CN111244598B - Antenna radiation unit and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Antenna radiation unit and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111244598B CN111244598B CN202010165498.2A CN202010165498A CN111244598B CN 111244598 B CN111244598 B CN 111244598B CN 202010165498 A CN202010165498 A CN 202010165498A CN 111244598 B CN111244598 B CN 111244598B
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
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- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an antenna radiation unit and electronic equipment, which relate to the technical field of mobile communication, wherein the antenna radiation unit comprises: the PCB radiation unit, the radiation piece fixing bracket, the feed unit and the fixing piece; the radiation piece fixing bracket is used for fixing the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit together, and the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit are positioned on the same plane; a certain gap is reserved between the PCB radiating unit and the feed unit; the fixed piece is connected with the feed unit, and the PCB radiation unit comprises a first PCB substrate and a second PCB substrate which are orthogonally combined; the feed unit comprises a feed piece, the feed piece comprises a feed arm and a connecting arm connected with the feed arm, the connecting arm and the feed arm form a closed structure to form a resonant cavity of the feed piece, and the antenna radiation unit and the electronic equipment provided by the invention can effectively and remarkably expand the matching bandwidth of an antenna so as to meet the requirements of mobile communication.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna radiation unit and an electronic device.
Background
With the development of 5G mobile communication network construction, a mainstream networking mode of 2G-5G multi-network coexistence will appear in mobile communication, and the number of base stations required for networking will also increase rapidly. In general, due to the lack of resources, the site selection of a new site is difficult, and when designing an antenna for mobile communication, the antenna is required to be miniaturized, light and multi-frequency and multi-mode. Thus, multi-frequency coplanar miniaturized antennas are a common choice for the industry.
However, when the multi-frequency multi-mode and miniaturization characteristics are integrated on a pair of antennas, the problems of mutual interference between ports, narrow bandwidth and the like are brought, and the working frequency band is relatively narrow, so that the requirements of mobile communication are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, an objective of the present invention is to provide an antenna radiating unit and an electronic device, so as to alleviate the above-mentioned technical problems.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna radiating element, including: the PCB radiation unit, the radiation piece fixing bracket, the feed unit and the fixing piece; the radiation piece fixing bracket is used for fixing the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit together, and the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit are positioned on the same plane; a certain gap is reserved between the PCB radiating unit and the feed unit; the fixed piece is connected with the feed unit and used for fixing the antenna radiation unit; the PCB radiating unit comprises a first PCB substrate and a second PCB substrate, and the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are orthogonally combined; the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are printed with radiation lines with preset shapes so as to form radiation arms of the PCB radiation units; the feed unit comprises a feed piece, the feed piece comprises a feed arm and a connecting arm connected with the feed arm, and the connecting arm and the feed arm form a closed structure to form a resonant cavity of the feed piece.
Preferably, in one possible embodiment, the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are provided with a clamping portion at a central position thereof, and the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are clamped by the clamping portion.
Preferably, in one possible implementation manner, the radiation lines printed on the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are disposed at two sides of the clamping portion, so as to form a radiation arm of the PCB radiation unit.
Preferably, in one possible embodiment, the radiating arms of the PCB radiating unit include a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm, and a fourth radiating arm; the radiation arms are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the projection of the first radiation arm and the projection of the third radiation arm in the vertical direction are positioned on the same straight line, the projection of the second radiation arm and the projection of the fourth radiation arm in the vertical direction are positioned on the same straight line, and the two adjacent radiation arms are mutually perpendicular.
Preferably, in one possible implementation manner, the feeding element of the feeding unit includes a first feeding element, a second feeding element, a third feeding element and a fourth feeding element; the first power feeding piece, the second power feeding piece, the third power feeding piece and the fourth power feeding piece are sequentially arranged in four areas formed by orthogonal combination of the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate; the first power feeding piece comprises a first power feeding arm and a second power feeding arm, and a first connecting arm used for connecting the first power feeding arm and the second power feeding arm; the second feeding piece comprises a third feeding arm and a fourth feeding arm and a second connecting arm used for connecting the third feeding arm and the fourth feeding arm; the third power supply piece comprises a fifth power supply arm and a sixth power supply arm and a third connecting arm used for connecting the fifth power supply arm and the sixth power supply arm; the fourth power supply piece comprises a seventh power supply arm and an eighth power supply arm and a fourth connecting arm used for connecting the seventh power supply arm and the eighth power supply arm; the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, the third connecting arm and the fourth connecting arm respectively form a closed structure with the connected feed arms so as to form a resonant cavity of the corresponding feed piece.
Preferably, in one possible implementation manner, the first feeding arm and the eighth feeding arm are respectively located at two sides of the first radiation arm in parallel; the second feeding arm and the third feeding arm are respectively and parallelly positioned at two sides of the second radiation arm; the fourth feeding arm and the fifth feeding arm are respectively and parallelly positioned at two sides of the third radiation arm; the sixth feeding arm and the seventh feeding arm are respectively positioned at two sides of the fourth radiation arm in parallel.
Preferably, in one possible implementation manner, the antenna radiating unit further includes an impedance transformation component for feeding; the impedance transformation assembly comprises a first coaxial cable and a second coaxial cable; the outer conductor of the first coaxial cable is connected with the fourth feeding piece, and the inner conductor of the first coaxial cable is connected with the second feeding piece; the outer conductor of the second coaxial cable is connected to the first feed and the inner conductor of the second coaxial cable is connected to the third feed to energize the antenna radiating element.
Preferably, in one possible implementation manner, the radiation piece fixing bracket is provided with a groove matched with the PCB radiation unit for placing the PCB radiation unit; and a bayonet is respectively arranged on one side, close to the PCB radiating unit and the feed unit, of the radiating sheet fixing support, and is used for fixing the PCB radiating unit and the feed unit, and a certain gap is reserved between the PCB radiating unit and the feed unit.
Preferably, in one possible embodiment, the fixing member includes a balun having a predetermined height, and a balun fixing stand matched with the balun; the balun is connected with the feed unit, and the balun and the feed unit are in an integrated die-casting structure.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device is configured with an antenna, and the antenna is configured with the antenna radiation unit of the first aspect.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the antenna radiation unit and the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit can be fixed together through the radiation piece fixing bracket of the antenna radiation unit, the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate which are included by the PCB radiation unit are orthogonally combined, and the feed piece of the feed unit and the feed arm form a closed structure, so that the resonant cavity of the feed piece can be formed, and the matching bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively and obviously expanded through the matching of the resonant cavity and the PCB radiation unit, thereby meeting the requirements of mobile communication.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of an antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first PCB substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second PCB substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a PCB radiating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of polarization and vector current during operation of a feeding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of another antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a structural side view of an antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of standing-wave ratio measured curves of an antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a polarization isolation measurement curve of an antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a gain actually measured curve of an antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal plane half-power beam width actual measurement curve of another antenna radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: a 101-PCB radiating element; 102-a radiation patch fixing bracket; 103-a feed unit; 104-fixing piece; 101 a-a first PCB substrate; 101 b-a second PCB substrate; 105 a-a first clamping portion; 105 b-a second clamping portion; 501-a first radiating arm; 502-a second radiating arm; 503-a third radiating arm; 504-a fourth radiating arm; 505-radiating circuitry; 60 a-a first feed; 60 b-a second feed; 60 c-a third feed; 60 d-fourth feed; 601-a first feed arm; 602-a second feed arm; 603-a first connecting arm; 604-a third feed arm; 605-fourth feed arm; 606-a second connecting arm; 607-fifth feed arm; 608-sixth feed arm; 609-a third connecting arm; 610-seventh feed arm; 611-eighth feed arm; 612-fourth connecting arm; 801-a first coaxial cable; 802-a second coaxial cable; 803-balun; 804-balun fixed stent.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In general, integration of multi-frequency multimode and miniaturization characteristics into a pair of antennas causes problems such as interference between ports and narrow bandwidth. Therefore, the low-frequency oscillator commonly used for the multi-frequency multi-mode antenna in the industry at present comprises a bowl-shaped oscillator and a cross oscillator. The bowl-shaped vibrator can not be flexibly laid out due to the limitation of an array mode by a physical structure, and has the defects of serious interference to high-frequency signals and the like; whereas a cross element, while facilitating a compact layout of the antenna relative to a bowl-shaped element, has a relatively reduced impact on high frequency signals, its operating frequency band is relatively narrow. It is difficult to meet the coverage requirements of the frequency band of the current mobile communication.
Based on the above, the antenna radiation unit and the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively alleviate the technical problems.
For the sake of understanding the present embodiment, first, an antenna radiating element disclosed in the present embodiment will be described in detail.
In a possible implementation manner, the embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna radiating element, specifically, a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiating element shown in fig. 1, and a schematic split structural diagram of an antenna radiating element corresponding to fig. 1 shown in fig. 2, where the antenna radiating element provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a PCB (Printed Circuit Board ) radiating unit 101, a radiating patch fixing bracket 102, a feeding unit 103, and a fixing member 104.
Specifically, the radiation piece fixing bracket 102 is used to fix the PCB radiation unit 101 and the feeding unit 103 together, and, as shown in fig. 1, the PCB radiation unit 101 and the feeding unit 103 are in the same plane; a certain gap (not shown in fig. 1 and 2) is left between the PCB radiating unit 101 and the feeding unit 103; the fixing member 104 is connected to the feeding unit 103 for fixing the antenna radiating unit;
in the antenna radiating unit, as shown in fig. 2, the PCB radiating unit 101 includes a first PCB substrate 101a and a second PCB substrate 101b, and the first PCB substrate 101a and the second PCB substrate 101b are orthogonally combined.
Further, the first and second PCB substrates 101a and 101b are printed with radiation lines of a predetermined shape to constitute radiation arms of the PCB radiation unit.
The feeding unit 103 further includes a feeding member including a feeding arm and a connection arm connected to the feeding arm, and the connection arm and the feeding arm constitute a closed structure to constitute a resonant cavity of the feeding member.
In practical use, the closed structure formed by the connecting arm and the feeding arm can form a complete current path to form a resonant cavity of the feeding piece, so that a high-frequency resonant mode is generated. Therefore, when the antenna radiating unit is excited to generate a polarization phenomenon, the high-frequency resonance mode can be adjusted by adjusting the coupling gap and the area between the PCB radiating unit and the feeding unit, so that the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna can be significantly improved.
Furthermore, the effect of controlling the high-frequency resonance mode can be achieved by changing the perimeter of the whole resonant cavity, so that the working bandwidth of the antenna can be adjusted.
Therefore, in the antenna radiation unit provided by the embodiment of the invention, the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit can be fixed together through the radiation piece fixing bracket of the antenna radiation unit, the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate which are included in the PCB radiation unit are orthogonally combined, and the feed piece of the feed unit and the feed arm form a closed structure, so that the resonant cavity of the feed piece can be formed, and the matching bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively and obviously expanded through the matching of the resonant cavity and the PCB radiation unit, thereby meeting the requirements of mobile communication.
In practical use, the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are orthogonally combined, and the cross-shaped antenna radiating unit is actually formed, so that the structure is beneficial to compact layout of the antenna and the influence on high-frequency signals is relatively reduced.
Further, in order to orthogonally combine the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate, a locking portion is generally provided at a center position of the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate, and the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are locked by the locking portion to form the orthogonal combination.
Specifically, for ease of understanding, fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of a first PCB substrate, and fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a second PCB substrate.
Specifically, the clamping portions shown in fig. 3 and 4, specifically, the first clamping portion 105a shown in fig. 3 and the second clamping portion 105b shown in fig. 4 are included, and when the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are orthogonally combined through the first clamping portion 105a and the second clamping portion 105b, the above-mentioned cross-shaped PCB radiating unit can be formed.
Further, based on the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate shown in fig. 3 and 4, radiation lines printed on the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are disposed at both sides of the clamping portion to constitute radiation arms of the PCB radiation unit.
Further, fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a PCB radiating unit, specifically, fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram in which a first PCB substrate and a second PCB substrate are in an orthogonal combination state, and specifically, a radiating arm of the PCB radiating unit includes a first radiating arm 501, a second radiating arm 502, a third radiating arm 503, and a fourth radiating arm 504.
As shown in fig. 5, each radiation arm is on the same horizontal plane, and the projections of the first radiation arm 501 and the third radiation arm 503 in the vertical direction are on the same straight line, the projections of the second radiation arm 502 and the fourth radiation arm 504 in the vertical direction are on the same straight line, and the two adjacent radiation arms are perpendicular to each other.
In practical use, the structures of the first PCB substrate on two sides of the clamping portion respectively form the first radiation arm 501 and the third radiation arm 503, and the structures of the second PCB substrate on two sides of the clamping portion respectively form the second radiation arm 502 and the fourth radiation arm 504, that is, the first radiation arm and the third radiation arm are manufactured on the same PCB substrate, the second radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are manufactured on the same PCB substrate, and the two substrates are orthogonally combined together to jointly form the PCB radiation unit.
In particular, the first to fourth radiating arms may be printed on a PCB substrate made of FR4 material, or may be formed on other dielectric materials or may be all-metal radiating arms. Further, each of the radiating arms may be a double-layer circuit board or a single-layer circuit board, and when the double-layer circuit board is adopted, the radiating circuits printed on the front and back sides of the radiating arms are identical, that is, when the PCB substrate is a double-layer circuit board, the radiating circuit 505 in fig. 5 is printed on both sides of the PCB substrate by adopting the identical metal circuits. In actual use, the radiation circuit adopts a single-layer printing or double-layer printing mode, and can be set according to actual use conditions. Further, in the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the radiation line of the radiation arm is a combination of a rectangle and a bending line, and in practical use, the shape of the metal line corresponding to the radiation line of the radiation arm is not limited to the manner shown in fig. 5, and the rectangle, trapezoid, arc, bending line, etc. can all implement the above functions, and in particular, may also be set according to the practical use, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
In practical use, in order to form a resonant cavity of the feeding element, the feeding element of the feeding unit comprises a first feeding element, a second feeding element, a third feeding element and a fourth feeding element; for ease of understanding, fig. 6 shows a schematic structural view of a power feeding unit, and in particular, in fig. 6, a top view of the power feeding unit is shown.
As shown in fig. 6, the first power feeding piece 60a, the second power feeding piece 60b, the third power feeding piece 60c, and the fourth power feeding piece 60d are sequentially arranged in four areas formed by orthogonal combination of the first PCB substrate 101a and the second PCB substrate 101 b.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the first power feeding member 60a includes a first power feeding arm 601, a second power feeding arm 602, and a first connection arm 603 for connecting the first power feeding arm 601, the second power feeding arm 602;
The second power feeding member 60b includes a third power feeding arm 604, a fourth power feeding arm 605, and a second connection arm 606 for connecting the third power feeding arm 604 and the fourth power feeding arm 605;
the third power feeding member 60c includes a fifth power feeding arm 607, a sixth power feeding arm 608, and a third connection arm 609 for connecting the fifth power feeding arm 607, the sixth power feeding arm 608;
The fourth power feeding member 60d includes seventh and eighth power feeding arms 610 and 611, and fourth connecting arms 612 for connecting the seventh and eighth power feeding arms 610 and 611.
The first connecting arm 603, the second connecting arm 606, the third connecting arm 609 and the fourth connecting arm 612 form a closed structure with the connected feeding arms, so as to form a resonant cavity of the corresponding feeding piece, for example, a resonant cavity enclosed by the closed structure shown by a dotted line in fig. 6.
Specifically, based on the feeding unit shown in fig. 6, the first feeding arm 601 and the eighth feeding arm 611 are respectively located in parallel at both sides of the first radiating arm on the first PCB substrate; the second feeding arm 602 and the third feeding arm 604 are respectively located on two sides of the second radiation arm on the second PCB substrate in parallel; the fourth feeding arm 605 and the fifth feeding arm 607 are respectively positioned on two sides of the third radiation arm on the first PCB substrate in parallel; the sixth feeding arm 608 and the seventh feeding arm 610 are respectively located in parallel at two sides of the fourth radiating arm on the second PCB substrate.
And one side of each feeding arm close to the orthogonal position of the first PCB substrate 101a and the second PCB substrate 101b is connected to the fixing piece, and at one end far from the fixing piece, the first feeding arm and the second feeding arm are connected by using the first connecting arm; connecting the third feeding arm with the fourth feeding arm by using the second connecting arm; the fifth feeding arm and the sixth feeding arm are connected by the third connecting arm, and the seventh feeding arm and the eighth feeding arm are connected by the fourth connecting arm.
That is, the first to fourth power feeding members together constitute the power feeding unit. And a gap is reserved between the feed unit and the PCB radiation unit, and the PCB radiation piece is subjected to coupling feed through the gap.
Further, for ease of understanding, fig. 7 also shows a polarization of the feeding unit and its operating vector current schematic based on the feeding unit shown in fig. 6.
As shown in fig. 7, taking the +45° polarization as an example, when the +45° polarization is excited, the third feeding arm 604, the fourth feeding arm 605, the seventh feeding arm 610 and the eighth feeding arm 611 generate currents in the same direction, couple energy to the first, second, third and fourth radiating arms through the slits, and cause the first, second, third and fourth radiating arms to generate currents in the same direction, so as to synthesize +45° polarized radiation.
It can also be observed from fig. 7 that the currents on the second connecting arm 606 cancel each other out and do not participate in the radiation; the currents on the fourth connecting arm 612 cancel each other out and do not participate in the radiation. In addition, the first feeding arm 601 induces a current with a direction opposite to that of the current on the first radiating arm, the second feeding arm 602 induces a current with a direction opposite to that of the current on the second radiating arm, and because of the existence of the first connecting arm 603, a closed current loop can be formed on the first feeding member, so that the current loop does not participate in radiation; similarly, a current in the opposite direction to the current in the third radiating arm is induced in the fifth feeding arm 607, and a current in the opposite direction to the current in the fourth radiating arm is induced in the sixth feeding arm 608, and because of the third connecting arm 609, a closed current loop can be formed in the third feeding member, and radiation is not involved.
At this time, the first power feeding member and the third power feeding member correspond to ring resonators, that is, constitute a resonant cavity, and resonate in a high-frequency mode; similarly, when-45 ° polarization is excited, the current directions on the first, second, third, and fourth radiation arms are the same, and-45 ° direction polarized radiation is synthesized. At this time, the second connecting arm 606 and the fourth connecting arm 612 correspond to ring resonators, and resonate in a high-frequency mode. By adjusting the coupling gap and area between the PCB radiating element and the feeding element, the high frequency resonant mode can be adjusted, thereby significantly improving the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna.
In practical use, the shape of the connecting arm in the feeding member may be arc-shaped, or other structures capable of forming a closed shape with the corresponding feeding arm, so that a complete current path can be formed, thereby forming the effect of the resonator. By changing the circumference of the whole resonator, the effect of controlling the high-frequency resonance mode can be achieved, thereby adjusting the working bandwidth of the antenna.
Further, the antenna radiating unit further includes an impedance transformation component for feeding; specifically, the schematic structural diagram of another antenna radiating element shown in fig. 8 and the schematic structural diagram of the split antenna radiating element shown in fig. 9 include an impedance transformation component in addition to the structures shown in fig. 1 and 2.
Specifically, the impedance transformation assembly comprises a first coaxial cable 801 and a second coaxial cable 802;
in actual use, the outer conductor of the first coaxial cable 801 is connected to the fourth feeding member, and the inner conductor of the first coaxial cable 801 is connected to the second feeding member;
The outer conductor of the second coaxial cable 802 is connected to the first feed and the inner conductor of the second coaxial cable 802 is connected to the third feed to energize the antenna radiating element.
In practical use, the impedance transformation assembly may not only perform a feeding function, but also perform an impedance matching function, and, in order to avoid interference and facilitate production and assembly, the first coaxial cable and the second coaxial cable generally have a height difference from a welding position of the feeding member, that is, the first coaxial cable 801 and the second coaxial cable 802, which are different in height, are shown in a structural side view of an antenna radiation unit shown in fig. 10.
In general, the impedance transformation component may be a 50ohm coaxial cable, or may be a coaxial cable with other characteristic impedance values for feeding, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, specifically, based on practical use.
In addition, in order to enable the PCB radiating unit and the feeding unit to form the structure shown in fig. 1 or 2, the radiating-sheet fixing bracket is generally provided with a recess matching the PCB radiating unit for placing the PCB radiating unit.
Specifically, a bayonet is respectively arranged on one side of the radiation piece fixing bracket, which is close to the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit, and the bayonet is used for fixing the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit, and a certain gap is reserved between the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit.
Further, the radiation patch panel holder is usually made of an insulating material, such as a plastic material. The PCB radiating unit is fixed with the feed unit through the radiating fin fixing bracket. The fixing support is provided with a groove for placing the PCB radiating unit, and a bayonet is arranged on the fixing support and is capable of fixing the PCB radiating unit and the feeding unit on the same plane and keeping a certain gap.
Further, in the antenna radiating unit shown in fig. 8 and 9, the fixing member includes a balun 803 of a predetermined height, and a balun fixing stand 804 matched to the balun.
Specifically, the balun is connected with the feed unit, and the balun and the feed unit are in an integrated die-casting structure. The integral die-cast structure may have one side of each feed arm near the orthogonal position of the first and second PCB substrates 101a and 101b connected to the balun.
In practical use, the height of the balun is usually one quarter wavelength, the feeding unit and the balun adopt a metal integrated die-casting structure, and the metal material can be good conductors such as copper, aluminum and the like. The metal integrated die-casting structure is beneficial to production and processing and improves the strength of the antenna, and the four connecting arms further play a role in enhancing the structural stability.
For easy understanding, fig. 11 to fig. 14 are schematic diagrams illustrating actual measurement results of the performance of the antenna radiating element according to the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a standing-wave ratio actual measurement curve of the embodiment, and in combination with the polarization schematic diagram shown in fig. 7, it can be seen that the antenna radiating unit satisfies the standing-wave ratio VSWR < 1.5 in the working bandwidth of 698MHz to 960MHz, the consistency of the two polarizations is better, and it can also be observed that the antenna radiating unit has two resonant modes in the working bandwidth. Wherein the high frequency resonant mode is generated by the gap between the feed unit and the PCB radiating unit in the embodiment of the present invention, and the low frequency resonant mode is generated by the PCB radiating unit itself. The high and low resonant modes together contribute to the wideband nature of the antenna.
Fig. 12 shows a graph of actually measured polarization isolation of the embodiment, specifically, fig. 12 shows a test result of polarization isolation in a frequency band of 698 to 960MHz, and the polarization isolation in the whole working frequency band is less than-35.6 dB, which shows that the polarization isolation of the antenna radiation unit in the embodiment of the invention is very good.
Fig. 13 and fig. 14 respectively show graphs of actual measurement curves of gains of antenna radiating elements in an operating frequency band, and graphs of actual measurement results of half power beamwidths of horizontal planes of the antenna radiating elements, as shown in fig. 13 and fig. 14, gains in frequency bands of 698 to 960MHz are all above 8.2dBi, half power beamwidths of horizontal planes are 70.8 ° ± 3.6 °, and half power beamwidths in the whole frequency bands are very convergent.
In summary, the antenna radiating unit provided by the embodiment of the invention can additionally generate a high-frequency resonance mode by utilizing the coupling formed by the gap between the PCB radiating unit and the feed unit, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is further expanded, and in the feed unit, one ends of four pairs of feed arms far away from the balun are connected by utilizing four connecting arms to form four annular structures. The matching bandwidth of the antenna is further extended by its resonance effect. Meanwhile, the structure increases the strength of the balun and the feed unit, reduces manufacturing errors, and also increases the adaptability of working in outdoor variable weather environments. In addition, a coaxial cable with a certain length is used as an impedance converter, so that the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna is further adjusted. In summary, various ways are introduced to reduce the impedance matching difficulty of the antenna.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device is configured with an antenna, and specifically, the antenna is configured with the antenna radiation unit described in the above embodiment.
The electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same technical characteristics as the antenna radiating unit provided by the embodiment, so that the same technical problems can be solved, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the electronic device described above may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing embodiment, which is not described herein again.
In addition, in the description of embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art in specific cases.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, but not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. An antenna radiating element, the antenna radiating element comprising: the PCB radiation unit, the radiation piece fixing bracket, the feed unit and the fixing piece;
The radiation piece fixing bracket is used for fixing the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit together, and the PCB radiation unit and the feed unit are positioned on the same plane; a certain gap is reserved between the PCB radiating unit and the feed unit; the fixing piece is connected with the feed unit and used for fixing the antenna radiation unit;
the PCB radiation unit comprises a first PCB substrate and a second PCB substrate, and the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are orthogonally combined;
The first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are printed with radiation lines with preset shapes so as to form radiation arms of the PCB radiation units;
The power supply unit comprises a power supply piece, wherein the power supply piece comprises a power supply arm and a connecting arm connected with the power supply arm, and the connecting arm and the power supply arm form a closed structure so as to form a resonant cavity of the power supply piece;
The first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate are respectively provided with a clamping part at the central positions, and are clamped through the clamping parts;
The radiating arms of the PCB radiating unit comprise a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm;
The radiation arms are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the projection of the first radiation arm and the projection of the third radiation arm in the vertical direction are positioned on the same straight line, the projection of the second radiation arm and the projection of the fourth radiation arm in the vertical direction are positioned on the same straight line, and the two adjacent radiation arms are mutually vertical;
the power feeding piece of the power feeding unit comprises a first power feeding piece, a second power feeding piece, a third power feeding piece and a fourth power feeding piece;
The first power feeding piece, the second power feeding piece, the third power feeding piece and the fourth power feeding piece are sequentially arranged in four areas formed by orthogonal combination of the first PCB substrate and the second PCB substrate;
The first power feeding piece comprises a first power feeding arm and a second power feeding arm, and a first connecting arm is used for connecting the first power feeding arm and the second power feeding arm;
The second feeding piece comprises a third feeding arm and a fourth feeding arm, and a second connecting arm is used for connecting the third feeding arm and the fourth feeding arm;
the third power feeding piece comprises a fifth power feeding arm and a sixth power feeding arm, and a third connecting arm is used for connecting the fifth power feeding arm and the sixth power feeding arm;
The fourth feeding piece comprises a seventh feeding arm and an eighth feeding arm, and a fourth connecting arm used for connecting the seventh feeding arm and the eighth feeding arm;
The first connecting arm, the second connecting arm, the third connecting arm and the fourth connecting arm respectively form a closed structure with the connected feed arms so as to form a resonant cavity of the corresponding feed piece;
The first feed arm and the eighth feed arm are respectively positioned at two sides of the first radiation arm in parallel;
the second feeding arm and the third feeding arm are respectively and parallelly positioned at two sides of the second radiation arm;
the fourth feeding arm and the fifth feeding arm are respectively and parallelly positioned at two sides of the third radiation arm;
the sixth feeding arm and the seventh feeding arm are respectively and parallelly positioned at two sides of the fourth radiation arm.
2. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, wherein the radiating traces printed on the first and second PCB substrates are disposed on both sides of the clip portion to form radiating arms of the PCB radiating element.
3. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, further comprising an impedance transformation component for feeding;
the impedance transformation assembly includes a first coaxial cable and a second coaxial cable;
the outer conductor of the first coaxial cable is connected with the fourth feed element, and the inner conductor of the first coaxial cable is connected with the second feed element;
The outer conductor of the second coaxial cable is connected to the first feed, and the inner conductor of the second coaxial cable is connected to the third feed to excite the antenna radiating element.
4. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, wherein the radiating patch mounting bracket is provided with a recess matching the PCB radiating element for placement of the PCB radiating element;
the radiating sheet fixing support is provided with bayonets on one sides close to the PCB radiating units and the feeding units respectively, wherein the bayonets are used for fixing the PCB radiating units and the feeding units, and a certain gap is reserved between the PCB radiating units and the feeding units.
5. The antenna radiating element of claim 1, wherein the fixture comprises a balun of a predetermined height and a balun-mounting stand mated to the balun;
the balun is connected with the feed unit, and the balun and the feed unit are of an integrated die-casting structure.
6. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device is provided with an antenna radiation unit according to any one of claims 1-5.
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| CN202010165498.2A CN111244598B (en) | 2020-03-11 | 2020-03-11 | Antenna radiation unit and electronic equipment |
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| CN202010165498.2A CN111244598B (en) | 2020-03-11 | 2020-03-11 | Antenna radiation unit and electronic equipment |
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| US6252553B1 (en) * | 2000-01-05 | 2001-06-26 | The Mitre Corporation | Multi-mode patch antenna system and method of forming and steering a spatial null |
| CN205790384U (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-12-07 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Bipolarization antenna for base station |
| CN107394367A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-24 | 广东曼克维通信科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave half module substrate integrated wave guide circular polarized antenna unit and array antenna |
| CN209357914U (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-09-06 | 摩比科技（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of radiating element, antenna and aerial array |
| CN211480268U (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-09-11 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Antenna radiation unit and electronic equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6252553B1 (en) * | 2000-01-05 | 2001-06-26 | The Mitre Corporation | Multi-mode patch antenna system and method of forming and steering a spatial null |
| CN205790384U (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-12-07 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Bipolarization antenna for base station |
| CN107394367A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-24 | 广东曼克维通信科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave half module substrate integrated wave guide circular polarized antenna unit and array antenna |
| CN209357914U (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-09-06 | 摩比科技（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of radiating element, antenna and aerial array |
| CN211480268U (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-09-11 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Antenna radiation unit and electronic equipment |
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