CN111237799A

CN111237799A - Flue gas downstream flow cutting, blocking control and leakage control system and blocking control and leakage control method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111237799A
Application number: CN202010097049.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周惠; 许伟伟
Original assignee: Nanjing Chonon Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Chonon Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-17
Filing date: 2020-02-17
Publication date: 2020-06-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a smoke downstream cutting, blocking and leakage control system, which comprises: the air preheater comprises an air preheater body, an ash blockage preventing bin and an air leakage controlling bin which are arranged in the air preheater body, and a downstream flow cutting, controlling, blocking and leakage controlling mechanism communicated with the ash blockage preventing bin and the air leakage controlling bin; the stream-following cutting, controlling and blocking leakage-controlling mechanism comprises a blocking-proof ash bin pipeline communicated with the blocking-proof ash bin, a dust remover communicated with the blocking-proof ash bin pipeline, a smoke inducing machine communicated with the dust remover, and a leakage-controlling bin-dividing pipeline communicated with the smoke inducing machine and the leakage-controlling bin-dividing pipeline communicated with the leakage-controlling bin. An ash blockage prevention bin and an air leakage control bin (a primary air side and a smoke side adjacent position) are independently established in a smoke side cold end area A in the air preheater, a downstream flow cutting, blockage control and leakage control mechanism is designed to communicate the ash blockage prevention bin and the air leakage control bin, smoke in the ash blockage prevention bin is introduced into the air leakage control bin through a smoke inducing machine, and then the effect of controlling blockage and leakage of the air preheater is achieved.

Description

Flue gas downstream flow cutting, blocking control and leakage control system and blocking control and leakage control method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a blockage control and leakage control system, in particular to a smoke downstream cutting blockage control and leakage control system.

Background

The problem of ash blockage of the air preheater is very complex and is related to coal quality (especially sulfur content), waveform selection, soot blowing effect, increase of ammonia escape and the like. Particularly, the problem of ash blockage is more serious after flue gas denitration is carried out. At present, flue gas denitration facilities additionally arranged in a coal-fired power plant mainly adopt a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology. The technology is realized by spraying NH into an SCR reactor₃Leading most of NOx in the flue gas to be reduced into N which has no pollution to the environment₂And H₂And O. However, in this process, two side reactions occur: SO (SO)₂+O₂→SO₃And NH₃+SO₃+H₂O→NH₄HSO₄Adversely affecting the operation of the air preheater downstream of the denitrator.

SO in flue gas₃The sulfuric acid vapor is generated by combining with the water vapor, and the higher the concentration is, the higher the acid dew point of the flue gas is, the higher the temperature can reach 140-160 ℃, and the larger the amount of H₂SO₄The liquid drops not only aggravate the problem of low-temperature corrosion of the air preheater, but also more easily adsorb fly ash; in addition, NH is generated₄HSO₄The fly ash is liquid within the temperature range of 146-207 ℃, has very strong viscosity, is very easy to capture fly ash, and if the fly ash is not cleaned in time, the fly ash adhered to the surface of the heat exchange element can be agglomerated into hard blocks, so that the conventional steam soot blowing is difficult to effectively clean, and finally the soot blockage is formed.

However, the initial end of the flue gas channel of the existing air preheater is still easy to be blocked, the air leakage phenomenon is easy to occur in the primary air channel, and the air leakage of the existing air preheater cannot be eliminated.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a flue gas is cut to control in same direction as flow and is stopped up system of controlling leakage to solve the above-mentioned problem that prior art exists.

The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a stifled system of controlling of flue gas downstream cut, includes:

a base assembly including an air preheater body; the air preheater body comprises a flue gas channel, a secondary air channel adjacent to the flue gas channel and a primary air channel adjacent to the secondary air channel; the tail of the flue gas channel is provided with a flue gas channel outlet, and the tail of the secondary air channel is provided with a secondary air channel outlet.

Accuse stifled subassembly of controlling leaking, including installing stifled ash branch storehouse of preventing in the flue gas passageway is installed branch storehouse of the wind of treating in the wind passageway, and with prevent stifled ash branch storehouse and the branch stream that the storehouse communicates is divided to the wind of treating to cut to control stifled mechanism of controlling leaking.

In a further embodiment, the downstream cutting, blocking controlling and leakage controlling mechanism comprises an anti-blocking ash bin pipeline communicated with the anti-blocking ash bin, a dust remover communicated with the anti-blocking ash bin pipeline, a smoke inducing machine communicated with the dust remover, and a leakage controlling sub-bin pipeline communicated with the smoke inducing machine and communicated with the leakage controlling sub-bin; the air leakage control and blocking control mechanism is designed to be sequentially used for controlling blocking and air leakage prevention of the smoke channel and the primary air channel, pressurized smoke is introduced to the primary air cold end through the smoke inducing machine, a fan-shaped ash blockage prevention and blocking separation bin is established in the smoke side cold end area A, an air leakage control and blocking separation bin is added at the primary air cold end, and the air leakage control and blocking separation bin is adjacent to the smoke side. The smoke flow velocity of the area A is increased to more than 1.3 times of the original smoke flow velocity under the action of the smoke inducing machine, so that the temperature of the heat storage element is increased, more importantly, the smoke temperature can be increased by 35-40 ℃, and H in smoke can be effectively avoided₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄Is performed. Even if there is some H in the boundary layer₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄Deposited, but under the high-speed upward-downward flushing of the ash-laden flue gas, the uncured deposits will be removed and carried out of the air preheater even when the heat storage element has an H₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄When deposits are produced, the technology can also increase the smoke gas flow through the area A to be more than 1.5 times of the original smoke gas flow, and the temperature of the discharged smoke gas can reach more than 180 ℃ at the moment, so as to dissolve H on the surface of the heat storage plate₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄The sediment is carried out of the air preheater by the forward flow. That is, even if the adjustment is not timely performed due to the type of coal, the climate, the load of the unit, or the like, H is present on the heat storage plate₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄When in deposition, the problem can be solved by washing high-temperature flue gas.

In a further embodiment, an expansion joint and a valve are sequentially arranged on the ash blockage preventing bin pipeline from the ash blockage preventing bin to the direction of the dust remover; the joint of the air leakage control sub-bin pipeline and the air leakage control sub-bin is provided with a plurality of groups of air outlet branch pipes, the plurality of groups of air outlet branch pipes are designed to mainly spray flue gas, and then a high-pressure flue gas sealing wall is formed in the primary air channel, so that the radial air leakage rate of the primary air side is close to zero. Meanwhile, primary air of the heat storage element in the area B is effectively replaced by high-speed flue gas, so that the primary air side of the rotor rotates to the flue gas side to carry air leakage to zero. And the flue gas after the replacement preheats the heat storage element in the area B, so that the temperature of the heat storage element is increased, and the blockage of the deposition of ammonium bisulfate is facilitated.

In a further embodiment, the dust remover comprises a dust removing inlet communicated with the anti-blocking ash bin pipeline, a dust removing outlet communicated with the smoke inducing machine, a dust removing shell fixedly connected with the dust removing inlet and the dust removing outlet, a dust removing motor inserted in the dust removing shell, dust removing fan blades rotating coaxially with the dust removing motor and arranged in the dust removing shell, a dust removing bin arranged in the dust removing shell, and a dust removing electrostatic field fixedly arranged on the dust removing bin; a dust removal channel is formed in the dust removal bin, and a dust remover is designed to mainly remove dust from the flue gas, so that the effect of dust concentration attached to the flue gas is reduced.

In a further embodiment, the dust removal electrostatic field is composed of two groups of electrostatic plates fixedly mounted in the cylindrical shell, and the electrostatic field is designed mainly for adsorbing dust in flue gas, so that the dust removal effect is completed.

In a further embodiment, a guide plate is arranged in the ash blockage prevention bin; the guide plate comprises a guide fixed plate fixedly arranged on the smoke channel and a guide movable plate movably connected with the guide fixed plate; the lateral part of direction fly leaf is installed and is turned to the connecting rod, designs the deflector into two parts, mainly in order to when flue gas temperature and the velocity of flow in preventing stifled ash branch storehouse are enough, can not adjust the direction fly leaf, and when flue gas temperature and the velocity of flow in preventing stifled ash branch storehouse are not enough, then need adjust the direction fly leaf this moment for it is enough to ensure the flue gas velocity of flow and the temperature in preventing stifled ash branch storehouse.

In a further embodiment, the steering connecting rod comprises a steering fixing block fixedly connected with the guide movable plate, a guide first connecting rod rotatably connected with the steering fixing block, a guide second connecting rod hinged with the guide first rail, a guide rotating shaft fixedly connected with the guide second connecting rod, a guide third connecting rod fixedly connected with the guide rotating shaft, a guide fourth connecting rod hinged with the guide third connecting rod, and a guide fifth connecting rod hinged with the guide fourth connecting rod; and the guide fifth connecting rod is externally connected with a guide rotating motor.

In a further embodiment, the smoke inducer comprises a filter hood in communication with the dust remover, a smoke-inducing inlet in communication with the filter hood, a smoke-inducing housing in communication with the smoke-inducing inlet, and a smoke-inducing outlet in communication with the smoke-inducing housing; the smoke outlet is communicated with the air leakage control bin distribution pipeline; a smoke guiding motor is installed on the side of the smoke guiding shell, and a smoke guiding fan blade which rotates coaxially with the smoke guiding motor is installed in the smoke guiding shell; the filter mantle with draw cigarette entry and dust remover can dismantle the connection, and the filter mantle of design mainly is in order to reduce the subsidiary dust of flue gas and to the wearing and tearing of blade.

A blockage control and leakage control method of a flue gas downstream cut blockage control and leakage control system comprises the following steps:

step 1, preventing a heat storage element in an air preheater from having the lowest temperature due to the fact that heat is just exchanged in primary air or secondary air, and preventing the temperature of an outlet of a flue gas bin from being lower, when the heat storage element and the flue gas bin are overlapped, an initial end of the flue gas bin becomes a source of ash blockage of an air preheater to form a low-temperature corrosion dangerous area, and when the heat storage element of each small bin of a rotor passes through the area in a rotating mode, due to the fact that the temperature of the flue gas is lower, the ash blockage phenomenon is easy to occur when the heat storage element passes through the area; at the moment, a guide movable plate in the guide plate controls the inclination angle of the guide movable plate through a steering connecting rod, at the moment, a guide rotating motor rotates to drive a guide fifth connecting rod to swing, the guide fifth connecting rod drives a guide fourth connecting rod to swing, the guide third connecting rod is driven to swing, a guide rotating shaft is driven to rotate, the guide second connecting rod is driven to swing, the guide first connecting rod is driven to move back and forth, a steering fixed block is driven to move back and forth, the guide movable plate is driven to swing left and right along the guide fixed plate, and the inclination of the guide movable plate is adjusted;

step 2, after the flue gas far away from the anti-blocking ash bin at the inlet of the flue gas channel is guided into the anti-blocking ash bin, controlling the flow speed of the flue gas flowing into the anti-blocking ash bin pipeline through a valve;

3, the output adjustment of the smoke guiding machine can greatly improve the flow of the smoke passing through the anti-blocking ash bin, control the temperature of the smoke in a pipeline of the anti-blocking ash bin circulating in the pipeline, and further change the temperature and the flow rate of the smoke passing through the low-temperature corrosion dangerous area so as to eliminate the effect of the low-temperature corrosion dangerous area;

step 4, the smoke enters the dust remover through the dust blocking prevention bin separation pipeline, the dust removing motor works at the moment, the dust removing fan blades are driven to rotate, the smoke is driven to enter the dust removing bin through the dust removing inlet, the static electricity in the dust removing electrostatic field adsorbs the dust in the smoke, and the smoke flows into the smoke guiding machine through the dust removing outlet;

step 5, the smoke guiding machine rotates through the smoke guiding motor to drive the smoke guiding fan blades to rotate, smoke in the ash blocking prevention bin is filtered by the filter cover and then sucked into the smoke guiding inlet, enters the smoke guiding shell through the smoke guiding inlet and flows into the air leakage prevention bin distributing pipeline through the smoke guiding outlet;

step 6, when the flow of the flue gas in the ash blockage prevention bin is greatly improved, the sweeping effect of the flue gas with ash on a heat storage element can be accelerated, and the effective auxiliary effect on the blockage prevention of the air preheater is achieved; in addition, the output of the smoke guiding machine and the control of the opening degree of the valve can be realized by measuring and feeding back the smoke in real time through a smoke temperature measuring instrument and a pressure measuring instrument on the air leakage control bin-dividing pipeline;

step 7, the expansion joint arranged on the pipeline of the anti-blocking ash bin can ensure the balanced thermal expansion of the pipeline flue when the guide plate guides the flue gas at the position, far away from the anti-blocking ash bin, of the inlet of the flue gas channel into the anti-blocking ash bin, so that the service life of the flue at the outlet of the sub-bin is prolonged;

step 8, the flue gas carries out the pressure boost through the induced-draft machine this moment, the high-speed flue gas forms one high-pressure flue gas seal wall at the cold and hot end of flue gas side and once wind side juncture after the pressure boost, can make the radial rate of leaking out of once wind side be close to for zero, simultaneously high-speed flue gas carries out effectual replacement to the once wind of heat accumulation component in regional B, make the rotatory flue gas side that carries of once wind side of rotor to the flue gas side leak out for zero, and the flue gas after the replacement preheats regional B heat accumulation component, improve the temperature of heat accumulation component, be favorable to hindering the deposit of ammonium bisulfate.

Has the advantages that: the invention discloses a smoke downstream cutting, blocking and leakage control system, wherein an ash blocking prevention sub-bin and a leakage control sub-bin (a position where a primary air side is adjacent to a smoke side) are independently established in a smoke side cold end region A in an air preheater, a downstream cutting, blocking and leakage control mechanism is designed to communicate the ash blocking prevention sub-bin with the leakage control sub-bin, smoke in the ash blocking prevention sub-bin is introduced into the leakage control sub-bin through a smoke inducing machine, the smoke quantity of the region A is increased under the action of the smoke inducing machine, the smoke speed is increased, a local high-temperature and high-flow-speed region is formed in the region, and acid liquor (H abrasion) on the surface of a heat storage element is removed in real time through the actions of high-temperature pyrolysis, fly ash, accelerated stripping and₂SO₄liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄) And dust accumulation is carried out to ensure the continuous cleanness of the heat storage element, the guided smoke enters the air leakage control sub-bin after being pressurized by the smoke guiding machine, and simultaneously the primary air of the heat storage element in the area B is treated by the high-speed smokeCarry out effectual replacement, highly compressed flue gas forms a high-pressure flue gas seal wall at the cold and hot end of flue gas side and the first wind side juncture, can effectively prevent the leakage of a wind direction flue gas side, make the radial rate of leaking out of first wind side be close to for zero, the carrier air in the heat transfer component is replaced by the flue gas, make the first wind side of rotor rotatory to the flue gas side carry the leak out for zero, and the flue gas after the replacement preheats regional B heat accumulation component, improve the temperature of heat accumulation component, it is favorable to hindering the deposit of flying dust.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a downstream cutting, plugging and leakage control mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a precipitator of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a view showing the internal structure of the dust collector of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the primary air preheater section A, B of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a smoke downstream cutting, blocking and leakage control system.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the guide plate of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the cigarette lighter of the present invention.

The reference signs are: the device comprises an air preheater 1, a flue gas channel 2, a guide movable plate 201, a guide fixed plate 202, a steering fixed block 203, a guide first connecting rod 204, a guide second connecting rod 205, a guide rotating shaft 206, a guide third connecting rod 207, a guide fourth connecting rod 208, a guide fifth connecting rod 209, a secondary air channel 3, a primary air channel 4, a flue gas channel outlet 5, a secondary air channel outlet 6, an anti-blocking ash bin pipeline 7, an expansion joint 71, a dust remover 8, a dust removing electrostatic field 81, a dust removing outlet 82, a dust removing motor 83, a dust removing inlet 84, dust removing fan blades 85, a dust removing shell 86, a dust removing bin 87, a dust removing channel 88, a smoke inducing machine 9, an air leakage control sub-bin pipeline 10, an air outlet branch pipe 101, a filter cover 1001, a smoke inducing inlet 1002, a smoke inducing motor 1003 and.

Detailed Description

Through research and analysis of the applicant, the air preheater has the problems of air leakage and blockageThe existing air preheater still has the defect that primary air leakage still is large, accounts for about 7 percent of the total air leakage amount, and cannot eliminate carrying air leakage. NH generated after flue gas denitration is carried out₄HSO₄The fly ash is liquid within the temperature range of 146-207 ℃, has very strong viscosity, is very easy to capture fly ash, and if the fly ash is not cleaned in time, the fly ash adhered to the surface of the heat exchange element can be agglomerated into hard blocks, so that the conventional steam soot blowing is difficult to effectively clean, and the soot blockage is formed. However, the invention separately establishes an ash blockage prevention sub-bin and an air leakage treatment sub-bin (the adjacent part of the primary air side and the smoke side) in a smoke side cold end area A in the air preheater, designs a downstream flow cutting, blocking and leakage treatment mechanism to communicate the ash blockage prevention sub-bin with the air leakage treatment sub-bin, smoke in the ash blockage prevention sub-bin is introduced into the air leakage treatment sub-bin through a smoke inducing machine, the smoke volume of the area A is increased under the action of the smoke inducing machine, the smoke speed is increased, the area forms a local high-temperature and high-flow-speed area, and acid liquor (H) on the surface of a heat storage element is removed in real time through the actions of high-temperature pyrolysis, fly ash abrasion, accelerated stripping₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄) And the deposition, guarantee the continuation cleanness of heat accumulation component, the flue gas of drawing forth is through drawing the cigarette machine behind the pressurization, get into and manage the branch storehouse of leaking out, high-speed flue gas carries out effectual replacement to the breeze of heat accumulation component in the region B simultaneously, highly compressed flue gas forms one high-pressure flue gas seal wall at the cold and hot end of flue gas side and the juncture of breeze side, can effectively prevent the leakage of a wind direction flue gas side, make the radial rate of leaking out of a wind side be close to for zero, the carrier air in the heat transfer component is replaced by the flue gas, make the rotatory flue gas side of the breeze side of rotor carry the leaking out of zero, and the flue gas after the replacement preheats regional B heat accumulation component, improve the temperature of heat accumulation component, it is favorable to the deposit that.

The utility model provides a stifled system of controlling of flue gas downstream cut, includes: the device comprises an air preheater 1, a flue gas channel 2, a guide movable plate 201, a guide fixed plate 202, a steering fixed block 203, a guide first connecting rod 204, a guide second connecting rod 205, a guide rotating shaft 206, a guide third connecting rod 207, a guide fourth connecting rod 208, a guide fifth connecting rod 209, a secondary air channel 3, a primary air channel 4, a flue gas channel outlet 5, a secondary air channel outlet 6, an anti-blocking ash bin pipeline 7, an expansion joint 71, a dust remover 8, a dust removing electrostatic field 81, a dust removing outlet 82, a dust removing motor 83, a dust removing inlet 84, dust removing fan blades 85, a dust removing shell 86, a dust removing bin 87, a dust removing channel 88, a smoke inducing machine 9, an air leakage control sub-bin pipeline 10, an air outlet branch pipe 101, a filter cover 1001, a smoke inducing inlet 1002, a smoke inducing motor 1003 and.

The air preheater 1 comprises a flue gas channel 2, a secondary air channel 3 adjacent to the flue gas channel 2, and a primary air channel 4 adjacent to the secondary air channel 3; flue gas duct export 5 is installed to flue gas passageway 2's afterbody, secondary air duct export 6 is installed to 3 afterbody of overgrate air passageway, install in flue gas passageway 2 and prevent stifled ash branch storehouse, install the branch storehouse of leaking control in the primary air passageway 4, and with prevent stifled ash branch storehouse and the branch storehouse intercommunication of leaking control in the same direction as the flow surely accuse of leaking control mechanism.

The downstream cutting, blocking controlling and leakage controlling mechanism comprises an anti-blocking ash bin pipeline 7 communicated with the anti-blocking ash bin, a dust remover 8 communicated with the anti-blocking ash bin pipeline 7, a smoke inducing machine 9 communicated with the dust remover 8, and a leakage controlling bin distributing pipeline 10 communicated with the smoke inducing machine 9 and communicated with the leakage controlling bin; the air leakage control and leakage control mechanism is designed to be sequentially provided with an air adjusting door, a smoke temperature measuring instrument and a pressure measuring instrument in the direction of a smoke inducing machine 9 from the air leakage control and leakage control branch pipeline 10, the smoke inducing machine 9 is used for pressurizing smoke to induce primary air cold ends, a fan-shaped ash blockage prevention branch cabin is established in a smoke side cold end area A, the air leakage control branch cabin is additionally arranged at the primary air cold end, and the air leakage control branch cabin is adjacent to the smoke side.

An expansion joint 71 and a valve are sequentially arranged on the ash blocking prevention bin pipeline 7 from the ash blocking prevention bin to the direction of the dust remover 8; the joint of the air leakage control sub-bin pipeline 10 and the air leakage control sub-bin is provided with a plurality of groups of air outlet branch pipes 101, and the plurality of groups of air outlet branch pipes 101 are designed to mainly spray flue gas, so that a high-pressure flue gas sealing wall is formed in the primary air channel 4.

The dust remover 8 comprises a dust removing inlet 84 communicated with the ash blockage preventing and separating bin pipeline 7, a dust removing outlet 82 communicated with the smoke inducing machine 9, a dust removing shell 86 fixedly connected with the dust removing inlet 84 and the dust removing outlet 82, a dust removing motor 83 inserted in the dust removing shell 86, dust removing fan blades 85 which coaxially rotate with the dust removing motor 83 and are arranged in the dust removing shell 86, a dust removing bin 87 arranged in the dust removing shell 86 and a dust removing electrostatic field 81 fixedly arranged on the dust removing bin 87; a dust removal channel 88 is formed in the dust removal bin 87, and the dust remover 8 is designed to mainly remove dust from the flue gas, so that the dust concentration effect of the flue gas is reduced.

The dust removal electrostatic field 81 is composed of two groups of electrostatic plates fixedly mounted in the cylindrical shell, and the electrostatic field is designed mainly for adsorbing dust in flue gas, so that the dust removal effect is completed.

A guide plate is arranged in the anti-blocking ash bin; the guide plate comprises a guide fixing plate 202 fixedly arranged on the smoke channel 2 and a guide movable plate 201 movably connected with the guide fixing plate 202; the lateral part of direction fly leaf 201 is installed and is turned to the connecting rod, designs the deflector into two parts, mainly in order to when the flue gas temperature and the velocity of flow in preventing stifled ash branch storehouse are enough, can not adjust direction fly leaf 201, and when the flue gas temperature and the velocity of flow in preventing stifled ash branch storehouse are not enough, then need adjust direction fly leaf 201 this moment for it is enough to ensure the flue gas velocity of flow and the temperature in preventing stifled ash branch storehouse.

The steering connecting rod comprises a steering fixing block 203 fixedly connected with the guide movable plate 201, a guide first connecting rod 204 rotatably connected with the steering fixing block 203, a guide second connecting rod 205 hinged with the guide first rail, a guide rotating shaft 206 fixedly connected with the guide second connecting rod 205, a guide third connecting rod 207 fixedly connected with the guide rotating shaft 206, a guide fourth connecting rod 208 hinged with the guide third connecting rod 207, and a guide fifth connecting rod 209 hinged with the guide fourth connecting rod 208; the guiding fifth connecting rod 209 is externally connected with a guiding rotating motor.

The smoke-guiding machine 9 comprises a filter cover 1001 communicated with the dust remover 8, a smoke-guiding inlet 1002 communicated with the filter cover 1001, a smoke-guiding shell 1004 communicated with the smoke-guiding inlet 1002, and a smoke-guiding outlet communicated with the smoke-guiding shell 1004; the smoke outlet is communicated with the air leakage control bin distributing pipeline 10; a smoke guiding motor 1003 is installed on the side of the smoke guiding shell 1004, and smoke guiding fan blades which rotate coaxially with the smoke guiding motor 1003 are installed in the smoke guiding shell 1004; the filter housing 1001 is detachably connected to the smoke inlet 1002 and the dust collector 8, and the filter housing 1001 is designed to reduce abrasion of the smoke and dust to the blades.

When a certain small bin lattice in the rotor of the air preheater 1 enters the flue gas channel 2 from the air bin chamber, at the initial end of flue gas (see fig. 5), the wall surface temperature of the heat storage plate of the small bin lattice reaches the lowest value, the heat transfer temperature difference between the flue gas passing through the channel and the heat storage plate is the largest, the heat exchange is the largest, and the exhaust gas temperature is the lowest, so that the lowest temperature of the heat storage plate is superposed with the lowest outlet flue gas temperature, the initial end of the flue gas bin becomes the source and the dangerous area (hereinafter referred to as area a, and will enter the area, referred to as area B for short) of the ash blockage of the air preheater, and if the ash blockage phenomenon occurs on the heat storage plate of each small bin lattice of the rotor, the ash blockage phenomenon inevitably occurs when the.

After the invention is modified, the following changes can be brought: primary air leakage and carrying air leakage are basically eliminated, and theoretically, the air leakage rate can be reduced by 50% -70%; the flow velocity of high-temperature flue gas of the heat exchange element in the area A is increased, so that the purging function is realized, the temperature of a cold-end metal wall is increased, and the possibility of ash blockage is greatly reduced; the flue gas flowing out of the air preheater in the area B reheats the coldest part of the air preheater, which is equivalent to the recycling of heat energy, thereby reducing the loss of smoke exhaust; because the air leakage rate is reduced, primary air leakage and carrying air leakage are basically eliminated, and the resistance of the air preheater is reduced after ash blockage is avoided, so that the power consumption of six fans is reduced, especially the current of the primary fan and the current of the induced fan are reduced; the heater system may be deactivated, thereby reducing the exhaust gas temperature; the service life of the heat storage element is prolonged, and the maintenance workload is reduced; relatively higher ammonia escape rate is allowed, so that the replacement period of the denitration catalyst can be relatively prolonged; because the influence of cold air on the exhaust gas temperature is eliminated, a space for further reducing the exhaust gas temperature is provided, the exhaust gas loss is reduced by increasing the area of the heat storage element or adopting a more efficient plate type, and the boiler efficiency is obviously improved.

The smoke forward flow cutting, blocking and leakage control device is shown in figures 1-4, smoke is introduced to a primary air cooling end under pressure through a smoke inducing machine 9, a fan-shaped ash blockage prevention sub-bin is built in a smoke side cold end area A, and a leakage control sub-bin is added at the primary air cooling end and is adjacent to the smoke side. The smoke flow velocity of the area A is increased to more than 1.3 times of the original smoke flow velocity under the action of the smoke inducing machine 9, so that the temperature of the heat storage element is increased, more importantly, the smoke temperature can be increased by 35-40 ℃, and H in the smoke can be effectively avoided₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄Is performed. Even if there is some H in the boundary layer₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄The deposition, but under the high velocity ash-laden flue gas from top to bottom, will be cleaned of uncured deposits and carried out of the air preheater.

When the heat storage element has H₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄When deposits are produced, the technology can also increase the smoke gas flow through the area A to be more than 1.5 times of the original smoke gas flow, and the temperature of the discharged smoke gas can reach more than 180 ℃ at the moment, so as to dissolve H on the surface of the heat storage plate₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄The sediment is carried out of the air preheater by the forward flow. That is, even if the adjustment is not timely performed due to the type of coal, the climate, the load of the unit, or the like, H is present on the heat storage plate₂SO₄Liquid droplets and liquid NH₄HSO₄When in deposition, the problem can be solved by washing high-temperature flue gas.

The flue gas is induced by the cigarette machine 9 to be pressurized, and the high-speed flue gas forms a high-pressure flue gas seal wall at the cold and hot end of the junction of the flue gas side and the primary air side after pressurization, so that the radial air leakage rate of the primary air side is close to zero. Meanwhile, primary air of the heat storage element in the area B is effectively replaced by high-speed flue gas, so that the primary air side of the rotor rotates to the flue gas side to carry air leakage to zero. And the flue gas after the replacement preheats the heat storage element in the area B, so that the temperature of the heat storage element is increased, and the blockage of the deposition of ammonium bisulfate is facilitated.

Description of the working principle: the method is characterized in that the heat storage elements in the air preheater 1 are prevented from having the lowest temperature when being replaced by primary air or secondary air, and the temperature of the outlet of a flue gas bin is lower, so that when the heat storage elements are overlapped, the initial end of the flue gas bin becomes a source of ash blockage of the air preheater to form a low-temperature corrosion dangerous area, and when the heat storage elements of each small bin of a rotor pass through the area in a rotating mode, the temperature of the flue gas is lower, so that the ash blockage phenomenon is easy to occur when the heat storage elements pass through the area, firstly, the inclination of a guide plate is controlled through a steering connecting rod, and then the flue gas at the position, far away from an inlet of a flue gas channel 2 from an ash blockage prevention bin; at this time, the inclination angle of the guide movable plate 201 in the guide plate is controlled by the steering connecting rod, and at this time, the guide rotating motor rotates to drive the guide fifth connecting rod 209 to swing, and then the guide fifth connecting rod 209 drives the guide fourth connecting rod 208 to swing, and then the guide third connecting rod 207 is driven to swing, and then the guide rotating shaft 206 is driven to rotate, and then the guide second connecting rod 205 is driven to swing, and then the guide first connecting rod 204 is driven to move back and forth, and then the steering fixed block 203 is driven to move back and forth, and then the guide movable plate 201 is driven to swing left and right along the guide fixed plate 202, so that the inclination of the guide movable plate 201 is adjusted; when the flue gas at the position far away from the inlet of the flue gas channel 2 from the anti-blocking ash bin is guided into the anti-blocking ash bin, the flow speed of the flue gas flowing into the anti-blocking ash bin pipeline 7 is controlled through a valve; the output adjustment of the smoke-guiding machine 9 can greatly improve the flow of the smoke passing through the anti-blocking ash bin, control the temperature of the smoke flowing in the anti-blocking ash bin pipeline 7, and further change the temperature and the flow rate of the smoke passing through the low-temperature corrosion dangerous area so as to eliminate the effect of the low-temperature corrosion dangerous area; at the moment, the flue gas enters the dust remover 8 through the ash blockage preventing bin dividing pipeline 7, the dust removing motor 83 works at the moment, the dust removing fan blades 85 are driven to rotate, the flue gas is driven to enter the dust removing bin 87 through the dust removing inlet 84, the static electricity in the dust removing electrostatic field 81 adsorbs the dust in the flue gas, and the dust flows into the smoke guider 9 through the dust removing outlet 82; the smoke inducing machine 9 rotates through the smoke inducing motor 1003, further drives the smoke inducing fan blades to rotate, further sucks smoke in the ash blockage preventing sub-bin into the smoke inducing inlet 1002 after being filtered by the filter cover 1001, enters the smoke inducing shell 1004 through the smoke inducing inlet 1002, and flows into the air leakage preventing sub-bin pipeline 10 through the smoke inducing outlet; when the flue gas flow of the anti-blocking ash bin is greatly improved, the sweeping effect of the flue gas with ash on the heat storage element can be accelerated, and the anti-blocking effect on the air preheater 1 is effectively assisted; in addition, the output of the smoke guiding machine 9 and the control of the opening degree of the valve can be realized by measuring and feeding back the smoke in real time through a smoke temperature measuring instrument and a pressure measuring instrument on the air leakage control bin-dividing pipeline 10; the expansion joint 71 arranged on the ash blockage preventing bin pipeline 7 can ensure the balanced thermal expansion of the pipeline flue when the guide plate guides the flue gas at the position, far away from the ash blockage preventing bin, of the inlet of the flue gas channel 2 to the ash blockage preventing bin, so that the service life of the flue of the ash blockage preventing bin is prolonged; the flue gas carries out the pressure boost through induced-draft machine 9 this moment, the high-speed flue gas forms one high-pressure flue gas seal wall at the cold and hot end of flue gas side and once wind side juncture after the pressure boost, can be so that the radial rate of leaking out of once wind side is close to for zero, simultaneously high-speed flue gas carries out effectual replacement to the once wind of heat accumulation component in regional B, make the rotatory flue gas side that carries of once wind side of rotor leak out for zero, and the flue gas after the replacement preheats regional B heat accumulation component, improve the temperature of heat accumulation component, be favorable to hindering the deposit of ammonium bisulfate.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the embodiments, and various equivalent changes can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these equivalent changes are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a stifled system of controlling of flue gas is cut to flow in same direction as, characterized by includes:

a base assembly including an air preheater body; the air preheater body comprises a flue gas channel, a secondary air channel adjacent to the flue gas channel and a primary air channel adjacent to the secondary air channel; a smoke channel outlet is arranged at the tail part of the smoke channel, and a secondary air channel outlet is arranged at the tail part of the secondary air channel;

2. The smoke downstream cutting, blocking and leakage controlling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the downstream cutting, blocking controlling and leakage controlling mechanism comprises an anti-blocking ash bin pipeline communicated with the anti-blocking ash bin, a dust remover communicated with the anti-blocking ash bin pipeline, a smoke inducing machine communicated with the dust remover, and a leakage controlling sub-bin pipeline communicated with the smoke inducing machine and communicated with the leakage controlling sub-bin; and the air leakage control sub-bin pipeline is sequentially provided with an air adjusting door, a smoke temperature measuring instrument and a pressure measuring instrument from the air leakage control sub-bin to the smoke inducing machine.

3. The smoke downstream cutting, blocking and leakage controlling system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: an expansion joint and a valve are sequentially arranged on the ash blocking prevention bin pipeline from the ash blocking prevention bin to the direction of the dust remover; and a plurality of groups of air outlet branch pipes are arranged at the joints of the air leakage control sub-bin pipelines and the air leakage control sub-bins.

4. The smoke downstream cutting, blocking and leakage controlling system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the dust remover comprises a dust removing inlet communicated with the anti-blocking ash bin pipeline, a dust removing outlet communicated with the smoke inducing machine, a dust removing shell fixedly connected with the dust removing inlet and the dust removing outlet, a dust removing motor inserted in the dust removing shell, dust removing fan blades which coaxially rotate with the dust removing motor and are arranged in the dust removing shell, a dust removing bin arranged in the dust removing shell and a dust removing electrostatic field fixedly arranged on the dust removing bin; and a dust removal channel is formed in the dust removal bin.

5. The smoke downstream cutting, blocking and leakage controlling system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the dust removal electrostatic field is composed of two groups of electrostatic plates fixedly arranged in a cylindrical shell.

6. The smoke downstream cutting, blocking and leakage controlling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a guide plate is arranged in the anti-blocking ash bin; the guide plate comprises a guide fixed plate fixedly arranged on the smoke channel and a guide movable plate movably connected with the guide fixed plate; and a steering connecting rod is arranged on the side part of the guide movable plate.

7. The smoke downstream cutting, blocking and leakage controlling system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the steering connecting rod comprises a steering fixing block fixedly connected with the steering movable plate, a guiding first connecting rod rotatably connected with the steering fixing block, a guiding second connecting rod hinged with the guiding first railing, a guiding rotating shaft fixedly connected with the guiding second connecting rod, a guiding third connecting rod fixedly connected with the guiding rotating shaft, a guiding fourth connecting rod hinged with the guiding third connecting rod, and a guiding fifth connecting rod hinged with the guiding fourth connecting rod; and the guide fifth connecting rod is externally connected with a guide rotating motor.

8. The smoke downstream cutting, blocking and leakage controlling system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the smoke guiding machine comprises a filter hood communicated with the dust remover, a smoke guiding inlet communicated with the filter hood, a smoke guiding shell communicated with the smoke guiding inlet, and a smoke guiding outlet communicated with the smoke guiding shell; the smoke outlet is communicated with the air leakage control bin distribution pipeline; a smoke guiding motor is installed on the side of the smoke guiding shell, and a smoke guiding fan blade which rotates coaxially with the smoke guiding motor is installed in the smoke guiding shell; the filter mantle is detachably connected with the smoke-guiding inlet and the dust remover.

9. A blockage control and leakage control method of a flue gas downstream cut-off blockage control and leakage control system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: