CN111234287A - Method for treating the surface of a polymer article, hydrophobic polymer article and use thereof - Google Patents

Method for treating the surface of a polymer article, hydrophobic polymer article and use thereof Download PDF

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CN111234287A
CN111234287A CN201811446571.2A CN201811446571A CN111234287A CN 111234287 A CN111234287 A CN 111234287A CN 201811446571 A CN201811446571 A CN 201811446571A CN 111234287 A CN111234287 A CN 111234287A
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hydrophobic
polymer
polymer product
washing machine
article
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杨青波
连元龙
戴文娟
熊明
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Wuxi Little Swan Co Ltd
Wuxi Little Swan Electric Co Ltd
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Wuxi Little Swan Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/12Chemical modification
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/10Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08J2323/12Polypropene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2325/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2325/02Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08J2325/04Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08J2325/06Polystyrene

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrophobic surface treatment, and discloses a polymer product surface treatment method, a hydrophobic polymer product and application thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (2) contacting the polymer product with an etching agent, drying and cooling to obtain the hydrophobic polymer product, wherein the etching agent is an organic solvent, and the hydrophobic polymer product prepared by the method has better hydrophobicity under the condition of unchanged mechanical property.

Description

Method for treating the surface of a polymer article, hydrophobic polymer article and use thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrophobic surface treatment, in particular to a polymer product surface treatment method, a hydrophobic polymer product and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, the bionic super-hydrophobic material attracts people's extensive attention due to its surface unique performance. The surface with a static contact angle of more than 150 degrees and a rolling angle of 0-10 degrees is generally defined as a super-hydrophobic surface, and has application values in the aspects of self-cleaning, corrosion prevention, pollution prevention and the like. Inspired by the "lotus effect" of nature, researchers found that the superhydrophobicity of a surface was determined by both the chemical composition and the microstructure of the surface. Based on this, methods for structuring a superhydrophobic surface such as a plasma etching method, a chemical deposition method, a sol-gel method, an electrostatic spinning method, a template method, and the like have been proposed.
CN1760112A discloses a method for manufacturing a superhydrophobic surface with a dual microstructure, which comprises the following steps: (1) micromachining is carried out on an aluminum sheet with the purity not lower than 99.99 percent to obtain a micron-sized array on the aluminum sheet, wherein the length, the width and the height of the microcolumns in the micron-sized array and the distance between the microcolumns in the micron-sized array are 10-100 mu m; (2) preparing a nanopore array on the surface of an aluminum sheet with a micron-sized array by adopting an anodic oxidation method, wherein the depth and the aperture of each pore in the nanopore array and the distance between each pore in the nanopore array are 10-100 nm; (3) taking an aluminum sheet with a micron-scale array and a nanopore array as a template, transferring a double microstructure of the aluminum sheet to a polymer film by adopting a nano-imprinting method, preserving heat, reducing the temperature to be below the glass transition temperature of a polymer, and keeping pressure in the cooling process; (4) separating the aluminum sheet and the polymer film to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface with the double microstructures, and the method has low production efficiency, is difficult to meet the requirement of mass production and has lower practicability.
CN101851069A discloses a method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface, which comprises the following steps: (1) spreading or fixing a layer of screen made of metal wires or high-temperature-resistant plastic wires on a plane or curved-surface high-temperature-resistant substrate, wherein the meshes of the screen are 200-2500 meshes; (2) hot-pressing a hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer on the screen or hot-pressing the screen on the surface of the hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer, and controlling the hot-pressing temperature to enable the surface of the hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer to reach a viscous flow state; (3) and stripping the screen from the surface of the hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer at the temperature lower than the viscous flow temperature of the hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer to obtain the polymer super-hydrophobic surface. However, this method can only obtain a small-sized superhydrophobic surface with a simple shape, and cannot handle a complicated large-sized part (e.g., a washing machine outer tub) with an irregular curved surface.
The washing tub of the washing machine includes a washing tub, which is generally referred to as an inner tub, and a tub, which is referred to as an outer tub. Water is present in the gap between the inner tub and the inner and outer tubs in normal operation of the washing machine. The pollutants such as impurity, incrustation scale, dirt, clothing batting, detergent foam in aquatic can adhere including in clearance between the outer bucket, plastics outer bucket surface, and along with the extension of time, the pollutant is more and more, and is in semi-closed state for a long time between washing bucket and the water holding bucket, and is more moist, breeds bacterium and microorganism easily. These contaminants and microorganisms are liable to cause secondary pollution in the washing tub of the washing machine along with the water flow during the washing process.
In summary, in the prior art, the hydrophobic treatment of the polymer requires the use of expensive raw materials, special processing equipment or complex processing technology, and it is difficult to realize industrial production, so there is a need in the art to provide a simple and easy hydrophobic treatment method for polymer products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the polymer hydrophobic treatment in the prior art needs to use expensive raw materials, special processing equipment or complex processing technology and is difficult to realize industrial production, and provides a polymer product surface treatment method, a hydrophobic polymer product and application thereof.
The inventor of the present invention found in the research that, by contacting the polymer product with an organic solvent, at a certain processing temperature and time (for example, the processing temperature is 60-100 ℃, and the time is 5-15min), a groove structure with a certain size can be formed on the surface of the polymer product, and the surface of the polymer article is capable of reforming a microcrystalline layer structure, possibly due to the formation of a trench structure and a microcrystalline layer structure on the surface of the polymer article, such that the polymer article is hydrophobic, and, the etching time is 5-15min, the polymer product can reach super-hydrophobic state (static contact angle is more than 150 degrees, rolling angle is less than or equal to 5 degrees), in addition, the polymer product is dissolved in organic solvent, the size and shape of the polymer article are not particularly limited, and the polymer article is particularly suitable for polymer articles with larger size and more complicated shape structure.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for treating a surface of a polymer article, the method comprising: and (3) contacting the polymer product with an etching agent, drying and cooling to obtain the hydrophobic polymer product, wherein the etching agent is an organic solvent.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a hydrophobic polymeric article prepared by the above method.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a use of the hydrophobic polymer as an outer tub of a washing machine.
Through the technical scheme, the size and the shape structure of the polymer product are not particularly limited, the hydrophobicity of the polymer product is effectively improved under the condition that the mechanical property of the polymer product is not influenced, in a preferred embodiment, for example, in example 1, an outer barrel of a washing machine is contacted with toluene and treated at 80 ℃ for 10min, the surface of the outer barrel of the washing machine can reach a super-hydrophobic state, the static contact angle is 151.7 degrees, and the rolling angle is 3 degrees.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of the surface of the outer barrel of the washing machine of the polymer product prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of the surface of the outer barrel of the washing machine of the polymer product prepared in example 4.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
In a first aspect the present invention provides a method of treating a surface of a polymeric article, the method comprising: and (3) contacting the polymer product with an etching agent, drying and cooling to obtain the hydrophobic polymer product, wherein the etching agent is an organic solvent.
In the present invention, the size and shape of the polymer product are not limited, and the polymer product is particularly suitable for polymer products with large size and complicated shape structure, such as an outer barrel of a washing machine.
In the present invention, the material of the polymer product may be a thermoplastic polymer, which can be softened at a high temperature and can maintain a certain shape after cooling and recrystallization, and the thermoplastic polymer may be a single polymer, for example, at least one of polypropylene, modified polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride, or a copolymer, for example, ABS plastic (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer).
In the invention, the modified polypropylene can be the existing, such as copolymerization modified polypropylene, graft modified polypropylene or glass fiber reinforced polypropylene, wherein, the block in the copolymerization modified polypropylene can be ethylene monomer, and the content of the ethylene monomer can be 2-3%; the graft modified polypropylene can be maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, and the grafting rate can be 4-5%; the addition amount of the glass fiber may be 30 to 40%, and the average length of the glass fiber may be 0.3 to 0.8 mm.
In the invention, the polymer product is contacted with the organic solvent, and the organic solvent can dissolve the surface of the polymer product, so that the mechanical properties (such as tensile strength and breaking strength) of the polymer product are not reduced while the purpose of etching the surface of the polymer product is achieved.
In the present invention, the organic solvent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of hexane, n-heptane, pentane, octane, toluene, xylene, benzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, toluene cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, diethyl ether, propylene oxide, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, methyl butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, acetonitrile, and pyridine.
In the present invention, the pressure of the contact is not particularly limited, and is preferably normal pressure, and in the present invention, the temperature of the contact may be 30 to 120 ℃ and the time may be 1 to 30min, and according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the contact may be 60 to 100 ℃ and the time may be 5 to 15 min.
In the invention, the contacting mode can be soaking, the soaking can suspend the polymer product in the etching solution to soak one surface of the polymer product, and the polymer product can also be immersed in the etching solution to completely immerse the polymer product.
In the present invention, the drying conditions may include: the temperature is 80-120 deg.C, and the time is 5-20 min.
In the present invention, the cooling method is not particularly limited, and preferably, the cooling method is natural cooling, and the cooling rate of the natural cooling is slow, generally 1 to 20 ℃/min, and particularly, when the cooling rate is 1 to 10 ℃/min, the cooling method further contributes to recrystallization of the surface of the polymer product, and a microcrystalline layer is formed on the surface of the polymer product.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a hydrophobic polymeric article prepared by the above method.
In the present invention, the surface of the polymer product has a microcrystalline layer structure, and the microcrystalline layer has a thickness of 100-1300nm, preferably 100-500nm, and in the present invention, the thickness of the microcrystalline layer is measured by an AFM atomic force microscope (for example, Agilent 7500 atomic force microscope, Inc.).
In the present invention, the surface of the hydrophobic polymer article has a groove structure having a length in the range of 1 to 10 μm and a depth in the range of 50 to 400nm, particularly, when the length of the groove structure is in the range of 2-7 μm and the depth is in the range of 50-150nm, the hydrophobic property of the polymer article can be further improved, in the present invention, the surface structure of the polymer article can be observed by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the length of the grooves on the surface of the polymer article was measured by SEM (for example, scanning electron microscope model S-3400N, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.), and the depth of the grooves was measured by AFM (for example, atomic force microscope model Agilent 7500, Agilent technologies, Inc.) method, and further, the length and depth of the groove structure on the surface of the polymer article were both in the range.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a use of the hydrophobic polymer as an outer tub of a washing machine.
In the invention, because the size of the outer barrel of the washing machine is larger, the shape and the structure are more complicated, and the outer barrel of the washing machine is difficult to carry out hydrophobic treatment in the prior art, the hydrophobic treatment method of the hydrophobic polymer product is particularly suitable for hydrophobic treatment of the outer barrel of the washing machine.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.
In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, various raw materials used were commercially available and were chemically pure.
The parameters of the static contact angle and the rolling angle are measured by a GB/T30447-2013 nano-film contact angle measuring method, wherein the static contact angle and the rolling angle are measured under the condition that a polymer product sample is contacted with water;
tensile Strength parameters part 1 was determined by GBT 1040.1-2006 tensile Properties of plastics: measuring general rules;
the polypropylene raw material of the outer barrel of the washing machine made of polypropylene is a commercial product with a trademark of 511MK40T of Mitsu petrochemical company;
the polystyrene material of the outer barrel of the washing machine is a commercial product with the trade name of PH-888G of Zhenjianqimei company.
Example 1
(1) Immersing a washing machine outer barrel made of polypropylene material into toluene at 80 ℃ for contact, and etching for 10min to obtain an etched washing machine outer barrel;
(2) and (3) putting the etched outer barrel of the washing machine into an oven at 105 ℃, drying for 5min, and naturally cooling at room temperature (25 ℃) (the cooling speed is 5 ℃/min) to obtain the outer barrel A-1 of the washing machine with hydrophobicity.
The results of measuring various performance parameters of the outer tub A-1 of the washing machine are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
(1) Immersing a washing machine outer barrel made of polypropylene material into a mixed solution of toluene and cyclohexane (the weight ratio of toluene to cyclohexane is 1: 1) at 60 ℃ for contact, and etching for 15min to obtain an etched washing machine outer barrel;
(2) and (3) putting the etched outer barrel of the washing machine into an oven at the temperature of 90 ℃, drying for 20min, and naturally cooling at room temperature (20 ℃) (the cooling speed is 3 ℃/min) to obtain the outer barrel A-2 of the washing machine with hydrophobicity.
The results of measuring various performance parameters of the outer tub A-2 of the washing machine are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
(1) Immersing a washing machine outer barrel made of polystyrene material into chlorobenzene at 100 ℃ for contact, and etching for 5min to obtain an etched washing machine outer barrel;
(2) and (3) putting the etched outer barrel of the washing machine into an oven at 110 ℃, drying for 10min, and naturally cooling at room temperature (30 ℃) (the cooling speed is 9 ℃/min) to obtain the outer barrel A-3 with hydrophobicity of the washing machine.
The results of measuring various performance parameters of the outer tub A-3 of the washing machine are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
According to the method of example 1, except that the etching time in step (1) is 30min, the washing machine outer barrel A-4 with hydrophobicity is obtained.
The results of measuring various performance parameters of the outer tub A-4 of the washing machine are shown in Table 1.
Example 5
The process of example 1 was followed except that in step (2), the cooling was carried out in an oven at a cooling rate of 20 ℃/min to give a hydrophobic washing machine outer tub a-5.
The results of measuring various performance parameters of the outer tub A-5 of the washing machine are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
The method of embodiment 1, except that step (1) is not included, the washing machine tub D-1 is obtained.
The results of measuring various performance parameters of the tub D-1 of the washing machine are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
According to the method of the embodiment 1, except that in the step (2), the etched outer barrel of the washing machine is directly placed at the room temperature of 25 ℃ without being dried in an oven, and is naturally cooled (the cooling speed is 5 ℃/min) until toluene is volatilized, so that the outer barrel D-2 of the washing machine is obtained.
The results of measuring various performance parameters of the tub D-2 of the washing machine are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001885863070000081
The results in table 1 show that the hydrophobic treatment of the surface of the polymer product (outer tub of washing machine) by the method of the present invention effectively improves the hydrophobicity of the polymer product without affecting the mechanical properties of the polymer product, and the examples 1 to 3 show that the polymer product has better hydrophobic properties and can reach a super-hydrophobic state.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. A method of treating a surface of a polymeric article, the method comprising: and (3) contacting the polymer product with an etching agent, drying and cooling to obtain the hydrophobic polymer product, wherein the etching agent is an organic solvent.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer article is made of a thermoplastic polymer, preferably at least one of polypropylene, modified polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is selected from at least one of hexane, n-heptane, pentane, octane, toluene, xylene, benzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, toluene cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, diethyl ether, propylene oxide, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, methyl butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, acetonitrile, and pyridine.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the conditions of the contacting comprise: the temperature is 30-120 deg.C, preferably 60-100 deg.C, and the time is 1-30min, preferably 5-15 min.
5. The method of claim 1 or 4, wherein the contacting is by soaking.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying conditions comprise: the temperature is 80-120 deg.C, and the time is 5-20 min.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the cooling is by natural cooling.
8. A hydrophobic polymeric article prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The hydrophobic polymer article according to claim 8, wherein the surface of the hydrophobic polymer article has a microcrystalline layer structure, preferably the microcrystalline layer has a thickness of 100-1300 nm.
10. The hydrophobic polymeric article of claim 8, wherein the surface of said hydrophobic polymeric article has a grooved structure, preferably said grooved structure has a length in the range of 1-10 μm and a depth in the range of 50-400 nm.
11. Use of the hydrophobic polymeric article of any one of claims 8 to 10 as an outer tub for a washing machine.
CN201811446571.2A 2018-11-29 2018-11-29 Method for treating the surface of a polymer article, hydrophobic polymer article and use thereof Pending CN111234287A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115895013A (en) * 2021-08-25 2023-04-04 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Hydrophilic surface, preparation method and application thereof

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020150723A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2002-10-17 Creavis Gesellschaft F. Techn. U. Innovation Mbh Surfaces which are self-cleaning by hydrophobic structures, and a process for their production
CN101724166A (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-06-09 江南大学 Preparation method of sanitary ware with super-hydrophobicity surface
CN102292165A (en) * 2009-01-22 2011-12-21 巴斯夫欧洲公司 Method of changing the wettability of plastic surfaces by solvent-induced precipitation
CN103755996A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-04-30 中国科学院化学研究所 Super lyophobic polypropylene material as well as preparation method and applications thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020150723A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2002-10-17 Creavis Gesellschaft F. Techn. U. Innovation Mbh Surfaces which are self-cleaning by hydrophobic structures, and a process for their production
CN101724166A (en) * 2008-10-24 2010-06-09 江南大学 Preparation method of sanitary ware with super-hydrophobicity surface
CN102292165A (en) * 2009-01-22 2011-12-21 巴斯夫欧洲公司 Method of changing the wettability of plastic surfaces by solvent-induced precipitation
CN103755996A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-04-30 中国科学院化学研究所 Super lyophobic polypropylene material as well as preparation method and applications thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115895013A (en) * 2021-08-25 2023-04-04 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Hydrophilic surface, preparation method and application thereof
CN115895013B (en) * 2021-08-25 2024-02-09 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Hydrophilic surface, preparation method and application thereof

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