CN111237403B - Automatic speed change device for electric automobile - Google Patents
Automatic speed change device for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111237403B CN111237403B CN202010156314.6A CN202010156314A CN111237403B CN 111237403 B CN111237403 B CN 111237403B CN 202010156314 A CN202010156314 A CN 202010156314A CN 111237403 B CN111237403 B CN 111237403B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/46—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/30—Hydraulic or pneumatic motors or related fluid control means therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors actuators or related electrical control means therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/36—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement being transmitted by a cable
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors actuators or related electrical control means therefor
- F16H2061/326—Actuators for range selection, i.e. actuators for controlling the range selector or the manual range valve in the transmission
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile transmission, in particular to an automatic speed changing device for an electric automobile. The automatic speed changing device for the electric automobile can realize linkage switching between the two clutches by operating one gear shifting mechanism, has low requirement on the running precision of the gear shifting mechanism, has no rotating speed difference between the pressure plate and the lifting plate, avoids the use of a release bearing, avoids a complex mechanism of hydraulic gear shifting, and has the advantages of simple manufacture, low cost, high reliability and the like; at the second gear, all the planetary wheel mechanisms are locked, no gear meshing efficiency loss exists, and the whole power transmission efficiency is high; the bearing capacity is high; light in weight, compact structure, part quantity is few, and it is simple to maintain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile transmission, in particular to an automatic speed changing device for an electric automobile.
Background
With the development of the new energy automobile industry, the electric automobile needs to adapt to more road conditions and longer endurance mileage. At present, the transmission part of most electric automobiles is only provided with a reduction gearbox with a fixed speed ratio, the reduction gearbox with the fixed speed ratio provides high requirements for the design of a driving motor, the motor has a wider rotating speed range, and the characteristics of high torque under a low-speed working condition, high efficiency, high silence under a high-speed working condition and the like need to be met. The requirements of the electric automobile can be met only by matching with a multi-gear gearbox, which is difficult to meet simultaneously under the existing practical motor technical conditions.
The multi-gear gearbox is compared with a fixed speed ratio gearbox, the loss of power output is smaller, the power output efficiency of the motor can be greatly improved, if the multi-gear gearbox with a reasonable speed ratio range can be matched, the power output characteristic of the motor is optimized, the economy and the dynamic performance of the new energy automobile can be greatly improved, the battery loss is reduced, and the endurance mileage of the new energy automobile is increased.
Because the motor has better speed regulation capability, the gearbox of the new energy automobile does not need too many gears. In order to balance cost factors, gears are generally arranged less, and the following problems are that the gears among the gears are larger, so that the technical difficulties of large impact, long power interruption time and the like in the gear shifting process of the gearbox are brought.
AT present, the multi-gear gearbox of the new energy automobile mainly adopts the structures of AMT, Double Clutch (DCT), AT and the like, and the existing multi-gear gearbox technology AT present has AT least the following problems:
1. the AMT gear shifting mechanism has long gear shifting time and complex control;
2. when the AMT gearbox transmits power, only one pair of gears actually bears the load, the impact caused by rapid torque change of the new energy automobile cannot be borne, and the gear shaft is easy to lose effectiveness in early stage;
3. the double-clutch structure is complex, the requirement on installation precision is high, and the component cost is high;
4. the AT hydraulic shifting mechanism is complex to control, high in component cost and needs to consume part of power.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the hydraulic control structure in the multi-gear gearbox of the existing electric automobile is complex, the manufacturing difficulty is high, and the use cost is high.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an automatic transmission for an electric automobile comprises a planetary gear mechanism, an output shaft, a first clutch, a second clutch and a gear shifting mechanism, wherein the planetary gear mechanism, the output shaft, the first clutch, the second clutch and the gear shifting mechanism are arranged in a shell;
the output shaft is driven by a motor through a planetary gear mechanism;
the gear shifting mechanism controls linkage switching between the first clutch and the second clutch, and the linkage switching between the first clutch and the second clutch controls locking and unlocking of the planetary gear mechanism so as to realize switching between two gears.
The planetary gear mechanism comprises a first sun gear, a second sun gear, a planet gear and a planet carrier, the first sun gear is sleeved on the output shaft and is connected with the output shaft in a rotating mode, the first sun gear is driven by the motor, the first sun gear is meshed with one end of the planet gear, the other end of the planet gear is meshed with the second sun gear, the planet gear is connected to the planet carrier in a rotating mode, the output shaft is fixedly connected with the planet carrier, and the second sun gear is connected with the planet carrier in a rotating mode.
The planet wheel comprises two first planet wheels and two second planet wheels, wherein one first planet wheel is fixedly connected with one second planet wheel, the two first planet wheels are respectively and externally meshed with the outer side of the first sun wheel, the two second planet wheels are respectively and rotatably connected to the planet carrier, and the two second planet wheels are respectively and externally meshed with the outer side of the second sun wheel.
Wherein, first clutch includes first dustcoat, first center cover, first separation and reunion assembly and rises the board, it sets up in the one end of first dustcoat to rise the board, the other end fixed connection planet carrier of first dustcoat, first center cover is fixed to be overlapped and is located on the second sun gear, it is provided with the pressure spring to rise between board and the center cover, first separation and reunion assembly sets up and is used for controlling the closure and the separation of first center cover and first dustcoat between first center cover and the first dustcoat.
The first outer cover is sleeved on the second sun gear, and a bearing is arranged between the first outer cover and the second sun gear.
The second clutch comprises a second outer cover, a second center sleeve, a second clutch assembly and a pressure plate, the second outer cover is fixedly connected with the shell, the second center sleeve is fixedly connected with the pressure plate, the pressure plate is fixedly sleeved on the second sun gear, the second clutch assembly is arranged between the second outer cover and the second center sleeve and used for controlling the closing and the separation of the second center sleeve and the second outer cover, and the pressure plate is mutually abutted to the lifting plate.
Wherein, the gearshift is the gear shift piston, the gear shift piston is connected to the pressure plate and control pressure plate's translation.
The gear shifting mechanism is an electric screw rod, an electric push rod, an electric self-energizing cylinder, an air cylinder, a hydraulic rod or a pull cable.
Wherein the first clutch and the second clutch are wet clutches or dry clutches.
The planetary wheel mechanism comprises two or more groups of planet wheels.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the automatic speed change device for the electric automobile provided by the invention can realize various modes of no power interruption output and intermediate neutral output through the stroke setting of clutch separation and combination; the linkage switching between the two clutches can be realized by operating one gear shifting mechanism, the second clutch is simplified into a brake during the first gear, the first clutch is in a normally closed state during the second gear, the working pressing force can be generated by a pressure spring, the requirement on the running precision of the gear shifting mechanism is low, and meanwhile, the pressure plate and the lifting plate have no rotating speed difference, so that the use of a release bearing is avoided, meanwhile, a complex mechanism for hydraulic gear shifting is avoided, and the advantages of simple manufacture, low cost, high reliability and the like are realized; at the second gear, all the planetary wheel mechanisms are locked, no gear meshing efficiency loss exists, and the whole power transmission efficiency is high; in the power transmission process, a plurality of planet wheels are meshed with each other to transmit power at the same time, impact is dispersed, and the bearing capacity is high; light in weight, compact structure, part quantity is few, and it is simple to maintain.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an automatic transmission for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention:
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the first clutch and the second clutch at A in FIG. 1;
description of reference numerals:
1. a planetary wheel mechanism; 11. a first sun gear; 12. a second sun gear; 13. a first planet gear; 14. a second planet wheel; 15. a planet carrier;
2. an output shaft;
3. a first clutch; 31. a first housing; 32. a first center sleeve; 33. a first clutch assembly; 34. lifting the plate; 35. a pressure spring;
4. a second clutch; 41. a second housing; 42. a second center sleeve; 43. a second clutch assembly; 44. a platen;
5. a gear shift mechanism;
6. a housing;
7. an electric motor.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the automatic transmission for an electric vehicle of the present invention includes a planetary gear mechanism 1, an output shaft 2, a first clutch 3, a second clutch 4, and a shift mechanism 5 disposed in a housing 6;
the output shaft 2 is driven by a motor 7 through a planetary gear mechanism 1;
the gear shifting mechanism 5 controls linkage switching between the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 4, and the linkage switching between the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 4 controls locking and unlocking of the planetary gear mechanism 1 so as to realize switching between two gears.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the automatic speed change device for the electric automobile provided by the invention can realize various modes of no power interruption output and intermediate neutral output through the stroke setting of clutch separation and combination; the linkage switching between the two clutches can be realized by operating one gear shifting mechanism, the second clutch is simplified into a brake during the first gear, the first clutch is in a normally closed state during the second gear, the working pressing force can be generated by a pressure spring, the requirement on the running precision of the gear shifting mechanism is low, and meanwhile, the pressure plate and the lifting plate have no rotating speed difference, so that the use of a release bearing is avoided, meanwhile, a complex mechanism for hydraulic gear shifting is avoided, and the advantages of simple manufacture, low cost, high reliability and the like are realized; at the second gear, all the planetary wheel mechanisms are locked, no gear meshing efficiency loss exists, and the whole power transmission efficiency is high; in the power transmission process, a plurality of planet wheels are meshed with each other to transmit power at the same time, impact is dispersed, and the bearing capacity is high; light in weight, compact structure, part quantity is few, and it is simple to maintain.
Further, the planetary gear mechanism 1 includes a first sun gear 11, a second sun gear 12, a planetary gear and a planet carrier 15, the first sun gear 11 is sleeved on the output shaft 2 and is rotationally connected with the output shaft 2, the first sun gear 11 is driven by the motor 7, the first sun gear 11 is meshed with one end of the planetary gear, the other end of the planetary gear is meshed with the second sun gear 12, the planetary gear is rotationally connected to the planet carrier 15, the output shaft 2 is fixedly connected with the planet carrier 15, and the second sun gear 12 is rotationally connected with the planet carrier 15.
Further, the planet wheel includes two first planet wheels 13 and two second planet wheels 14, one first planet wheel 13 and a second planet wheel 14 fixed connection, two first planet wheels 13 respectively engage in the first sun gear 11 outside, two second planet wheels 14 respectively rotate and connect on planet carrier 15, two simultaneously second planet wheels 14 respectively engage in the second sun gear 12 outside.
Further, the first clutch 3 includes a first outer cover 31, a first center sleeve 32, a first clutch assembly 33 and a lifting plate 34, the lifting plate 34 is disposed at one end of the first outer cover 31, the other end of the first outer cover 31 is fixedly connected with the planet carrier 15, the first center sleeve 32 is fixedly sleeved on the second sun gear 12, a pressure spring 35 is disposed between the lifting plate 34 and the center sleeve, and the first clutch assembly 33 is disposed between the first center sleeve 32 and the first outer cover 31 and used for controlling the closing and the separation of the first center sleeve 32 and the first outer cover 31.
Further, the first outer cover 31 is sleeved on the second sun gear 12, and a bearing is disposed between the first outer cover 31 and the second sun gear 12.
Further, the second clutch 4 includes a second outer cover 41, a second center sleeve 42, a second clutch assembly 43 and a pressure plate 44, the second outer cover 41 is fixedly connected to the housing 6, the second center sleeve 42 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 44, the pressure plate 44 is fixedly sleeved on the second sun gear 12, the second clutch assembly 43 is arranged between the second outer cover 41 and the second center sleeve 42 for controlling the closing and the separation of the second center sleeve 42 and the second outer cover 41, and the pressure plate 44 is abutted to the lifting plate 34.
Further, the shift mechanism 5 is a shift piston that is coupled to the pressure plate 44 and controls the translation of the pressure plate 44.
Further, the gear shifting mechanism 5 is an electric screw rod or an electric push rod or an electric self-energizing cylinder or an air cylinder or a hydraulic rod or a pull cable.
Further, the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 4 are wet clutches or dry clutches.
Further, the planetary gear mechanism 1 includes two or more sets of planetary gears.
From the above description, it can be known that the bearing capacity of the transmission can be improved by providing a plurality of sets of planet wheels.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: in the process of transmitting power, a motor drives a first sun gear to serve as power input, the first sun gear drives a first planet gear to rotate, and meanwhile, a second planet gear integrated with the first planet gear is driven to rotate; when the first clutch assembly is loosened and the second clutch is closed, the second sun gear is static, and at the moment, the second planet gear is meshed and circulated along the second sun gear to drive the planet carrier to rotate, and the output shaft is fixedly connected with the planet carrier to output first-gear power;
when the first clutch assembly is closed and the second clutch is released, the second sun gear and the planet carrier are in a relative locking state, the first sun gear, the first planet gear, the second sun gear and the planet carrier are all locked into a whole, the power input by the motor directly drives the output shaft to rotate to output the power of the second gear, and the second gear is a direct gear;
in the gear shifting process, the gear shifting piston is pushed to move axially, so that the pressure plate is controlled to push the lifting plate to move axially, the pressure spring is compressed, the first clutch assembly is separated gradually, meanwhile, the pressure plate gradually compresses the friction plate of the second clutch assembly, the second clutch is closed, and the second gear is switched to the first gear;
after external force loosens the thrust acting on the gear shifting piston, the pressure plate pushes the lifting plate of the first clutch under the action of the pressure spring, the lifting plate of the first clutch pushes the pressure plate of the second clutch assembly to return along the axial direction, and the pressure plate loosens the pressure acting on a friction plate of the second clutch assembly, so that the second clutch is separated; when the external force continues to loosen the thrust acting on the gear shifting piston, the first clutch assembly is closed under the action of the pressure spring of the first clutch, and the first gear is switched to the second gear.
The first embodiment is as follows:
an automatic transmission for an electric automobile comprises a planet wheel mechanism 1, an output shaft 2, a first clutch 3, a second clutch 4 and a gear shifting mechanism 5, wherein the planet wheel mechanism 1, the output shaft 2, the first clutch 3, the second clutch 4 and the gear shifting mechanism 5 are arranged in a shell 6;
the output shaft 2 is driven by a motor 7 through a planetary gear mechanism 1;
the gear shifting mechanism 5 controls linkage switching between the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 4, and the linkage switching between the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 4 controls locking and unlocking of the planetary gear mechanism 1 so as to realize switching between two gears;
the planetary gear mechanism 1 comprises a first sun gear 11, a second sun gear 12, a planetary gear and a planetary carrier 15, wherein the first sun gear 11 is sleeved on the output shaft 2 and is rotationally connected with the output shaft 2, the first sun gear 11 is driven by a motor 7, the first sun gear 11 is meshed with one end of the planetary gear, the other end of the planetary gear is meshed with the second sun gear 12, the planetary gear is rotationally connected to the planetary carrier 15, the output shaft 2 is fixedly connected with the planetary carrier 15, and the second sun gear 12 is rotationally connected with the planetary carrier 15;
the planet wheels comprise two first planet wheels 13 and two second planet wheels 14, one first planet wheel 13 is fixedly connected with one second planet wheel 14, the two first planet wheels 13 are respectively externally meshed with the outer side of the first sun wheel 11, the two second planet wheels 14 are respectively rotatably connected to a planet carrier 15, and the two second planet wheels 14 are respectively externally meshed with the outer side of the second sun wheel 12;
the first clutch 3 comprises a first outer cover 31, a first center sleeve 32, a first clutch assembly 33 and a lifting plate 34, the lifting plate 34 is arranged at one end of the first outer cover 31, the other end of the first outer cover 31 is fixedly connected with the planet carrier 15, the first center sleeve 32 is fixedly sleeved on the second sun gear 12, a pressure spring 35 is arranged between the lifting plate 34 and the center sleeve, and the first clutch assembly 33 is arranged between the first center sleeve 32 and the first outer cover 31 and used for controlling the closing and the separation of the first center sleeve 32 and the first outer cover 31;
the first outer cover 31 is sleeved on the second sun gear 12, and a bearing is arranged between the first outer cover 31 and the second sun gear 12;
the second clutch 4 includes a second outer cover 41, a second center sleeve 42, a second clutch assembly 43 and a pressure plate 44, the second outer cover 41 is fixedly connected with the housing 6, the second center sleeve 42 is fixedly connected with the pressure plate 44, the pressure plate 44 is fixedly sleeved on the second sun gear 12, the second clutch assembly 43 is arranged between the second outer cover 41 and the second center sleeve 42 for controlling the second center sleeve 42 and the second outer cover 41 to be closed and separated, and the pressure plate 44 is abutted to the lifting plate 34;
the shifting mechanism 5 is a shift piston that is connected to the pressure plate 44 and controls the translation of the pressure plate 44.
The first clutch 3 and the second clutch 4 are wet clutches;
the planetary wheel mechanism 1 comprises two sets of planet wheels.
Example two:
an automatic transmission for an electric automobile comprises a planet wheel mechanism 1, an output shaft 2, a first clutch 3, a second clutch 4 and a gear shifting mechanism 5, wherein the planet wheel mechanism 1, the output shaft 2, the first clutch 3, the second clutch 4 and the gear shifting mechanism 5 are arranged in a shell 6;
the output shaft 2 is driven by a motor 7 through a planetary gear mechanism 1;
the gear shifting mechanism 5 controls linkage switching between the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 4, and the linkage switching between the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 4 controls locking and unlocking of the planetary gear mechanism 1 so as to realize switching between two gears;
the planetary gear mechanism 1 comprises a first sun gear 11, a second sun gear 12, a planetary gear and a planetary carrier 15, wherein the first sun gear 11 is sleeved on the output shaft 2 and is rotationally connected with the output shaft 2, the first sun gear 11 is driven by a motor 7, the first sun gear 11 is meshed with one end of the planetary gear, the other end of the planetary gear is meshed with the second sun gear 12, the planetary gear is rotationally connected to the planetary carrier 15, the output shaft 2 is fixedly connected with the planetary carrier 15, and the second sun gear 12 is rotationally connected with the planetary carrier 15;
the planet wheel includes three first planet wheel 13 and three second planet wheel 14, one first planet wheel 13 and a second planet wheel 14 fixed connection, it is three first planet wheel 13 is outer meshing respectively in the first sun gear 11 outside, and is three second planet wheel 14 rotates respectively and connects on planet carrier 15, and is three simultaneously second planet wheel 14 is outer meshing respectively in the outside of second sun gear 12.
The first clutch 3 comprises a first outer cover 31, a first center sleeve 32, a first clutch assembly 33 and a lifting plate 34, the lifting plate 34 is arranged at one end of the first outer cover 31, the other end of the first outer cover 31 is fixedly connected with the planet carrier 15, the first center sleeve 32 is fixedly sleeved on the second sun gear 12, a pressure spring 35 is arranged between the lifting plate 34 and the center sleeve, and the first clutch assembly 33 is arranged between the first center sleeve 32 and the first outer cover 31 and used for controlling the closing and the separation of the first center sleeve 32 and the first outer cover 31;
the first outer cover 31 is sleeved on the second sun gear 12, and a bearing is arranged between the first outer cover 31 and the second sun gear 12;
the second clutch 4 includes a second outer cover 41, a second center sleeve 42, a second clutch assembly 43 and a pressure plate 44, the second outer cover 41 is fixedly connected with the housing 6, the second center sleeve 42 is fixedly connected with the pressure plate 44, the pressure plate 44 is fixedly sleeved on the second sun gear 12, the second clutch assembly 43 is arranged between the second outer cover 41 and the second center sleeve 42 for controlling the second center sleeve 42 and the second outer cover 41 to be closed and separated, and the pressure plate 44 is abutted to the lifting plate 34;
the gear shifting mechanism 5 is an electric screw rod;
the first clutch 3 and the second clutch 4 are dry clutches;
the planetary wheel mechanism 1 comprises three sets of planet wheels.
In summary, the automatic transmission for an electric vehicle according to the present invention can realize various modes of no power interruption output and intermediate neutral output by setting the stroke of the clutch in combination and disengagement; the linkage switching between the two clutches can be realized by operating one gear shifting mechanism, the second clutch is simplified into a brake during the first gear, the first clutch is in a normally closed state during the second gear, the working pressing force can be generated by a pressure spring, the requirement on the running precision of the gear shifting mechanism is low, and meanwhile, the pressure plate and the lifting plate have no rotating speed difference, so that the use of a release bearing is avoided, meanwhile, a complex mechanism for hydraulic gear shifting is avoided, and the advantages of simple manufacture, low cost, high reliability and the like are realized; at the second gear, all the planetary wheel mechanisms are locked, no gear meshing efficiency loss exists, and the whole power transmission efficiency is high; in the power transmission process, a plurality of planet wheels are meshed with each other to transmit power at the same time, impact is dispersed, and the bearing capacity is high; the weight is light, the structure is compact, the number of parts is small, and the maintenance is simple;
through setting up multiunit planet wheel, can promote the bearing capacity of derailleur.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An automatic transmission for an electric vehicle is characterized by comprising a planetary gear mechanism, an output shaft, a first clutch, a second clutch and a gear shifting mechanism, wherein the planetary gear mechanism, the output shaft, the first clutch, the second clutch and the gear shifting mechanism are arranged in a shell;
the output shaft is driven by a motor through a planetary gear mechanism;
the gear shifting mechanism controls linkage switching between the first clutch and the second clutch, and the linkage switching between the first clutch and the second clutch controls locking and unlocking of the planetary gear mechanism so as to realize switching between two gears;
the planetary gear mechanism comprises a first sun gear, a second sun gear, a planetary gear and a planet carrier, the first sun gear is sleeved on the output shaft and is rotationally connected with the output shaft, the first sun gear is driven by the motor, the first sun gear is meshed with one end of the planetary gear, the other end of the planetary gear is meshed with the second sun gear, the planetary gear is rotationally connected to the planet carrier, the output shaft is fixedly connected with the planet carrier, and the second sun gear is rotationally connected with the planet carrier;
the planet gears comprise two first planet gears and two second planet gears, one first planet gear is fixedly connected with one second planet gear, the two first planet gears are respectively and externally meshed with the outer side of the first sun gear, the two second planet gears are respectively and rotatably connected to the planet carrier, and the two second planet gears are respectively and externally meshed with the outer side of the second sun gear;
the first clutch comprises a first outer cover, a first center sleeve, a first clutch assembly and a lifting plate, wherein the lifting plate is arranged at one end of the first outer cover, the other end of the first outer cover is fixedly connected with a planet carrier, the first center sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the second sun gear, a pressure spring is arranged between the lifting plate and the center sleeve, and the first clutch assembly is arranged between the first center sleeve and the first outer cover and used for controlling the closing and the separation of the first center sleeve and the first outer cover.
2. The automatic transmission device for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the first cover is fitted over the second sun gear, and a bearing is provided between the first cover and the second sun gear.
3. The automatic transmission device for the electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the second clutch includes a second cover, a second center sleeve, a second clutch assembly and a pressure plate, the second cover is fixedly connected to the housing, the second center sleeve is fixedly connected to the pressure plate, the pressure plate is fixedly sleeved on the second sun gear, the second clutch assembly is disposed between the second cover and the second center sleeve for controlling the second center sleeve to close and separate from the second cover, and the pressure plate abuts against the lift plate.
4. The automatic transmission for electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the shift mechanism is a shift piston that is coupled to the pressure plate and controls the translation of the pressure plate.
5. The automatic transmission device for the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the shift mechanism is an electric screw or an electric push rod or an electric self-energizing cylinder or an air cylinder or a hydraulic rod or a cable.
6. The automatic transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the first clutch and the second clutch are wet clutches or dry clutches.
7. The automatic transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the planetary gear mechanism includes two or more sets of planetary gears.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110854729.5A CN113700810B (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | High-reliability automatic speed change device for electric automobile |
| CN202010156314.6A CN111237403B (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Automatic speed change device for electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010156314.6A CN111237403B (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Automatic speed change device for electric automobile |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110854729.5A Division CN113700810B (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | High-reliability automatic speed change device for electric automobile |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111237403A CN111237403A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
| CN111237403B true CN111237403B (en) | 2021-06-25 |
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ID=70867172
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010156314.6A Active CN111237403B (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Automatic speed change device for electric automobile |
| CN202110854729.5A Active CN113700810B (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | High-reliability automatic speed change device for electric automobile |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110854729.5A Active CN113700810B (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | High-reliability automatic speed change device for electric automobile |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN111237403B (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113700810B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
| CN111237403A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
| CN113700810A (en) | 2021-11-26 |
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