CN111250256A - Method for selectively grinding and floating and separating copper and lead and zinc in copper smelting blowing slag - Google Patents

Method for selectively grinding and floating and separating copper and lead and zinc in copper smelting blowing slag Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111250256A
CN111250256A CN202010095187.3A CN202010095187A CN111250256A CN 111250256 A CN111250256 A CN 111250256A CN 202010095187 A CN202010095187 A CN 202010095187A CN 111250256 A CN111250256 A CN 111250256A
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copper
grinding
zinc
slag
lead
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李东波
康金星
郭亚光
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China ENFI Engineering Corp
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China ENFI Engineering Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B7/00Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for selectively grinding, floating and separating copper and lead zinc in copper smelting blowing slag. The method comprises the following steps: selectively grinding ore and separating coarse copper particles by classification, and selectively floating and separating copper-containing minerals and iron silicate minerals containing lead and zinc. Compared with the prior art, the method for selectively grinding and floating separating the copper and the lead and the zinc in the copper smelting blowing slag fully utilizes the grinding characteristics and the surface chemical property difference of all components in the copper slag, adopts multi-stage ore grinding-grading to pre-recover coarse-grained copper, and realizes the effective separation of the copper and the lead and the zinc in the copper slag by inhibiting the floatation separation of iron silicate minerals. The method has the advantages of low cost, simple process, stable performance and strong adaptability to the converting copper slag with high copper grade.

Description

Method for selectively grinding and floating and separating copper and lead and zinc in copper smelting blowing slag
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for selectively grinding, floating and separating copper and lead zinc in copper smelting blowing slag.
Background
When a smelting-converting process is adopted for copper smelting at home and abroad, converting slag is mostly adopted to return to the process for re-smelting, lead and zinc are easily enriched to fayalite minerals in the smelting-converting process, converting slag with high lead and zinc content is accumulated along with the increase of the cycle times of the converting slag, and the converting slag is directly used as a cold charge to return to the copper smelting process, so that the smelting efficiency of the whole copper smelting process is seriously influenced. Therefore, the problem of separating copper minerals from lead-zinc minerals in the high-lead-zinc copper smelting converter slag needs to be solved urgently.
For the copper smelting converter slag, the copper-containing grade is generally higher than 3%, and the content of coarse-grained clear copper in the smelting slag is positively correlated with the copper grade in the slag. The coarse-grained bright copper is difficult to crush and grind due to high hardness and good toughness. Aiming at the problem that the slag of the copper smelting converter contains a large amount of coarse-grained bright copper, the treatment capacity of a ball mill is reduced, fine grinding is further enhanced, and the application of double medicines is usually adopted on site to deal with the problem. The main minerals in the copper smelting blowing slag are iron-containing minerals, most of which are iron-containing olivine, and a small amount of which are magnetic iron oxide minerals, wherein most of Pb, Zn, Ni and a small amount of Cu are easy to react with Fe and SiO2Reaction enriched in fayalite mineral (Me (Pb, Zn, Ni) FeSiO4) In (1). The fayalite is a material which is easy to break and grind and difficult to float and recycle.
At present, the processing method of the copper smelting blowing slag mainly comprises a beneficiation method and a reduction method. Among them, the reduction method consumes much energy and generates harmful gases. The research and production examples of the beneficiation test of the copper smelting blowing slag are reported more, but the separation of copper and iron is considered as the main part, and the separation of copper, lead and zinc in the converter slag is ignored. For example, in the patent "magnetic suspension combined beneficiation method for recovering copper from copper smelting converter slag (CN 102294297 a)", copper slag is treated by adopting a magnetic separation-flotation combined process, although the copper recovery rate can reach 96.69%, the problem of separation of copper from lead and zinc is neglected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for selectively grinding, floating and separating copper, lead and zinc in copper smelting blowing slag, and aims to solve the technical problem that the separation of copper, lead and zinc is not realized in the copper smelting blowing slag treatment in the prior art.
In order to achieve the aim, according to one aspect of the invention, a method for selectively grinding and floating and separating copper and lead and zinc in copper smelting blowing slag is provided. The method comprises the following steps: selectively grinding ore and separating coarse copper particles by classification, and selectively floating and separating copper-containing minerals and iron silicate minerals containing lead and zinc.
Further, the method comprises the step of crushing the raw copper smelting slag before selectively grinding ore and separating coarse copper particles in a grading way, and comprises the following steps: crushing the original copper smelting slag, returning and crushing products with the particle size of more than 2mm through screening separation or directly outputting the products as copper concentrate, and sending crushed materials with the particle size of less than 2mm into the working procedures of selective ore grinding and coarse particle copper grading separation.
Further, the steps of selectively grinding ore and separating coarse copper particles in a grading way comprise: feeding the crushed materials into a ball mill for primary grinding, carrying out primary grading on the primary ground ore discharge with the thickness of 0.3-0.1 mm, carrying out secondary grinding on the primary graded overflow in a first fine grinding machine, carrying out secondary grading on the secondary ground ore discharge with the thickness of 0.1-0.074 mm, feeding the secondary graded overflow into a second fine grinding machine for tertiary grinding, carrying out tertiary grading on the tertiary ground ore discharge with the thickness of 0.074-0.038 mm, and directly taking the return sand obtained by primary grading, secondary grading and tertiary grading as a copper concentrate product.
Further, controlling the concentration of the ore pulp overflowing from the tail end of the third grading to be 35-55% and entering a selective flotation process.
Furthermore, collecting agents are not added or are not added in an underdose manner in the flotation agent adopted in the selective flotation process, and the collecting agents are added according to the stoichiometric requirement of the copper-containing minerals in the feed materials or only foaming agents are added to carry out limited flotation on the copper-containing minerals; the ferrosilicate inhibitor is added in sufficient quantity.
Further, the foaming agent is No. 2 oil or methyl isobutyl carbinol, the collector is a floating copper collector, the floating copper collector is ethyl xanthate, butyl xanthate or Z-200, and the inhibitor is water glass, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carbonate or phosphate.
Further, the selective flotation process is based on the principle of inhibiting lead and zinc from floating copper, roughing-scavenging for multiple times are sequentially carried out, flotation concentrates are combined into copper concentrates, and scavenging tailings are iron silicate minerals containing lead and zinc.
Further, the selective grinding is performed by rod milling or ball milling.
And further, classifying and separating coarse copper particles by adopting a vibrating screen or a spiral classifier.
Compared with the prior art, the method for selectively grinding and floating separating the copper and the lead and the zinc in the copper smelting blowing slag fully utilizes the grinding characteristics and the surface chemical property difference of all components in the copper slag, adopts multi-stage ore grinding-grading to pre-recover coarse-grained copper, and realizes the effective separation of the copper and the lead and the zinc in the copper slag by inhibiting the floatation separation of iron silicate minerals. The method has the advantages of low cost, simple process, stable performance and strong adaptability to the converting copper slag with high copper grade.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a process flow diagram of the copper and lead-zinc floatation separation in the copper smelting blowing slag according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The method for selectively grinding, floating and separating the copper and the lead and the zinc in the copper smelting blowing slag utilizes the characteristics that materials containing the lead and the zinc in the copper slag are easy to break and grind and copper minerals are difficult to break and grind, so that coarse bright copper in the original copper smelting slag is effectively recovered in advance, and the copper and the lead and the zinc are separated by selectively and limitedly floating the copper, so that valuable metal elements in the original copper smelting slag with different grades can be separated and recovered by a beneficiation method, and the smelting cost is obviously reduced.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a method for selectively grinding and separating copper, lead and zinc in copper smelting blowing slag is provided. The method comprises the following steps: selectively grinding ore and separating coarse copper particles by classification, and selectively floating and separating copper-containing minerals and iron silicate minerals containing lead and zinc.
Compared with the prior art, the method for selectively grinding and floating separating the copper and the lead and the zinc in the copper smelting blowing slag fully utilizes the grinding characteristics and the surface chemical property difference of all components in the copper slag, adopts multi-stage ore grinding-grading to pre-recover coarse-grained copper, and realizes the effective separation of the copper and the lead and the zinc in the copper slag by inhibiting the floatation separation of iron silicate minerals. The method has the advantages of low cost, simple process, stable performance and strong adaptability to the converting copper slag with high copper grade.
The method has good applicability for converting the copper slag, and the copper-containing grade can be selected from 1-25 percent.
In a typical embodiment of the invention, the method comprises the step of crushing raw copper smelting slag before selectively grinding ore and separating coarse copper particles in a grading way, and comprises the following steps: crushing the original copper smelting slag, returning and crushing products with the particle size of more than 2mm through screening separation or directly outputting the products as copper concentrate, and sending crushed materials with the particle size of less than 2mm into the working procedures of selective ore grinding and coarse particle copper grading separation.
Preferably, the step of selectively grinding and classifying and separating coarse copper particles comprises the following steps: feeding the crushed materials into a ball mill for primary grinding, carrying out primary grading on the primary ground ore discharge with the thickness of 0.3-0.1 mm, carrying out secondary grinding on the primary graded overflow in a first fine grinding machine, carrying out secondary grading on the secondary ground ore discharge with the thickness of 0.1-0.074 mm, feeding the secondary graded overflow into a second fine grinding machine for tertiary grinding, carrying out tertiary grading on the tertiary ground ore discharge with the thickness of 0.074-0.038 mm, and directly taking the return sand obtained by primary grading, secondary grading and tertiary grading as a copper concentrate product.
According to a typical embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the ore pulp overflowing from the tail end of the third classification is controlled to be 35-55% and enters a selective flotation process, and the concentration ratio is controlled to be directly introduced into the flotation operation without secondary size mixing and the like.
Preferably, the collector is added to the flotation reagent adopted in the selective flotation process without adding or under adding the quantity, the material of the collector is added according to the stoichiometric requirement of the copper-containing mineral in the feed material, or only the foaming agent is added to carry out the limited flotation of the copper-containing mineral; the ferrosilicate inhibitor is added in sufficient quantity to sufficiently inhibit the silicate mineral.
Preferably, the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, the collector is ethyl xanthate, butyl xanthate or Z-200, and the inhibitor is water glass, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carbonate or phosphate.
According to a typical embodiment of the invention, the selective flotation process is implemented by performing rough concentration and scavenging for multiple times in sequence on the principle of inhibiting lead and zinc from floating copper, the flotation concentrates are combined into copper concentrates, and scavenging tailings are iron silicate minerals containing lead and zinc. Preferably, the selective grinding is performed by rod milling or ball milling; and classifying and separating the coarse copper particles by adopting a vibrating screen or a spiral classifier.
In a typical embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the method for selective floating separation of copper and lead and zinc in copper smelting blowing slag sequentially comprises: (1) crushing the original copper smelting slag in granularity, separating a difficultly crushed material and an easily crushed material by screening with the granularity of 2mm, returning the difficultly crushed material to crushing or directly using the difficultly crushed material as copper concentrate, and feeding the easily crushed material into an ore grinding-grading process; (2) feeding the material under the sieve with the size of 2mm into a ball mill for primary grinding, carrying out primary classification on the material after primary grinding and ore discharge with the size of 0.3mm or 0.2mm, and overflowing the classification into a first fine grinding machine for secondary grinding; (3) performing secondary classification on the ore grinding and discharging for the second time according to the proportion of 0.154mm or 0.1mm accounting for 90%, and enabling the classified overflow to enter a second fine grinding machine for performing tertiary ore grinding; (4) carrying out tertiary classification on the ground ore and the discharged ore for the third time according to the proportion of 90 percent of the ground ore and the discharged ore of 0.074mm or 0.038mm, and enabling the classified overflow to enter a selective flotation stage; (5) returning the grading return sand in the steps (2) to (4) to the previous step or directly producing the grading return sand as copper concentrate; (6) selectively floating and separating copper and lead and zinc by using tail end grading overflow, and controlling the concentration of flotation pulp to be 35-55%; (7) the overflow pulp enters a stirring tank, a small amount of ethyl xanthate/butyl xanthate/Z-200 and No. 2 oil and sufficient iron silicate mineral inhibitor are used for size mixing, and the size mixed enters a flotation separation stage; (8) roughing-scavenging for multiple times are carried out in sequence according to the principle of inhibiting lead and zinc from floating copper, flotation concentrates are combined into copper concentrates, and iron silicate minerals containing lead and zinc mainly remain in tail scavenging tailings at the tail ends.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the advantageous effects of the present invention.
Example 1
Copper-containing 13%, lead-containing 6.8%, zinc-containing 4.3%, iron-containing 24%, SiO-containing2Crushing 34% blow smelting slag of certain copper smelting in Hubei to 2mm, grinding in a coarse ball mill for 3min, sieving in 0.2mm, fine grinding for 3min, grading in 90% of 0.074mm, and combining the product of +0.2mm and the graded return sandThe hard-crushing and grinding copper concentrate with the yields of 13.5 percent and the grades of Cu, Pb and Zn of 65 percent, 0.4 percent and 0.2 percent respectively is obtained. And a classification overflow product with the thickness of-0.074 mm accounting for 90 percent is subjected to coarse-fine flotation by using a small amount of butyl xanthate to obtain copper concentrate with the copper grade of 24.5 percent, and the recovery rates of lead and zinc in flotation tailings are 93.4 percent and 89.7 percent respectively.
Example 2
The contents of copper, lead, zinc and iron in certain copper smelting blowing slag in Henan are respectively 20.3%, 12.5%, 2.8% and 22.6%, and phase analysis of the copper slag shows that lead and zinc basically exist in iron silicate minerals and 15% of copper exists in silicate minerals. Crushing the copper converting slag, secondarily grinding the crushed copper converting slag, secondarily grading the crushed copper converting slag, and screening and grading the crushed copper converting slag by using a 0.074mm sieve to separate 35% of copper materials which are difficult to grind; and (3) enabling overflow products with the diameter of-0.074 mm to enter a flotation separation process, taking Z-200, No. 2 oil, water glass and CMC as flotation reagents, mixing and performing flotation to obtain the flotation reagent, wherein the comprehensive recovery rate of the total copper is 95%, and more than 70% of lead, zinc and iron are remained in flotation tailings.
Example 3
In the copper smelting converter slag in Hunan province, the contents of copper, lead and zinc are respectively 3.2%, 0.5% and 0.4%, 95% of copper in the copper smelting converter slag exists in the form of simple substance copper, copper minerals are uniformly distributed according to the granularity, most of the copper minerals are concentrated below-0.1 mm, and lead and zinc mainly exist in fayalite; crushing the copper smelting slag, carrying out secondary grinding and secondary grading, and grading by 0.1mm to obtain coarse-grained Cu with the yield of 33.5%; and (3) feeding the material with the thickness of-0.1 mm into a separation process of flotation by taking the ethyl xanthate and No. 2 oil as flotation agents, wherein the copper grade and the recovery rate in flotation concentrate are respectively 23.5 percent and 92.3 percent, and the lead and zinc grade is lower than 0.02 percent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method for selectively grinding and floating and separating copper and lead and zinc in copper smelting blowing slag is characterized by comprising the following steps: selectively grinding ore and separating coarse copper particles by classification, and selectively floating and separating copper-containing minerals and iron silicate minerals containing lead and zinc.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising the step of crushing raw copper slag prior to said selective grinding and classification of coarse copper particles, said step of crushing raw copper slag comprising: and crushing the original copper smelting slag, returning the product with the particle size of more than 2mm after screening and separating to the crushing or directly outputting the product as copper concentrate, and sending the crushed material with the particle size of less than 2mm to the working procedures of selective ore grinding and coarse particle copper classification and separation.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of selectively grinding and fractionally separating coarse copper particles comprises: feeding the crushed materials into a ball mill for primary grinding, carrying out primary classification on the primary ground ore discharge with the thickness of 0.3-0.1 mm, feeding the primary classified overflow into a first fine grinding machine for secondary grinding, carrying out secondary classification on the secondary ground ore discharge with the thickness of 0.1-0.074 mm, feeding the secondary classified overflow into a second fine grinding machine for tertiary grinding, carrying out tertiary classification on the tertiary ground ore discharge with the thickness of 0.074-0.038 mm, and directly taking the returned sand of the primary classification, the secondary classification and the tertiary classification as a copper concentrate product.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the end overflow pulp concentration of the third classification is controlled to be 35-55% into the selective flotation process.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the selective flotation process is conducted with no or no additional dosage of a flotation reagent added with a collector at the stoichiometric requirement for the copper-containing mineral in the feed, or with only the addition of a frother for limited flotation of the copper-containing mineral; the ferrosilicate inhibitor is added in sufficient quantity.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the frother is No. 2 oil or methyl isobutyl carbinol, the collector is a floating copper collector, the floating copper collector is ethyl xanthate, butyl xanthate or Z-200, and the inhibitor is water glass, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carbonate or phosphate.
7. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the selective flotation process is implemented by performing rougher flotation-scavenging for multiple times in sequence on the basis of inhibiting copper flotation of lead and zinc, the flotation concentrates are combined into copper concentrates, and scavenging tailings are iron silicate minerals containing lead and zinc.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the selective milling is performed by rod milling or ball milling.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the classifying coarse copper particles is performed using a vibrating screen or a spiral classifier.
CN202010095187.3A 2020-02-14 2020-02-14 Method for selectively grinding and floating and separating copper and lead and zinc in copper smelting blowing slag Pending CN111250256A (en)

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