CN111244995A - Three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111244995A CN111244995A CN202010171597.1A CN202010171597A CN111244995A CN 111244995 A CN111244995 A CN 111244995A CN 202010171597 A CN202010171597 A CN 202010171597A CN 111244995 A CN111244995 A CN 111244995A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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Abstract
A three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device comprises a rectifying unit, a reactor L and a battery control unit. The rectifying unit comprises six chained full-bridge or half-bridge units: the first chain unit H1 and the third chain unit H3 are connected in series to form a first unit group, the second chain unit H2 and the fourth chain unit H4 are connected in series to form a second unit group, the third chain unit H3 and the sixth chain unit H6 are connected in series to form a third unit group, the first unit group, the second unit group and the third unit group are connected in parallel, the upper end of the first unit group is a first voltage output end U01, and the lower end of the first unit group is a second voltage output end U02; the battery control unit comprises a seventh chain unit H7, the upper end of the seventh chain unit H7 is connected to the first voltage output end U01 through a reactor L, the lower end of the seventh chain unit H7 is connected to the second voltage output end U02, and a group of battery packs are connected in parallel to two ends of each bridge unit of the seventh chain unit H7. 1) The problem of secondary fluctuation of the direct current side of the traditional energy storage device is solved, and 2) the problem of unbalanced battery energy in the energy storage battery pack is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage converter control, in particular to a three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device and a control method thereof.
Background
In the basic topology structure of the multilevel converter, the cascaded H-bridge topology structure has the advantages of requiring the minimum number of devices, not requiring a large number of clamping diodes and flying capacitors, being easy to modularize and the like, and is considered to be more suitable for the converter of a power grid interface.
In the current traditional rectification technology, the voltage output of a power unit capacitor of a converter is mostly used, and large secondary ripple fluctuation can be generated on the capacitor in the operation process, so that the service life of a battery is shortened, and the electric energy loss is increased; meanwhile, due to individual differences, the energy balance of each battery cannot be guaranteed in the long-term operation process of the batteries in the battery pack, and therefore the single battery can be damaged in the unified charging and discharging process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device and a control method thereof, 1) the problem of secondary fluctuation of the direct current side of the traditional energy storage device is solved, and 2) the problem of unbalanced battery energy in an energy storage battery pack is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device comprises a rectifying unit, a reactor L and a battery control unit.
The rectifying unit comprises six chained full-bridge or half-bridge units: a first chain unit H1, a second chain unit H2, a third chain unit H3, a fourth chain unit H4, a fifth chain unit H5, a sixth chain unit H6; the first chain unit H1 and the third chain unit H3 are connected in series to form a first unit group, and the middle point of the series connection is connected to the first phase Ua of the three-phase alternating-current power supply; the second chain unit H2 and the fourth chain unit H4 are connected in series to form a second unit group, and the middle point of the series connection is connected to a second phase Ub of the three-phase alternating-current power supply; the third chain unit H3 and the sixth chain unit H6 are connected in series to form a third unit group, and the middle point of the series connection is connected to the third phase Uc of the three-phase alternating-current power supply; the first cell group, the second cell group and the third cell group are connected in parallel, the upper end is a first voltage output end U01, and the lower end is a second voltage output end U02.
The battery control unit comprises a chain full-bridge or half-bridge unit: and a seventh chain unit H7, the upper end of the seventh chain unit H7 is connected to the first voltage output terminal U01 via a reactor L, the lower end of the seventh chain unit H7 is connected to the second voltage output terminal U02, and a set of battery packs is connected in parallel to both ends of each bridge unit of the seventh chain unit H7.
The control method of the three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating a first direct current side voltage U01 and a second direct current side voltage U02 according to a charging set value;
and step two, dividing the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the rectifying unit into two groups for voltage and current double closed-loop control, and adding voltages at the direct current sides U01 and U02 as zero sequence voltages into an inverse PARK conversion link in a modulation wave to obtain voltage modulation instructions of the first chain unit H1 to the sixth chain unit H6 respectively.
The first step specifically comprises the following steps:
1) overall battery charge setpoint SOCrefAnd the average value SOC of all battery electric quantity feedback valuesfbk_AvgThe difference is controlled by a first proportional closed loop Kp1 to obtain the required charging and discharging current Idcref；
2) Required charge-discharge current IdcrefThe voltage drop Vdc of the two ends of the filter reactor L at the required direct current side is obtained by controlling the current feedback value Idc at the direct current side through a second proportional closed loop Kp2L；
3) The voltage drop Vdc of the two ends of the filter reactor L at the direct current side is reducedLAnd the set value Vdc of the working voltage at the direct current side of the battery packref1Adding to obtain a direct current voltage command Vdc finally output by a rectifying sideref2，Vdcref2＝Vdcref1+VdcL；
4) Direct current voltage command Vdc output from rectifying sideref2That is, the voltage difference between the dc sides U01 and U02 can be set to 0 as the second dc side voltage U02, and the first dc side voltage U01 is Vdcref2。
The second step specifically comprises the following steps:
1) taking the first chain type unit H1, the third chain type unit H3 and the fifth chain type unit H5 as an upper bridge arm group; the second chain unit H2, the fourth chain unit H4 and the sixth chain unit H6 are lower bridge arm groups;
2) three-phase voltages Ua, Ub and Uc and currents Ia1, Ib1 and Ic1 of the upper bridge arm group are subjected to PARK conversion to obtain a first active shaft voltage Ud1 and a first idle shaft voltage Uq1, then the first active shaft voltage Ud1 and the first idle shaft voltage Uq1 are subjected to PARK inverse conversion, meanwhile, the first direct current side voltage U01 is used as a zero sequence to be added into the PARK inverse conversion, and finally, a voltage modulation instruction VmodA1 of the first chain type unit H1, a voltage modulation instruction VmodA3 of the third chain type unit H3 and a voltage modulation instruction VmodA5 of the fifth chain type unit H5 are obtained through the PARK inverse conversion;
3) three-phase voltages Ua, Ub and Uc and currents Ia2, Ib2 and Ic2 of the lower bridge arm group are subjected to PARK conversion to obtain a second active shaft voltage Ud2 and a second reactive shaft voltage Uq2, then the second active shaft voltage Ud2 and the second reactive shaft voltage Uq2 are subjected to PARK inverse conversion, meanwhile, the second direct-current side voltage U02 is used as a zero sequence to be added into the PARK inverse conversion, and finally, a voltage modulation command VmodA2 of the second chain unit H2, a voltage modulation command VmodA4 of the fourth chain unit H4 and a voltage modulation command VmodA6 of the sixth chain unit H6 are obtained through the PARK inverse conversion.
The voltage modulation command of the seventh chained unit H7 is a set value Vdc of the working voltage at the direct current side of the battery packref1。
The method also comprises a method for controlling the electric quantity balance among the batteries;
the method for controlling the electric quantity balance among the batteries comprises the following steps: the 1-n bridge units connected in series in the seventh chain unit H7 control charging locking or discharging locking of the 1-n battery packs connected in parallel at the output terminals thereof, specifically as follows:
1) detecting the electric quantity SOC of all the battery packs 1-nfbk_u1---SOCfbk_un；
2) Ordering out unit addresses SOC with highest electric quantityMax_NumAnd the battery address SOC with the lowest electric quantityMin_Num；
3) When the battery pack is in a charging state, the highest-charge unit address SOC in the seventh chained unit H7Max_NumThe corresponding bridge unit locks the battery pack unit with higher battery capacity to avoid continuous charging;
when the battery pack is in a discharged state, the address SOC of the cell with the lowest power level in the seventh chain unit H7Min_NumThe corresponding bridge type unit locks the battery pack unit with lower battery capacity, so that the battery pack unit is prevented from continuously discharging, and further, the battery capacity balance is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the device can be suitable for different voltage grades based on the chain type full bridge module, the rectifying part does not adopt the conventional rectifying and capacitance filtering technology, the direct current side voltages U01 and U02 are added into the rectifying control of the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the chain type full bridge module as zero sequences, the direct current voltage is directly output by the first voltage output end U01 and the second voltage output end U02, the secondary fluctuation of the direct current side voltage is eliminated, and the power loss of the direct current side is reduced;
2) the charging voltage is directly mediated according to the charging requirement, the charging and discharging balance control of the battery is realized, the utilization rate of the energy storage battery is improved, the battery selection of the energy storage device is more flexible, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the loss is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a chain-type full bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a chain half-bridge structure connected battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows DC voltage command Vdc of the rectified side output according to the present inventionref2An output control block diagram;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the upper bridge leg group control command generation of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the lower leg group control command generation of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of the inter-cell charge balance control of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device includes a rectifying unit, a reactor L, and a battery control unit. The rectifying unit is directly connected to a power grid T-Bus, and the direct current output side of the rectifying unit is connected with the two ends of the battery control unit after being connected with the electric reactor L in series.
The rectifying unit comprises six chained full-bridge or half-bridge units: a first chain unit H1, a second chain unit H2, a third chain unit H3, a fourth chain unit H4, a fifth chain unit H5, a sixth chain unit H6; the first chain unit H1 and the third chain unit H3 are connected in series to form a first unit group, and the middle point of the series connection is connected to the first phase Ua of the three-phase alternating-current power supply; the second chain unit H2 and the fourth chain unit H4 are connected in series to form a second unit group, and the middle point of the series connection is connected to a second phase Ub of the three-phase alternating-current power supply; the third chain unit H3 and the sixth chain unit H6 are connected in series to form a third unit group, and the middle point of the series connection is connected to the third phase Uc of the three-phase alternating-current power supply; the first cell group, the second cell group and the third cell group are connected in parallel, the upper end is a first voltage output end U01, and the lower end is a second voltage output end U02.
The battery control unit comprises a chain full-bridge or half-bridge unit: and a seventh chain unit H7, the upper end of the seventh chain unit H7 is connected to the first voltage output terminal U01 via a reactor L, the lower end of the seventh chain unit H7 is connected to the second voltage output terminal U02, and a set of battery packs is connected in parallel to both ends of each bridge unit of the seventh chain unit H7.
The chain-type full-bridge and chain-type half-bridge structures are both in the prior art, and fig. 2 shows a chain-type full-bridge structure diagram of H1-H6 by taking the chain-type full-bridge structure as an example. Fig. 3 is a chain diagram of H7 and battery packs, for example, in a chain-type half-bridge configuration, in which 1-n half-bridge cells are connected in parallel with one battery pack BAT1-BATn, respectively.
The control method of the three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating a first direct current side voltage U01 and a second direct current side voltage U02 according to a charging set value;
and step two, dividing the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the rectifying unit into two groups for voltage and current double closed-loop control, and adding voltages at the direct current sides U01 and U02 as zero sequence voltages into an inverse PARK conversion link in a modulation wave to obtain voltage modulation instructions of the first chain unit H1 to the sixth chain unit H6 respectively.
As shown in fig. 4, the first step specifically includes the following steps:
1) overall battery charge setpoint SOCrefAnd the average value SOC of all battery electric quantity feedback valuesfbk_AvgThe difference is controlled by a first proportional closed loop Kp1 to obtain the required charging and discharging current Idcref；
2) Required charge-discharge current IdcrefThe voltage drop Vdc of the two ends of the filter reactor L at the required direct current side is obtained by controlling the current feedback value Idc at the direct current side through a second proportional closed loop Kp2L；
3) The voltage drop Vdc of the two ends of the filter reactor L at the direct current side is reducedLAnd the set value Vdc of the working voltage at the direct current side of the battery packref1Adding to obtain a direct current voltage command Vdc finally output by a rectifying sideref2，Vdcref2＝Vdcref1+VdcL；
4) Direct current voltage command Vdc output from rectifying sideref2That is, the voltage difference between the dc sides U01 and U02 can be set to 0 as the second dc side voltage U02, and the first dc side voltage U01 is Vdcref2。
The second step specifically comprises the following steps:
1) taking the first chain type unit H1, the third chain type unit H3 and the fifth chain type unit H5 as an upper bridge arm group; the second chain unit H2, the fourth chain unit H4 and the sixth chain unit H6 are lower bridge arm groups;
2) as shown in fig. 5, three-phase voltages Ua, Ub, Uc and currents Ia1, Ib1, Ic1 of the upper bridge arm group are subjected to PARK transformation to obtain a first active shaft voltage Ud1 and a first idle shaft voltage Uq1, then the first active shaft voltage Ud1 and the first idle shaft voltage Uq1 are subjected to PARK inverse transformation, meanwhile, the first direct current side voltage U01 is used as PARK to be added into the PARK inverse transformation, and finally, a voltage modulation command VmodA1 of the first chain unit H1, a voltage modulation command VmodA3 of the third chain unit H3 and a voltage modulation command VmodA5 of the fifth chain unit H5 are obtained through the PARK inverse transformation;
3) as shown in fig. 6, the three-phase voltages Ua, Ub, Uc and the currents Ia2, Ib2, Ic2 of the lower arm group are subjected to PARK transformation to obtain a second active shaft voltage Ud2 and a second reactive shaft voltage Uq2, then the second active shaft voltage Ud2 and the second reactive shaft voltage Uq2 are subjected to PARK inverse transformation, meanwhile, the second direct-current side voltage U02 is used as PARK to be added into the PARK inverse transformation, and finally, the voltage modulation command VmodA2 of the second chain unit H2, the voltage modulation command VmodA4 of the fourth chain unit H4 and the voltage modulation command VmodA6 of the sixth chain unit H6 are obtained through the PARK inverse transformation.
The voltage modulation command of the seventh chained unit H7 is a set value Vdc of the working voltage at the direct current side of the battery packref1。
The method also comprises a method for controlling the electric quantity balance among the batteries;
the method for controlling the electric quantity balance among the batteries comprises the following steps: the 1-n bridge units connected in series in the seventh chain unit H7 control the charging and discharging of the 1-n battery packs connected in parallel at the output terminals thereof, as shown in fig. 7, specifically as follows:
1) detecting the electric quantity SOC of all the battery packs 1-nfbk_u1---SOCfbk_un；
2) Ordering out unit addresses SOC with highest electric quantityMax_NumAnd the battery address SOC with the lowest electric quantityMin_Num；
3) When the battery pack is in a charging state, the highest-charge unit address SOC in the seventh chained unit H7Max_NumThe corresponding bridge unit locks the battery pack unit with higher battery capacity to avoid continuous charging;
when the battery pack is in a discharged state, the address SOC of the cell with the lowest power level in the seventh chain unit H7Min_NumThe corresponding bridge type unit locks the battery pack unit with lower battery capacity, so that the battery pack unit is prevented from continuously discharging, and further, the battery capacity balance is achieved.
The above embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The methods used in the above examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Claims (4)
1. A three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device is characterized by comprising a rectifying unit, a reactor L and a battery control unit;
the rectifying unit comprises six chained full-bridge or half-bridge units: a first chain unit H1, a second chain unit H2, a third chain unit H3, a fourth chain unit H4, a fifth chain unit H5, a sixth chain unit H6; the first chain unit H1 and the third chain unit H3 are connected in series to form a first unit group, and the middle point of the series connection is connected to the first phase Ua of the three-phase alternating-current power supply; the second chain unit H2 and the fourth chain unit H4 are connected in series to form a second unit group, and the middle point of the series connection is connected to a second phase Ub of the three-phase alternating-current power supply; the third chain unit H3 and the sixth chain unit H6 are connected in series to form a third unit group, and the middle point of the series connection is connected to the third phase Uc of the three-phase alternating-current power supply; the first unit group, the second unit group and the third unit group are connected in parallel, the upper end of the first unit group is a first voltage output end U01, and the lower end of the first unit group is a second voltage output end U02;
the battery control unit comprises a chain full-bridge or half-bridge unit: and a seventh chain unit H7, the upper end of the seventh chain unit H7 is connected to the first voltage output terminal U01 via a reactor L, the lower end of the seventh chain unit H7 is connected to the second voltage output terminal U02, and a set of battery packs is connected in parallel to both ends of each bridge unit of the seventh chain unit H7.
2. The method for controlling the three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
step one, calculating a first direct current side voltage U01 and a second direct current side voltage U02 according to a charging set value;
dividing the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the rectifying unit into two groups for voltage and current double closed-loop control, adding voltages at a direct current side U01 and a direct current side U02 as zero sequence voltages into an inverse PARK conversion link in a modulation wave, and obtaining voltage modulation instructions of a first chain unit H1 to a sixth chain unit H6 respectively;
the first step specifically comprises the following steps:
1) overall battery charge setpoint SOCrefAnd the average value SOC of all battery electric quantity feedback valuesfbk_AvgThe difference is passed throughControlling a proportional closed loop Kp1 to obtain the required charging and discharging current Idcref；
2) Required charge-discharge current IdcrefThe voltage drop Vdc of the two ends of the filter reactor L at the required direct current side is obtained by controlling the current feedback value Idc at the direct current side through a second proportional closed loop Kp2L；
3) The voltage drop Vdc of the two ends of the filter reactor L at the direct current side is reducedLAnd the set value Vdc of the working voltage at the direct current side of the battery packref1Adding to obtain a direct current voltage command Vdc finally output by a rectifying sideref2，Vdcref2＝Vdcref1+VdcL；
4) Direct current voltage command Vdc output from rectifying sideref2That is, the voltage difference between the dc sides U01 and U02 can be set to 0 as the second dc side voltage U02, and the first dc side voltage U01 is Vdcref2；
The second step specifically comprises the following steps:
1) taking the first chain type unit H1, the third chain type unit H3 and the fifth chain type unit H5 as an upper bridge arm group; the second chain unit H2, the fourth chain unit H4 and the sixth chain unit H6 are lower bridge arm groups;
2) three-phase voltages Ua, Ub and Uc and currents Ia1, Ib1 and Ic1 of the upper bridge arm group are subjected to PARK conversion to obtain a first active shaft voltage Ud1 and a first idle shaft voltage Uq1, then the first active shaft voltage Ud1 and the first idle shaft voltage Uq1 are subjected to PARK inverse conversion, meanwhile, the first direct current side voltage U01 is used as a zero sequence to be added into the PARK inverse conversion, and finally, a voltage modulation instruction VmodA1 of the first chain type unit H1, a voltage modulation instruction VmodA3 of the third chain type unit H3 and a voltage modulation instruction VmodA5 of the fifth chain type unit H5 are obtained through the PARK inverse conversion;
3) three-phase voltages Ua, Ub and Uc and currents Ia2, Ib2 and Ic2 of the lower bridge arm group are subjected to PARK conversion to obtain a second active shaft voltage Ud2 and a second reactive shaft voltage Uq2, then the second active shaft voltage Ud2 and the second reactive shaft voltage Uq2 are subjected to PARK inverse conversion, meanwhile, the second direct-current side voltage U02 is used as a zero sequence to be added into the PARK inverse conversion, and finally, a voltage modulation command VmodA2 of the second chain unit H2, a voltage modulation command VmodA4 of the fourth chain unit H4 and a voltage modulation command VmodA6 of the sixth chain unit H6 are obtained through the PARK inverse conversion.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the voltage modulation command of the seventh chained unit H7 is the set dc-side operating voltage Vdc of the battery packref1。
4. The control method of the three-phase multi-level high-voltage energy storage device according to claim 2, further comprising a cell-to-cell charge balance control method;
the method for controlling the electric quantity balance among the batteries comprises the following steps: the 1-n bridge units connected in series in the seventh chain unit H7 control charging locking or discharging locking of the 1-n battery packs connected in parallel at the output terminals thereof, specifically as follows:
1) detecting the electric quantity SOC of all the battery packs 1-nfbk_u1---SOCfbk_un；
2) Ordering out unit addresses SOC with highest electric quantityMax_NumAnd the battery address SOC with the lowest electric quantityMin_Num；
3) When the battery pack is in a charging state, the highest-charge unit address SOC in the seventh chained unit H7Max_NumThe corresponding bridge unit locks the battery pack unit with higher battery capacity to avoid continuous charging;
4) when the battery pack is in a discharged state, the address SOC of the cell with the lowest power level in the seventh chain unit H7Min_NumThe corresponding bridge type unit locks the battery pack unit with lower battery capacity, so that the battery pack unit is prevented from continuously discharging, and further, the battery capacity balance is achieved.
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