsification, and a non-rotating static emulsifier is adopted for fine emulsification in the embodiment.
S2, preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive: mixing porous granular ammonium nitrate and light diesel oil to prepare porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive (emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive mixed explosive), conveying the porous granular ammonium nitrate to an ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixed explosive screw through a quantitative screw, synchronously conveying the light diesel oil to the ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixed explosive screw through a pumping metering system, and forming the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive in the ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixed explosive screw by the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the light diesel oil;
s3, preparing the emulsion granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive without detonator sensitivity: adding the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix into a mixer according to a process ratio, adding metered borax for mixing, and continuously producing the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive;
s4, filling, packaging and transferring of emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives: the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive mixed by the mixing machine enters a storage bin through suspension conveying, after the materials in the storage bin reach a certain amount, the procedures of bag opening, bag sleeving, powder filling, metering, edge locking and the like are carried out under the instruction of a computer, the bulk emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive after powder filling is sent to a transfer platform through a conveying belt, stacked by a palletizing robot and pushed into a finished product transfer trolley for storage. The automatic charging, packaging and product transferring processes performed in this embodiment can be implemented by the production system disclosed in application No. 201910730824.7, and will not be described in detail here.
Example two:
in this example, the raw materials were prepared as follows (mass percent):
ammonium nitrate: 11.2 percent; sodium nitrate: 0.7 percent; water: 1.6 percent; an integrated oil phase: 1.0 percent; porous granulated ammonium nitrate: 79.5 percent; light diesel oil: 4.5 percent; borax: 1.0 percent; 0.5 percent of polyisobutylene succinimide;
continuous preparation of the latex matrix (coating agent):
s1, preparing a latex matrix: firstly, preparing an oil phase and a water phase, and emulsifying the oil phase and the water phase to obtain an emulsion matrix; preparation of oil phase and water phase: the integrated oil phase material is added into an oil phase melting tank according to the formula requirement, a stirring device is started, the mixture is uniformly stirred, and the temperature is automatically controlled to the process temperature for standby;
crushing ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, adding metered water, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into a dissolving tank, starting a stirring device, automatically controlling the temperature to a process temperature for later use after materials are completely dissolved, starting a screw conveyor on site, starting an ammonium nitrate crusher, opening an ammonium nitrate bag opening, hammering a large ammonium nitrate block by using a nonmetal tool, then feeding, wherein the feeding speed is determined according to the dissolving condition of the ammonium nitrate and the screw conveying condition, and closing a screw conveying device when the ammonium nitrate is added to a specified feeding amount;
emulsification: the prepared aqueous phase solution is conveyed by an aqueous phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an aqueous phase pipeline, a valve and an aqueous phase filter, is measured by an aqueous phase flowmeter and is sent into a coarse emulsifier.
The prepared oil phase solution is conveyed by an oil phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an oil phase pipeline, a valve and an oil phase filter, is metered by an oil phase flowmeter and is conveyed into a coarse emulsifier, and in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the water phase to the oil phase is 90: 10;
the water phase solution and the oil phase solution automatically and continuously enter a coarse emulsifier to carry out primary emulsion according to the process, and then are pumped into a non-rotating static emulsifier to carry out fine emulsion. Continuously producing a latex matrix;
s2, preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive: and mixing the weighed light diesel oil and the polyisobutylene succinimide, and uniformly mixing for later use. The porous granular ammonium nitrate is conveyed to an ammonium nitrate oil mixing spiral through a quantitative spiral according to a certain proportion, the mixture of the light diesel oil and the polyisobutylene succinimide is synchronously conveyed to the ammonium nitrate oil mixing spiral through a pumping metering system, and the porous granular ammonium nitrate, the light diesel oil and the polyisobutylene succinimide form the ammonium nitrate oil explosive in the mixing spiral.
S3, preparing the emulsion granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive without detonator sensitivity: and adding the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix into a mixer according to a process ratio, and simultaneously adding metered borax for mixing to continuously produce the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
S4, filling, packaging and transferring of emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives: the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive mixed by the mixing machine enters a storage bin through suspension conveying, and after a certain amount of materials in the storage bin are obtained, the procedures of bag opening, bag sleeving, powder filling, metering, edge locking and the like are carried out under the instruction of a computer. And the bulk emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive after charging is conveyed to a transfer platform through a conveying belt, stacked by a stacking robot and pushed into a finished product transfer trolley for warehousing.
Example three:
in this example, the raw materials were prepared as follows (mass percent):
ammonium nitrate: 10 percent; sodium nitrate: 0.8 percent; water: 1.7 percent; an integrated oil phase: 0.9 percent; porous granulated ammonium nitrate: 80 percent; light diesel oil: 5 percent; polyisobutylene succinimide: 1.6 percent;
continuous preparation of the latex matrix (coating agent):
s1, preparing a latex matrix: firstly, preparing an oil phase and a water phase, and emulsifying the oil phase and the water phase to obtain an emulsion matrix; preparation of oil phase and water phase: the integrated oil phase material is added into an oil phase melting tank according to the formula requirement, a stirring device is started, the mixture is uniformly stirred, and the temperature is automatically controlled to the process temperature for standby;
ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate are crushed. Adding the measured water, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into a dissolving tank, starting a stirring device, and automatically controlling the temperature to the process temperature for later use after the materials are completely dissolved. When liquid ammonium nitrate is used to prepare the aqueous phase, the ingredients are added according to the process guidance and the temperature is kept for standby.
Emulsification: the prepared aqueous phase solution is conveyed by an aqueous phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an aqueous phase pipeline, a valve and an aqueous phase filter, is measured by an aqueous phase flowmeter and is sent into a coarse emulsifier.
The prepared oil phase solution is conveyed by an oil phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an oil phase pipeline, a valve and an oil phase filter, is metered by an oil phase flowmeter and is sent into a coarse emulsifier; in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the water phase to the oil phase is 93.5: 6.5;
the water phase solution and the oil phase solution automatically and continuously enter a coarse emulsifier to perform primary emulsion according to the process, and then are pumped into a non-rotating static emulsifier to perform fine emulsion, so that the emulsion matrix is continuously produced;
s2, preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive: conveying the porous granular ammonium nitrate to an ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixing screw through a quantitative screw according to a certain proportion, synchronously conveying the light diesel fuel to the ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixing screw through a pumping metering system, and forming the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive in the mixing screw by the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the light diesel fuel;
s3, preparing the emulsion granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive without detonator sensitivity: adding the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix into a mixing machine according to a process ratio, and simultaneously adding metered polyisobutylene succinimide for mixing to continuously produce the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive;
s4, filling, packaging and transferring of emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives: the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive mixed by the mixing machine enters a storage bin through suspension conveying, and after a certain amount of materials in the storage bin are obtained, the procedures of bag opening, bag sleeving, powder filling, metering, edge locking and the like are carried out under the instruction of a computer. And the bulk emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive after charging is conveyed to a transfer platform through a conveying belt, stacked by a stacking robot and pushed into a finished product transfer trolley for warehousing.
Example four:
in this example, the raw materials were prepared as follows (mass percent):
ammonium nitrate: 10.5 percent; sodium nitrate: 0.8 percent; water: 1.7 percent; an integrated oil phase: 0.9 percent; porous granulated ammonium nitrate: 80 percent; light diesel oil: 4 percent; borax: 1.0 percent; 1.1 percent of polyacrylamide; (ii) a
Continuous preparation of the latex matrix (coating agent):
s1, preparing a latex matrix: firstly, preparing an oil phase and a water phase, and emulsifying the oil phase and the water phase to obtain an emulsion matrix; preparing an oil phase and a water phase, namely metering the integrated oil phase material into an oil phase melting tank according to the formula requirement, starting a stirring device, uniformly stirring, and automatically controlling the temperature to a process temperature for later use; crushing ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, adding metered water, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into a dissolving tank, starting a stirring device, and automatically controlling the temperature to the process temperature for later use after the materials are completely dissolved.
Emulsification: the prepared aqueous phase solution is conveyed by an aqueous phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an aqueous phase pipeline, a valve and an aqueous phase filter, is measured by an aqueous phase flowmeter and is sent into a coarse emulsifier.
The prepared oil phase solution is conveyed by an oil phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an oil phase pipeline, a valve and an oil phase filter, is metered by an oil phase flowmeter and is sent into a coarse emulsifier; in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the water phase to the oil phase is 89: 11;
the water phase solution and the oil phase solution automatically and continuously enter a coarse emulsifier to perform primary emulsion according to the process, and then are pumped into a non-rotating static emulsifier to perform fine emulsion, so that the emulsion matrix is continuously produced;
s2, preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive: according to a certain proportion, the porous granular ammonium nitrate is conveyed to an ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixing screw through a quantitative screw, the light diesel oil is synchronously conveyed to the ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixing screw through a pumping metering system, and the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the light diesel oil form a porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive in the mixing screw;
s3, preparing the emulsion granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive without detonator sensitivity: adding the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix into a mixing machine according to a process ratio, adding metered borax and polyacrylamide for mixing, and continuously producing the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive;
s4, filling, packaging and transferring of emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives: the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive mixed by the mixing machine enters a storage bin through suspension conveying, and after a certain amount of materials in the storage bin are obtained, the procedures of bag opening, bag sleeving, powder filling, metering, edge locking and the like are carried out under the instruction of a computer. And the bulk emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive after charging is conveyed to a transfer platform through a conveying belt, stacked by a stacking robot and pushed into a finished product transfer trolley for warehousing.
Example five:
in this example, the raw materials were prepared as follows (mass percent):
ammonium nitrate: 10.5 percent; sodium nitrate: 0.8 percent; water: 1.7 percent; an integrated oil phase: 0.9 percent; porous granulated ammonium nitrate: 80 percent; light diesel oil: 4 percent; borax: 0.8 percent; 0.5 percent of stearic acid; 0.8 percent of polyacrylamide.
Continuous preparation of the latex matrix (coating agent):
s1, preparing a latex matrix: firstly, preparing an oil phase and a water phase, and emulsifying the oil phase and the water phase to obtain an emulsion matrix; preparation of oil phase and water phase: the integrated oil phase material is added into an oil phase melting tank according to the formula requirement, a stirring device is started, the mixture is uniformly stirred, and the temperature is automatically controlled to the process temperature for standby;
crushing ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, adding metered water, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into a dissolving tank, starting a stirring device, automatically controlling the temperature to a process temperature for later use after materials are completely dissolved, starting a screw conveyor on site, starting an ammonium nitrate crusher, opening an ammonium nitrate bag opening, hammering a large ammonium nitrate block by using a nonmetal tool, then feeding, wherein the feeding speed is determined according to the dissolving condition of the ammonium nitrate and the screw conveying condition, and closing a screw conveying device when the ammonium nitrate is added to a specified feeding amount;
emulsification: the prepared aqueous phase solution is conveyed by an aqueous phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an aqueous phase pipeline, a valve and an aqueous phase filter, is measured by an aqueous phase flowmeter and is sent into a coarse emulsifier.
The prepared oil phase solution is conveyed by an oil phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an oil phase pipeline, a valve and an oil phase filter, is metered by an oil phase flowmeter and is conveyed into a coarse emulsifier, and in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the water phase to the oil phase is 93.5: 6.5;
the water phase solution and the oil phase solution automatically and continuously enter a coarse emulsifier to carry out primary emulsion according to the process, and then are pumped into a non-rotating static emulsifier to carry out fine emulsion. Continuously producing a latex matrix;
s2, preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive: taking the measured light diesel oil, conveying the porous granular ammonium nitrate to an ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixing screw through a quantitative screw according to a certain proportion, synchronously conveying the light diesel oil to the ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixing screw through a pumping metering system, and forming the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive in the ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixing screw by the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the light diesel oil.
S3, preparing the emulsion granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive without detonator sensitivity: adding the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix into a mixer according to a process ratio, and simultaneously adding the measured borax, the measured stearic acid and the measured polyacrylamide for mixing to continuously produce the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
S4, filling, packaging and transferring of emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives: the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive mixed by the mixing machine enters a storage bin through suspension conveying, and after a certain amount of materials in the storage bin are obtained, the procedures of bag opening, bag sleeving, powder filling, metering, edge locking and the like are carried out under the instruction of a computer. The bulk emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive after being charged is conveyed to a transfer platform through a conveying belt, stacked by a stacking robot and pushed into a finished product transfer trolley to be put in storage
Example six:
in this example, the raw materials were prepared as follows (mass percent):
ammonium nitrate: 10.5 percent; sodium nitrate: 0.8 percent; water: 1.7 percent; an integrated oil phase: 0.9 percent; porous granulated ammonium nitrate: 80 percent; light diesel oil: 4 percent; borax: 0.8 percent; 0.5 percent of stearic acid; 0.8 percent of polyisobutylene succinimide.
Continuous preparation of the latex matrix (coating agent):
s1, preparing a latex matrix: firstly, preparing an oil phase and a water phase, and emulsifying the oil phase and the water phase to obtain an emulsion matrix; preparation of oil phase and water phase: the integrated oil phase material is added into an oil phase melting tank according to the formula requirement, a stirring device is started, the mixture is uniformly stirred, and the temperature is automatically controlled to the process temperature for standby;
crushing ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, adding metered water, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into a dissolving tank, starting a stirring device, automatically controlling the temperature to a process temperature for later use after materials are completely dissolved, starting a screw conveyor on site, starting an ammonium nitrate crusher, opening an ammonium nitrate bag opening, hammering a large ammonium nitrate block by using a nonmetal tool, then feeding, wherein the feeding speed is determined according to the dissolving condition of the ammonium nitrate and the screw conveying condition, and closing a screw conveying device when the ammonium nitrate is added to a specified feeding amount;
emulsification: the prepared aqueous phase solution is conveyed by an aqueous phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an aqueous phase pipeline, a valve and an aqueous phase filter, is measured by an aqueous phase flowmeter and is sent into a coarse emulsifier.
The prepared oil phase solution is conveyed by an oil phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an oil phase pipeline, a valve and an oil phase filter, is metered by an oil phase flowmeter and is conveyed into a coarse emulsifier, and in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the water phase to the oil phase is 92: 8;
the water phase solution and the oil phase solution automatically and continuously enter a coarse emulsifier to carry out primary emulsion according to the process, and then are pumped into a non-rotating static emulsifier to carry out fine emulsion. Continuously producing a latex matrix;
s2, preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive: and mixing the weighed light diesel oil and the polyisobutylene succinimide, and uniformly mixing for later use. The porous granular ammonium nitrate is conveyed to an ammonium nitrate oil mixing spiral through a quantitative spiral according to a certain proportion, the mixture of the light diesel oil and the polyisobutylene succinimide is synchronously conveyed to the ammonium nitrate oil mixing spiral through a pumping metering system, and the porous granular ammonium nitrate, the light diesel oil and the polyisobutylene succinimide form the ammonium nitrate oil explosive in the mixing spiral.
S3, preparing the emulsion granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive without detonator sensitivity: adding the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix into a mixer according to a process ratio, and simultaneously adding the measured borax and stearic acid for mixing to continuously produce the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
S4, filling, packaging and transferring of emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives: the emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive mixed by the mixing machine enters a storage bin through suspension conveying, and after a certain amount of materials in the storage bin are obtained, the procedures of bag opening, bag sleeving, powder filling, metering, edge locking and the like are carried out under the instruction of a computer. And the bulk emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive after charging is conveyed to a transfer platform through a conveying belt, stacked by a stacking robot and pushed into a finished product transfer trolley for warehousing.
Claims (10)
1. A detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive formula is characterized by being prepared according to the following mass ratio: 80-90% of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, 10-20% of emulsion matrix and anti-caking agent,
the anti-blocking agent is polyisobutylene succinimide or borax, and the mass ratio of the polyisobutylene succinimide added independently is 1-2%;
or the anti-caking agent is borax, and the mass ratio of the borax added separately is 0.5-1.0%;
or the anti-blocking agent is polyisobutylene succinimide and borax, and the total mass ratio of the anti-blocking agent is 1.5-3%, wherein the mass ratio of the polyisobutylene succinimide is 1-2%, and the mass ratio of the borax is 0.5-1%.
2. The detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive formulation according to claim 1, wherein the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 94-96% of porous granular ammonium nitrate and 4-6% of light diesel oil.
3. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the anti-caking agent further comprises one or both of polyacrylamide and stearic acid, wherein the polyacrylamide accounts for 0.01-2% of the mass ratio of the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, and the stearic acid accounts for 0.01-1.5% of the mass ratio of the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
4. A process for the production of a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1, preparing a latex matrix: firstly, preparing an oil phase and a water phase, and emulsifying the oil phase and the water phase to obtain an emulsion matrix;
s2, preparing porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive: mixing porous granular ammonium nitrate and light diesel oil to prepare porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive;
s3, preparing the emulsion granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive without detonator sensitivity: the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the emulsion matrix are mixed to prepare the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, wherein an anti-caking agent is added in the preparation process of the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive or/and the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
5. The process for producing a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps: further comprising the step of
And S4, carrying out automatic charging, packaging and finished product transferring on the detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
6. The process for producing a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the step S1, in the step S,
the oil phase preparation comprises the steps of adding the integrated oil phase material into an oil phase melting tank according to the formula requirement, starting a stirring device, uniformly stirring, and automatically controlling the temperature to the process temperature for later use;
the preparation of the water phase comprises the steps of crushing ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, adding metered water, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into a dissolving tank, starting a stirring device, and automatically controlling the temperature to the process temperature for later use after the materials are completely dissolved;
the emulsification comprises the steps of conveying the prepared water phase solution through a water phase pipeline, a valve and a water phase filter under the instruction of a computer by a water phase conveying system, metering the solution by a water phase flowmeter, and conveying the solution into a coarse emulsifier; the prepared oil phase solution is conveyed by an oil phase conveying system under the instruction of a computer through an oil phase pipeline, a valve and an oil phase filter, is metered by an oil phase flowmeter and is sent into a coarse emulsifier; the water phase solution and the oil phase solution automatically and continuously enter a coarse emulsifier to perform primary emulsion according to the process, and then are pumped into a non-rotating static emulsifier to perform fine emulsion, so that the emulsion matrix is continuously produced.
7. The process for producing a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the mass ratio of the water phase to the oil phase is 88-94: 6-12.
8. The process for producing a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the step S2, in the above step,
the porous granular ammonium nitrate is conveyed to the ammonium nitrate oil mixing spiral through the quantitative spiral according to a certain proportion, the light diesel oil is synchronously conveyed to the ammonium nitrate oil mixing spiral through the pumping metering system, and the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the light diesel oil form the porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive in the mixing spiral.
9. The process for producing a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in step S2, the oil absorption of the porous granular ammonium nitrate is controlled to be 8-10%.
10. The process for producing a detonator-free sensitivity emulsified granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the anti-blocking agent is polyisobutylene succinimide which is added into the light diesel oil.
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