CN111240084B - Display panel and display device - Google Patents

Display panel and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111240084B
CN111240084B CN202010218622.7A CN202010218622A CN111240084B CN 111240084 B CN111240084 B CN 111240084B CN 202010218622 A CN202010218622 A CN 202010218622A CN 111240084 B CN111240084 B CN 111240084B
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display panel
electrode
layer
substrate
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CN111240084A (en
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凌安恺
沈柏平
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Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136209—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix, incorporated in the active matrix substrate, e.g. structurally associated with the switching element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134345—Subdivided pixels, e.g. for grey scale or redundancy

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a display panel and a display device. The display panel includes: the array substrate comprises a pixel electrode, wherein the pixel electrode comprises at least two sub-electrodes and a sub-electrode connecting part; the color film substrate comprises a first shading structure, the first shading structure is provided with a plurality of openings, and each opening comprises at least two domains and a boundary area located at the boundary of the adjacent domains; a liquid crystal layer; the second shading structure is arranged on the array substrate and/or the color film substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second shading structure on the color film substrate is overlapped with the boundary area; and the photosensitive units comprise collimation holes and photosensitive elements, the collimation holes are arranged in the second shading structure, the photosensitive elements are arranged on the array substrate, and the orthographic projections of the photosensitive elements on the color film substrate are overlapped with the orthographic projections of the collimation holes on the color film substrate. According to the display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention, under the same actual aperture ratio, the actual liquid crystal efficiency of the display panel is higher, and the light transmittance is higher.

Description

Display panel and display device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of display, in particular to a display panel and a display device.
Background
Due to uniqueness and rapidness, the fingerprint identification technology is widely applied to terminal equipment such as mobile phones and tablet computers and serves as a safety identification means for functions such as unlocking, payment and message confirmation.
In the terminal equipment, a fingerprint identification technology is integrated in the display panel, so that the fingerprint identification capability is provided while the effective display area of the display panel is not reduced. The existing display panel usually integrates an optical fingerprint recognition unit, i.e. a photosensitive unit. The light emitted from the display panel is reflected by the surface of the finger and enters the display panel again to be received by the photosensitive unit. The photosensitive unit can generate different identification information according to the difference of the valley and the ridge of the finger grain on the light reflection, so that different finger grain information can be identified.
In the prior art, when the photosensitive unit is integrated on the display panel, the photosensitive unit is usually located at one side of the pixel, and the actual liquid crystal efficiency of the display panel is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a display panel and a display device, wherein a junction area with low liquid crystal efficiency originally is used as an integrated area of a photosensitive unit, so that the actual liquid crystal efficiency of the display panel can be improved.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel, which includes: the array substrate comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in rows and columns, each pixel electrode comprises at least two sub-electrodes and a sub-electrode connecting part for connecting the at least two sub-electrodes with each other, and the extending directions of two adjacent sub-electrodes in the same pixel electrode are different from each other; the color film substrate is arranged opposite to the array substrate and comprises a first shading structure, the first shading structure is provided with a plurality of openings corresponding to the pixel electrodes respectively, each opening comprises at least two domains and a boundary area positioned at the boundary of the adjacent domains, the orthographic projection of each sub-electrode of each pixel electrode on the color film substrate is overlapped with each domain area of the corresponding opening in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the orthographic projection of the sub-electrode connecting part of each pixel electrode on the color film substrate is overlapped with the boundary area of the corresponding opening in a one-to-one correspondence mode; the liquid crystal layer is clamped between the array substrate and the color film substrate; the second shading structure is arranged on the array substrate and/or the color film substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second shading structure on the color film substrate is overlapped with the boundary area; and the photosensitive units comprise collimation holes and photosensitive elements, the collimation holes are arranged in the second shading structure, the photosensitive elements are arranged on the array substrate, and the orthographic projections of the photosensitive elements on the color film substrate are overlapped with the orthographic projections of the collimation holes on the color film substrate.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, which includes the display panel according to any one of the foregoing embodiments of the one aspect of the present invention and a backlight module disposed opposite to the display panel.
According to the display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention, the display panel is integrated with the photosensitive unit, so that the display panel has light sensing performance, and further, related photosensitive capability such as fingerprint identification is realized. The sensitization unit includes collimation hole and sensitization component, and wherein, the collimation hole sets up on the second shading structure with pixel open-ended interface district overlap, and sensitization component position corresponds with collimation hole to the interface district that will originally liquid crystal efficiency is lower utilizes for the integrated area of sensitization unit, thereby more multizone spare on display panel arranges pixel open-ended domain, and the liquid crystal efficiency of domain is higher. Under the same actual aperture ratio, the actual liquid crystal efficiency of the display panel is higher, and the light transmittance is higher.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the figures thereof, and which are not to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view illustrating a first light shielding structure in a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a pixel electrode in a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an array substrate in a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an array substrate in a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
It will be understood that when a layer, region or layer is referred to as being "on" or "over" another layer, region or layer in describing the structure of the component, it can be directly on the other layer, region or layer or intervening layers or regions may also be present. Also, if the component is turned over, one layer or region may be "under" or "beneath" another layer or region.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a Display panel, which may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) panel, and the Display panel of the embodiments of the present invention may be presented in various forms, some examples of which will be described below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along a-a direction in fig. 1. It should be noted that fig. 1 shows a structure of an area occupied by one pixel of the display panel 1000, but the display panel 1000 may actually include a plurality of pixels. The display panel 1000 includes an array substrate 100, a color filter substrate 200, and a liquid crystal layer 300. The liquid crystal layer 300 is sandwiched between the array substrate 100 and the color filter substrate 200.
The array substrate 100 includes a plurality of pixel electrodes 110 arranged in rows and columns. Each pixel electrode 110 includes at least two sub-electrodes 111a and 111b and a sub-electrode connecting portion 112 connecting the at least two sub-electrodes 111a and 111b to each other, and extending directions of adjacent two sub-electrodes 111a and 111b in the same pixel electrode 110 are different from each other.
The color filter substrate 200 is disposed opposite to the array substrate 100. The color filter substrate 200 includes a first light shielding structure 210. The first light shielding structure 210 has a plurality of openings OP corresponding to the plurality of pixel electrodes 110, and each opening OP includes at least two domains DR1 and DR2 and a boundary region JA located at a boundary between adjacent domains. In fig. 1, the boundary of each opening OP is shown by a thick solid line, and the boundary lines between the domain regions DR1 and DR2 and the boundary region JA are shown by thick broken lines. The orthographic projections of the sub-electrodes 111a and 111b of the pixel electrode 110 on the color filter substrate 200 are overlapped with the domain areas DR1 and DR2 corresponding to the openings OP in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the orthographic projections of the sub-electrode connecting portions 112 of the pixel electrode 110 on the color filter substrate 200 are overlapped with the boundary areas JA corresponding to the openings OP in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The second light shielding structure 400 is disposed on the array substrate 100 and/or the color filter substrate 200. The orthographic projection of the second shading structure 400 on the color film substrate 200 is overlapped with the interface area JA. In this embodiment, taking the second light shielding structure 400 as an example, in other embodiments, the second light shielding structure 400 may also be disposed on the array substrate 100, or the second light shielding structure 400 is disposed on both the array substrate 100 and the color filter substrate 200.
The photosensitive unit 500 includes a collimating hole 510 and a photosensitive element 520. The collimating hole 510 is disposed in the second light shielding structure 400. The photosensitive element 520 is disposed on the array substrate 100, and an orthogonal projection of the photosensitive element 520 on the color filter substrate 200 overlaps an orthogonal projection of the alignment hole 510 on the color filter substrate 200.
According to the display panel 1000 of the embodiment of the invention, the display panel 1000 is integrated with the photosensitive unit 500, so that the display panel 1000 has a light sensing performance, and further realizes related photosensitive capability such as fingerprint identification. The light sensing unit 500 includes a collimating hole 510 and a light sensing element 520, wherein the collimating hole 510 is disposed on the second light shielding structure 400 overlapped with the boundary region JA of the pixel opening OP, and the light sensing element 520 is located corresponding to the collimating hole 510, so as to utilize the boundary region JA with low liquid crystal efficiency as an integrated region of the light sensing unit 500, and thus, the domain regions DR1 and DR2 of the pixel opening OP are arranged in more than one region on the display panel 1000, and the liquid crystal efficiency of the domain regions DR1 and DR2 is higher. Under the same actual aperture ratio, the actual liquid crystal efficiency of the display panel 1000 is higher, and the transmittance of light is higher.
One of the array substrate 100 and the color filter substrate 200 may include a common electrode (not shown), and an electric field is generated between the common electrode and the pixel electrode 110, so that liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 300 are rotated and converted, and thus the pixels are converted between a black state and a white state, and the display panel 1000 realizes display. Taking the example that the display panel is a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) display panel, the common electrode is disposed on the array substrate 100, wherein the common electrode and the pixel electrode 110 may be insulated from each other by a passivation layer. When a voltage is applied to the common electrode and the pixel electrode 110, a fringe field is generated between the pixel electrode 110 and the common electrode, so that liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 300 are rotated and converted in a plane parallel to the color film substrate 200, thereby controlling the light transmittance of each pixel and realizing image display.
In the embodiment, the pixel electrode 110 is a two-domain structure, and the principles of other display panels including a multi-domain pixel electrode are similar to those of the embodiment and will not be described in detail.
Each of the pixel electrodes 110 includes a first sub-electrode 111a and a second sub-electrode 111 b. Each opening OP includes a first domain DR1 and a second domain DR 2. The orthographic projection of the first sub-electrode 111a on the color filter substrate 200 overlaps the corresponding first domain DR1, and the orthographic projection of the second sub-electrode 111b on the color filter substrate 200 overlaps the corresponding second domain DR 2.
In each pixel electrode 110, the first sub-electrode 111a and the second sub-electrode 111b are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the row direction X of the plurality of pixel electrodes 110, i.e., the first sub-electrode 111a and the second sub-electrode 111b are arranged in axial symmetry, wherein the symmetry axis is parallel to the row direction X of the arrangement structure formed by the pixel electrodes 110.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a first light shielding structure in a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the first light shielding structure 210 is shown with substantially one peripheral edge. In each opening OP, the first domain DR1 and the second domain DR2 are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the row direction X, that is, the first domain DR1 and the second domain DR2 are arranged in axial symmetry with the symmetry axis parallel to the row direction X of the arrangement structure formed by the pixel electrode 110.
In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the second light shielding structure 400 on the color film substrate 200 is a strip-shaped structure extending along the row direction X, and at this time, the extending direction of the second light shielding structure 400 is the same as the extending direction of the interface region JA with low liquid crystal efficiency, so that on one hand, the second light shielding structure 400 is ensured to completely shield the interface region JA, and the problem that the overall liquid crystal efficiency of each pixel is low due to exposure of a region with low liquid crystal efficiency is avoided, and on the other hand, the second light shielding structure 400 is used to regularly shield the interface region JA, so that the boundaries of the first domain DR1 and the second domain DR2 which are not shielded are neat and have the same shape, and the uniformity of display of each pixel is ensured.
According to the display panel 1000 of the above embodiment, the extending directions of the first sub-electrode 111a and the second sub-electrode 111b in the pixel electrode 110 are different, so that when the same voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 110, the liquid crystal molecules in the region corresponding to the first sub-electrode 111a are oriented differently from the liquid crystal molecules in the region corresponding to the second sub-electrode 111b, so that the pixel can transmit light from two viewing angles to the outside, thereby improving the viewing angle of the display panel 1000.
By arranging the first sub-electrode 111a and the second sub-electrode 111b in mirror symmetry and the first domain DR1 and the second domain DR2 in mirror symmetry, the areas of the first domain DR1 and the second domain DR2 of each pixel are the same, and the display brightness of the first domain DR1 and the display brightness of the second domain DR2 are the same, so that the display brightness of each pixel tends to be more consistent under different viewing angles, and the problem of uneven brightness display (mura) is reduced.
Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. In some embodiments, a dimension Y1 of the sub-electrode connection part 112 is smaller than a dimension Y3 of the second light shielding structure 400 along a column direction Y of the plurality of pixel electrodes 110 (i.e., a column direction Y of the arrangement structure formed by the pixel electrodes 110). In each pixel, the highest display brightness of the region corresponding to the sub-electrode connecting portion 112 is lower, and the dimension Y1 of the sub-electrode connecting portion 112 along the column direction Y is configured to be smaller than the dimension Y3 of the second light shielding structure 400 along the column direction Y, so that the second light shielding structure 400 can completely shield the region with the lower highest display brightness, and the display effect of each pixel is improved.
Herein, the dimension of a component in a certain direction means the length of the component parallel to the direction.
In some embodiments, along the column direction Y of the plurality of pixel electrodes 110, the dimension Y2 of the photosensitive element 520 is less than or equal to the dimension Y1 of one sub-electrode connecting portion 112, so as to ensure that the photosensitive element 520 is located in the region with lower highest display luminance (the region corresponding to the sub-electrode connecting portion 112), avoid the photosensitive element 520 occupying the region with higher highest display luminance (the region corresponding to domain DR1 and DR 2) in the pixel, and avoid the photosensitive element 520 interfering with the region with higher highest display luminance in the pixel.
In some embodiments, the dimension Y1 of the sub-electrode connection part 112 is 10 to 15 micrometers in the column direction Y of the plurality of pixel electrodes 110. When the size y1 of the sub-electrode connecting portion 112 is smaller than 10 μm, the sub-electrode connecting portion 112 is too narrow, and the liquid crystal molecules in the pixel have a low conversion rate when performing frame switching during the display process of the display panel 1000. When the size y1 of the sub-electrode connection portion 112 is larger than 15 μm, the sub-electrode connection portion 112 corresponds to a region where liquid crystal efficiency is low, and at this time, the region where liquid crystal efficiency is low in each pixel is too large, so that the maximum display luminance of the entire pixel is too low. By configuring the dimension Y1 of the sub-electrode connecting portion 112 along the column direction Y to be 10 micrometers to 15 micrometers, an area where liquid crystal efficiency is low in a pixel is prevented from being too large while ensuring a sufficient conversion rate of liquid crystal molecules during frame switching, so that the display panel 1000 has both fast responsiveness and high display luminance.
In some embodiments, the size of the collimating holes 510 is 3 to 8 micrometers along the column direction Y of the plurality of pixel electrodes 110. When the size of the collimating aperture 510 is smaller than 3 μm, the light entering amount of the collimating aperture 510 is too low, so that the photosensitivity of the photosensitive unit 500 is too low. When the size of the collimating hole 510 is larger than 8 μm, more light rays around the collimating hole 510 enter the collimating hole 510, easily causing crosstalk of photosensitive information of the photosensitive unit 500. The size of the collimating holes 510 along the column direction Y is configured to be 3 micrometers to 8 micrometers, so that the light incident amount of the collimating holes 510 is balanced, the requirement of the photosensitive amount of the corresponding photosensitive elements 520 is met, and the photosensitive sensitivity of the photosensitive unit 500 is improved while the photosensitive unit 500 is prevented from generating photosensitive information crosstalk.
Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a pixel electrode in a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 5, the first sub-electrode 111a includes a plurality of first branch electrodes BE1 parallel to each other, and the second sub-electrode 111b includes a plurality of second branch electrodes BE2 parallel to each other. Each of the sub-electrode connecting portions 112 includes a plurality of connecting units CU parallel to each other, each of the connecting units CU includes a first connection C1 and a second connection C2 mirror-symmetrically connected with respect to the row direction X, the first connection C1 is connected with the first branch electrode BE1, and the second connection C2 is connected with the second branch electrode BE 2. Wherein, the extending direction of the first connection piece C1 crosses the extending direction of the first branch electrode BE1, and the extending direction of the second connection piece C2 crosses the extending direction of the second branch electrode BE 2. In the pixel electrode 110, the adjacent first branch electrodes BE1, the adjacent second branch electrodes BE2, and the adjacent connection units CU are all arranged at intervals, so that the pixel electrode 110 has a plurality of dot hollow areas, and compared with a pixel electrode with a whole surface structure, the pixel electrode 110 of the embodiment of the invention has stronger light transmission capability, thereby improving the display brightness of the display panel 1000.
In the foregoing embodiments, the second light shielding structure 400 is disposed on the color filter substrate 200 for example, however, in some other embodiments, at least a portion of the second light shielding structure 400 may also be disposed on the array substrate 100.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an array substrate in a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. In some embodiments, the second light shielding structure 400 includes a first sub-light shielding portion 410. The first sub-shielding portion 410 is disposed on the array substrate 100 and located on the side of the photosensitive element 520 facing the color filter substrate 200. The collimating hole 510 includes a first sub-hole 511 penetrating the first sub-light shielding portion 410 in a thickness direction of the display panel 1000. The first sub-shading part 410 is a shading layer disposed on the array substrate 100, and an orthographic projection of the first sub-shading part 410 on the color filter substrate 200 overlaps the interface region JA. In this embodiment, the collimating hole 510 is a first sub-hole 511, and an orthogonal projection of the first sub-hole 511 on the color filter substrate 200 overlaps an orthogonal projection of the photosensitive element 520 on the color filter substrate 200, so that light passing through the first sub-hole 511 can be received by the photosensitive element 520, thereby implementing a photosensitive function. In the above embodiment, the alignment holes 510 (the alignment holes 510) and the photosensitive elements 520 are located on the array substrate 100, so that the alignment between the alignment holes 510 and the photosensitive elements can be completed during the manufacturing process, thereby avoiding the problem of alignment error caused by the alignment between the alignment holes 510 and the photosensitive elements during the assembly process.
It should be noted that the alignment hole 510 may not be limited to include only the first sub-hole 511, and in some other embodiments, the alignment hole 510 may further include other sub-holes disposed on the array substrate 100 and/or the color filter substrate 200, and an orthographic projection of the other sub-holes on the color filter substrate 200 overlaps with an orthographic projection of the first sub-hole 511 on the color filter substrate 200.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an array substrate in a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. The array substrate 100 includes a first substrate 120, a device layer 130, a first planarization layer 140, and a passivation layer 150. The first substrate 120 is a transparent substrate, for example, a glass substrate. The device layer 130 is located on a side of the first substrate facing the color filter substrate 200. The first planarization layer 140 is located on a side of the device layer 130 facing the color filter substrate 200. The passivation layer 150 is located on a side of the first planarization layer 140 facing the color filter substrate 200. The photosensitive element 520 is disposed on the device layer 130, and the first sub-shielding portion 410 is located between the first planarization layer 140 and the passivation layer 150, so as to ensure that the alignment hole 510 is located on the photosensitive side of the photosensitive element 520, and the passivation layer 150 covers the first sub-shielding portion 410, thereby protecting the first sub-shielding portion 410 and the first sub-hole 511.
In some embodiments, the device layer 130 includes a thin film transistor including an active layer. The device layer 130 includes a thin film transistor, which may be a thin film transistor connected to the pixel electrode 110, a thin film transistor connected to the photosensitive element 520, or a thin film transistor having another function.
For example, although not shown in the drawings, the device layer 130 may include a first thin film transistor including a first active layer on the first substrate, a gate insulating layer on the first active layer, a gate electrode on the gate insulating layer, and source and drain electrodes contacting the first active layer at both sides of the gate electrode, respectively. The gate electrode of the first thin film transistor is electrically connected to the corresponding scan line, one of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the first thin film transistor is electrically connected to the corresponding data line, and the other is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 110.
As shown in fig. 7, the device layer 130 may further include a second thin film transistor T2, and the second thin film transistor T2 includes a second active layer AL2 on the first substrate 120, a gate insulating layer on the second active layer AL2, a gate electrode on the gate insulating layer, and a source/drain electrode contacting the second active layer AL2 at a side of the gate electrode away from the photosensitive element 520. The second thin film transistor T2 is connected to the light sensing element 520.
In this embodiment, the photosensitive element 520 is a photodiode, and includes a first conductive type semiconductor layer 521 and a second conductive type semiconductor layer 522. The first conductivity type semiconductor layer 521 is located on a side of the first substrate facing the color filter substrate 200, and the second conductivity type semiconductor layer 522 is located on a side of the first conductivity type semiconductor layer 521 facing the color filter substrate 200. The first conductive type semiconductor layer 521 is disposed in the same layer as the active layer. In the present embodiment, the first conductive type semiconductor layer 521 and the first active layer of the first thin film transistor (not shown) and the second active layer AL2 of the second thin film transistor T2 are disposed in the same layer, so that they can be formed in the same patterning process, thereby improving the production efficiency.
One of the first and second conductive type semiconductor layers 521 and 522 is an N-type semiconductor layer, and the other is a P-type semiconductor layer. In some examples, the light sensing element 520 may further include an intrinsic semiconductor layer interposed between the first conductive type semiconductor layer 521 and the second conductive type semiconductor layer 522. The first conductive type semiconductor layer 521, the second conductive type semiconductor layer 522, and the intrinsic semiconductor layer may be formed of amorphous silicon or polycrystalline silicon, respectively, by doping. In some embodiments, the light sensing element 520 further includes a conductive interconnect 523 connected to the second conductive type semiconductor layer 522, and the light sensing element 520 may be connected to the operating voltage terminal through the conductive interconnect 523.
When light irradiates the photosensitive diode, micro current can be generated in the photosensitive diode, so that an optical signal is converted into an electric signal. In some embodiments, the photosensitive unit 500 is an optical fingerprint recognition unit, thereby enabling fingerprint recognition. During fingerprint recognition, light emitted from the display panel 1000 is reflected by the surface of the finger and enters the display panel 1000, and is received by the photosensitive element 520 through the collimating hole 510. The photosensitive element 520 can generate different identification information according to the difference of the valley and ridge of the finger texture on the light reflection, so that different finger texture information can be identified.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. In some embodiments, the second light shielding structure 400 includes a second sub-shielding portion 420, the second sub-shielding portion 420 is disposed on the same layer as the first light shielding structure 210, and the collimating hole 510 includes a second sub-hole 512 penetrating through the second sub-shielding portion 420 in a thickness direction of the display panel 1000. At least part of the layer structure of the second light shielding structure 400 and the first light shielding structure 210 are arranged in the same layer, so that the two light shielding structures can be conveniently formed in the same process step at the same time, and the production efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, the second light shielding structure 400 includes both the first sub-shielding portion 410 and the second sub-shielding portion 420, and the collimating aperture 510 includes both the first sub-aperture 511 and the second sub-aperture 512. The first sub-shielding portions 410 are disposed on the array substrate 100, and the first sub-holes 51 penetrate the first sub-shielding portions 410 in the thickness direction of the display panel 1000. The first sub-shading part 410 is a shading layer disposed on the array substrate 100, and the second sub-shading part 420 is a shading layer disposed on the color filter substrate 200. The orthographic projection of the first shading part 410 on the color film substrate 200 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second shading part 420 on the color film substrate 200, and both overlap with the junction area JA. The orthographic projection of the first sub-hole 511 on the color filter substrate 200 overlaps or coincides with the orthographic projection of the second sub-hole 512 on the color filter substrate 200, and both overlap the orthographic projection of the photosensitive element 520 on the color filter substrate 200.
As shown in fig. 8, the color filter substrate 200 may further include a second substrate 220, a second planarization layer 230, a color resist layer 240, and a third planarization layer 250. The second substrate 220 is located on a side of the first light shielding structure 210 facing away from the array substrate 100. The second planarization layer 230 is located on the side of the first light shielding structure 210 away from the array substrate 100. The color resistance layer 240 is located on the side of the second flat layer 230 facing the array substrate 100. The third planarization layer 250 is located on the side of the color resist layer 240 facing the array substrate 100.
In some embodiments, the second light shielding structure 400 further includes a third sub-light shielding portion 430. The third sub-shielding portions 430 are located between the second substrate 220 and the second flat layer 230. The collimating hole 510 further includes a third sub-hole 513 penetrating the third sub-light shielding portion 430 in a thickness direction of the display panel 1000. In some embodiments, the second light shielding structure 400 includes a first sub-shielding portion 410, a second sub-shielding portion 420, and a third sub-shielding portion 430, and the collimating aperture 510 includes a first sub-aperture 511, a second sub-aperture 512, and a third sub-aperture 513. The orthographic projection of the first shading part 410 on the color film substrate 200, the orthographic projection of the second shading part 420 on the color film substrate 200 and the orthographic projection of the third shading part 430 on the color film substrate 200 are mutually overlapped and are all overlapped with the junction area JA. The orthographic projection of the first sub-hole 511 on the color filter substrate 200, the orthographic projection of the second sub-hole 512 on the color filter substrate 200, and the orthographic projection of the third sub-hole 513 on the color filter substrate 200 are overlapped or superposed with each other, and are both overlapped with the orthographic projection of the photosensitive element 520 on the color filter substrate 200. By arranging the first sub-hole 511, the second sub-hole 512 and the third sub-hole 513 with overlapped or overlapped projections in the direction perpendicular to the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 520 of the display panel 1000, the collimation performance of the collimation hole 510 on light rays is improved, so that the collimation degree is higher when the light rays reach the photosensitive element 520 through the collimation hole 510, and the sensitivity of the photosensitive unit 500 for recognizing optical signals is improved.
The color filter substrate 200 further includes a fourth planarization layer 260, and the fourth planarization layer 260 is located on the side of the third planarization layer 250 facing the array substrate 100.
In some embodiments, the second light shielding structure 400 further includes a fourth sub light shielding portion 440, the fourth sub light shielding portion 440 is located between the third flat layer 250 and the fourth flat layer 260, and the collimating hole 510 further includes a fourth sub hole 514 penetrating the fourth sub light shielding portion 440 in a thickness direction of the display panel 1000.
In some embodiments, the second light shielding structure 400 includes the first sub-shielding portion 410, the second sub-shielding portion 420, the third sub-shielding portion 430 and the fourth sub-shielding portion 440 at the same time, and the collimating hole 510 includes the first sub-hole 511, the second sub-hole 512, the third sub-hole 513 and the fourth sub-hole 514 at the same time. The orthographic projection of the first shading part 410 on the color film substrate 200, the orthographic projection of the second sub shading part 420 on the color film substrate 200, the orthographic projection of the third sub shading part 430 on the color film substrate 200, and the orthographic projection of the fourth sub shading part 440 on the color film substrate 200 are mutually overlapped and are also overlapped with the intersection area JA. The orthographic projection of the first sub-hole 511 on the color filter substrate 200, the orthographic projection of the second sub-hole 512 on the color filter substrate 200, the orthographic projection of the third sub-hole 513 on the color filter substrate 200, and the orthographic projection of the fourth sub-hole 514 on the color filter substrate 200 are overlapped or superposed with each other, and are overlapped with the orthographic projection of the photosensitive element 520 on the color filter substrate 200. By arranging the first sub-hole 511, the second sub-hole 512, the third sub-hole 513 and the fourth sub-hole 514, which are overlapped or overlapped in projection, in the direction perpendicular to the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 520 of the display panel 1000, the collimation performance of the collimating hole 510 on light rays is further improved, so that the collimation degree is higher when the light rays reach the photosensitive element 520 through the collimating hole 510, and the sensitivity of the photosensitive unit 500 for recognizing optical signals is improved.
In the above-described embodiments, the first sub-shielding portions 410, the second sub-shielding portions 420, the third sub-shielding portions 430, and the fourth sub-shielding portions 440 may be formed of a light-shielding material having a low light transmittance, for example, a black resin. Wherein the first sub-aperture 511, the second sub-aperture 512, the third sub-aperture 513 and the fourth sub-aperture 514 can be formed on the first sub-shielding portion 410, the second sub-shielding portion 420, the third sub-shielding portion 430 and the fourth sub-shielding portion 440 respectively through a patterning process.
An embodiment of the invention further provides a display device, and fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display device according to the embodiment of the invention. The display device may include the display panel 100 according to any of the embodiments and the backlight module 2000 disposed opposite to the display panel 1000. The light emitted from the backlight assembly 2000 can be transmitted through the display panel 1000.
According to the display device of the embodiment of the invention, the display panel 1000 is integrated with the photosensitive unit 500, so that the display panel 1000 has a light sensing performance, and further realizes related photosensitive capability such as fingerprint identification. The light sensing unit 500 includes a collimating hole 510 and a light sensing element 520, wherein the collimating hole 510 is disposed on the second light shielding structure 400 overlapped with the boundary region JA of the pixel opening OP, and the light sensing element 520 is located corresponding to the collimating hole 510, so as to utilize the boundary region JA with low liquid crystal efficiency as an integrated region of the light sensing unit 500, and thus, the domain regions DR1 and DR2 of the pixel opening OP are arranged in more than one region on the display panel 1000, and the liquid crystal efficiency of the domain regions DR1 and DR2 is higher. Under the same actual aperture ratio, the actual liquid crystal efficiency of the display panel 1000 is higher, and the transmittance of light is higher.
In accordance with the above-described embodiments of the present invention, these embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (14)

1. A display panel, comprising:
the array substrate comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in rows and columns, each pixel electrode comprises at least two sub-electrodes and a sub-electrode connecting part for connecting the at least two sub-electrodes with each other, and the extending directions of two adjacent sub-electrodes in the same pixel electrode are different from each other;
the color film substrate is arranged opposite to the array substrate and comprises a first shading structure, the first shading structure is provided with a plurality of openings corresponding to the pixel electrodes respectively, each opening comprises at least two domains and a boundary area located at the boundary of the adjacent domains, the orthographic projection of each sub-electrode of each pixel electrode on the color film substrate is overlapped with each domain area corresponding to the opening in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the orthographic projection of the sub-electrode connecting part of each pixel electrode on the color film substrate is overlapped with the boundary area corresponding to the opening in a one-to-one correspondence mode;
the liquid crystal layer is clamped between the array substrate and the color film substrate;
the second shading structure is arranged on the array substrate and/or the color film substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second shading structure on the color film substrate is overlapped with the junction area; and
the photosensitive units comprise collimation holes and photosensitive elements, the collimation holes are formed in the second shading structure, the photosensitive elements are arranged on the array substrate, and the orthographic projections of the photosensitive elements on the color film substrate are overlapped with the orthographic projections of the collimation holes on the color film substrate.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein each of the pixel electrodes comprises a first sub-electrode and a second sub-electrode, each of the openings comprises a first domain and a second domain, an orthographic projection of the first sub-electrode on the color filter substrate overlaps the corresponding first domain, an orthographic projection of the second sub-electrode on the color filter substrate overlaps the corresponding second domain,
in the pixel electrode, the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode are mirror-symmetrical with respect to a row direction of the plurality of pixel electrodes;
in the opening, the first domain and the second domain are mirror-symmetric with respect to the row direction;
and the orthographic projection of the second shading structure on the color film substrate is a strip-shaped structure extending along the row direction.
3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein a size of the sub-electrode connecting portion is smaller than a size of the second light shielding structure in a column direction of the plurality of pixel electrodes.
4. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein a size of the photosensitive element is equal to or smaller than a size of one of the sub-electrode connecting portions in a column direction of the plurality of pixel electrodes.
5. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the sub-electrode connection portion has a size of 10 to 15 μm in a column direction of the plurality of pixel electrodes.
6. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the size of the collimating holes is 3 to 8 micrometers in a column direction of the plurality of pixel electrodes.
7. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the first sub-electrode includes a plurality of first branch electrodes parallel to each other, the second sub-electrode includes a plurality of second branch electrodes parallel to each other, each of the sub-electrode connecting portions includes a plurality of connecting units parallel to each other, each of the connecting units includes a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece which are mirror-symmetrically connected with respect to the row direction,
the extending direction of the first connecting piece is crossed with the extending direction of the first branch electrode, and the extending direction of the second connecting piece is crossed with the extending direction of the second branch electrode.
8. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the second light shielding structure comprises a first sub-shielding portion disposed on the array substrate and located on a side of the photosensitive element facing the color filter substrate, and the alignment hole comprises a first sub-hole penetrating through the first sub-shielding portion in a thickness direction of the display panel.
9. The display panel according to claim 8, wherein the array substrate comprises:
a first substrate;
the device layer is positioned on one side, facing the color film substrate, of the first substrate;
the first flat layer is positioned on one side, facing the color film substrate, of the device layer; and
a passivation layer located on one side of the first flat layer facing the color film substrate,
wherein the photosensitive element is arranged on the device layer, and the first sub-shading part is positioned between the first flat layer and the passivation layer.
10. The display panel according to claim 9, wherein the device layer comprises a thin film transistor including an active layer,
the photosensitive element is a photodiode and comprises a first conduction type semiconductor layer and a second conduction type semiconductor layer, the first conduction type semiconductor layer is located on one side, facing the color film substrate, of the first substrate, the second conduction type semiconductor layer is located on one side, facing the color film substrate, of the first conduction type semiconductor layer, the first conduction type semiconductor layer and the active layer are arranged on the same layer, one of the first conduction type semiconductor layer and the second conduction type semiconductor layer is an N-type semiconductor layer, and the other of the first conduction type semiconductor layer and the second conduction type semiconductor layer is a P-type semiconductor layer.
11. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the second light shielding structure comprises a second sub-shielding portion, the second sub-shielding portion is disposed on the same layer as the first light shielding structure, and the alignment hole comprises a second sub-hole penetrating through the second sub-shielding portion in a thickness direction of the display panel.
12. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein the color filter substrate further comprises:
a second substrate located on a side of the first light shielding structure facing away from the array substrate;
a second flat layer located on a side of the first light shielding structure facing away from the array substrate;
a color resistance layer located on the second flat layer side toward the array substrate; and
a third flat layer located on the side of the color resistance layer facing the array substrate,
the second shading structure further comprises a third sub-shading part, the third sub-shading part is located between the second substrate and the second flat layer, and the collimating hole further comprises a third sub-hole penetrating through the third sub-shading part in the thickness direction of the display panel.
13. The display panel according to claim 12, wherein the color filter substrate further comprises:
a fourth flat layer located on the array substrate side of the third flat layer,
the second shading structure further comprises a fourth sub-shading part, the fourth sub-shading part is located between the third flat layer and the fourth flat layer, and the collimation hole further comprises a fourth sub-hole penetrating through the fourth sub-shading part in the thickness direction of the display panel.
14. A display device, comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and a backlight module disposed opposite to the display panel.
CN202010218622.7A 2020-03-25 2020-03-25 Display panel and display device Active CN111240084B (en)

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