CN111233477A - Porous heat-insulating carbon block and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a porous heat-insulating carbon block and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problem of how to prepare a lining carbon brick for a blast furnace or an electric furnace by utilizing excellent high-temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance of a carbon material. The invention is prepared from the following raw materials: 55-70 parts of coke powder, 25-40 parts of binder, 1-5 parts of pore-forming agent and 1-3 parts of lubricant. The thermal insulation material which can be applied to the high-temperature environment of more than 2000 ℃ is produced by utilizing the excellent high-temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance of the carbon material and reducing the thermal conductivity of the carbon brick in a pore-forming mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon heat preservation, in particular to a porous heat preservation carbon block for a blast furnace and an electric furnace and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The existing manufacturers for producing carbon blocks mainly produce lining carbon bricks for blast furnaces and electric furnaces, only pay attention to the heat-conducting property of the carbon bricks during production, and pay little attention to the heat-insulating property of the carbon bricks. Carbon materials are few materials that can withstand temperatures above 2000 ℃, and are less expensive than other insulating materials that can withstand temperatures above 2000 ℃. How to prepare the lining carbon brick for the blast furnace and the electric furnace by utilizing the excellent high temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance of the carbon material is a problem which is urgently needed to be solved by manufacturers for producing carbon blocks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to prepare a lining carbon brick for a blast furnace and an electric furnace by utilizing the excellent high temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance of a carbon material, and provides a porous heat-insulating carbon block which can be applied to a high-temperature environment of more than 2000 ℃ and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a porous heat-insulating carbon block is prepared from the following raw materials: 55-70 parts of coke powder, 25-40 parts of binder, 1-5 parts of pore-forming agent and 1-3 parts of lubricant. The coke powder is aggregate, and the binder, the pore-forming agent and the lubricant are auxiliary materials.
The pore-forming agent is polystyrene foam microsphere particles with the particle size of 0.1-1.5 mm, the binder is coal tar or coal pitch, and the lubricant is oleic acid.
A preparation method of a porous heat-insulating carbon block comprises the following steps: 1. heating a kneading pot to 55-75 ℃, and then placing coke powder and foam microsphere particles in the kneading pot to mix for 30-60 minutes to obtain uniformly mixed matrix powder;
2. adding the binder coal tar into the mixed matrix powder, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 30-60 minutes;
3. adding a lubricant oleic acid into the kneading pot, and continuously stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a paste material required by production;
4. adding the paste prepared in the step 3 into a press for molding, and drying after molding to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. and (3) placing the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere to be calcined to 700-1350 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-5h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
The particle size of the coke powder is less than or equal to 100 meshes.
And (4) adding the paste in the step 4 into a press for molding, drying at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting into an oven, and drying at 80-150 ℃ for 4-10 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body. The staged drying at 80-150 ℃ for 8 hours refers to that drying is carried out in a plurality of temperature stages of 80 ℃, 100 ℃, 120 ℃, 150 ℃ and the like in an oven, the temperature is slowly increased, the drying process of the carbon brick green body is ensured to be gradual, the phenomenon that the product quality is affected due to the fact that the temperature is excessively increased violently is prevented, and the carbon brick green body is obtained after drying after forming.
The coke powder has high porosity and belongs to the coke powder which is difficult to graphitize, and the carbon brick is ensured to keep the disorder of the structure after being subjected to high temperature, so that the influence of the graphitization of the carbon material on the thermal conductivity at high temperature is prevented; the polystyrene foam microsphere particles used by the porous carbon brick can shrink in volume after carbonization, thereby leaving holes. And the carbon formed by carbonizing the polystyrene foam microsphere particles also belongs to the non-graphitizable carbon;
the binder used by the porous carbon brick is effective at normal temperature, can be molded at normal temperature, and can adjust the paste by adjusting the amount of added water and properly adding a plasticizer or a lubricant, so that the method can be applied to various molding modes such as extrusion, die pressing and the like.
The thermal insulation material which can be applied to the high-temperature environment of more than 2000 ℃ is produced by utilizing the excellent high-temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance of the carbon material and reducing the thermal conductivity of the carbon brick in a pore-forming mode.
Detailed Description
In the following, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1. Weighing 60 parts by weight of coke powder below 100 meshes and 5 parts by weight of polystyrene foam microspheres with the particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm, adding into a kneading pot, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 30 min; the coke powder is metallurgical coke powder.
2. Weighing 40 parts by weight of coal tar, adding into a kneading pot, and continuously stirring for 40 min;
3. adding 3 parts by weight of oleic acid serving as a lubricant into the kneading pot, and continuously stirring for 10 min;
4. mixing paste for 5min after the paste is taken out of a pot, adding the paste into a press for forming, drying the paste for 24h at room temperature after forming, putting the paste into an oven, and drying the paste for 8h at 80-150 ℃ in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. placing the green carbon brick into an atmosphere furnace, calcining to 850 ℃ under the nitrogen protection atmosphere, and preserving heat for 2 hours; and cooling and discharging to obtain the porous heat-insulating carbon brick.
The comparison result of the main parameters and the row standard (YB/T141-1998) of the porous heat-preservation carbon block prepared in the embodiment is shown in the table 1:
table 1 shows the main parameters and row standard (YB/T141) of the porous heat-insulating carbon block prepared in this example
1998) comparative results Table
| Detecting items | Unit of | National standard value | Measured value |
| True density (not less) | g/cm3 | 1.90 | 1.97 |
| Bulk density (not less) | g/cm3 | 1.54 | 1.70 |
| Compressive strength (not less) | MPa | 36 | 43 |
| Apparent porosity (not greater than) | ％ | 18 | 15 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the carbon brick prepared by the embodiment has the performance parameters of true density, volume density and compressive strength higher than the industry standard value, and the apparent porosity lower than the industry standard value, so that the main performance parameters of the carbon fiber reinforced porous heat-insulating carbon block prepared by the invention are superior to the industry standard value.
Example 2
A porous heat-insulating carbon block is prepared from the following raw materials: 55 parts of coke powder, 25 parts of coal tar or coal pitch, 1 part of polystyrene foam microsphere particles with the particle size of 0.1-1.5 mm and 1 part of oleic acid.
A preparation method of a porous heat-insulating carbon block comprises the following steps: 1. firstly heating a kneading pot to 55 ℃, and then placing coke powder with the granularity of less than or equal to 100 meshes and foam microsphere particles in the kneading pot for blending for 30 minutes to obtain uniformly mixed matrix powder;
2. adding the binder coal tar into the mixed matrix powder, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 30 minutes;
3. adding a lubricant oleic acid into the kneading pot, and continuously stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a paste material required by production;
4. adding the paste prepared in the step 3 into a press for molding, drying the paste at room temperature for 24 hours, then placing the paste into an oven, and drying the paste at 80 ℃ for 10 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. and (3) putting the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere, calcining to 700 ℃, and preserving heat for 5 hours to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
Example 3
A porous heat-insulating carbon block is prepared from the following raw materials: 70 parts of coke powder, 40 parts of coal tar or coal pitch, 5 parts of polystyrene foam microsphere particles with the particle size of 0.1-1.5 mm and 3 parts of oleic acid.
A preparation method of a porous heat-insulating carbon block comprises the following steps: 1. firstly heating a kneading pot to 75 ℃, and then placing coke powder with the granularity of less than or equal to 100 meshes and foam microsphere particles in the kneading pot for blending for 60 minutes to obtain uniformly mixed matrix powder;
2. adding the binder coal tar into the mixed matrix powder, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 60 minutes;
3. adding a lubricant oleic acid into the kneading pot, and continuously stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a paste material required by production;
4. and (3) adding the paste prepared in the step (3) into a press for forming, drying the paste at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting the paste into an oven, and drying the paste at 150 ℃ for 4 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body.
5. And (3) putting the carbon brick green body into an inert protective atmosphere, calcining to 1350 ℃, and preserving heat for 1h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
Example 4
A porous heat-insulating carbon block is prepared from the following raw materials: 60 parts of coke powder, 30 parts of coal tar or coal pitch, 3 parts of polystyrene foam microsphere particles with the particle size of 0.1-1.5 mm and 2 parts of oleic acid.
A preparation method of a porous heat-insulating carbon block comprises the following steps: 1. heating a kneading pot to 60 ℃, and then placing coke powder with the granularity of less than or equal to 100 meshes and foam microsphere particles in the kneading pot for blending for 50 minutes to obtain uniformly mixed matrix powder;
2. adding the binder coal tar into the mixed matrix powder, and fully mixing for 50 minutes in a kneading pot;
3. adding a lubricant oleic acid into the kneading pot, and continuously stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a paste material required by production;
4. and (3) adding the paste prepared in the step (3) into a press for molding, drying the paste at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting the paste into an oven, and drying the paste at 100 ℃ for 6 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body.
5. And (3) putting the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere to calcine to 850 ℃, and preserving heat for 3h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
Example 5
A porous heat-insulating carbon block is prepared from the following raw materials: 65 parts of coke powder, 35 parts of coal tar or coal pitch, 45 parts of polystyrene foam microsphere particles with the particle size of 0.1-1.5 mm and 2 parts of oleic acid.
A preparation method of a porous heat-insulating carbon block comprises the following steps: 1. firstly heating a kneading pot to 65 ℃, and then placing coke powder with the granularity of less than or equal to 100 meshes and foam microsphere particles in the kneading pot for blending for 50 minutes to obtain uniformly mixed matrix powder;
2. adding the binder coal tar into the mixed matrix powder, and fully mixing for 50 minutes in a kneading pot;
3. adding a lubricant oleic acid into the kneading pot, and continuously stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a paste material required by production;
4. and (3) adding the paste prepared in the step (3) into a press for forming, drying the paste at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting the paste into an oven, and drying the paste at 120 ℃ for 8 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body.
5. And (3) putting the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere to calcine to 1100 ℃, and preserving heat for 4 hours to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
Claims (5)
1. A porous heat preservation carbon block is characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials: 55-70 parts of coke powder, 25-40 parts of binder, 1-5 parts of pore-forming agent and 1-3 parts of lubricant.
2. The porous insulating carbon block of claim 1, wherein: the pore-forming agent is polystyrene foam microsphere particles with the particle size of 0.1-1.5 mm, the binder is coal tar or coal pitch, and the lubricant is oleic acid.
3. The method for preparing porous insulating carbon blocks according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: 1. heating a kneading pot to 55-75 ℃, and then placing coke powder and foam microsphere particles in the kneading pot to mix for 30-60 minutes to obtain uniformly mixed matrix powder;
2. adding the binder coal tar into the mixed matrix powder, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 30-60 minutes;
3. adding a lubricant oleic acid into the kneading pot, and continuously stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a paste material required by production;
4. adding the paste prepared in the step 3 into a press for molding, and drying after molding to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. and (3) placing the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere to be calcined to 700-1350 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-5h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
4. The method for preparing porous heat-insulating carbon blocks according to claim 3, characterized in that: the particle size of the coke powder is less than or equal to 100 meshes.
5. The method for preparing porous heat-insulating carbon blocks according to claim 3, characterized in that: and (4) adding the paste in the step 4 into a press for molding, drying at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting into an oven, and drying at 80-150 ℃ for 4-10 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1409542A (en) * | 1971-09-01 | 1975-10-08 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Method for manufacture of hollow body |
| CN1070389A (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-31 | 冶金工业部武汉钢铁设计研究院 | Light carbon brick |
| CN1468198A (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2004-01-14 | 西弗吉尼亚大学 | Methods of making a carbon foam |
| CN1624155A (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2005-06-08 | Sgl碳股份公司 | Carbon bricks with micro-porosity or supermicro-porosity and method for manufacturing |
| CN108472627A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-08-31 | 阿彻丹尼尔斯米德兰德公司 | It is molded porous carbon products |
-
2020
- 2020-03-13 CN CN202010180037.2A patent/CN111233477A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1409542A (en) * | 1971-09-01 | 1975-10-08 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Method for manufacture of hollow body |
| CN1070389A (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-31 | 冶金工业部武汉钢铁设计研究院 | Light carbon brick |
| CN1468198A (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2004-01-14 | 西弗吉尼亚大学 | Methods of making a carbon foam |
| CN1624155A (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2005-06-08 | Sgl碳股份公司 | Carbon bricks with micro-porosity or supermicro-porosity and method for manufacturing |
| CN108472627A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-08-31 | 阿彻丹尼尔斯米德兰德公司 | It is molded porous carbon products |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 张德祥等: "《煤化工艺学》", 30 September 1999, 煤炭工业出版社 * |
| 杨国华等: "《炭素材料 下》", 31 October 1999, 中国物资出版社 * |
| 汤长根等: "《耐火材料生产工艺》", 28 February 1982, 冶金工业出版社 * |
| 郑建华等: "高温炭质隔热材料在炉衬结构中的开发与应用", 《炭素》 * |
| 郑建华等: "高温轻质炭砖的开发及其在炉衬结构中的应用", 《新型碳材料》 * |
| 钱之荣等: "《耐火材料实用手册》", 30 September 1992, 冶金工业出版社 * |
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