CN111236841A - Batch drilling method for tension leg platform cluster wells - Google Patents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tension leg platform cluster well batch drilling method which is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) analyzing the configuration condition of tension leg platform cluster wells needing batch drilling, and establishing a drill pipe-drill pipe finite element analysis model according to the determined configuration condition of the drill pipe and the drill pipe; 2) performing batch drilling simulation to obtain simulation results of the drill pipe-drilling riser finite element analysis model under different drilling offset distance states; 3) performing finite element analysis on the simulation result obtained in the step 2) based on a pre-established batch drilling limiting criterion, and determining the maximum drilling range when batch drilling is performed on the tension leg platform cluster well. The method can greatly improve the efficiency of the drilling operation of the tension leg platform, and improve the utilization rate and the economic benefit of the drilling vertical pipe and the platform, thereby being widely applied to the field of batch drilling of cluster wells of the tension leg platform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tension leg platform cluster well batch drilling method, belongs to the technical field of offshore oil equipment, and is particularly suitable for batch drilling of cluster wells with deep operating water depth and densely distributed underwater well mouths.
Background
Tension leg platform is one of the platforms for offshore oil and gas development, and is a compliant platform that moors vertically. The tension leg system is always in a tensioned state, so that the platform has good movement performance and stability, and is particularly suitable for development of oil and gas resources in south China sea.
The tension leg platform has the characteristics of cluster well heads which are distributed at equal intervals and distributed densely. At present, the drilling operation method for the tension leg platform mainly comprises two modes of independent drilling and batch drilling, however, when the independent drilling mode is adopted, all drilling vertical pipes and drilling rods need to be recovered after drilling, the drilling machine is moved to the next wellhead, and then the drilling vertical pipes and the drilling rods are put in again, so that the operation efficiency is low, and the cost is high; when a batch drilling mode is adopted, although the operation efficiency can be greatly improved and the cost is saved, the collision of a drill rod and a vertical pipe can occur in the moving process, and particularly, the marine environment is more and more complex as the drilling depth is larger and larger, the situation is more likely to occur, and the safety of the drilling operation is threatened.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of dense distribution of the tension leg platform cluster wells, the invention aims to provide a tension leg platform cluster well batch drilling method, which is used for solving the problem of low drilling operation efficiency of the conventional tension leg platform and has high efficiency and reliability. The method is particularly suitable for the tension leg platform drilling operation with deep operation water depth and densely distributed cluster wells.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a tension leg platform cluster well batch drilling method comprises the following steps: 1) analyzing the configuration condition of the tension leg platform cluster well needing batch drilling, and establishing a drill pipe-drilling riser finite element analysis model according to the determined configuration condition; 2) performing batch drilling simulation to obtain simulation results of the drill pipe-drilling riser finite element analysis model under different drilling offset distance states; 3) performing finite element analysis on the simulation result obtained in the step 2) based on a pre-established batch drilling limiting criterion, and determining the maximum drilling range when batch drilling is performed on the tension leg platform cluster well.
Further, in step 1), when analyzing the configuration of the tension leg platform cluster well requiring batch drilling, the following steps are included: determining the layout conditions of the notches of the tension leg platform cluster well and the underwater wellhead; and determining the configuration of the drilling riser and the drill pipe of the tension leg platform cluster well.
Further, the drilling riser and drill pipe of the tension leg platform cluster well are configured to: the drilling riser is divided into the following from top to bottom configurations: the expansion joint, the blowout preventer, the tension joint, the tension short joint, the tension ring, the drilling riser single joint, the conical stress joint and the tieback connector; the configuration of the drill rods is that a drill rod main body is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of drill rods with the same structure, every two drill rods are connected through a coupling, and the coupling between every two drill rods is thicker than the drill rods.
Further, in the step 1), a method for establishing a drill pipe-drilling riser finite element analysis model according to the determined configuration condition includes the following steps: simulating the structures of the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe by adopting a pipe unit; the upper boundary constraint is platform motion, the lower boundary constraint is pipe-soil coupling action, and a nonlinear spring is adopted to simulate the lower boundary constraint; simulating the relationship between the drilling riser and the drill pipe by adopting a pipe-to-pipe contact unit; and simulating different gaps between the drilling vertical pipe and the drilling rod by adopting the contact sliding line so as to obtain a drilling rod-drilling vertical pipe finite element analysis model.
Further, in the step 2), the method for performing batch drilling simulation to obtain simulation results of the drill pipe-drilling riser finite element analysis model under different drilling offset distance states includes the following steps: 2.1) randomly selecting an initial wellhead; 2.2) offsetting the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe according to a preset drilling offset increment step length on the basis of the position of the initial wellhead, and fixing the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe at the top to offset the drilling vertical pipe and the lower part of the drill pipe when offsetting is performed; 2.3) carrying out finite element analysis on the deviated drilling riser-drill rod finite element model to obtain bending moment, stress and deviation data of the drilling riser and the drill rod under the current drilling deviation distance state; 2.4) repeating the steps 2.2) to 2.3), and sequentially increasing a drilling deviation increment step length on the basis of the current drilling deviation until the drilling riser and the drill rod are contacted, the contact friction force is greater than the axial force of the drill rod, or the deviation is stopped when the stress of the drilling riser and the drill rod exceeds the allowable stress of the drilling riser and the drill rod, so that the bending moment, stress and deviation data of the drilling riser and the drill rod under different drilling deviation distance states of the drilling riser-drill rod finite element model are obtained.
Further, in the step 3), the batch drilling limitation criterion is: under all working conditions, the maximum equivalent stress borne by the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe is respectively smaller than the allowable stress; the maximum bending moment of the well head must not exceed the allowable value; when the drilling riser interferes with the drill pipe, the generated friction force is smaller than the downward axial force of the drill pipe.
Further, in step 3), the method for determining the maximum drilling range when performing batch drilling on the tension leg platform cluster well by performing finite element analysis on the simulation result obtained in step 2) based on a pre-established batch drilling limiting criterion comprises the following steps: 3.1) judging whether the stress bending moment of the drill pipe-vertical pipe exceeds the allowable range, if so, determining that the last drilling offset distance is the maximum drilling range, and otherwise, entering the step 3.2); 3.2) judging whether interference occurs or not, if so, extracting the contact force of the drill rod and the stand pipe, and calculating the friction force; if no interference occurs, shifting by one wellhead spacing and returning to the step 3.1); 3.3) comparing the friction force with the downward axial force of the drill rod, and if the friction force of the drill rod is not more than the axial force, deviating by a wellhead spacing distance for finite element analysis; if the stress of the drill pipe of the vertical pipe exceeds the allowable range or the friction force of the drill pipe is larger than the axial force, the offset distance of the last drilling is the maximum range when batch drilling is carried out on the tension leg platform cluster well.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: (1) the invention has flexible drilling target, can be independently selected to be suitable for being used as the drilling target of the first well, namely the initial well mouth, and has higher applicability to cluster wells; (2) according to the invention, through small-range batch drilling, all wellheads in the maximum batch drilling range around are drilled in batches on the premise that a platform is not moved and the drilling vertical pipe is not recovered for re-drilling, so that the drilling efficiency is greatly improved; (3) according to the method, when the batch drilling range is determined, the interference between the stand pipes and the drill pipe are considered, and the accuracy of determining the batch drilling range is higher. Therefore, the invention can effectively save the drilling cost, improve the drilling efficiency, ensure the batch drilling safety, have certain academic value and engineering application prospect, and can be widely applied to the field of tension leg platform cluster well drilling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for batch drilling a cluster well in a small area using a tension leg platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of the tension leg platform cluster well underwater wellheads;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tension leg platform drilling riser principal configuration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a small-scale batch drill pipe-riser constraint;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart for determining a maximum batch drill range based on limiting criteria.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a tension leg platform cluster well batch drilling method, comprising the following steps:
1) analyzing the configuration condition of the tension leg platform cluster wells needing batch drilling, and establishing a drill pipe-drill pipe finite element analysis model according to the determined configuration condition of the drill pipe and the drill pipe;
2) performing batch drilling simulation to obtain simulation results of the drill pipe-drilling riser finite element analysis model under different drilling offset distance states;
3) performing finite element analysis on the simulation result obtained in the step 2) based on a pre-established batch drilling limiting criterion, and determining the maximum drilling range when batch drilling is performed on the tension leg platform cluster well.
In the step 1), when the configuration condition of the tension leg platform cluster well requiring batch drilling is analyzed, the following contents are included:
① determining the layout of the notches and underwater wellheads of the tension leg platform cluster well;
fig. 2 shows the underwater wellhead profile of the tension leg platform cluster well in this embodiment. The distribution characteristics of the underwater well head of the tension leg platform cluster well are as follows: when the platform equipment of the tension leg platform cluster well is determined, the notch of the platform is known, the layout of the underwater well mouth is determined by the layout criterion, and the underwater well mouth is distributed densely and arranged at a certain interval under general conditions. The distribution characteristic is that the cluster well is improved to the maximum extent and the drilling efficiency is improved on the premise that all the vertical pipes (including the drilling vertical pipe and the production vertical pipe) do not collide and interfere under any working condition.
② identifies the tension leg platform cluster well drilling riser and pipe configuration.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the drilling riser configuration from top to bottom is divided into: the device comprises a telescopic joint 1, a blowout preventer 2, a tension joint 3, a tension short joint 4, a tension ring 5, a drilling riser single joint 6, a conical stress joint 7 and a tieback connector 8. The drill rod main body is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of drill rods with the same structure, and the coupling part between every two drill rods is slightly thicker than the drill rod part.
In the step 1), when a drill pipe-drill pipe finite element analysis model is established according to the determined configuration conditions of the drill pipe and the drill pipe, the modeling analysis method of the drill pipe in the reference standard ISO 13624-2 specifically includes the following contents:
① simulating drilling riser and drill pipe structures using pipe units;
②, simulating the lower boundary constraint by adopting a nonlinear spring, wherein the upper boundary constraint is platform motion, and the lower boundary constraint is pipe-soil coupling;
③ simulating the relationship between the drilling riser and the drill pipe using an ITT (pipe to pipe contact unit) unit;
④ due to the size difference between the drill pipe collar position and the drill pipe body, different clearances between the drilling riser and the drill pipe are defined by the contact slip line, and then a drill pipe-drilling riser finite element analysis model is obtained.
In the step 2), the method for performing batch drilling simulation to obtain simulation results of the finite element analysis model of the drill pipe-drilling riser under different drilling offset distance states comprises the following steps:
2.1) randomly selecting an initial well mouth A, and selecting the initial well mouth at the center of the tension leg cluster well as possible in consideration of the drilling efficiency;
2.2) offsetting the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe according to a preset drilling offset increment step length on the basis of the position of the initial wellhead A, and fixing the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe at the top to offset the drilling vertical pipe and the lower part of the drill pipe when drilling offset is carried out; in the invention, the drilling offset increment step length is set as a well mouth spacing L;
2.3) carrying out finite element analysis on the deviated drilling riser-drill rod finite element model to obtain data of bending moment, stress, deviation and the like of the drilling riser and the drill rod under the current drilling deviation distance state;
2.4) repeating the steps 2.2) to 2.3), and sequentially increasing a drilling deviation increment step length on the basis of the current drilling deviation until the drilling riser and the drill rod are contacted, the contact friction force is greater than the axial force of the drill rod, or the deviation is stopped when the stress of the drilling riser and the drill rod exceeds the allowable stress of the drilling riser and the drill rod, so that the data of bending moment, stress, deviation and the like of the drilling riser and the drill rod in each drilling deviation distance state of the drilling riser-drill rod finite element model are obtained.
In the step 3), as shown in fig. 4, a schematic diagram of the limitation factors of the drill pipe-drilling riser for batch drilling in a small range is shown, and as can be seen from fig. 4, the main limitation factors for batch drilling in a small range include: (1) mechanical property factors of the drilling riser-drill pipe; (2) whether the drill pipe can continue to be drilled down by overcoming the maximum friction force generated by the interference between the stand pipe and the drill pipe. Thus, the present invention establishes the following narrow-range batch drilling limitation criteria from this analysis:
① under all working conditions, the maximum equivalent stress on the stand pipe and the drill pipe is respectively less than the allowable stress;
② the maximum bending moment of the well head must not exceed the allowable value;
③ the frictional force generated when the riser interferes with the drill pipe is less than the axial force of the drill pipe downward.
In the step 3), as shown in fig. 5, the method for determining the maximum drilling range when performing batch drilling on the tension leg platform cluster well by performing finite element analysis on the simulation result obtained in the step 2) based on the pre-established batch drilling limiting criterion includes the following steps:
3.1) judging whether the stress bending moment of the drill pipe-vertical pipe exceeds the allowable range, if so, determining that the last offset drilling distance is the maximum drilling range, and otherwise, entering the step 4.2);
3.2) judging whether interference occurs or not, if so, extracting the contact force of the drill rod and the stand pipe, and calculating the friction force; if no interference occurs, shifting by one wellhead spacing and returning to the step 4.1);
3.3) comparing the friction force with the downward axial force of the drill rod, and if the friction force of the drill rod is not more than the axial force, deviating by a wellhead spacing distance for finite element analysis; if the stress of the drill pipe of the vertical pipe exceeds the allowable range or the friction force of the drill pipe is larger than the axial force and can not overcome the friction force, the previous offset drilling distance is the maximum range when the batch drilling is carried out on the tension leg platform cluster wells.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the structure, connection mode, manufacturing process, etc. of the components may be changed, and all equivalent changes and modifications performed on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A tension leg platform cluster well batch drilling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) analyzing the configuration condition of the tension leg platform cluster well needing batch drilling, and establishing a drill pipe-drilling riser finite element analysis model according to the determined configuration condition;
2) performing batch drilling simulation to obtain simulation results of the drill pipe-drilling riser finite element analysis model under different drilling offset distance states;
3) performing finite element analysis on the simulation result obtained in the step 2) based on a pre-established batch drilling limiting criterion, and determining the maximum drilling range when batch drilling is performed on the tension leg platform cluster well.
2. A method of batch drilling a tension leg platform cluster well according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), when the configuration condition of the tension leg platform cluster well needing batch drilling is analyzed, the method comprises the following steps:
determining the layout conditions of the notches of the tension leg platform cluster well and the underwater wellhead;
and determining the configuration of the drilling riser and the drill pipe of the tension leg platform cluster well.
3. A method of batch drilling a tension leg platform cluster well according to claim 2, wherein: the drilling riser and drill pipe configuration of the tension leg platform cluster well is:
the drilling riser is divided into the following from top to bottom configurations: the expansion joint, the blowout preventer, the tension joint, the tension short joint, the tension ring, the drilling riser single joint, the conical stress joint and the tieback connector;
the configuration of the drill rods is that a drill rod main body is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of drill rods with the same structure, every two drill rods are connected through a coupling, and the coupling between every two drill rods is thicker than the drill rods.
4. A method of batch drilling a tension leg platform cluster well according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the method for establishing the finite element analysis model of the drill pipe-drilling riser according to the determined configuration condition comprises the following steps:
simulating the structures of the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe by adopting a pipe unit;
the upper boundary constraint is platform motion, the lower boundary constraint is pipe-soil coupling action, and a nonlinear spring is adopted to simulate the lower boundary constraint;
simulating the relationship between the drilling riser and the drill pipe by adopting a pipe-to-pipe contact unit;
and simulating different gaps between the drilling vertical pipe and the drilling rod by adopting the contact sliding line to obtain a drilling rod-drilling vertical pipe finite element analysis model.
5. A method of batch drilling a tension leg platform cluster well according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the method for performing batch drilling simulation to obtain simulation results of the finite element analysis model of the drill pipe-drilling riser under different drilling offset distance states comprises the following steps:
2.1) randomly selecting an initial wellhead;
2.2) offsetting the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe according to a preset drilling offset increment step length on the basis of the position of the initial wellhead, and fixing the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe at the top to offset the drilling vertical pipe and the lower part of the drill pipe when offsetting is performed;
2.3) carrying out finite element analysis on the finite element model of the drilling rod-drilling riser after the deviation to obtain bending moment, stress and deviation data of the drilling riser and the drilling rod under the current drilling deviation distance state;
2.4) repeating the steps 2.2) to 2.3), and sequentially increasing a drilling deviation increment step length on the basis of the current drilling deviation until the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe are contacted, the contact friction force is greater than the axial force of the drill pipe, or the deviation is stopped when the stress of the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe exceeds the allowable stress of the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe, so that the bending moment, stress and deviation data of the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe under different drilling deviation distance states of the drill pipe-drilling vertical pipe finite element model are obtained.
6. A method of batch drilling a tension leg platform cluster well according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the batch drilling limitation criterion is as follows:
under all working conditions, the maximum equivalent stress borne by the drilling vertical pipe and the drill pipe is respectively smaller than the allowable stress;
the maximum bending moment of the well head must not exceed the allowable value;
when the drilling riser interferes with the drill pipe, the generated friction force is smaller than the downward axial force of the drill pipe.
7. A method of batch drilling a tension leg platform cluster well according to claim 6, wherein: in the step 3), the method for determining the maximum drilling range when performing batch drilling on the tension leg platform cluster well by performing finite element analysis on the simulation result obtained in the step 2) based on the pre-established batch drilling limiting criterion comprises the following steps:
3.1) judging whether the stress and the bending moment of the drill pipe and the drilling vertical pipe exceed the allowable range, if so, determining that the last drilling offset distance is the maximum drilling range, and otherwise, entering the step 3.2);
3.2) judging whether the drilling riser and the drill rod interfere with each other, if so, extracting the contact force between the drill rod and the drilling riser, and calculating the friction force; if no interference occurs, returning to the step 3.1) to analyze the next drilling offset distance;
3.3) comparing the friction force with the downward axial force of the drill rod, and if the friction force of the drill rod is not more than the axial force, deviating by a wellhead spacing distance for finite element analysis; if the stress of the drill pipe of the vertical pipe exceeds the allowable range or the friction force of the drill pipe is larger than the axial force, the offset distance of the last drilling is the maximum range when batch drilling is carried out on the tension leg platform cluster well.
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