CN111237310A - Solid punch rivet, punch rivet joint part with at least two parts thereof and method for connecting a plurality of parts by means of a solid punch rivet - Google Patents
Solid punch rivet, punch rivet joint part with at least two parts thereof and method for connecting a plurality of parts by means of a solid punch rivet Download PDFInfo
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- CN111237310A CN111237310A CN202010071962.1A CN202010071962A CN111237310A CN 111237310 A CN111237310 A CN 111237310A CN 202010071962 A CN202010071962 A CN 202010071962A CN 111237310 A CN111237310 A CN 111237310A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
- F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
- F16B19/06—Solid rivets made in one piece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/04—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
- F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
- F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
- F16B19/086—Self-piercing rivets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
Abstract
Solid punch rivet 1 with which a connection can be produced between at least two components arranged like a stack of layers to one another, having the following features: having a longitudinal axis L along the centerMA rivet head 10 of a rivet shaft 30 extending from the rivet head 10; at the end of the rivet shaft 30 facing away from the rivet head 10, an annular rivet foot 40 is provided, which has a rivet foot front surface 42; radially inward of the rivet foot 40 and starting from the rivet foot front surface 42 and about the central longitudinal axis LMSymmetrically extends into at least one annularly formed shaft cavity 50 in the rivet shaft 30.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solid punch rivet, by means of which a connection or a joint can be produced between at least two components, which are arranged one above the other in a stack. The invention further relates to a punch rivet joint of at least two components arranged one above the other and to a method for connecting or joining at least two components by means of a solid punch rivet.
Background
In order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, automobile manufacturers are concentrating on developing new bodies so that weight can be reduced. Therefore, the proportion of high-strength materials such as 22MnB5(Usibor) is increased in safety-relevant parts of the motor vehicle. In addition, lightweight designs are increasingly being used to construct vehicles.
A semi-hollow punch rivet for the above-mentioned fields of application is described, for example, in DE102009050342B 4. The punch rivet has a larger shaft wall thickness and a larger shaft diameter than the hitherto customary punch rivet geometries. With such a semi-hollow punch rivet, a Usibor layer of a sheet with a maximum thickness of 1.7 mm can be joined. However, due to the increase in the shaft diameter, the punching or setting force required for introducing the semi-hollow punch rivet into the component stack is increased. Furthermore, the default joining system is not suitable for processing such punch rivets, since it is designed for separating and conveying punch rivet elements having a shaft diameter of about 5.5 mm. Therefore, since the above-described semi-hollow punch rivet is a special solution, alternative connecting elements are sought.
A resistance solution similar to the above described punch rivet geometry is disclosed in DE1020130205041 and EP2024651B 2.
EP0833063B1 describes a semi-hollow punch rivet of a light metal, such as aluminium or an aluminium alloy. The semi-hollow punch rivet is used for connecting light metal plates and the like. Since it is not composed of steel, weight-optimized connecting or joining elements are used in addition to the light metal sheets. However, the use of light metal semi-hollow punch rivets for steel joints or ultra high strength is problematic. Since a high joining force is required in this case, the semi-hollow punch rivet does not have adequate stability.
The semi-hollow punch rivet of the above-mentioned european patent comprises a conical shaft cavity at its shaft end facing away from the head. The shaft cavity is arranged rotationally symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of the rivet shaft. The conical shape of the shaft cavity causes the slug to be received to be inclined when the blunt rivet foot effects separation of the slug from the part to be pierced. This is due to the sharp indentation of the axial cavity, which cannot be fully used due to the limited flowability of the slug material. This disadvantage is even more pronounced when joining steel parts, as described in EP1229254B 1.
Another possible configuration of a semi-hollow punch rivet with a blunt rivet foot is described in DE102005020416B 4. The described semi-hollow punch rivet comprises a shaft cavity with a bell-shaped design, when viewed in a longitudinal section of the rivet shaft. Starting from the radially inner side of the rivet foot, a convex arc extends almost as far as the bottom of the shaft cavity. At the bottom of the shaft cavity, the laterally arranged convex arcs are connected to each other by a combination of two further arcs. In contrast to the above-described configuration of a conical lumen, the use of a convex arc results in a greater taper of the lumen toward the shaft bottom. Thus, after sufficient separation from the first component, the slug snaps into the cavity earlier than if the cavity were conically formed, and formation of the connection or joint is hindered. Furthermore, the curved convex wall design used with semi-hollow punch rivets results in reduced stability in the foot of the shaft due to the smaller wall thickness. Therefore, there is a risk that the punching force transmitted in the axial direction from the rivet head cannot be effectively transmitted to the blunt rivet foot and the rivet shaft fails.
In view of the prior art, it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved geometry for a solid punch rivet which, in addition to reliably transmitting high punching forces, also ensures a higher stability of the punch rivet during setting.
Disclosure of Invention
The above object is solved by a solid punch rivet according to independent claim 1, by a punch rivet joint according to independent claim 12 and by a method of connecting at least two components by means of the solid punch rivet according to the invention of independent claim 13. Preferred designs and further developments of the invention are shown by the following description, the drawings and the appended claims.
With the solid punch rivet according to the invention, at least two rivets can be classified into one anotherThe connection is established between the components which are arranged like a lamination or in a lamination, and the solid punch rivet has the following characteristics: having a longitudinal axis L along the centerMA rivet head of a rivet shaft extending from the rivet head; an annular rivet foot with a front surface is arranged at one end of the rivet shaft, which is far away from the rivet head; radially inside the foot and starting from the foot front surface and surrounding the central longitudinal axis LMAt least one symmetrical, annularly formed shaft cavity extends into the rivet shaft.
In contrast to known punch rivets, the solid punch rivet of the invention is characterized by a special geometry of the existing shaft cavity. This is because the shaft cavity of the solid punch rivet is formed in a ring shape. During the joining process, the solid punch rivet supports itself on the components to be connected to one another by means of its annular rivet foot and a central support region or section which is surrounded by an annular shaft space. The pressing force exerted by the rivet head is thus transmitted via the rivet shaft (which is preferably formed almost completely as a solid element), via the geometry of the rivet foot and the central support in the annular shaft cavity. Furthermore, the rivet shaft, which is preferably formed almost completely as a solid element, is stabilized in its interior. This is because the rivet shaft formed almost entirely as a solid member preferably prevents the solid punch rivet from being compressed due to the punching force even if the high-strength steel and the ultra-high-strength steel are connected or joined to each other.
Although the annular shaft cavity provides a smaller receiving space than the known shaft cavities of semi-hollow punch rivets, the geometry of the rivet foot has sufficient freedom of deformation to produce a reliable undercut in the punch rivet connection or punch rivet joint. This is because the depth of the annularly formed shaft cavity is preferably designed in such a way that the geometry of the rivet foot has an axial length sufficient to form an undercut. In addition, the radial width of the annular shaft cavity is preferably selected such that the rivet foot is deformed radially outward to form an undercut, preferably after penetrating the first component in the laminated component arrangement.
Preferably, the rivet shaft of the solid punch rivet of the invention has a diameter DaShaft diameter of ≦ 5.6 mm, preferably Da5.5 mm ═ m. The preferred shaft diameter forms the basis for processing the solid punch rivet described above using standard installation tools and feed systems. This ensures an efficient working process despite the changing geometry of the rivet and improves the quality of the connection without the need to develop special solutions of the system technology for the setting tools and the feeding system.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the solid punch rivet according to the invention, the depth t of the annular shaft cavity, measured between the front surface of the rivet foot and the lowest point of the annular shaft cavityB，tBAt 1/10. Da≤tB≤1/4·DaIn the range, especially 1/8. multidot.Da≤tB≤2/5·Da。
As already indicated above, the preferred solid punch rivet according to the invention represents an alternative combination of the positive properties of a semi-hollow punch rivet and a solid punch rivet, wherein the solid punch rivet has a rivet shaft formed as a solid element. This is because the stability of the solid rivet shaft is combined with an annular shaft cavity, the depth of which is sufficient to ensure that a reliable undercut is formed, in addition to ensuring a high stability of the rivet shaft. Therefore, it is preferable to have the depth of the annular shaft cavity closely match the shaft diameter. This is because too great a depth of the annular shaft cavity would destabilize the central region or portion extending parallel to the central longitudinal axis and surrounded by the annular shaft cavity, such that this region or portion would not provide a reliable supporting force for the solid punch rivet.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the solid punch rivet of the invention comprises only one annular shaft cavity in the rivet foot, and a mandrel or pin is arranged centrally with respect to the shaft cavity. The central pin preferably forms the aforementioned central support portion extending parallel to the central longitudinal axis, which central support portion is surrounded by the shaft cavity. During the joining process, the central pin establishes contact centrally with the parts to be connected to one another relative to the cross section of the rivet shaft. Thus, the solid punch rivet is supported not only by the geometry of the rivet foot, but also by the pin. The front surface of the annular rivet foot and the central contact surface of the pin transmit the pressing force to the component stack, so that energy and force are introduced into the component stack in a distributed manner.
According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the pin is parallel to the central longitudinal axis LMProjects beyond the rivet foot in a direction facing away from the rivet head. According to another preferred alternative, the pin is parallel to the central longitudinal axis L due to its parallelismMIs arranged in alignment with the rivet foot in a direction away from the rivet head. According to a third preferred alternative, the pin is arranged recessed or recessed in the annular shaft cavity in the direction away from the rivet head due to its length parallel to the central longitudinal axis. This means that the annular shaft cavity has a depth beyond which the pin projects, but at the same time the pin does not project beyond the front surface of the rivet foot in a direction away from the head.
The support and contact between the solid punch rivet to be installed and the components to be connected to each other can be varied by selectively adjusting the length of the pin within the annular shaft cavity. In this case, the recessed pins preferably support the accommodation of larger press remnants, due to the increased accommodation of the shaft cavity. In contrast, a preceding pin or a pin protruding beyond the rivet foot preferably ensures that the adjacent component is pre-damaged before the rivet foot strikes the component. The pin length to achieve alignment of the pin with the front surface of the rivet foot increases the contact surface on the adjacent part available for transferring the punching force. The pressing force is thus transmitted not only in the radially outer annular region or section of the front surface of the rivet foot, but also in the stable central section of the rivet shaft, which is formed almost as a solid element. Thus, preferably, the use of a combination of an annular shaft cavity and a central pin is adapted to the different materials of the components to be connected to each other in a stack-like arrangement of the components.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the pin has a pin length L relative to the lowest point of the annular shaft spaceDLength L of pinDAt 1/50. L is less than or equal to LDLess than or equal to L. According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the pin comprises a pin diameter DDDiameter of pin DDHas a range of 1/5. Da≤DD≤1/3·Da. According to a preferred embodiment of the end of the shaft facing away from the head, the pin, which is concentric with the central longitudinal axis and rotationally symmetrical about the central longitudinal axis, transitions via a circular arc segment into the lowermost part of the annular shaft cavity. The lowest portion of the annular shaft cavity is the portion closest to the rivet head. Preferably, the pin diameter D is measured at the center of a circular arc segment provided in the foot of the pinD。
In order to make a compromise between solid and semi-hollow punch rivets, the shaft diameter D is usedaThe diameter of the pin is adjusted. In view of the fact that a pin diameter that is too large would reduce the annular shaft cavity too much to still be able to accommodate the material of the press slug associated with the connection. Pins with too thin or too small a diameter will not provide the necessary stability to transfer the punching forces to the parts to be interconnected. The diameter of the pin is therefore preferably adjusted in such a way that the annular shaft cavity provides sufficient accommodation space for the punching residue.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the solid punch rivet according to the invention, the rivet foot front surface merges radially on the inside into a circular convex entry section in the annular shaft space. The convex inlet portion also preferably tangentially transitions into an adjoining linearly extending continuation with respect to the central longitudinal axis LMOr the cylindrical side of the rivet shaft is disposed at an acute angle α.
It has proven advantageous if the geometry of the rivet foot preferably extends into the annular shaft space via the convex entry section. This preferred circular-arc-shaped design of the entry section ensures that the mechanical tension peaks are reduced when the punch residue is divided by the rivet foot geometry and pressed into the annular shaft cavity. This influence of the mechanical tension generated in the rivet foot region or section is achieved by selective shaping of the shaft cavity, preferably reducing the risk of compressing the rivet shaft. In addition, it preferably supports a balanced displacement of the material into the annular axial cavity without mechanically overloading the rivet foot portion at tension peaks.
According to the preferred design of the solid punch rivet described above, the continuation is arranged at an acute angle α in the range 0 ° < α ≦ 60 °.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the solid punch rivet according to the invention, in combination with the above-described application using only one annular shaft cavity and one central pin, the pin has a central longitudinal axis L parallel to the rivet shaft leading to the rivet headMThe extended central passage is open or blind to form a hollow rivet.
By means of the opening arranged inside the central pin, two functions are preferably achieved. Firstly, the pin continues to be used for central support of the rivet shaft in order to transmit the punching forces to the components to be connected to one another. Furthermore, the opening in the pin provides a further accommodation space for the displacement volume of at least the first part. This is because, in addition to the annular shaft cavity, the opening in the central pin also serves to accommodate material which has already been punched out of at least the first component as a result of the geometry of the rivet foot. Depending on the material of the components to be connected to one another, central holes with different depths are preferably formed in the pin. According to one alternative, the hole is embodied as a through-hole with an opening at the rivet head. According to another alternative, the hole is a blind hole, which ends inside the rivet shaft. Thereby, additional receiving spaces of different sizes are provided, into which the displaced material of at least a first component in the stack of components can be displaced.
The invention also discloses a punch rivet joint of at least two parts which are stacked on top of one another in a stack-like or stack-like manner, comprising that the parts are connected by means of a solid punch rivet according to one of the above-described embodiments.
Furthermore, the invention discloses a method for connecting at least two components by means of solid punch rivets, comprising the following steps: at least two components are arranged on top of each other on a die or anvil and a solid punch rivet according to one of the above embodiments is mounted to the at least two components.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of a solid punch rivet, with characteristic dimensions for defining the geometry of the solid punch rivet,
figure 2 shows an example of a preferred design of the rivet head of a solid punch rivet,
figure 3 shows an example of a preferred embodiment of a solid punch rivet having only one annular shaft cavity concentric with the central longitudinal axis and a central pin, aligned with the rivet foot and having an optional central recess,
figure 4 shows an example of a preferred embodiment of a solid punch rivet with two annular cavities and one central pin,
fig. 5 shows an enlarged portion of the preferred rivet foot of the solid punch rivet, showing the preferred variation in foot width of the blunt rivet foot of the solid punch rivet,
fig. 6 shows an enlarged portion of a preferred rivet foot of a solid punch rivet, showing a preferred variation in the diameter of the center pin of the solid punch rivet,
fig. 7 shows an enlarged portion of a preferred rivet foot of a solid punch rivet, showing the variation in depth of the annular shaft cavity,
fig. 8 shows an enlarged portion of a preferred rivet foot of a solid punch rivet, showing the depth of the annular shaft cavity and the variation in the length of the center pin,
fig. 9 shows a preferred embodiment of a stamped rivet joint with two parts of a preferred solid stamped rivet of the invention, comprising a preceding pin or a pin protruding beyond the rivet foot,
figure 10 shows an example of another preferred embodiment of a solid punch rivet with only one annular shaft cavity and a central pin, which is aligned with the rivet foot and has a central blind hole towards the rivet head,
fig. 11 shows a preferred embodiment of a punch rivet joint with two parts of a preferred solid punch rivet of the present invention, wherein the preferred solid punch rivet includes a pin aligned with the rivet foot,
fig. 12 shows a preferred embodiment of a punch rivet joint with three parts of a preferred solid punch rivet of the present invention, wherein the preferred solid punch rivet includes a pin aligned with the rivet foot,
FIG. 13 shows a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method of joining by solid punch rivets.
List of reference numerals
1, semi-hollow punching rivet; 54 a continuation thereof;
10 riveting heads; 70 pins;
30 rivet shafts; 72 is provided with an opening;
a 32 cylindrical side surface; 76 circular arc transitions to the lowest point of the shaft cavity 50;
40 rivet feet; l is the total length;
42 rivet foot front surface; l isMA longitudinal axis;
50 axial cavities; b1, B2, B3 components;
52 convex inlet portion.
Detailed Description
A preferred embodiment of a solid punch rivet 1 according to the invention is shown in fig. 1. FIG. 1 is a view transverse to the longitudinal axis L of a solid punch rivet 1MSchematic cross-sectional view of (a).
The solid punch rivet 1 includes a rivet head having a head diameter DKAnd a rivet shaft 30 extending from the rivet head 10. Depending on the application, the rivet head 10 has a preferred head shape, as schematically shown in fig. 2. Thus, the rivet shaft 30 is preferably combined with a countersunk head (fig. 2A), a countersunk head with a rounded transition to the rivet shaft 30 (fig. 2B) or a blunt head (fig. 2C). It is also preferred to join the rivet head 10 as a functional element 12, for example as a bolt or nut (fig. 2D).
The rivet shaft 30 has a blunt rivet foot 40 opposite the rivet head 10. The rivet foot 40 includes a rivet foot front surface 42 having a front surface width BS. The rivet foot front surface 42 is preferably arranged perpendicular to the cylindrical side surface 32 of the rivet shaft 30. Likewise, the rivet foot front surface 42 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of the solid punch rivet 1MAnd (4) extending.
At least one annular shaft cavity 50 extends in the rivet shaft 30 from the rivet foot 40 in the direction of the rivet head 10. As can be seen from the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1, at least one annular axial cavity 50 is provided around the longitudinal axis L of the solid punch rivet 1MAre arranged rotationally symmetrically. The pin 70 is also preferably aligned with the longitudinal axis LMArranged parallel and concentrically and surrounded by an annular shaft cavity 50, as explained in more detail below.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the preferred solid punch rivet 1 shows only one annular shaft cavity 50, the annular shaft cavity 50 having a central pin 70 adjacent the rivet foot 40. Whereas the pin 70 in fig. 1 is formed as a solid element, the pin 70 in fig. 3 has a central recess 72. The central recess 72 can also be formed deeper in the direction of the rivet head 10 or can be formed as a through-hole up to the rivet head 10, the central recess 72 preferably serving to receive displaced material during the joining process. Fig. 10 shows a center pin 70 having a blind hole or opening 72 with a greater depth.
In contrast to the embodiments of fig. 1, 3 and 10, provision is also preferably made for the central longitudinal axis L to be presentMTwo annular shaft cavities 50 arranged concentrically. A preferred embodiment of this design adjacent to the rivet foot 40 is shown in fig. 4. Adjacent to the rivet foot 40, a first annular shaft cavity 50 is disposed radially inwardly, which first annular shaft cavity 50 surrounds a second annular shaft cavity 50'. A central pin 70 formed closed (i.e. without an opening) is centrally located. The rivet foot front surface 42, the pin 70 and the annular ring 60 located between the annular shaft cavities 50, 50' preferably end at the same height, i.e. they are arranged in alignment at the end of the rivet shaft 30. Due to this preferred arrangement, the three contact surfaces of the rivet foot 40, annular ring 60 and pin 70 simultaneously contribute to the transfer of the punching force from the solid punch rivet 1 to the adjacent component during the setting process.
It is also preferred that the annular ring 60, the pins 70 and the rivet feet 40 are arranged at partially equal or different heights, as explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to fig. 8.
In a preferred embodiment of the solid punch rivet 1 according to the invention, the solid punch rivet 1 has an axial diameterDaDiameter of shaft DaLess than or equal to 5.6 mm. Preferably, the shaft diameter DaEqual to 5.5 mm so that the solid punch rivet 1 can be processed with a conventional punch rivet system and feed system.
In this case, the rivet head 10 is preferably produced with a head diameter DKDiameter of head DKEqual to 7.75 mm. This standard or default size may ensure that known attachment and rivet feed systems are used.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the geometry of the solid punch rivet 1 described above is also preferably matched to other shaft diameters DaAnd/or head diameter DKAnd (4) combining.
It is further preferred that the rivet length L of the solid punch rivet 1 is in the range of 4 mm L9 mm. Depending on the application, the rivet length L is adapted to the thickness of the stack of the components to be joined or to be joined to each other to be joined by the joint to be produced.
In order to be able to achieve different joining tasks, the solid punch rivet 1 can preferably be made of different materials. Preferred rivet materials are steel, aluminum or copper or related alloys. Other materials are also preferred here for achieving the corresponding joining task.
As can be seen from the illustrations of the preferred annular shaft cavity 50 in fig. 1 and 3-8 and 10, the convex entry portion 52 begins at the radially inner edge of the rivet foot 40. The convex inlet portion 52 extends in the direction of the rivet head 10 in a circular arc shape. In the same manner, the pin 70 and the annular ring 60 each preferably merge into the adjacent annular shaft space 50 in the manner of a dome-shaped projection. This can be seen from the orientation of the portions 52, 72 and 62.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the circular arc shaped inlet portion 52 has a radius RS. Extends radially and is preferably perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis LMFoot width B of extended rivet foot front surface 42SPreferably at 1/30Da≤BS≤1/5DaIn the range of (1), wherein DaThe shaft diameter is as described above. Preferably foot width BSAt 1/15Da≤BS≤1/6DaWithin the range of (1).
Foot width BSA schematic diagram of the optimal variant of (2) is shown in fig. 5. It is clear that the increased foot width BSHow the rivet foot 40 is reinforced. It can also be seen that the foot width BSThe increase in (b) results in a decrease in the accommodation space of the annular shaft cavity 50.
Rivet foot width BSThe preferred lower limit of the given larger range ensures that the rivet foot 40 is spread out only after penetrating the top layer or the first part of a stack of parts. This ensures a larger undercut in the punch rivet joint or connection, which supports the connection of the components.
The stiffness of the rivet foot 40 varies with the foot width BSIs increased. Accordingly, with the foot width BSThe deformation of the rivet foot 40 or the expansion of the rivet foot 40 is limited or made difficult. In this case, it has been recognized that it is advantageous not to make the foot width BSExtending beyond the upper limit to still provide sufficient foot deformation and to provide sufficient accommodation for the slug in the annular axle cavity 50.
Because the shaft cavity 50 is formed in a ring shape unlike the conventional semi-hollow punch rivet, there is only a limited receiving space available for the punch remnant. In order not to unduly limit the preferred accommodation space and to utilize the supporting effect of the pin 70 during the stamping process, it is further preferred to set the foot width BS≤1/5Da。
Preferably, the inlet radius RSR is not less than 0.05 mmSLess than or equal to 4 mm.
The preferred convex inlet portion 52 makes it possible to widen the flow of the rivet foot 40 during joining. The flow widening of the rivet foot 40 is preferably also associated with a flow rising (floating) of the punching slug into the annular shaft cavity 50. This is particularly advantageous when combining a ductile material such as aluminum as a cover layer with press-hardened steel as a second layer or as an intermediate layer in a component stack and in a punch rivet connection provided therein.
If the inlet radius RSIf chosen too large, the curvature of the inlet portion 52 will be too small. Accordingly, the inlet portion 52 has an almost linear course, and thus the flow widening effect is lost.
If the inlet radius RSIf chosen too small, the sharp inlet portion will prevent flow widening and entry (see above). According to the invention, it is further preferred that the inlet radius R is dimensioned such that it is smaller than the inlet radius RSSet at R not more than 0.05 mmSLess than or equal to 4 mm.
The convex inlet portion 52 transitions tangentially to a linear continuation 54. The continuation 54 is formed like a side face of a truncated cone, the continuation 54 preferably immediately behind the inlet portion 52. Preferably, the linear extensions 54 extend parallel to each other relative to the cylindrical side 32 or the central longitudinal axis L of the rivet shaft 30MAt an acute angle α (see FIG. 1.) according to various preferred embodiments of the invention, the extensions 54 are arranged at an angle α in the range of 5 ° ≦ α ≦ 60 °.
The acute angle α of the continuation 54 has an effect on the rigidity of the rivet foot 40 and the associated undercut structure in the joint connection, for example, angles α >60 prevent the rivet foot 40 from expanding sufficiently, and additionally, the annular shaft cavity 50 with the central pin 70 will be reduced too much to accommodate the punch residue due to this large angle.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the annular axial cavity 50 has a depth tB. Depth tBIs defined as the distance between the rivet foot front surface 42 and the point of the annular cavity 50 closest to the rivet head 10. This is illustrated in figures 1, 7 and 8. In particular, FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the increased depth t of the annular shaft cavity 50BHow to increase, or vice versa, how to reduce the accommodation space for the stamping slugs or, in general, for the displaced component material.
Preferably, the depth tBAt 1/10Da≤tB≤1/4DaWithin the range of (1). According to a further preferred embodiment, the depth tBAt 1/8. Da≤tB≤2/5·DaWithin the range of (1). According to one embodiment of the invention, the twoPreferred ranges apply to Da5.5 mm. Due to the depth tBThe depth should be selected to be as large as possible with regard to the influence of the accommodation space.
The solid punch rivet 1 further comprises the pin 70 described above, the pin 70 preferably being aligned with the central longitudinal axis LMConcentrically arranged and having a pin length LD. The pin length L is measured between the lowest point of the annular axial space 50 closest to the rivet head 10 and the point of the pin 70 axially furthest from the rivet head 10D. Length of pin LDAs shown in fig. 8. By way of example, the dashed lines show how the annular shaft cavity 50 varies with the pin length LDIs varied.
According to various preferred embodiments of the present invention, the pin 70 has a length such that the pin 70 is disposed in alignment with the rivet foot front surface 42. This can be seen in the middle dashed lines shown in fig. 1 and 7 and fig. 8. In this case, LD＝tB. Fig. 11 and 12 show a corresponding preferred punch rivet joint or connection with the punch rivet 1 in a stack of two parts B1 and B2 and a stack of three parts B1, B2, B3.
In accordance with another preferred design of the present invention, the pin 70' is recessed within the annular shaft cavity 50 as shown in solid lines in FIG. 8. At this time, the pin length is preferably LD<tB. In the case of the recessed pin 70', the accommodation space in the shaft 30 increases. This is because, in addition to the annular shaft cavity 50, there is also space available in the direction of the pin 70' away from the upper head. Thus, the recessed pin 70' facilitates the lifting of the punch remnant into the shaft cavity 50. Furthermore, the punch residue supports the solid punch rivet 1 with a delayed effect, so that the expansion of the rivet foot 40 can be greater compared to longer pins 70.
As shown in fig. 8, a forward pin 70 "is also preferably provided. The preceding pin 70 "is preferably used to pre-break or pre-stress the component B1 to be pierced. Thus, the rivet foot 40 preferably needs to perform less punching work. This also reduces the mechanical load on the rivet foot 40.
In addition, preferably by means of the preceding pin 70 "and the rivet foot 4The multi-stage penetration of 0 into the first part B1 reduces the formation of cracks in the closed head. For the preceding pin 70 ", LD is preferred>tB。
According to another preference of the invention, the pin 70 comprises a preferred length LD，LDIn the range of 1/50. L.ltoreq.LD≤L。
The pins 70, 70', 70 ″ serve for axial support of the solid punch rivet 1 during the installation of the solid punch rivet 1 into at least two parts B1, B2 arranged one above the other. Thereby, deformation of the rivet is avoided. As the diameter of the pin 70, 70', 70 "increases, the supporting effect of the pin 70, 70', 70" increases. At the same time, however, the receiving space for the punched excess material is also reduced. Therefore, the diameter of the pin 70, 70', 70 "is preferably 1/5. Da≤DD≤1/3·DaWithin the range of (1). According to the above-mentioned preferred shape of the end of the shaft 30 facing away from the head, with the central longitudinal axis LMConcentric and surrounding the longitudinal axis LMThe rotationally symmetrical pin 70 merges via a circular segment 76 into the lowermost part of the annular shaft space 50. The lowermost portion of the annular cavity 50 is the portion closest to the rivet head 10. Preferably, the pin diameter D is measured at the center of a circular arc segment located in the foot of the pin 70D。
According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the pin 70 has a pin angle β (see FIG. 1) in the range of 10 ≦ β ≦ 120 ≦ if the pin angle β falls below the preferred lower limit, the stability of the pin 70 is too low, which may result in deformation of the pin 70 during engagement or result in insufficient load transfer or removal.
With respect to the cross-sectional shape of the pin 70 as shown in fig. 1, it is also preferred that the pin 70 have a convex arc shape similar to the inlet portion 52. Thus, the pin radius RDIs selected to be similar to or equal to the inlet radius RS。
Fig. 13 shows a flow chart of a method for connecting at least two components B1, B2 by means of the solid punch rivet 1 described above. In a first step S1, at least two components B1, B2 are arranged in a stack with each other on a mold or anvil. In a subsequent second step, the solid punch rivet 1 is mounted into the component stack to connect the components B1, B2 to each other.
Thus, there is a punch rivet connection or punch rivet connection in the at least two parts B1, B2 with three parts B1, B2, B3, which are connected to one another in a laminated arrangement by the solid punch rivet 1 described above (see exemplary fig. 9, 11, 12).
Claims (13)
1. A solid punch rivet (1), by means of which solid punch rivet (1) a connection can be established between at least two components which are arranged one above the other in a stack, the semi-hollow punch rivet (1) comprising the following features:
a. a rivet head (10), the rivet head (10) having a central longitudinal axis L from the rivet head (10)MAn extended rivet shaft (30),
b. at the end of the rivet shaft (30) facing away from the rivet head (10), an annular rivet foot (40) having a rivet foot front surface (42) is provided, and
c. at least one annularly formed shaft cavity (50) is radially inward of the rivet foot (40) and starting from the rivet foot front surface (42) and with respect to the central longitudinal axis LMSymmetrically extends into the rivet shaft (30).
2. A solid punch rivet (1) according to claim 1, said solid punch rivet (1) having a punch depth DaShaft diameter D less than or equal to 5.6 mmaPreferably Da5.5 mm.
3. A solid punch rivet (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the annular shaft cavity (50) has a depth t measured between the rivet foot front surface (42) and the lowest point of the annular shaft cavity (50)B，tBAt 1/10. Da≤tB≤1/4·DaIn the range, especially 1/8. multidot.Da≤tB≤2/5·Da。
4. A solid punch rivet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, said solid punch rivet (1) having only one annular shaft cavity (50) with a pin (70) within the rivet foot (40), said pin (70) being arranged centrally with respect to said shaft cavity.
5. A solid punch rivet (1) according to claim 4, wherein the pin (70) is parallel to the central longitudinal axis LMProjects beyond the rivet foot (40) in a direction away from the rivet head, or is aligned with the rivet foot (40) or is arranged recessed into the annular shaft cavity (50).
6. A solid punch rivet (1) according to claim 4 or 5 in combination with claim 3, wherein the pin (70) has a pin length L relative to the lowest point of the annular shaft cavity (50)DLength L of said pinDAt 1/50L is less than or equal to LDLess than or equal to L.
7. A solid punch rivet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 6, wherein the pin (70) has a diameter at 1/5-Da≤DD≤1/3·DaPin diameter D in the range ofD。
8. A solid punch rivet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rivet foot front surface transitions radially inside the rivet foot front surface (42) to a convex entry portion (52) in the shape of a circular arc in the annular shaft cavity (50).
9. A solid punch rivet (1) according to claim 8, wherein the inlet portion (52) tangentially transitions into a linearly extending continuation (54), the continuation (54) being relative to the central longitudinal axis LMDisposed at an acute angle α.
10. A solid punch rivet (1) according to claim 9, wherein the continuation (54) is arranged at an acute angle α in the range 0 ° < α ≦ 60 °.
11. Solid punch rivet (1) according to one of the preceding claims in combination with claim 4, the pin (70) having a central through hole (72) leading to the rivet head (10) or the longitudinal centre line L parallel to the rivet shaft (30)MAn extended blind hole to form a hollow rivet.
12. Punch rivet joint comprising at least two parts arranged in a stack on top of each other, which are connected to each other by a solid punch rivet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.
13. A method of connecting at least two components B1, B2 by means of said solid punch rivet (1), comprising the steps of:
a. at least two parts are arranged on a die or an anvil in a laminated state to each other (step S1),
b. mounting a solid punch rivet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-11 to the at least two components (step S2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019102380.7 | 2019-01-30 | ||
| DE102019102380.7A DE102019102380A1 (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2019-01-30 | Full punch rivet, a punch rivet connection from at least two components using the full punch rivet and a method for connecting the components to the full punch rivet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111237310A true CN111237310A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010071962.1A Pending CN111237310A (en) | 2019-01-30 | 2020-01-21 | Solid punch rivet, punch rivet joint part with at least two parts thereof and method for connecting a plurality of parts by means of a solid punch rivet |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111237310A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102019102380A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020102982A1 (en) | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-05 | Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH | Joining element, connection structure with the joining element, manufacturing method of the joining element and corresponding connection method |
| DE102021112715A1 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2022-11-17 | Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH | Semi-hollow punch rivet, a punch rivet connection of at least two components using the semi-tubular punch rivet and a method for connecting the components with the semi-tubular punch rivet and a manufacturing method of the semi-tubular punch rivet |
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| DE102005020416B4 (en) | 2005-05-03 | 2007-08-16 | Richard Bergner Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Semi-hollow punch rivet and punched rivet connection |
| US9759249B2 (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2017-09-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Joining structure |
| DE202013012734U1 (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2018-12-13 | Newfrey Llc | Punch rivet and punched rivet connection |
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| AT339152B (en) * | 1973-02-09 | 1977-10-10 | Weiss Edmund Friedrich | STAMP OR TEST LABELS, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE PLATES |
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| DE102019102380A1 (en) | 2020-07-30 |
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