CN111250733A - Processing method of overweight long shaft - Google Patents
Processing method of overweight long shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN111250733A CN111250733A CN202010119670.0A CN202010119670A CN111250733A CN 111250733 A CN111250733 A CN 111250733A CN 202010119670 A CN202010119670 A CN 202010119670A CN 111250733 A CN111250733 A CN 111250733A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
- B23B5/08—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning axles, bars, rods, tubes, rolls, i.e. shaft-turning lathes, roll lathes; Centreless turning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B25/00—Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines
- B23B25/06—Measuring, gauging, or adjusting equipment on turning-machines for setting-on, feeding, controlling, or monitoring the cutting tools or work
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of an overweight long shaft, which comprises the steps of dividing the overweight long shaft into support sections at two ends and a tubular main body section in the middle, welding the support sections and the tubular main body section into a whole blank shaft, and arranging a support block in an inner hole of the main body section; supporting the blank shaft on two brackets, adjusting the brackets to change the height and the horizontal position of the axis of the blank shaft, clamping the supporting section at the front end on a chuck, and positioning the rear center thimble in the center hole of the supporting section at the rear end; moving the tool rest to a position corresponding to the supporting block, and roughly turning a blank shaft to form a reference section; moving and supporting the bracket at the rear end on the excircle of the reference section, and turning the excircle of the blank shaft from the reference section to a rough turning diameter; supporting a bracket at the front end on a reference section, and turning the excircle of the blank shaft from the reference section to a rough turning diameter; and respectively finish turning the excircle of the rear section blank shaft and the excircle of the front section blank shaft to the designed diameter. The invention can obviously improve the coaxiality of the shaft and the turning precision and is beneficial to improving the processing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of turning, in particular to a method for machining an overweight long shaft.
Background
In the thermal power generation industry, the rotating shaft which is overweight and overlong is required, and the difficulty of turning is high due to the large diameter, the long length and the heavy weight of the rotating shaft. For example, the length of the rotating shaft in a large power plant may be about 10 meters, the maximum diameter may exceed 0.7 meters, and the operating temperature may be between 360 degrees and 550 degrees. Therefore, such a shaft is generally made of 316 stainless steel, which has the advantages of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, extremely high-temperature strength, etc., but has poor machinability, which makes the machining difficult and makes it difficult to ensure the machining accuracy of the machined shaft. Particularly, when the thimble is used for supporting and positioning the rear end of the shaft, the middle position of the shaft is easy to form downward arc-shaped bending deformation under the action of self gravity, so that the coaxiality of the shaft is difficult to ensure during turning, and the shaft even jumps during turning.
As is known, the slender shaft is not rigid enough, and is easy to generate arc bending when being subjected to radial acting force of a turning tool during turning, so that the turning precision is influenced. In the prior art, people can increase the rigidity of the shaft by arranging a support bracket in the middle of the shaft, so that the bending deformation of the shaft during turning is avoided. The support bracket is more suitable for turning slender shafts with light weight. Because the slender shaft is light in weight, when one end of the slender shaft is clamped by the chuck and the other end of the slender shaft is centrally positioned by the ejector pin, the middle part of the slender shaft is basically not bent downwards in an arc shape. That is to say, the support bracket arranged in the middle mainly plays a role of supporting the middle part of the slender shaft to increase the rigidity of the slender shaft, so that the middle part of the slender shaft is prevented from bending during turning. The major-diameter overlength shaft is extremely heavy, so when one end of the rotating shaft is clamped on a chuck of a lathe and the other end of the rotating shaft is positioned through the center of an ejector pin, the middle of the rotating shaft can be bent downwards in an arc shape under the action of the self gravity, the existing bending of the middle of the rotating shaft cannot be avoided or eliminated even if the middle of the rotating shaft is supported by a supporting bracket, and at most, the rotating shaft can be prevented from further increasing bending deformation due to the radial acting force of a turning tool during turning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of low machining precision of the existing overweight long shaft during turning, and provides a machining method of the overweight long shaft, which can obviously improve the coaxiality of the shaft and the turning precision and is beneficial to improving the machining efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a processing method of a overweight long shaft comprises a supporting section with smaller diameters at two ends and a main body section with larger diameter at the middle part, wherein a central hole is arranged on the end surface of the supporting section at the rear end, and the processing method comprises the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of firstly, dividing a main body section into two splicing sections which are coaxially connected, wherein the splicing sections are tubular, then welding the two splicing sections together, and the two ends of the main body section and a supporting section at the corresponding end of the main body section, so that a blank shaft which can be processed into an overweight long shaft is formed, and in the two splicing sections, a supporting block fixedly connected with the inner side wall of one splicing section is arranged in an inner hole of the splicing section;
b. two brackets capable of moving longitudinally and a rear center thimble positioned at the rear end are arranged on a lathe bed guide rail of a lathe, the two brackets are positioned at two sides of a tool rest provided with a turning tool, then a blank shaft is placed and supported on the two brackets, then the height and the horizontal position of the axis of the blank shaft are changed by adjusting the brackets, a supporting section at the front end is clamped on a chuck of a lathe head, the rear center thimble is positioned in a center hole of the supporting section at the rear end, and at the moment, the center line of the blank shaft is superposed with the rotation center of a lathe spindle;
c. moving the tool rest to a position corresponding to the supporting block, and starting to roughly machine the excircle of the section of the blank shaft to a rough turning diameter so as to form a reference section, wherein the rough turning diameter is larger than the designed diameter of the overweight long shaft of the section;
d. moving the tool rest forwards to enable the bracket at the rear end to move to the reference section and enable the bracket to be supported on the excircle of the reference section, and turning the excircle of the blank shaft forwards from the reference section to the rough turning diameter;
e. removing the support of the bracket at the rear end on the blank shaft, moving the bracket at the rear end backwards to enable the tool rest to move to the back of the reference section, moving the bracket at the front end backwards to the reference section and supporting the reference section of the blank shaft, and turning the excircle of the blank shaft backwards from the reference section to the rough turning diameter;
and f, finish turning the excircle of the billet shaft at the rear section to the designed diameter, then moving the bracket and the tool rest at the front end to the front of the reference section, moving the bracket at the rear end to the reference section forward and supporting the reference section, and then finish turning the excircle of the billet shaft from the reference section forward to the designed diameter.
Firstly, the main body section of the overweight long shaft is divided into two splicing sections which are coaxially connected, the splicing sections are circular pipes, so that the weight of the overweight long shaft can be greatly reduced, the splicing sections and the supporting ends are welded into an integrated overweight long shaft blank shaft, so that the overweight long shaft blank shaft is prevented from being manufactured through a complex casting process, the casting defects are favorably reduced, and the yield is improved. The invention has the advantages that the supporting block fixedly connected with the inner side wall of one splicing section is arranged in the inner hole of the splicing section, so that the strength and the rigidity of the blank shaft can be obviously improved on the premise of reducing the weight of the blank shaft, and the problems of deformation of the blank shaft and the like during turning of an outer circle can be avoided.
In addition, in the prior art, when an extra-heavy long shaft needs to be clamped, a blank shaft is usually hoisted above a guide rail of a lathe, one end of the blank shaft is clamped on a chuck, the other end of the blank shaft is positioned on an ejector pin at the rear end, so that two ends of the blank shaft are positioned, and a bracket is used for supporting the middle position of the blank shaft. If the weight of the billet shaft is W and the length of the billet shaft is L, a W multiplied by L/2 so-called bending moment is formed at the middle position of the billet shaft. When the front end and the rear end of the blank shaft are clamped and positioned, the middle of the blank shaft is formed into downward arc bending under the action of self-generated gravity, and the bracket only plays a role in avoiding the blank shaft from further downward arc bending. The blank shaft is firstly placed and supported on the two brackets, the position and the height of the brackets are adjusted to ensure that the central line of the blank shaft is basically superposed with the rotation center of a lathe spindle, then a bearing section at the front end of the blank shaft is clamped on a chuck of a lathe head, a rear center thimble is positioned in a central hole of the bearing section at the rear end, and the front end and the rear end of the blank shaft are positioned. That is, the blank shaft is supported and then clamped to the lathe. When the blank shaft is supported by the two brackets, the front end and the rear end of the blank shaft are suspended, and the bending moment of the blank shaft is less than (W/3) × (L/6). In this way we can minimize the bending deformation of the billet axis, especially the downward bending deformation of the middle position.
It will be appreciated that for an extra heavy shaft which is hollow inside, whether it is the outer circle turned or in actual use, the middle is the weakest point in the strength. Therefore, the supporting block can be arranged at the end part of the first splicing section, and after the second splicing section is welded, the supporting block is located in the middle of the whole blank shaft, so that the strength and rigidity of the blank shaft can be improved to the maximum extent, and the deformation generated during the turning of the excircle is avoided.
It is known that when turning the outer circle of the blank shaft, whether rough turning or finish turning, the conventional practice is to gradually turn from the front end of the blank shaft close to the chuck to the rear end of the rear ejector pin close to the tail of the machine tool, or gradually turn from the rear end of the rear ejector pin close to the tail of the machine tool to the front end of the blank shaft close to the chuck. Because overweight major axis itself has heavy weight, the long characteristics of length, therefore, even the front end is by chuck centre gripping, the rear end is fixed a position by central thimble, and its intermediate position still is the weak position of intensity and rigidity, when turning to the intermediate position of base axle, receives the effect of radial cutting force, and the base axle produces the arc bending deformation easily. Further, due to the out-of-roundness error of each segment of the blank shaft and the coaxiality error between the segments, the cutting amounts at the respective points in the circumferential direction are not uniform when the outer circle is roughly turned. That is, the rough turning may cause a jumping phenomenon, which may cause uneven stress on the one hand and a tool tipping phenomenon on the other hand. Therefore, it is common to reduce the feeding amount of the tool to reduce the cutting force, so as to ensure that the blank shaft does not bend or deform within a reasonable range, and avoid the tool chipping. Although the method can control the deformation of the blank shaft, the turning efficiency is greatly reduced.
For this purpose, the invention creatively rough turns the excircle from the middle position of the blank shaft, thereby firstly forming a reference section, the position of the reference section corresponds to the position of the supporting block, and then respectively turning the front and rear sections of excircles of the reference section. On one hand, when the datum section is turned, the supporting block can form a powerful support for the blank shaft, and deformation is avoided during turning. On the other hand, a reference section with high out-of-roundness and coaxiality accuracy can be formed, so that a bracket can be moved to the position of the reference section and supported at the reference section when the front end and the rear end of the blank shaft are turned, and the bracket is prevented from generating large jumping to cause vibration when the blank shaft rotates.
Preferably, the bracket comprises a sliding seat which is longitudinally slidably arranged on a guide rail of the machine body, and an adjusting seat which is transversely slidably arranged on the sliding seat, wherein a vertical adjusting screw is rotatably arranged on the adjusting seat, the upper part of the adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the lower end of a lifting sleeve, a backing plate and a supporting pressure spring are arranged in the lifting sleeve, a lifting rod is arranged in an opening at the upper end of the lifting sleeve, a sliding disc matched with the lifting sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the lifting rod, the upper end of the supporting pressure spring abuts against the sliding disc, the lower end of the supporting pressure spring abuts against the backing plate, a sealing plate is arranged at the upper end of the lifting sleeve, a guide hole is formed in the center of the sealing plate, the lifting rod is matched in the guide hole, the upper end of the lifting rod extending out of the;
in the step b, when the blank shaft is placed and supported on the two brackets, the supporting pressure spring is compressed, and the adjusting screw rod is rotated, so that the lifting sleeve is lifted, and the height of the axis of the blank shaft is changed; the adjusting seat is moved along the transverse direction, so that the horizontal position of the axis of the blank shaft is changed, the axis of the blank shaft is superposed with the rotation center of the lathe spindle, the supporting section at the front end of the blank shaft is clamped on a chuck of a lathe head, and the supporting section at the rear end of the blank shaft is positioned on a rear center thimble.
As mentioned above, the blank shaft has a certain out-of-roundness and coaxiality error, so that when the blank shaft rotates to start turning an outer circle, the contact point position of the pinch roller and the outer circle of the blank shaft can form a certain degree of vertical run-out. The bracket is connected with the lifting rod in a vertically sliding manner through the lifting sleeve, so that the arc-shaped supporting rod can be lifted up and down along with the change of the excircle of the blank shaft, the pressing wheel is ensured to be always tightly attached to the excircle of the blank shaft and provide reliable support for the blank shaft, and the blank shaft is prevented from being positioned by the bracket.
In particular, when the blank shaft is placed on the two carriers, the supporting compression springs in the lifting sleeve are compressed, so that an elastic force matching the supporting force required for supporting the blank shaft is automatically formed. Then, the height of the lifting sleeve can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw rod, and then the height of the arc-shaped supporting rod is adjusted, so that the central holes at the head end and the tail end of the blank shaft are matched with the heights of the thimbles on the corresponding sides. It can be understood that corresponding scale marks can be arranged on the adjusting screw rod, the scale marks correspond to the elastic force for supporting the pressure spring, the elastic force required by the supporting pressure spring is calculated according to parameters such as the weight length of the blank shaft, the adjusting screw rod is rotated to be provided with the corresponding scale marks, the blank shaft is placed on the bracket, the blank shaft at the moment can basically keep a horizontal state as high as a lathe spindle, and the clamping process of the blank shaft is facilitated.
Preferably, the bracket comprises a sliding seat which is longitudinally slidably arranged on a guide rail of the lathe bed, and an adjusting seat which is transversely slidably arranged on the sliding seat, wherein a vertical main oil cylinder body, an auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body and an auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body are arranged on the adjusting seat, the upper end of a piston rod of the main oil cylinder body is connected with the middle part of an arc-shaped supporting rod, two ends of the arc-shaped supporting rod are respectively provided with a pressing wheel, the lower parts of the main oil cylinder body, the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body are working cavities filled with hydraulic oil, the cross sections of the working cavities of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body are equal, the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body is respectively communicated with the working cavities of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body through pipelines, the upper ends of the piston rods of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body are provided with adjusting pressing blocks which can be adjusted between the minimum, a one-way valve communicated towards the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body is arranged on a pipeline connecting the main oil cylinder body and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body;
in the step b, firstly, a regulating pressing block with the maximum weight is placed on the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body piston rod, a regulating pressing block with the minimum weight is placed on the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body piston rod, and when the blank shaft is placed on the arc-shaped supporting rods of the two brackets and abuts against the pinch roller, the height of the blank shaft is regulated through the following steps: the weight of the adjusting pressing block on the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body is reduced, so that hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body enters the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body to reduce the height of the blank shaft, the weight of the adjusting pressing block on the piston rod of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body is increased, and the hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body enters the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body to lift the height of the blank shaft;
in the step c-e, when the blank shaft rotates to start to round the outer circle of the rough wheel, the contact point of the blank shaft and the pinch roller jumps in the up-down direction, if the contact point moves downwards, the pressure of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body rises, and hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body enters the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body through the one-way valve; if the contact point moves upwards, the pressure of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body is reduced, and hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body enters the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body through the one-way valve.
As an alternative, the bracket of the present invention includes a main oil cylinder, an auxiliary oil intake cylinder, and an auxiliary oil discharge cylinder, which are arranged side by side. Firstly, the weight of a blank shaft which needs to be born by the bracket can be calculated, then the corresponding configuration weight of the adjusting pressing block is calculated, an additional weight is added to the maximum weight on the basis of the configuration weight, and the additional weight is reduced to the minimum weight. When the blank shaft is placed on the arc-shaped supporting rods of the two brackets, pressure is formed in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body, the pressure is greater than the pressure of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body and less than the pressure of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body, hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body cannot reversely enter the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body due to the single-phase conduction action of the one-way valve, and hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body cannot reversely enter the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body. Of course, the piston rod of the main oil cylinder body is in the highest state, and the axis of the blank shaft is higher than that of the lathe spindle.
At the moment, the weight of the adjusting pressing block of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body can be gradually reduced until the pressure of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body is slightly smaller than that of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body, at the moment, hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body slowly flows into the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body, the arc-shaped supporting rod on the piston rod of the main oil cylinder body gradually descends, and then the axis of the blank shaft gradually descends to be as high as the axis of the lathe spindle. When the axis of the blank shaft is lower than the axis of the lathe spindle, the weight of the adjusting pressing block on the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body can be gradually increased until the pressure intensity of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body is slightly larger than that of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body, at the moment, hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body slowly flows into the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body, the arc-shaped supporting rod on the piston rod of the main oil cylinder body gradually moves upwards, and then the axis of the blank shaft is gradually lifted to be equal to the axis of the lathe spindle.
That is to say, we can conveniently adjust the height of arc vaulting pole through the weight of change adjusting the briquetting, ensure that the axis of blank axle is the same height with the axis of lathe main shaft. Particularly, when the outer circle of the blank shaft begins to be rough when the blank shaft rotates, if the outer circle of the blank shaft has errors such as out-of-roundness, coaxiality and the like, the contact point position of the pinch roller and the outer circle of the blank shaft can form vertical jumping to a certain degree. When the contact point jumps downwards, the pressure in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body rises, and hydraulic oil enters the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body; when the contact point upwards beats, the pressure in the main oil cylinder body working chamber descends, and the hydraulic oil in the supplementary oil feed cylinder body working chamber supplyes the working chamber that enters into the main oil cylinder body, ensures on the one hand that the bracket forms reliable support to the blank axle all the time, and on the other hand compares the support of spring, and hydraulic cylinder body has certain damping effect, produces vibration when can avoiding the turning effectively.
Preferably, the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body is communicated with the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body through a balance pipeline, and a stop valve is arranged on the balance pipeline.
When continuous turning, the hydraulic oil in the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body working cavity can be gradually increased, and the hydraulic oil in the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body working cavity can be gradually reduced. At the moment, the stop valve can be opened, so that the pressure intensity of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body is equal to that of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body, and at the moment, hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body can flow back into the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body, so that the hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body is level to that of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body.
Preferably, a hinge seat is arranged in the middle of the arc-shaped stay bar, a spherical cavity is arranged in the hinge seat, a rectangular jack extending upwards to the spherical center of the spherical cavity is arranged on the lower end face of the hinge seat, two short sides of the rectangular jack are tangent to the spherical cavity, a rotating disc is arranged in the spherical cavity and comprises two parallel circular end faces and an annular matching side face connected between the edges of the two circular end faces, the height of the rotating disc is smaller than the width of the rectangular jack, the matching side face is a spherical face matched with the spherical cavity, a connecting hole penetrating through the two circular end faces is arranged in the center of the rotating disc, a conical positioning hole extending upwards and penetrating through the spherical cavity is arranged on the lower end face of the hinge seat, the diameter of the small end at the upper end of the positioning hole is larger than the width of the rectangular jack, and the, the lifting rod is in threaded connection with a conical positioning sleeve with the upper part matched in the positioning hole.
It is known that when the front and rear ends of the blank shaft are clamped in place, the two brackets supporting the blank shaft are only subjected to vertical pressure, and no lateral forces are applied. The middle part of the arc-shaped stay bar is provided with a hinge seat, and a spherical surface is arranged in the hinge seat to be matched with a rotating disc. Therefore, the upper end of the lifting rod connected in the connecting hole of the rotating disc can be hinged with the arc-shaped stay bar. When the excircle of the blank shaft has out-of-roundness and coaxiality errors, the arc-shaped supporting rod can change the position in a self-adaptive manner, so that two pressing wheels on the arc-shaped supporting rod are ensured to be always tightly attached to the excircle of the blank shaft, and the same supporting force is formed.
It should be noted that the lifting rod of the invention is in threaded connection with a conical positioning sleeve the upper part of which is matched in the conical positioning hole. In this way, the hinge seat and the arc-shaped stay bar can be ensured to be in a vertical state. When the blank shaft is supported on the two brackets, the upright arc-shaped supporting rod can effectively support the blank shaft, so that the inclination of the arc-shaped supporting rod after being pressed is avoided. When the front end and the rear end of the blank shaft are clamped and positioned, the positioning sleeve can be rotated reversely to enable the positioning sleeve to be separated from the positioning hole, and the hinged seat and the arc-shaped support rod can swing 360 degrees relative to the upper end of the lifting rod. Since the billet shaft cannot move transversely at this time, the arc-shaped stay bar can be ensured to be in a vertical state at this time so as to provide enough vertical supporting force. When the blank shaft rotates to start to rough the outer circle of the blank shaft, if the outer circle of the blank shaft has out-of-roundness and coaxiality errors, the arc-shaped support rod can freely swing transversely, so that the bracket is effectively prevented from forming over-positioning on the blank shaft.
Particularly, the height of the rotating disc is smaller than the width of the rectangular jack, so that during assembly, the axis of the rotating disc is approximately perpendicular to the axis of the positioning hole, the thickness of the rotating disc is placed in the rectangular jack until the center of the rotating disc coincides with the center of the spherical cavity, then the rotating disc rotates 90 degrees around the diameter of the rotating disc, the axis of the rotating disc is approximately coincident with the axis of the positioning hole, the upper end of the lifting rod can be conveniently connected into the connecting hole of the rotating disc, on one hand, the upper end of the lifting rod is hinged with the arc-shaped support rod, on the other hand, the rotating disc can be prevented from automatically falling out of the spherical cavity, and the assembly of the lifting rod and the arc-shaped support rod is greatly facilitated.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the coaxiality of the shafts and the turning precision can be obviously improved, and the processing efficiency is favorably improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of the bracket.
Fig. 3 is another structural schematic view of the bracket.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the lifting rod and the arc-shaped stay rod.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of the hinge base.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises an overweight long shaft 11, a supporting section 111, a central hole 12, a main body section 121, a splicing section 122, a supporting block 2, a bracket 21, a sliding seat 22, an adjusting seat 23, an adjusting screw 24, a lifting sleeve 241, a sealing plate 25, a base plate 26, a supporting compression spring 27, a lifting rod 271, a sliding disc 3, a rear center thimble 4, a tool rest 5, an arc-shaped supporting rod 51, a pinch roller 6, a main oil cylinder body 61, an auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body 62, an auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body 63, an adjusting pressing block 7, a hinged seat 71, a spherical cavity 72, a rectangular jack 73, a positioning hole 8, a rotating disc 81, a positioning sleeve 9 and a lathe bed guide.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for machining an overweight long shaft, where the overweight long shaft 1 includes a support section 11 with smaller diameters at two ends and a main body section 12 with a larger diameter at the middle, and a central hole 111 is formed in an end surface of the support section, the overweight long shaft in this embodiment is a rotating shaft for thermal power generation, the shaft length is 10m, the diameter of the support section is 300mm, the diameter of the main body section is 750mm, and the material is 316 stainless steel, and a double-guide-rail lathe is used for turning, and the method for machining the overweight long shaft specifically includes the following steps:
a. the main body section is divided into two coaxially connected splicing sections 121, each splicing section is a circular tube with the wall thickness of 40mm-60mm, a circular supporting block 122 fixedly connected with the inner side wall of one splicing section is arranged in an inner hole at the end part of the splicing section, the two splicing sections are coaxially welded to form the main body section, two ends of the main body section and a supporting section at the corresponding end are welded together, and therefore a blank shaft capable of being processed into an overweight long shaft is formed, and the supporting block is located in the middle of the main body section. It can be understood that we can divide the main body section into n splicing sections, and set up n-1 supporting blocks to further improve the strength and rigidity of the main body section;
b. two brackets 2 capable of moving longitudinally and a rear center thimble 3 positioned at the rear end are arranged on a lathe bed guide rail 9 of a lathe, the two brackets are positioned at two sides of a tool rest 4 provided with a turning tool, then a blank shaft is hoisted above the lathe bed guide rail and is placed and supported on the two brackets, then the height and the horizontal position of the axis of the blank shaft are changed by adjusting the brackets, so that a supporting section at the front end of the blank shaft is clamped on a chuck of a lathe head, the rear center thimble is positioned in a center hole of the supporting section at the rear end, and at the moment, the center line of the blank shaft coincides with the rotation center of a lathe spindle. It should be noted that the chuck of the lathe head may be a three-jaw chuck or a four-jaw chuck, and the lathe is preferably a numerically controlled lathe. In addition, the two brackets are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the blank shaft at the position of about one third of the length, namely, the two brackets approximately divide the blank shaft into a head section, a middle section and a tail section with basically consistent lengths, so that the bending deformation of the blank shaft when the blank shaft is supported on the brackets is reduced to the maximum extent. In addition, a front center thimble can be arranged on a main shaft of the bed head, and a center hole is arranged on a supporting section at the front end, so that the front end and the rear end of the blank shaft can be conveniently centered;
c. and moving the tool rest to the position corresponding to the support block in the middle of the blank shaft, and starting to roughly lathe the excircle of the blank shaft to the rough lathe diameter, so as to form a reference section, wherein the axis of the reference section is superposed with the axis of the lathe spindle. Of course, the rough turning diameter is larger than the designed diameter of the overweight long shaft of the section;
d. and moving the tool rest forwards to avoid the reference section, releasing the support of the bracket at the rear end on the blank shaft, then moving the bracket at the rear end to the reference section, enabling the bracket to be supported on the excircle of the reference section again, and turning the excircle of the blank shaft forwards to the rough turning diameter from the reference section of the tool rest. Of course, the carriage of the front section should now be moved to the forwardmost end of the bed guide in order to interfere with the tool holder. Because the front section of the blank shaft is added on the chuck of the bed head and the middle part is supported on the rear bracket, the suspension length is one half of the total length, thereby obviously improving the bending strength and rigidity of the blank shaft. When the support of the blank shaft by the bracket at the rear end is released, the front bracket positioned at one third of the length of the front section of the blank shaft supports the blank shaft, so that the bending deformation of the reference section positioned at one half of the length of the blank shaft can be controlled within a very small range;
e. and removing the support of the bracket at the rear end on the blank shaft, moving the bracket at the rear end backwards and re-supporting the blank shaft, moving the tool rest backwards to enable the tool rest to be positioned behind the reference section, removing the support of the bracket at the front end on the blank shaft, moving the bracket at the front end to the reference section and supporting the bracket on the reference section, and turning the excircle of the blank shaft backwards from the reference section to the rough turning diameter. It should be noted that, when the tool post is close to the bracket at the rear end, the bracket at the rear end can be moved backwards continuously, so that the interference with the tool post is avoided;
and f, finish turning the excircle of the billet shaft at the rear section to the designed diameter, then moving the rear tool rest of the bracket at the front end forward to move the tool rest to the front of the reference, moving the bracket at the rear end forward to the reference section and supporting the reference section of the billet shaft, and then finish turning the excircle of the billet shaft forward to the designed diameter from the reference section.
The invention divides the main body section of the overweight long shaft into the splicing section formed by two round pipes, thereby reducing the weight of the overweight long shaft, avoiding the overweight long shaft from being manufactured by a complex casting process, being beneficial to reducing the casting defects and improving the yield. It is known that such an extra-heavy long shaft for thermal power generation needs to have high strength and rigidity, and the support blocks in the splicing section can significantly improve the strength and rigidity of the blank shaft, so as to avoid the problems of deformation of the blank shaft during turning of an outer circle and the like.
In addition, the blank shaft is firstly placed and supported on the two brackets, then the supporting section at the front end of the blank shaft is clamped on the chuck of the machine head, and the supporting section at the rear end is positioned on the rear center thimble, so that the length of the blank shaft suspension section can be greatly shortened, and the bending deformation during clamping is further remarkably reduced.
Particularly, the outer circle of the blank shaft is firstly roughly turned at the middle position of the blank shaft creatively, so that a reference section with high out-of-roundness and coaxiality is formed, and then the front and rear outer circles of the reference section are respectively turned, so that when the front and rear sections of the blank shaft are turned, the bracket can be moved to the position of the reference section and supported at the reference section, and the bracket is prevented from generating large jumping to cause vibration when the blank shaft rotates.
Preferably, a three-rail lathe is used, so that interference with the carriage when moving the tool holder is avoided, and three carriages can be provided, of which the front and rear ones support the blank shaft and the middle one is the replacement carriage. When one of the supporting brackets needs to be moved, the replacing bracket can be moved to the side of the supporting bracket to support the blank shaft, then the supporting bracket is contacted with the supporting bracket to support the state of the art, and the blank shaft is moved to the required position, so that the blank shaft can be reliably supported by the two brackets all the time.
In the present embodiment, the side of the lathe where the lathe head is provided is referred to as a front side and a front end, the side where the rear center thimble is provided is referred to as a rear side and a rear end, the front-rear direction is referred to as a longitudinal direction, and the side perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is referred to as a lateral direction.
As a preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 2, the bracket includes a sliding seat 21 longitudinally slidably disposed on the bed guide rail 9, an adjusting seat 22 transversely slidably disposed on the sliding seat, a vertical adjusting screw 23 rotatably disposed on the adjusting seat, an upper portion of the adjusting screw is in threaded connection with a lower end of a lifting sleeve 24, a backing plate 25 and a supporting pressure spring 26 are disposed in the lifting sleeve, a lifting rod 27 is disposed in an upper opening of the lifting sleeve, a sliding plate 271 adapted to the lifting sleeve is disposed at a lower end of the lifting rod, an upper end of the supporting pressure spring abuts against the sliding plate, a lower end of the supporting pressure spring abuts against the backing plate, a sealing plate 241 is disposed at an upper end of the lifting sleeve, a guide hole is disposed at a center of the sealing plate, the lifting rod is adapted in the guide hole, an upper end of the lifting rod extending out of the sealing plate is connected with a middle portion of an arc-shaped.
In step b, when the blank shaft is placed and supported on the two brackets, the supporting pressure spring is compressed, and the lifting rod moves downwards, so that an elastic force matched with the supporting force required for supporting the blank shaft is automatically formed. The lifting sleeve can be lifted by rotating the adjusting screw rod, so that the height of the blank shaft is lifted or lowered, and the height of the axis of the blank shaft is changed to be equal to the height of the center of the lathe spindle; then the adjusting seat is moved along the transverse direction, so that the horizontal position of the axis of the blank shaft is changed, the axis of the blank shaft is superposed with the rotation center of the lathe spindle, the supporting section at the front end of the blank shaft is clamped on a chuck of a lathe head, and the supporting section at the rear end of the blank shaft is positioned on a rear center thimble.
When the blank shaft rotates to start turning the excircle, the contact point position of the pinch roller and the excircle of the blank shaft can jump up and down to a certain degree, the arc-shaped support rod can move up and down along with the change of the excircle of the blank shaft, so that the pinch roller is ensured to be tightly attached to the excircle of the blank shaft all the time and provide reliable support for the blank shaft, and the blank shaft is prevented from being positioned by the bracket.
It can be understood that the elasticity required by the supporting pressure spring can be calculated according to the weight and other parameters of the blank shaft, so that a proper supporting pressure spring is selected, and corresponding scale marks can be arranged on the adjusting screw rod to enable the scale marks to correspond to the elasticity of the supporting pressure spring, so that the elasticity of the supporting pressure spring can be judged visually, and the height of the blank shaft can be adjusted quickly.
As another preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 3, the bracket comprises a sliding seat longitudinally slidably disposed on the bed guide rail, and an adjusting seat laterally slidably disposed on the sliding seat, wherein the adjusting seat is vertically provided with a main cylinder body 6, an auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body 61, and an auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body 62 side by side, the lower parts of the main cylinder body, the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body, and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body are working chambers filled with hydraulic oil, the upper end of a piston rod of the main cylinder body is connected with the middle part of an arc-shaped stay bar, two ends of the arc-shaped stay bar are respectively provided with a pressing wheel, the cross sections of the working chambers of the auxiliary oil inlet and outlet cylinder bodies are equal, the working chamber of the main cylinder body is communicated with the working chamber of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body through an oil inlet pipeline, the working chamber of the main cylinder body is communicated with the working chamber of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body through an oil outlet pipeline, the upper end of the piston rod of the auxiliary, thereby make and adjust the briquetting and can adjust between minimum weight and maximum weight, be equipped with the check valve that switches on towards the main oil cylinder body on the oil inlet pipeline of connecting the main oil cylinder body and supplementary oil feed cylinder body, be equipped with the check valve that switches on towards supplementary oil cylinder body on the oil outlet pipeline of connecting the main oil cylinder body and supplementary oil cylinder body. That is to say, hydraulic oil can get into the main oil cylinder body by supplementary oil feed cylinder body, and the hydraulic oil of the main oil cylinder body can get into supplementary oil cylinder body.
In the step b, firstly, an adjusting pressing block with the maximum weight is placed on a piston rod of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body, an adjusting pressing block with the minimum weight is placed on the piston rod of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body, when the blank shaft is placed on the arc-shaped supporting rods of the two brackets and abuts against the pressing wheel, the pressure intensity of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body is larger than that of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body and smaller than that of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body, due to the action of the one-way valve on the oil inlet pipeline, hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body cannot reversely enter the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body, and hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body cannot. The height of the blank shaft can be adjusted by the following steps: the weight of the adjusting pressing block on the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body is gradually reduced, so that the pressure of a working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body is slightly smaller than that of a working cavity of the main oil cylinder body, and at the moment, hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body enters the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body through a one-way valve on an oil outlet pipeline to reduce the height of a blank shaft; or the weight of the adjusting pressing block on the piston rod of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body is gradually increased, so that the pressure intensity of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body is greater than that of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body, and at the moment, the hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body enters the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body through the one-way valve on the oil inlet pipeline to lift the height of the blank shaft. It should be noted that, when the height of the blank shaft is close to the height of the main shaft of the lathe, the weight change value of the adjusting pressing block can be reduced to slow down the lifting speed of the blank shaft until the blank shaft is stably stopped at the position with the same height as the main shaft. In addition, the weights of the adjusting pressing blocks on the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body can be respectively adjusted, so that the pressure of the working cavities of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body, the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body and the main oil cylinder body is basically consistent when the blank shaft is positioned. In addition, the cross sections of the working cavities of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body can be far smaller than that of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body, so that the weight of the adjusting pressing block can be reduced as much as possible under the same pressure.
In the steps c to e, when the blank shaft rotates to start to round the outer circle of the rough wheel, the contact point of the blank shaft and the pinch roller jumps in the up-down direction, if the contact point moves downwards, the pressure of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body rises, and hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body enters the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body through a one-way valve on the oil outlet pipeline; if the contact point moves upwards, the pressure of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body is reduced, and hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body enters the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body through the one-way valve.
Furthermore, the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body is communicated with the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body through a balance pipeline, and a stop valve capable of controlling on-off is arranged on the balance pipeline.
When continuous turning, the hydraulic oil in the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body working cavity can be gradually increased, and the hydraulic oil in the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body working cavity can be gradually reduced. At the moment, the stop valve can be opened, so that the pressure intensity of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body is equal to that of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body, and at the moment, hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body can flow back into the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body, so that the hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body is level to that of the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body.
In order to facilitate the connection between the lifting rod and the arc-shaped stay rod, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a hinge seat 7 may be disposed in the middle of the arc-shaped stay rod, a spherical cavity 71 is disposed in the hinge seat, a rectangular insertion hole 72 extending upward to the spherical center of the spherical cavity is disposed on the lower end surface of the hinge seat, and two short sides of the rectangular insertion hole are tangent to the spherical cavity. In addition, set up a rotating disc 8 in the spherical cavity, rotating disc includes two circular terminal surfaces that are parallel to each other, connects the annular cooperation side between the edge of two circular terminal surfaces, and the cooperation side is the sphere with spherical cavity adaptation to make rotating disc can 360 degrees rotations in spherical cavity. In addition, the center of the rotating disc is provided with a connecting hole which vertically penetrates through the two circular end faces, and the upper end of the lifting rod is in threaded connection with the connecting hole of the rotating disc, so that the upper end of the lifting rod is in ball joint with the hinged seat.
In order to place and support the blank shaft stably, a conical positioning hole 73 which extends upwards and penetrates through the spherical cavity is formed in the lower end face of the hinged seat, the diameter of the small end of the upper end of the positioning hole is larger than the width of the rectangular insertion hole, a conical positioning sleeve 81 is connected to the lifting rod in a threaded mode, the upper portion of the conical positioning sleeve is matched with the positioning hole, therefore, the upper end of the lifting rod is rotatably connected with the hinged seat, when the blank shaft is placed on the arc-shaped support rod, the lifting rod and the positioning sleeve are prevented from swinging in the rectangular insertion hole, and the arc-shaped support rod is prevented from inclining relative to the lifting rod. When the front end and the rear end of the blank shaft are clamped and positioned, the positioning sleeve can be rotated reversely, so that the positioning sleeve moves downwards to be separated from the positioning hole, and the hinged seat and the arc-shaped stay bar can swing 360 degrees relative to the upper end of the lifting rod. Since the billet shaft cannot move transversely at this time, the arc-shaped stay bar can be ensured to be in a vertical state at this time so as to provide enough vertical supporting force. When the blank shaft rotates to start to rough the outer circle of the blank shaft, if the outer circle of the blank shaft has out-of-roundness and coaxiality errors, the arc-shaped support rod can freely swing transversely, so that the bracket can be effectively prevented from forming over-positioning on the blank shaft.
In particular, the height of the rotating disk can be smaller than the width of the rectangular insertion hole, so that the axis of the rotating disk is approximately perpendicular to the axis of the positioning hole when the rotating disk is assembled, and the width side edge of the rectangular insertion hole is tangent to the spherical cavity, so that the length of the rectangular insertion hole is equal to the diameter of the spherical cavity. At the moment, the height of the rotating disk is smaller than the width of the rectangular jack, and the outer diameter of the rotating disk is equal to the length of the rectangular jack. The thickness of the rotating disk can be placed in the rectangular jack until the sphere center of the rotating disk is overlapped with the sphere center of the spherical cavity, and at the moment, the matching side face of the rotating disk is attached to the spherical cavity. Then the rotating disc rotates 90 degrees around the diameter of the rotating disc, the axis of the rotating disc is approximately overlapped with the axis of the positioning hole, and then the upper end of the lifting rod can be conveniently connected in the connecting hole of the rotating disc, on one hand, the upper end of the lifting rod is hinged with the arc-shaped stay bar, meanwhile, the rotating disc can be prevented from automatically falling out of the spherical cavity, and the assembly of the lifting rod and the arc-shaped stay bar is greatly facilitated.
Claims (5)
1. A processing method of an overweight long shaft comprises a supporting section with smaller diameters at two ends and a main body section with larger diameter at the middle part, and a central hole is arranged on the end surface of the supporting section at the rear end, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of firstly, dividing a main body section into two splicing sections which are coaxially connected, wherein the splicing sections are tubular, then welding the two splicing sections together, and the two ends of the main body section and a supporting section at the corresponding end of the main body section, so that a blank shaft which can be processed into an overweight long shaft is formed, and in the two splicing sections, a supporting block fixedly connected with the inner side wall of one splicing section is arranged in an inner hole of the splicing section;
b. two brackets capable of moving longitudinally and a rear center thimble positioned at the rear end are arranged on a lathe bed guide rail of a lathe, the two brackets are positioned at two sides of a tool rest provided with a turning tool, then a blank shaft is placed and supported on the two brackets, then the height and the horizontal position of the axis of the blank shaft are changed by adjusting the brackets, a supporting section at the front end is clamped on a chuck of a lathe head, the rear center thimble is positioned in a center hole of the supporting section at the rear end, and at the moment, the center line of the blank shaft is superposed with the rotation center of a lathe spindle;
c. moving the tool rest to a position corresponding to the supporting block, and starting to roughly machine the excircle of the section of the blank shaft to a rough turning diameter so as to form a reference section, wherein the rough turning diameter is larger than the designed diameter of the overweight long shaft of the section;
d. moving the tool rest forwards to enable the bracket at the rear end to move to the reference section and enable the bracket to be supported on the excircle of the reference section, and turning the excircle of the blank shaft forwards from the reference section to the rough turning diameter;
e. removing the support of the bracket at the rear end on the blank shaft, moving the bracket at the rear end backwards to enable the tool rest to move to the back of the reference section, moving the bracket at the front end backwards to the reference section and supporting the reference section of the blank shaft, and turning the excircle of the blank shaft backwards from the reference section to the rough turning diameter;
and f, finish turning the excircle of the billet shaft at the rear section to the designed diameter, then moving the bracket and the tool rest at the front end to the front of the reference section, moving the bracket at the rear end to the reference section forward and supporting the reference section, and then finish turning the excircle of the billet shaft from the reference section forward to the designed diameter.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carriage includes a slide base longitudinally slidably disposed on the bed guide, an adjusting seat which can be transversely arranged on the sliding seat in a sliding way, a vertical adjusting screw rod is rotatably arranged on the adjusting seat, the upper part of the adjusting screw rod is in threaded connection with the lower end of a lifting sleeve, a backing plate and a supporting pressure spring are arranged in the lifting sleeve, a lifting rod is arranged in an opening at the upper end of the lifting sleeve, a sliding disc matched with the lifting sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the lifting rod, the upper end of the supporting pressure spring is pressed against the sliding disc, the lower end of the supporting pressure spring is pressed against the, a sealing plate is arranged at the upper end of the lifting sleeve, a guide hole is formed in the center of the sealing plate, the lifting rod is matched in the guide hole, the upper end of the lifting rod extending out of the sealing plate is connected with the middle part of an arc-shaped support rod, and two ends of the arc-shaped support rod are respectively provided with a pressing wheel;
in the step b, when the blank shaft is placed and supported on the two brackets, the supporting pressure spring is compressed, and the adjusting screw rod is rotated, so that the lifting sleeve is lifted, and the height of the axis of the blank shaft is changed; the adjusting seat is moved along the transverse direction, so that the horizontal position of the axis of the blank shaft is changed, the axis of the blank shaft is superposed with the rotation center of the lathe spindle, the supporting section at the front end of the blank shaft is clamped on a chuck of a lathe head, and the supporting section at the rear end of the blank shaft is positioned on a rear center thimble.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a sliding seat longitudinally slidably disposed on the guide rail of the machine tool, an adjusting seat laterally slidably disposed on the sliding seat, the adjusting seat is provided with a vertical main oil cylinder, an auxiliary oil inlet cylinder and an auxiliary oil outlet cylinder, the upper end of the piston rod of the main oil cylinder is connected to the middle of an arc-shaped stay bar, two ends of the arc-shaped stay bar are respectively provided with a pressing wheel, the lower parts of the main oil cylinder, the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder are working chambers filled with hydraulic oil, the cross sections of the working chambers of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder are equal, the working chamber of the main oil cylinder is respectively communicated with the working chambers of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder through a pipeline, the upper ends of the piston rods of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder are provided with adjusting blocks capable of adjusting between the minimum weight and the maximum weight, a one-way valve communicated towards the main oil cylinder body is arranged on a pipeline connecting the main oil cylinder body and the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body, and a one-way valve communicated towards the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body is arranged on a pipeline connecting the main oil cylinder body and the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body;
in the step b, firstly, a regulating pressing block with the maximum weight is placed on the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body piston rod, a regulating pressing block with the minimum weight is placed on the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body piston rod, and when the blank shaft is placed on the arc-shaped supporting rods of the two brackets and abuts against the pinch roller, the height of the blank shaft is regulated through the following steps: the weight of the adjusting pressing block on the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body is reduced, so that hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body enters the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body to reduce the height of the blank shaft, the weight of the adjusting pressing block on the piston rod of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body is increased, and the hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body enters the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body to lift the height of the blank shaft;
in the step c-e, when the blank shaft rotates to start to round the outer circle of the rough wheel, the contact point of the blank shaft and the pinch roller jumps in the up-down direction, if the contact point moves downwards, the pressure of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body rises, and hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body enters the working cavity of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder body through the one-way valve; if the contact point moves upwards, the pressure of the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body is reduced, and hydraulic oil in the working cavity of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder body enters the working cavity of the main oil cylinder body through the one-way valve.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the working chamber of the auxiliary oil inlet cylinder and the working chamber of the auxiliary oil outlet cylinder are connected via a balance line, and the balance line is provided with a stop valve.
5. The method as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the middle of the arc-shaped stay bar is provided with a hinge seat, a spherical cavity is provided in the hinge seat, the lower end surface of the hinge seat is provided with a rectangular insertion hole extending upward to the center of the spherical cavity, two short sides of the rectangular insertion hole are tangent to the spherical cavity, a rotating disc is provided in the spherical cavity, the rotating disc comprises two parallel circular end surfaces, and an annular matching side surface connected between the edges of the two circular end surfaces, the height of the rotating disc is smaller than the width of the rectangular insertion hole, the matching side surface is a spherical surface matched with the spherical cavity, the center of the rotating disc is provided with a connecting hole penetrating through the two circular end surfaces, the lower end surface of the hinge seat is provided with a conical positioning hole extending upward and penetrating through the spherical cavity, the small end diameter of the upper end of the positioning, the upper end of the lifting rod penetrates through the positioning hole and is connected in the connecting hole of the rotating disc, and the upper part of the lifting rod is in threaded connection with a conical positioning sleeve of which the upper part is matched in the positioning hole.
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| CN113859470A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-31 | 渤海造船厂集团有限公司 | Shape-preserving device and method for curved-surface sheet part |
| CN114769643A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-22 | 山西风源机械制造有限公司 | Clamping device for machining slender shaft and numerical control cyclone milling machine tool |
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| CN111250733B (en) | 2021-01-19 |
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Inventor after: Wang Mingzheng Inventor after: Yang Kongli Inventor after: Xiao Lili Inventor after: Ren Zhihua Inventor after: Qi Shirang Inventor after: Lou Jiehe Inventor after: Liu Xiaoxi Inventor after: Chen Rui Inventor after: Zheng Chengfeng Inventor after: Wu Zhonghua Inventor after: Zhang Linhai Inventor after: Gu Jipin Inventor after: Hu Lingcui Inventor after: Pu Lianjie Inventor after: Chen Xianghuo Inventor after: Chen Jianping Inventor after: Liang Yun Inventor after: Pu Enshan Inventor after: Guo Xiaoxian Inventor after: Zhai Xiao Inventor after: Liu Xiuting Inventor after: Zhang Jianxin Inventor after: Tian Huajun Inventor after: Chen Shuming Inventor before: Ren Zhihua Inventor before: Pu Lianjie Inventor before: Chen Xianghuo Inventor before: Chen Jianping Inventor before: Liang Yun Inventor before: Qi Shirang Inventor before: Lou Jiehe Inventor before: Liu Xiaoxi Inventor before: Chen Rui Inventor before: Zheng Chengfeng Inventor before: Wu Zhonghua Inventor before: Zhang Linhai Inventor before: Hu Lingcui |
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Effective date of registration: 20210106 Address after: 102400 Beifang, Xinzhen, Fangshan District, Beijing Applicant after: China Institute of Atomic of Energy Address before: 311504 Hongqi South Road, the Fuchun River Town, Tonglu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 99 Applicant before: ZHEJIANG FUCHUNJIANG HYDROPOWER EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. |
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