CN111233750B - 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 sulfonyloxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VSTXCZGEEVFJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cycloundecyl-1,5-diazacycloundec-5-ene Chemical compound C1CCCCCC(CCCC1)N1CCCCCC=NCCC1 VSTXCZGEEVFJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002733 (C1-C6) fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 8
- PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonyl difluoride Chemical group CP(F)(F)=O PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- WFWDVPMSCRFFPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3,3-difluoro-4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound FC1(CN(CCC1OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)F WFWDVPMSCRFFPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)N(C)C KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTJLFBYYTSWTBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoropiperidine Chemical group FN1CCCCC1 MTJLFBYYTSWTBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- GQTXKSUYTZFNET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzyl-3,3-difluoropiperidin-4-ol Chemical compound C1C(F)(F)C(O)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 GQTXKSUYTZFNET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- BSUIXAFRVBJAOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-difluoro-1-methylpiperidin-4-ol Chemical compound CN1CCC(O)C(F)(F)C1 BSUIXAFRVBJAOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUQGDOXIAAIQGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-difluoropiperidin-4-ol Chemical class OC1CCNCC1(F)F JUQGDOXIAAIQGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940127291 Calcium channel antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000025966 Neurological disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003691 T-Type Calcium Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000030 T-Type Calcium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007131 anti Alzheimer effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- LTVOKYUPTHZZQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical group F[C]F LTVOKYUPTHZZQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009509 drug development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015220 hamburgers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005948 methanesulfonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000926 neurological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002547 new drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020016 psychiatric disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/40—Oxygen atoms
- C07D211/44—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4
- C07D211/46—Oxygen atoms attached in position 4 having a hydrogen atom as the second substituent in position 4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/68—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D211/72—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative, which is characterized in that the structure of the 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative is shown as a formula I, and R is hydrogen or C 1 ‑C 9 Alkyl, aryl, benzyl, CF 3 CO、R 2 CO or R 3 Any one of the OCOs; the R is 2 Is hydrogen, C 1 ‑C 9 Any one of alkyl, aryl or benzyl; the R is 3 Is C 1 ‑C 9 Any one of alkyl, aryl or benzyl: each of the foregoing groups is optionally unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents consisting of any one or more of free alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, halogen, alkoxy, or hydroxy. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the catalyst. The invention discloses a method for synthesizing a difluoro substituted unsaturated piperidine structure for the first time, which has simple process, easy industrialized operation and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pharmacy, in particular to a 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the field of pharmaceutical chemistry research, methods for introducing fluorine atoms are commonly used to improve the metabolic stability of drugs, to improve the lipid solubility, to regulate the acid-base properties of functional groups, and to improve the degree of binding of drug molecules to targets. The unique fluorine atom can be introduced into organic molecules to bring dramatic changes to the activity and the pharmaceutical properties of the molecules, and the method has obvious advantages in the aspect of developing drug molecules with safety and selectivity. Thus attracting more and more pharmaceutical chemists and companies to add lines of fluorine-containing drug development (E.P.Gillis, K.J.Eastman, M.D.Hill, D.J.Donnelly, N.A.Meanwell, J.Med.Chem.,2015,58,8315;J.Wang et al, chem.Rev.,2014,114,2432;S.Purser,P.R.Moore,S.Swallow,V.Gouverneur,Chem.Soc.Rev, 2008,37,320; K.Muller, C.Faeh, F.Diederich, science,2007,317,1881.)
Piperidine structures are an important class of intermediates in the development of new drugs. The structure is contained in many medicines, and the introduction of fluorine atoms and fluorine-containing groups into piperidine molecules is a new direction for developing new medicines.
The prior art shows that the compounds of the formula (A) are compared with the 5-HT 1D And 5-HT 1D The receptor binding capacity is comparable, but the oral absorption is much higher than that of the parent (Monique B.van Niel, et al, J.Med. Chem.1999,42, 2087-2104). The compounds of formula (B) are T-type calcium channel antagonists useful for the treatment or prevention of neurological or psychiatric disorders (Barrow J.C., lindsley C.W., shipe W.D., yang Z.; WO 2007002361). Compounds of structural formulae (C) and (D) have been found to have potent anti-Alzheimer's disease activity. Compounds of formula (E) are reported to have anticancer effects (Fatheree, P. Et al, U.S. Pat. No. 2006135764; john, V. Et al, WO2003043987; stanton, M.G. et al, WO2008030391; burger, M. Et al, WO 2008106692).
However, in the existing structure, difluoro structures on unsubstituted unsaturated piperidine rings have not been reported.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivatives.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivatives.
Compared with the existing method, the method has the advantages of milder reaction conditions, convenient industrial production operation and low cost.
In order to achieve one of the purposes of the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivatives, wherein the structure of the 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivatives is shown as formula I, and R is hydrogen or C 1 -C 9 Alkyl, aryl, benzyl, CF 3 CO、R 2 CO or R 3 Any one of the OCOs;
the R is 2 Is hydrogen, C 1 -C 9 Any one of alkyl, aryl or benzyl;
the R is 3 Is C 1 -C 9 Any one of alkyl, aryl or benzyl;
each of the above groups is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents consisting of any one or more of free alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, halogen, alkoxy or hydroxy.
In order to achieve the second object of the invention, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:
the preparation method of the 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative comprises the steps of taking the 3, 3-difluoro-4-hydroxypiperidine derivative shown in a formula II as a raw material, introducing a sulfonyloxy leaving group to obtain an intermediate product shown in a formula III, and then carrying out elimination reaction under alkaline conditions to obtain the 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative shown in a formula I finally, wherein the specific typical reaction formula is shown in a reaction formula 1:
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction formula 1 specifically includes the following steps:
step one, an intermediate product preparation step:
in a first organic solvent, 3-difluoro-4-hydroxy piperidine derivatives shown in formula II and sulfonyloxy compounds are mixed according to the formula 1: the ratio of 0.8 to 5.0 is in a temperature range of-78 ℃ to 100 ℃ under first alkaline conditions to produce an intermediate product shown as a formula III.
The first organic solvent comprises any one or more of ether solvents or halogenated hydrocarbon solvents;
the sulfonyloxy compound is sulfonyl chloride or sulfonic anhydride, the sulfonylating agent is used for introducing sulfonyloxy leaving group, and the sulfonyloxy leaving group is substituted C 1 -C 6 Fluoroalkyl sulfonyloxy groups of (a);
the first alkaline condition is an alkaline condition using a first organic alkaline reagent.
Step two, a final product preparation step:
the intermediate of formula III with a base reagent under second organic solvent and second alkaline conditions at 1: removing the sulfonyloxy leaving group by an elimination reaction at a ratio of 0.8-5.0 to produce a 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative represented by formula I;
the second organic solvent comprises any one or more of ethers, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, benzene or polysubstituted benzene solvents;
the second alkaline condition is an alkaline condition using a second organic alkaline reagent.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first organic base reagent comprises any one or more of triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, N-methylmorpholine, 1, 8-diazabicyclo undec-7-ene (DBU), pyridine or substituted pyridine.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second organic base reagent comprises any one or more of N-methylmorpholine, tetramethylguanidine (TMG), 1, 8-diazabicyclo undec-7-ene (DBU) or triethylenediamine (DABCO).
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polysubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon solvent comprises any one or more of toluene, xylene or halogenated benzene.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the substitution C 1 -C 6 The fluoroalkyl sulfonyloxy group of (a) includes any one of a trifluoromethyl sulfonyloxy group and a perfluoroethyl sulfonyloxy group.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the invention provides a method for synthesizing a difluoro substituted unsaturated piperidine structure, which provides a new idea for enriching a fluorine-containing piperidine medical mother nucleus structure;
secondly, after each step of reaction is finished, only conventional post-treatment and purification are needed, the method can be directly used for the next step of reaction, and the simplified operation can basically ensure that each step of reaction obtains higher yield;
thirdly, the starting materials and the used reagents related to the process route are easy to obtain, the technical scheme of the synthesis reaction is reasonable, and the process route can be used for mass production to meet the production of the medical raw materials. The environmental impact is controllable in the preparation process, and the green and environment-friendly effects can be realized.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless otherwise indicated, substituents and groups are defined as in formula (I).
The terms "room temperature" and "ambient temperature" refer to temperatures between 16 ℃ and 25 ℃ unless otherwise indicated.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
in the prior art, due to the strong electron withdrawing property of fluorine atoms, particularly the presence of difluoromethylene, the ortho-position leaving group is not easy to leave, and even elimination reaction is difficult.
When a common methanesulfonyloxy group is used as a leaving group, elimination reaction does not occur under the preparation conditions described in the present invention, and only a fluoroalkyl sulfonyloxy group which is more easily removed can be smoothly carried out.
The invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally conducted under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The proportions and percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of N-Boc-3, 3-difluoro-4-trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy piperidine (V)
Under the protection of nitrogen, the compound N-tertiary Ding Yang carbonyl-3, 3-difluoro-4-hydroxy piperidine (100 g,0.42mol,1.00 eq) shown in formula (IV) is dissolved in 800mL of dichloromethane, pyridine (100.0 g,1.26mol,3.00 eq) is added, the mixed solvent is cooled to minus 40 ℃, and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (177.7 g,0.63mol,1.50 eq) is slowly added. The resulting pale yellow clear liquid slowly returned to room temperature, and after stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, the reaction was monitored to end. The reaction mixture was quenched with 600mL of water and separated. The separated organic phase was washed once with saturated laboratory, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to give 155.0g of pale yellow solid, and the crude product was directly subjected to the next reaction without purification.
A compound of formula (V): 1 H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3 ),δ(ppm):5.02~4.98(m,1H),3.86~3.63(m,3H),3.54~3.47(m,1H),2.17~2.11(m,1H),1.49(s,9H)。
MS-ESI theoretical value (M): 369.3; actual value: 369.7 (M+H) + )。
EXAMPLE 2 preparation of N-benzyl-3, 3-difluoro-4-trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy piperidine (VII)
Under the protection of nitrogen, the compound N-benzyl-3, 3-difluoro-4-hydroxy piperidine (100 g,0.44mol,1.00 eq) shown in formula (VII) is dissolved in 800mL dichloromethane, pyridine (104.4 g,1.32mol,3.00 eq) is added, the mixed solvent is cooled to minus 40 ℃, and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (186.1 g,0.66mol,1.50 eq) is slowly added. The resulting pale yellow clear liquid slowly returned to room temperature, and after stirring at room temperature for 1.5 hours, the reaction was monitored to end. The reaction mixture was quenched with 600mL of water and separated. The separated organic phase was washed once with saturated laboratory, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to give 159.2g of pale yellow solid, and the crude product was directly subjected to the next reaction without purification.
A compound of formula (VIII): 1 H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3 ),δ(ppm):7.36~7.26(m,5H),4.95~4.80(m,1H),3.63(s,2H),3.95~3.85(m,1H),2.75~2.65(m,2H),2.60~2.48(m,1H),2.21~2.18(m,2H)。
MS-ESI theoretical value (M): 359.3; actual value: 359.5 (M+H) + )。
Example 3: preparation of N-methyl-3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine (X)
Under nitrogen protection, the compound N-methyl-3, 3-difluoro-4-hydroxypiperidine (10 g,66.2mmol,1.00 eq) of formula (X) was dissolved in 100mL of dichloromethane, pyridine (28.0 g,198.6mmol,3.00 eq) was added, the mixed solvent was cooled to-40℃and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (186.1 g,99.3mmol,1.50 eq) was slowly added. The resulting pale yellow clear liquid slowly returned to room temperature, and after stirring at room temperature for 1.5 hours, the reaction was monitored to end. The reaction mixture was quenched with 100mL of water and separated. The separated organic phase was used in a saturated laboratoryWashing once, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, and evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow oily substance, and purifying the crude product by a silica gel column to obtain a compound (9.37 g,50% yield) shown in the formula (XI): 1 H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3 ),δ(ppm):4.92~4.86(m,1H),2.89~2.81(m,2H),2.78~2.48(m,2H),2.38(s,3H),2.21~2.18(m,2H)。
EXAMPLE 4 preparation of N-Boc-3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine (VI)
The compound N-t-butoxycarbonyl-3, 3-difluoro-4-trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy piperidine (100 g,0.27mol,1.00 eq) of formula (V) was dissolved in anhydrous toluene (800 mL), and 1, 8-diazabicyclo undec-7-ene (DBU) (61.8 g,0.41mol,1.5 eq) was added thereto and stirred well. The resulting pale yellow mixture was heated to 100℃and reacted for 12 hours, and the reaction was detected to be complete. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, washed with saturated sodium chloride and separated. The organic phase is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and the solvent is evaporated to dryness to obtain crude product. The product was purified by distillation under reduced pressure to give the compound of formula (VI) (53.4 g,24.4mmol, purity 98%, yield 90%).
A compound of formula (VII): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl) 3 ),δ(ppm):6.16(brs,1H),5.90(brs,1H),3.98(s,2H),3.79(t,J=10.8Hz,2H),1.44(s,9H).
MS-ESI theoretical value (M): 219.2; actual value: 242.1 (M+Na) + )。
EXAMPLE 5 preparation of N-Boc-3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine (VI)
The compound N-t-butoxycarbonyl-3, 3-difluoro-4-trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy piperidine (100 g,0.27mol,1.00 eq) of formula (V) was dissolved in xylene (800 mL), and triethylenediamine (DABCO) (45.6 g,0.41mol,1.5 eq) was added thereto and stirred well. The resulting pale yellow mixture was heated to 120℃and reacted for 6 hours, and the reaction was detected to be complete. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, washed with saturated sodium chloride and separated. The organic phase is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and the solvent is evaporated to dryness to obtain crude product. The product was purified by distillation under reduced pressure to give the compound of formula (VI) (50.3 g,0.23mol, purity 98%, yield 85%).
Example 6: preparation of N-benzyl-3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine (IX)
The compound N-benzyl-3, 3-difluoro-4-trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy piperidine (100 g,0.28mol,1.00 eq) of formula (VIII) was dissolved in anhydrous toluene (800 mL), and 1, 8-diazabicyclo undec-7-ene (DBU) (63.5 g,0.42mol,1.50 eq) was added thereto and stirred well. The resulting pale yellow mixture was heated to 100℃and reacted for 12 hours, and the reaction was detected to be complete. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, washed with saturated sodium chloride and separated. The organic phase is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and the solvent is evaporated to dryness to obtain crude product. The product was purified by distillation under reduced pressure to give the compound of formula (VI) (53.9 g,25.8mmol, purity 98%, yield 92%).
A compound of formula (VII): 1 H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3 ),δ(ppm):7.39~7.29(m,5H),6.21~6.15(m,1H),5.90~5.80(m,1H),3.70(s,2H),3.10~3.07(m,2H),2.90(t,J=11.6Hz,2H)。
MS-ESI theoretical value (M): 209.2; actual value: 232.2 (M+Na) + )。
Example 7: preparation of N-benzyl-3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine (IX)
The compound N-benzyl-3, 3-difluoro-4-trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy piperidine (100 g,0.28mol,1.00 eq) of formula (VIII) was dissolved in anhydrous xylene (800 mL), and triethylenediamine (DABCO) (47.1 g,0.42mol,1.50 eq) was added thereto and stirred well. The resulting pale yellow mixture was heated to 120℃and reacted for 6 hours, and the reaction was detected to be complete. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, washed with saturated sodium chloride and separated. The organic phase is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and the solvent is evaporated to dryness to obtain crude product. The product was purified by distillation under reduced pressure to give the compound of formula (IX) (50.9 g,24.4mmol, purity 98%, yield 87%).
Example 8: preparation of N-methyl-3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine hydrochloride (XII)
The compound N-benzyl-3, 3-difluoro-4-trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy piperidine (10.0 g,35.3mmol,1.00 eq) of formula (XI) was dissolved in anhydrous toluene (80 mL), and 1, 8-diazabicyclo undec-7-ene (DBU) (8.06 g,53.0mmol,1.50 eq) was added and stirred well. The resulting pale yellow mixture was heated to 100℃and reacted for 12 hours, and the reaction was detected to be complete. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, washed with saturated sodium chloride and separated. The organic phase is dried by anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered, and the organic phase is communicated with hydrogen chloride gas to separate out salt from the product. The filter cake was collected by filtration and washed with ethyl acetate, and after drying, the compound (2.99 g,17.7mmol, purity 98%, yield 50%) shown in (XII) was obtained.
A compound of formula (XII): 1 H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6),δ(ppm):6.43~6.39(m,1H),6.21~6.16(m,1H),3.80(brs,2H),3.70(brs,2H),2.75(s,3H)。
the invention has the advantages that:
the implementation of the method enriches the types of the fluoropiperidine structures, and provides a new idea for obtaining more derivatives and bioactive molecules of the fluoropiperidine structures from unsaturated bonds in the follow-up process.
Claims (1)
1. The preparation method is characterized in that a raw material shown in a formula II is adopted to obtain a raw material shown in a formula III by introducing a sulfonyloxy leaving group, the raw material shown in the formula III is subjected to elimination reaction under alkaline conditions to obtain a 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative shown in a formula I finally, and a specific typical reaction formula is shown in a reaction formula 1:
the raw materials shown in the formula III are subjected to elimination reaction under alkaline conditions to obtain the final 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative shown in the formula I, the final 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative is carried out under organic solvents and organic alkaline conditions, and the intermediate product shown in the formula III and an alkaline reagent forming the organic alkaline conditions are prepared by the following steps: removing the sulfonyloxy leaving group by an elimination reaction at a ratio of 0.8-5.0 to produce a 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivative represented by formula I;
any one or more of ethers, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, benzene or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon solvents are used as the solvent for the elimination reaction;
the organic alkali reagent is any one of 1, 8-diazabicyclo undec-7-ene (DBU) or triethylene Diamine (DABCO);
in the 3, 3-difluoro-1, 2,3, 6-tetrahydropiperidine derivatives shown in the formula I, R is hydrogen, C1-C9 alkyl, aryl, benzyl and CF 3 CO、R 2 CO or R 3 Any one of the OCOs;
R 1 is a C1-C6 fluoroalkyl group;
r2 is any one of hydrogen, C1-C9 alkyl, aryl or benzyl;
and R3 is any one of C1-C9 alkyl, aryl or benzyl.
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