CN111231690A

CN111231690A - System for charging electric vehicle by using solar energy, and related device and method

Info

Publication number: CN111231690A
Application number: CN202010203417.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张东才
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-20
Filing date: 2020-03-20
Publication date: 2020-06-05
Also published as: WO2021185167A1

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a system and a device for charging an electric vehicle by utilizing solar energy and a method for charging the electric vehicle by utilizing the system and the device. The system device and the method of the embodiment of the application comprise the following steps: the solar energy power generation device comprises a solar energy power generation device (1), a DC/DC electric energy transmission device (2), a portable battery pack (3) and an electric vehicle (4) powered by the portable battery pack; the solar power generation device (1) is connected with the portable battery pack (3) through the DC/DC power transmission device (2) so as to charge the portable battery pack (3) by utilizing photovoltaic power; the portable battery pack (3) can be inserted into the electric vehicle (4) to supply power to the electric vehicle; the portable battery pack (3) is designed to be portable, and can be inserted into the electric vehicle (4) by a user with one hand without tools. The DC/DC electric energy transmission device adopts an intelligent design, so that the charging and discharging processes of the portable battery pack are flexible, safe and efficient.

Description

System for charging electric vehicle by using solar energy, and related device and method

Technical Field

Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of electrical energy storage systems, and in particular, to a system, a related device, and a method for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy.

Background

Electric vehicles (hereinafter referred to as electric vehicles) are the development trend of future vehicles due to the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection and economy. On the other hand, the electric energy obtained by photovoltaic power generation (alternatively referred to as solar power generation) is the cleanest green energy source. The energy conservation and environmental protection can be really realized only by utilizing green energy resources such as solar energy to replace fossil fuel to charge the electric vehicle.

At present, there are two main methods for charging an electric vehicle by using solar energy: one is that the solar panel is embedded on the top of the electric vehicle to directly charge the electric vehicle; the other method is that a fixed solar charging pile is set up, solar power is firstly used for generating power and stored in an energy storage device, and when the electric vehicle needs to be charged, the energy storage device is connected with the charging pile to charge the electric vehicle.

If the first method is used to charge the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle must be located in a place where there is sunlight, which has a great limitation in the location where the electric vehicle is located. The second method has the same problem as the conventional charging pile, and the electric vehicle needs to be stopped at a fixed charging position for a long time to wait for charging.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a system for charging an electric vehicle by utilizing solar energy, which comprises a solar power generation device (1), a DC/DC electric energy transmission device (2) (DC is Direct Current, short for Direct Current), a portable battery pack (3) and an electric vehicle (4) powered by the portable battery pack (3);

the solar power generation device (1) is connected with the portable battery pack (3) through the DC/DC power transmission device (2) so as to charge the portable battery pack (3) by utilizing photovoltaic power;

these charged hand-held battery packs (3) can be inserted into the electric vehicle (4) to supply power to the electric vehicle; the portable battery pack (3) is of a portable design, can be conveniently carried by a user, and can be inserted into the electric vehicle (4) by one hand without tools.

Preferably, the portable battery pack (3) in the system device for charging the electric vehicle by using solar energy can charge the fixed battery or the super capacitor of the electric vehicle through a control system in the electric vehicle or another DC/DC power transmission device (2), and can also directly supply power to the motor of the electric vehicle.

Preferably, the solar power generation device (1) in such a system apparatus for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy may be concentrated or distributed; the solar cell includes: a single crystal silicon cell, a polycrystalline silicon cell, or a thin-film solar cell (thin-film solar cell).

Preferably, the electric vehicle (3) provided with the system device for charging the electric vehicle by utilizing the solar energy comprises a passenger electric vehicle or a commercial electric vehicle, including a taxi, a passenger car, a motor coach and a truck; the electric vehicle (3) is a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid energy vehicle.

The application also provides a DC/DC electric energy transmission device suitable for the system device for charging the electric vehicle by utilizing the solar energy, which is used for connecting two different DC power supplies, the device adopts an intelligent design, a plurality of sensors are arranged to sense the voltage and the temperature of an input power supply and an output power supply and the size of transmission current, and the output current and the output voltage are controlled by a Central information processor, namely a Central Processing Unit (CPU (23) for short, so that the transmission process of the electric energy can be optimized and the safety of the electric energy can be ensured.

Preferably, the DC/DC power transmission device transmits current in a pulsed manner and incorporates an inductor (24) to ensure that current flows within a safe range even when there is a large drop in input and output voltages.

Preferably, the DC/DC power transmission device further comprises a DC/DC transformer (26); the DC/DC transformer (26) may raise the voltage to 1.2 to 8 times the input voltage, or lower the voltage to 0.2 to 0.8 times the input voltage; the selection of the rise and fall times of the voltage is controlled by the CPU (23); the device ensures that current can flow from the input power supply to the output power supply in a single direction even if the difference between the input power supply voltage and the output power supply voltage is large; in addition, the design of the DC/DC transformer (26) also ensures that the input power supply can continuously supply power to the output power supply when the voltage difference between the input power supply and the output power supply changes during the charging process. This difficulty is overcome by the design of the DC/DC transformer (26) since the voltage of the input power supply gradually decreases and the voltage of the output power supply continuously increases during charging, which results in a decrease in charging efficiency.

Preferably, the input power source of the DC/DC power transmission device may be various, including: the device comprises a photovoltaic power supply, a charger using a household power supply, a charging pile for an electric vehicle and a portable battery pack; the output power of the device can be various, including: a portable battery pack, a stationary battery in an electric vehicle, or a super capacitor.

Preferably, the working voltage of the DC/DC electric energy transmission device is 40-600V, the current is 0.2-200A, and the power is 0.01-120 kW.

The application also provides a portable battery pack suitable for the system device for charging the electric vehicle by utilizing the solar energy, which is formed by connecting a plurality of lithium batteries in parallel or in series; the voltage is 40-600V, and the energy is 0.2-20 kWh; the battery pack can be conveniently connected to the DC/DC power transmission device for charging.

Preferably, the portable battery pack has the weight of 0.3-40 kg and the volume of 0.001-0.5 cubic meter; the handle is convenient to carry, and can be easily inserted into or taken out of the electric vehicle without other tools.

Preferably, the portable battery pack has one or more interfaces to enable it to connect to a plurality of different power systems, including: the DC/DC electric energy transmission device is connected with a photovoltaic power supply, a household charging pile and an electric vehicle charging pile for charging; it is also possible to connect the battery system of the electric vehicle or the electric motor of the electric vehicle to supply power thereto.

The application also provides the electric vehicle which is suitable for the system device for charging the electric vehicle by utilizing the solar energy, the portable battery pack (3) is arranged in the electric vehicle, and the portable battery pack can directly supply power to the motor of the electric vehicle.

Preferably, the electric vehicle is provided with a fixed battery besides the energy directly provided by the portable battery pack (3); the portable battery pack (3) can charge the fixed battery, and energy required by the electric vehicle during running can be provided by the fixed battery.

Preferably, one or more connectors for connecting the portable battery packs (3) are installed in the electric vehicle, and one or more portable battery packs (3) can be installed in the electric vehicle through the connectors to supply power to the electric vehicle.

Preferably, the electric vehicle is further provided with an internal combustion engine and a generator, and electric energy generated by the internal combustion engine through the generator can be transmitted to different power systems in the electric vehicle, including: the portable battery pack (3), the fixed battery of the electric vehicle or the super capacitor; the internal combustion engine includes: gasoline engines (gasoline engines), diesel engines (diesel engines), and the like.

The present application further provides a solar charging station suitable for the system device that utilizes solar energy to charge for the electric motor car charges for electric automobile, includes: said solar power plant (1), one or more of said DC/DC power transmission devices (2); the solar power generation equipment is high-power generation equipment and can charge a plurality of the portable battery packs (3) at the same time.

Preferably, the solar charging station adopts a grid structure to provide a plurality of charging interfaces, and each grid can be inserted into one portable battery bag (3) to be connected with the charging interface for charging.

The application also provides a method for charging an electric vehicle by utilizing solar energy, which uses the system device suitable for charging the electric vehicle by utilizing the solar energy to charge the electric vehicle by utilizing the solar energy; the method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out,

generating electricity with the solar power plant (1), the generated electricity charging one or more hand-held battery packs (3) via the DC/DC power transmission device (2),

the charged portable battery pack (3) can be inserted into the electric vehicle (4) through the operation of human hands,

thereby using the electric energy stored in the portable battery pack (3) to supply power for the electric vehicle.

The charging method for rapidly charging the electric vehicle by using the portable battery pack (3); when the stored electric energy in the electric vehicle (4) is insufficient, the portable battery pack (3) consuming electric energy can be taken out of the vehicle, the charged portable battery pack (3) is replaced, and the charged battery pack can directly supply power for the motor of the electric vehicle or charge a fixed battery of the electric vehicle.

The application also provides a method for providing photovoltaic electric energy by applying the portable battery pack, the solar power generation device (1) is utilized to charge one or more portable battery packs (3), and the charged battery packs (3) can be used for providing electric energy for electric vehicles and household appliances or can be used as backup electric energy for emergency by connecting an inverter.

According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages: the present application provides a new method and system apparatus to address the limitations of these current solar charging technologies. By the aid of the technical scheme, the vehicle owner can conveniently and quickly charge the electric vehicle by means of solar power generation. This charging process is simple and easy to implement. The utilization rate of solar energy is improved; the process of receiving the solar energy is irrelevant to whether the electric vehicle is in the sunshine or not, and the charging process of charging by utilizing the solar energy does not need the electric vehicle to stop at a certain fixed charging position. The charging method is not influenced by weather, and the inconvenience of overlong waiting time of charging by using the solar charging pile at present can be avoided. The charging process is convenient and quick, and the charging procedure can be completed in a short time. The charging process is easy to operate, and can be completed by a common driver without tools and special skills. The solar energy is utilized to charge the electric vehicle, the purposes of cleanness and environmental protection are fully met, meanwhile, the electric vehicle is driven by photovoltaic power generation, any fuel basically does not need to be consumed, and the cost is very low.

Drawings

FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy according to the present application;

FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection for powering an electric vehicle using a portable battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the DC/DC power transmission apparatus of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pulse signal for controlling a DC/DC power transmission device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a Portable Battery Pack (PBP) suitable for a system for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic external view illustrating a Portable Battery Pack (PBP) suitable for use in a system for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electric vehicle to which the present invention is applied, the system for charging the electric vehicle using solar energy;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a hybrid electric vehicle adapted for use with a system for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy according to the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a solar charging station applying a system for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy according to the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging grid configuration of a solar charging station according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy according to the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for providing photovoltaic power using a portable battery pack according to the present application.

The reference numbers are as follows: fig. 1 includes: solar power plant (1), DC/DC power transmission device (2), a battery pack (3), an electric vehicle (4) powered by said battery pack (3), fig. 2 comprising: a DC current controller (21), a pulse generator (22), a central information processor CPU (23), an inductor (24), a capacitor (25) and a DC/DC transformer (26). The reference numerals appearing in fig. 6 to 9 and 11 have the same meanings as those included in fig. 1 described above.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

The core of the application is to provide a system for charging an electric vehicle by utilizing solar energy, a related device and a method for using the system and the device, which are used in the field of electric energy storage systems.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1: construction and application of the system of the present application

A system for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy as shown in fig. 1A, includes:

a solar power plant (1),

a DC/DC power transmission device (2),

a portable battery bag (3),

and an electric vehicle (4) powered by the portable battery pack (3),

the following are specific descriptions one by one.

Solar energy power generation equipment (1)

The solar power generation device functions to generate power by using sunlight, and the specific type thereof is not limited and can be selected according to specific conditions and needs. For example, when the system is used to build a large solar energy charging station, a centralized solar power generation device can be selected to generate high power and a large number of the hand-held battery packs (3) can be charged. The additional electrical energy can also be used elsewhere by being tied into the grid. When the system device for charging the electric vehicle by using the solar energy is used for household, the solar power generation equipment can select distributed solar power generation equipment (1); such as installing a solar panel on the roof or exterior wall of a building, connecting the solar panel to a controller and performing further power transmission.

The type and number of solar cells in the solar panel are not limited; can be as follows: single crystal silicon cells, polycrystalline silicon cells, or various thin-film cells (thin-film cells), such as binary compound thin-film cells (cadmium telluride, Gallium arsenide), ternary compound Copper Indium Selenide thin-film Cells (CIS), quaternary compound Copper Indium Gallium Selenide thin-film cells (Copper Indium Gallium Selenide CIGS).

DC/DC electric energy transmission device (2)

The DC/DC power transmission device has the function of realizing power transmission between two power supply systems, and can intelligently control current, voltage and the like in transmission so as to realize high efficiency and safety of the energy transmission process.

Specifically, in the system device of the present application, the solar power generation apparatus (1) is connected to the DC/DC power transmission device (2) and transmits electric power generated by solar power to the portable battery pack (3) safely, quickly, and stably. The DC/DC power transmission device 2 may be connected to one or more of the hand-held battery packs (3) for charging thereof.

Portable battery bag (3)

In the system device of the application, the portable battery pack (3) is used as a carrier of energy to drive the electric vehicle by utilizing electricity of photovoltaic power. These charged hand-held battery packs (3) can be inserted into the electric vehicle (4) to supply power to the electric vehicle; the portable battery pack (3) is of portable design, is of a weight and size that can be conveniently carried by an average person and can be manually inserted into the electric vehicle (4) without tools. That is, the process of installing the portable battery pack (3) in the electric vehicle (4) does not need additional mechanical equipment.

Electric vehicle (4) powered by portable battery pack (3)

The most important characteristic of the electric vehicle (4) is that the portable battery pack (3) in the system equipment can be used for supplying energy. Since the charged portable battery pack (3) can be inserted into the electric vehicle (4) by a hand without tools, electric power is supplied to the electric vehicle, and the charging process of the electric vehicle (4) is the process of mounting the portable battery pack (3) on the electric vehicle (4), the charging can be completed quickly. The electric energy stored in the portable battery pack (3) is converted by solar energy, and the process does not need to consume any fuel, so that the electric energy used by the electric vehicle is very green and environment-friendly and is economical and energy-saving.

In one embodiment, the portable battery pack (3) can be directly connected with a motor of the electric vehicle (4) to supply power to the electric vehicle. For the electric vehicle (4) with the fixed battery or the super capacitor, the portable battery pack (3) can also charge the fixed battery or the super capacitor of the electric vehicle (4) firstly, and then the fixed battery or the super capacitor supplies power to the motor.

As shown in fig. 1B, in one embodiment, the electric vehicle (4) in the system for charging the electric vehicle by using solar energy is further provided with another DC/DC power transmission device (2); the portable battery pack (3) can charge a fixed battery (or a super capacitor) of the electric vehicle through the DC/DC electric energy transmission device (2) in the electric vehicle, and the fixed battery (or the super capacitor) of the electric vehicle is connected with an electric vehicle controller to supply power to the electric motor. The portable battery pack (3) can also be directly connected with an electric vehicle controller to supply power to the motor of the electric vehicle.

In one embodiment, the electric vehicle (4) in the system device for charging the electric vehicle by using the solar energy can be not only a passenger vehicle, but also a commercial electric vehicle, such as a taxi, a passenger car, a motor coach and a truck. More energy is often needed for passenger cars or trucks than for private cars, and the design can be provided with more portable battery packs (3) to supply power for the electric vehicle (4).

In a specific embodiment, the electric vehicle (4) can be a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle. The hybrid energy vehicle mainly differs from the hybrid energy vehicle in that an internal combustion engine and a generator are installed, and the internal combustion engine comprises: gasoline engines (petrol engines), diesel engines (diesel engines), and the like; and the generator can supply power for the motor and also can charge the portable battery pack (3) in the electric vehicle (4). Such designs are used primarily for long distance travel. If charging equipment such as charging stations along the way is insufficient, the embarrassment that the vehicle is not powered on half way can be avoided by using the hybrid energy vehicle. In the actual implementation process of the scheme, the specific steps and implementation modes can be adjusted according to specific situations so as to meet the requirements of the actual situations, and the specific situations are not limited.

Example 2: construction and principle of DC/DC power transmission device

The DC/DC power transmission device is used for connecting two different DC power supplies and controlling voltage and current to ensure the safety, stability and rapidness of power transmission. The device can adopt an intelligent design, is provided with a plurality of sensors to detect the voltage and the temperature of an input power supply and an output power supply and the magnitude of transmission current, and controls the output current and voltage through a CPU (23) so as to optimize the transmission process of electric energy and ensure the safety of the electric energy.

Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram of a DC/DC power transmission device provided in the present application. The DC/DC electric energy transmission device mainly comprises the following components:

the core component of the device is a DC current controller (21), which is a current switch controlled by a pulse signal and can allow the DC current to pass or block the DC current from passing during the transient time. The pulse generator (22) sends out a pulse signal to command the DC current controller (21); the pulse signal controls the opening and closing of a DC current controller (21); the length of time that it is turned on and off is determined by the pulse signal.

The pulse form of the pulse signal of the pulse generator (22) is programmed and controlled by a central processing unit CPU (23); the CPU (23) receives various signals inside and outside the device, including voltage, current, temperature and the like, and sends instructions according to the signals to instruct the pulse generator (22) to output what pulse signal form.

In one embodiment, the power transfer device further comprises: an inductor (24) connecting the DC current controller (21) and an output terminal; a capacitor (25) at the output; a DC/DC transformer (26) connecting the DC current controller (21) and the input terminal; and controllable intelligent switches S1, S2, and S3 on the three DC current paths; these switches are controlled by a CPU (23).

In power transmission, the voltage of the input power source and the voltage of the output power source are often different, sometimes even greatly different. This is prone to safety issues. The pulse signal is used to control the transmission current and the inductor is used to ensure that the current can still flow in a safe range even if there is a large difference between the input voltage and the output voltage. The DC/DC transformer (26) may raise the voltage to 1.2 to 8 times the input voltage, or lower the voltage to 0.2 to 0.8 times the input voltage; the selection of the rise and fall times of the voltage is controlled by the CPU (23); the device ensures that current can flow from the input power supply to the output power supply in a unidirectional way no matter what the difference between the input power supply voltage and the output power supply voltage exists, and ensures that the input power supply can continuously supply power for the output power supply in the charging process.

Working principle of pulse type DC/DC electric energy transmission device

In the system device of the application, a plurality of high-power supply systems are involved, including a solar power generation device (1), a portable battery pack (3), various power supply systems in an electric vehicle (4), including the portable battery pack (3) arranged in the vehicle, a fixed battery, a super capacitor, a generator and the like. How to control the flow of high-power current between different power supply systems is a very important safety issue. The pulsed DC/DC power transmission device provided by the present application is designed specifically for solving the following technical problems:

when power supply a charges power supply B, the voltages of the two are not equal. How to control the voltage difference between the two power sources when they are connected so that the power transmission process can be safely performed?

How to avoid safety problems caused by excessive instantaneous current?

How can power supply a continue to charge power supply B when the voltage of power supply a is lower than the voltage of power supply B?

How to control the average current so that it remains within a suitable and safe range?

How to minimize energy loss in transmission when implementing the above-described power transfer?

The following description of the operation principle of the device focuses on how the device solves the above technical problems.

As shown in fig. 2, first, when the power transmission device is used, current is passed in a pulse form. A DC current controller (21) in the device receives a pulse signal from a pulse generator (22) and based on the signal effects switching on and off in a sub-microsecond time range, thereby controlling the current through the switch such that the current is delivered as a train of pulse waves (pulse train). This allows flexibility in adjusting the average current through the device and avoids excessive instantaneous current.

The pulse form of the pulse signal is programmed and controlled by a CPU (23). A CPU (23) in the device can continuously receive the current and voltage of the input end, the output end and all parts in the device and the temperature information of the electric power supplies at the two ends; it will continuously adjust the form of its pulse signal according to the information to adapt to the energy transmission under different conditions. Thus, intelligent control can be realized.

In addition, the device uses an inductor (24) to prevent transient currents from being too high and creating an effective potential difference. Specifically, the inductor (24) has two functions, the first is to prevent instantaneous current overload, and the second is to generate a potential difference to reduce the potential difference between two high power sources. This potential difference generated by the inductor can be adjusted by changing the frequency of the switches in the DC current controller (21). Since this potential difference is different from the phase of the circuit, no power is lost as a resistor. Thus, no energy loss is generated when the current is controlled.

The specific form of the pulse signal is an important parameter for regulating and controlling the voltage and the current in the electric energy transmission. And therefore, specific description is particularly required. Because the CPU (23) in the device will give different forms of pulse signals according to the detected current and voltage signals. The form of the pulse signal is sent to a pulse generator (22). According to different forms of the pulse signal, the pulse generator (22) gives instructions of different pulse signals to the DC current controller (21). The DC current controller (21) is an intelligent switch that can be controlled by a pulse generator (22). It can advance rapidlyON and OFF, the switching times (ON time Δ t and OFF time t) thereof₁) May be at sub-millisecond speeds. The pulse generator (22) generates a pulse to direct the ON/OFF (ON/OFF) of the DC current controller (21), thereby generating a train of pulse waves (pulse train). When a current passes through the DC current controller (21), a pulse current is generated.

The time parameters of the pulse wave include:

(a) the time at of ON of one pulse within each pulse wave,

(b) time t of OFF of one pulse in each pulse wave₁，

(c) Duration t of each pulse wave₂，

(d) Time t of interval between each pulse wave₃。

FIG. 3 is an example of a pulse wave signal; as a reference for the physical quantities represented by these parameters.

The example of fig. 3 is used to explain how the apparatus adjusts the pulse signals to ensure the safety of power transmission, including avoiding the safety problem caused by the excessive voltage difference of the power source, and ensuring the transmitted current to be in a safe and proper range.

In the specific example of fig. 3, the ON and OFF times of one pulse in each pulse wave are the same Δ t-t₁In the pulsed power transfer device shown in fig. 2, the instantaneous current through the inductor (inductor) (24) is:

where Δ V is the voltage difference, the impedance (impedance) Z of the inductor (24) is Z ═ ω L,

where ω is the frequency, L is the inductance,

thus: the instantaneous current through the device is

Since Δ V is V_A-V_BIt is possible to obtain:

V_B≈V_A-I_maxωL，

wherein I_maxFor maximum current passed, V_AIs the voltage at the input of the device, V_BIs the voltage at the output of the device. Thus, by varying the ON time and OFF time (Δ t, t) of a pulse within each pulse wave₁) The frequency can be changed, so that the voltage can be adjusted, and the safety problem caused by overlarge power supply voltage difference can be avoided. The voltage difference is simply controlled by controlling the frequency (ω) of the pulses.

As to its maximum current

Wherein I_peakIs the maximum value of the current passing when not directly connected through the DC current controller (21).

In this particular example, each pulse wave has a duration t₂Only at t₂The DC current controller (21) may be in an Open (ON) condition during the time(s). Thus, the average output current (I) through the DC current controller (21)_average) Is the sum of the currents of all the switches at the time of ON divided by the time of a train of pulse waves. The average output current is therefore:

thus, by varying the duration (t) of each pulse wave₂) And the interval time (t) of the pulse wave₃) The average output current through the pulsed power transfer device provided herein can be varied such that the average output current is maintained at a stable and safe level.

In another example, a pulse in each pulse waveIs twice the time of OFF, i.e., Δ t is 2t₁. At this time, the average current through the device

It is obvious that this is a required average current greater than Δ t ═ t as described above₁Examples of (3).

If the voltage of power supply A is less than that of power supply B, the DC/DC transformer (26) in the device can be boosted to ensure that power can be effectively transferred from power supply A to power supply B. As shown in FIG. 2, when the CPU (23) detects that the voltage A is less than the voltage B, the third intelligent switch S3 of the device is turned on, the first intelligent switch S1 is turned off, and the current is passed through the DC/DC transformer (26) to increase the voltage, for example, to 1.5 times the original voltage (i.e., V)_D＝1.5V_A) And then stably transmits the current to the power supply B in the form of a pulse current through the DC controller 1.

In addition, if the voltage of the power supply A is far greater than that of the power supply B, the DC/DC transformer (26) in the device can also ensure that the electric energy can be safely and effectively transferred from the power supply A to the power supply B through voltage reduction. The DC/DC transformer (26) may increase the voltage to 1.2 to 8 times the input voltage or decrease the voltage to 0.2 to 0.8 times the input voltage, depending on the circumstances. The selection of the rise and fall times of the voltage is controlled by the CPU (23).

Finally, the inductor (24) in the device also solves the problem of reducing power consumption. The inductor (24) in the pulsed power transmission device in the present embodiment has a self-contained function, that is, the passing current I and the voltage V have a phase difference of 90 degrees, that is, θ is 90 °, that is, cos θ is 0. Therefore, the energy consumed by the current through the inductor (24) is W ═ IV cos theta → 0

The current controller provided by the present application minimizes power consumption.

Operation method of pulse type DC/DC electric energy transmission device

When the pulse type power transmission device is not used, all the intelligent switches (S1, S2 and S3) of the pulse type power transmission device are in a closed state.

As shown in FIG. 2, when two terminals of the device are connected to a power supply A and a power supply B, a CPU (23) in the device detects a voltage V of the power supply A at an input terminal_AAnd the voltage V of the output terminal power supply B_B。

When V is_A>V_BAnd V is_A-V_BWhen the requirement for effectively charging the power supply B is higher, the CPU (23) can instruct the first intelligent switch S1 to be opened, and the second intelligent switch S2 and the third intelligent switch S3 are kept closed. When the first intelligent switch S1 is turned on, the power supply a may charge the capacitor (25) through the DC current controller 21. The voltage of the capacitor (25) is V_C. When the voltage V is_CVoltage V raised to and from output terminal power supply B_BAt the same time, the second intelligent switch S2 is open. Therefore, when voltage difference exists between the two power supplies, overlarge instantaneous current generated when the two power supplies are connected is avoided, and the safety of the two power supplies in connection is ensured.

After the second intelligent switch S2 is opened, the CPU 23 directs the pulse generator 22 to send a pulse signal to the DC current controller 21 to control the passing current. By adjusting the pulse signal, the DC current controller (21) allows safe and efficient transfer of power from source A to source B.

When CPU (23) detects V_A-V_BWhen the requirement for effective charging of the power supply B is lower, the CPU (23) can instruct the first intelligent switch S1 to be closed and open the third intelligent switch S3. Thus, when the power supply A charges the power supply B, the voltage V at the input end of the DC current controller (21) is transmitted through the DC/DC transformer (26)_DLifting and letting V_D-V_BThe requirement of effectively charging the power supply B is met. The DC/DC transformer (26) can boost the voltage to 1.2 to 8 times the input voltage, as required. The device thus continues to use the DC current controller (21) to control the safe and efficient transfer of power to the power source B.

In another case, when V_A>>V_BAnd V is_A-V_BWhen the charging is far higher than the requirement of effectively charging the power supply B, the CPU (23) can instruct the third intelligent switch S3 to be opened, and the first intelligent switch S1 and the second intelligent switchThe two intelligent switches S2 remain closed. When the third intelligent switch S3 is turned on, the input end voltage V of the DC current controller (21) is converted into the voltage V by the DC/DC transformer (26) when the power supply A charges the power supply B_DDown to 0.2 to 0.8 times the input voltage, let V_D-V_BThe requirement of safely charging the power supply B is met. The DC/DC transformer (26) may charge the capacitor (25) with the voltage supply a through the DC current controller (21) according to the demand. The voltage across the capacitor (25) is V_C. When the voltage V is_CVoltage V raised to and from output terminal power supply B_BAt the same time, the second intelligent switch S2 is open. Therefore, when the voltage difference exists between the two power supplies, the capacitor (25) at the output end plays a buffer role in the pulse type electric energy transmission device, and the safety of the two power supplies in connection is ensured. When the CPU (23) detects that the charging is completed, all the intelligent switches are turned off (S1, S2, S3).

The above-described operation method is a general charging condition in which the present apparatus charges the power supply B using the power supply a. Other charging situations can be easily analogized from the above description. For example, when power supply a originally stores less energy, the voltage is lower than power supply B; then when the device is connected to two power sources, the first intelligent switch S1 will remain closed, the third intelligent switch S3 and the second intelligent switch S2 will be opened, and the current of the power source a will be boosted through the DC/DC transformer (26) and then charged to the power source B through the DC current controller (21).

In order to more clearly illustrate the specific configuration and functions of each part of the intelligent pulsed power transmission device provided by the present embodiment, table 1 details the names and functions of the main components of the intelligent pulsed power transmission device.

TABLE 1

In one embodiment, the input power source of the DC/DC power transmission device may be various, including: the device comprises a photovoltaic power supply, a charger using a household power supply, a charging pile for an electric vehicle and a portable battery pack; the output power of the device can be various, including: a portable battery pack, a stationary battery in an electric vehicle, or a super capacitor.

In order to match with input power supplies with different powers (such as the solar power generation equipment 1 with different powers) or different output power supplies, the DC/DC electric energy transmission device has the working voltage range of 40-600V, the current of 0.2-200A and the power of 0.01-120 kW.

Example of charging and discharging two battery packs using a DC/DC Power Transmission device

In one specific example, the DC/DC power transmission device is connected with two portable battery packs for charging and discharging. In addition to safety considerations, there is also how to efficiently transfer energy when two hand-held battery packs (e.g., consisting of lithium batteries) are charged and discharged from each other.

For example, when one battery pack (battery pack a) formed by connecting 48 loose NCR18650B lithium batteries in series is charged for another identical battery pack (battery pack B). The total voltage of such a battery pack is about 180V. Assuming that battery a is almost fully charged and battery B is almost empty, the charging current is kept constant at 1 amp (which is an intermediate value of the test current). After about 20% of the charge, the voltage of the NCR18650B lithium battery in each battery pack A is reduced from 4V to about 3.8V; the voltage of the NCR18650B lithium battery of the battery pack B is increased to about 3.6V from about 3.5V originally, namely:

when t is 0, for each individual NCR18650B lithium cell,

thus, the voltage difference between battery a and battery B at this time is:

at the moment, the voltage difference between the two battery packs is large, and charging can be carried out efficiently.

When charged to 20%, for each individual NCR18650B lithium cell,

thus, the voltage difference between battery a and battery B at this time is:

at this time, the voltage difference between the two battery packs is already small, and the charging is difficult to continue.

According to the data sheet of the NCR18650B lithium battery, it was shown that when charged to 50%, the voltage difference was 0 and it was not possible for battery a to charge battery B for a long time. In order to overcome the difficulty that the charging is difficult to continue effectively due to the voltage drop of the charging power supply A and the voltage rise of the charged battery pack B, a DC/DC transformer (26) is arranged in the intelligent pulse type DC/DC electric energy transmission device, and the function of boosting is provided when the voltage difference is too small. As shown in FIG. 2, when the battery pack A starts charging the battery pack B, the intelligent switch S1 is turned on, S3 is turned off, and V is turned on_D＝V_A. When CPU (23) detects

When the requirement for effective charging of the battery pack B is lower, the CPU (23) can instruct the first intelligent switch S1 to be closed and open the third intelligent switch S3. Thus, when the battery pack A charges the battery pack B, the voltage V at the input end of the DC current controller (21) is transmitted through the DC/DC transformer (26)_DIs lifted and let

The requirement of effectively charging the power supply B is met. This ensures that battery a can efficiently charge battery B until the end of the charge.

Assume that when battery a completes 80% of the charging for battery B,

the voltage is raised to 1.5 times the original voltage by a DC/DC transformer (26), namely:

V_D＝1.5V_A＝4.8V

therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,

the voltage difference is large enough at this time, and the charging can still be carried out efficiently.

To summarize, in order to maintain a sufficiently large voltage difference for efficient charging and discharging, the intelligent pulsed DC/DC power transmission device designed by the present application sets the voltage difference

And remain within a reasonable range, such as within a range of about 0.1-0.4.

It is noted that the DC/DC power transfer device (2) of the present application may have a variety of designs, including intelligent and non-intelligent designs. For example, in the case of a simpler technical requirement, that is, when the voltages of the input power supply and the output power supply are both fixed, the DC/DC power transmission device (2) may be composed of a DC/AC inverter and an AC/DC charger. In the actual implementation process of the scheme, the equipment structure can be adjusted according to the specific situation so as to meet the requirements of the actual situation, and the specific situation is not limited.

Example 3: design of portable battery pack

A Portable Battery Pack (PBP) suitable for a system device for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy. The portable battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of lithium batteries in parallel or in series. In one embodiment, the portable battery pack may be composed of 48 batteries connected in series, each battery being composed of 6 lithium batteries (e.g., 21700 loose) connected in parallel. The voltage of this battery pack is 180V and it stores 6kWh of energy. The portable battery pack can drive a light electric vehicle to travel for about 50 kilometers. Thus, as long as the electric vehicle is plugged into four charged battery packs, it can travel about two hundred kilometers. This has reached the endurance of the current general electric vehicle.

Of course, in implementing the technology of driving the electric vehicle by the portable battery pack, the voltage and the stored energy of the portable battery pack may have a wide range of elasticity according to different situations. For example, depending on the design of the electric vehicle, the voltage of the hand-held battery pack may be between 40-600V, with the stored energy being between 0.2-20 kWh.

In another specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the PBP is composed of 48 batteries connected in series, each battery being composed of 5 li batteries connected in parallel. These lithium batteries may be used as loose 21700 lithium batteries. The single weight of the lithium battery is about 60g, the voltage is 3.0-4.2V, the maximum output current is 20A, and the energy storage capacity after charging is 4800 mAh. Thus, for a single said battery pack:

average output voltage V3.75V

Output current I-5 x 20A-100A

Output power P100A x 3.75.75V 375W

Electric energy E after charging is 5x 4.8Ah x 3.75V is 90Wh

As shown in fig. 4, the entire PBP is composed of 48 battery packs connected in series. Thus, for a single PBP,

average output voltage V_PBP＝48x 3.75V＝180V

Output current I_PBP＝100A

Output power P_PBP＝18kW

Charged electric energy E_PBP＝4.32kWh

With this design, the total mass of the lithium battery part of the hand-held battery pack is about 48x 5x 60 g-14.4 kg, plus the housing of BMS and PBP, which can have a total weight of less than 20 kg. Such a hand-held battery pack is portable enough to be easily inserted into and removed from an electric vehicle without the need for additional tools or mechanical assistance. The portable battery pack can be inserted into the electric vehicle to supply power to the electric vehicle after being charged outside the vehicle. For a high performance light electric vehicle, the charged PBP has enough power to support it for several tens of kilometers.

In order to ensure safe operation of the portable battery pack, detectors for detecting the voltage, current and temperature of the battery are installed in the lithium battery and the battery pack. When the portable Battery pack is in operation, the probes continuously transmit the voltage, current and temperature information of the Battery to a Battery Management System (BMS). The BMS controls the charging and discharging of the lithium battery pack according to the information to adjust the charging or discharging current. For example, if the temperature of the battery pack is excessively high due to an excessively large charging current, the BMS may reduce the charging current to enable the battery pack to safely operate. In addition, the BMS may control the cooling device to cool the battery pack. For example, when the portable battery pack is charged by using a high-flux current power supply, the BMS may turn on a fan to draw air, and cool the portable battery pack by using an air cooling method. In other embodiments, the portable battery pack can also be cooled by liquid cooling.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the external front and rear surfaces of a portable battery pack for a system device for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy. The portable battery pack is used as a portable energy carrier and is designed to be conveniently lifted or carried by an ordinary person; in addition, in order to allow the portable battery pack to be conveniently used for charging electric vehicles, the battery pack cannot be too large and heavy; however, the energy stored in the battery pack cannot be too small, otherwise a large number of battery packs are required to be installed to have enough electric energy to support the running of an electric vehicle (4). Therefore, the portable battery pack can be neither too light nor too heavy, and is preferably about 20 kilograms, and the volume of the portable battery pack is about the size of a portable luggage case, namely the portable battery pack has the weight of 0.3-40 kilograms and the volume of 0.001-0.5 cubic meter; and as shown in fig. 5, the front surface is provided with a handle which is convenient to carry, and the handle can be easily inserted into or taken out of the electric vehicle without other tools. As shown in fig. 5, a dc interface (e.g. GB/T20234.3-2015) is provided at the back of the portable battery pack for connecting to the electric energy system of the electric vehicle (4) to directly supply power to the electric motor or charge other energy storage devices in the electric vehicle.

In one embodiment, the portable battery pack (3) has one or more interfaces, and the positions of the interfaces are not limited. This design is primarily intended to enable more flexibility in both charging and discharging the hand-held battery pack (3). For example, different interfaces may allow the hand-held battery pack (3) to be connected to a variety of different power systems, including: and the DC/DC electric energy transmission device is used for connecting power supplies such as a photovoltaic power supply, a household charging pile and a charging pile for an electric vehicle to charge the power supplies. Thus, the user can select the most appropriate power supply to charge the portable battery pack according to specific conditions. For example, a user installs the solar power generation device (1) in the system device of the application in the home, and can conveniently connect a hand-held battery pack to a DC/DC power transmission (2) device in the home to connect photovoltaic power generation to charge the hand-held battery pack with solar energy. The other user does not have any solar power generation equipment in the house and can charge the portable battery pack (3) by using a common household power supply. The interface on the back of the portable battery pack can be connected with a power supply system in the electric vehicle to supply power for a motor of the electric vehicle or charge a fixed battery of the electric vehicle. In the actual implementation process of the scheme, the equipment structure can be adjusted according to the specific situation so as to meet the requirements of the actual situation, and the specific situation is not limited.

Example 4: electric vehicle suitable for system device for charging electric vehicle by utilizing solar energy

An electric vehicle adapted to the system device for charging the electric vehicle using solar energy, as shown in fig. 6, may be equipped with a portable battery pack (3) (PBP) for generating solar energy using the system device and storing the generated electric energy, and the charged portable battery pack may be inserted into one vehicle to supply power to the electric vehicle. One of the simplest electric vehicles is an electric vehicle that requires only a hand-held battery pack as the sole electrical energy storage system, which can directly power the electric motor of the electric vehicle. Other electric vehicles may be equipped with stationary batteries (as shown in fig. 6). In this case, the portable battery pack (3) can be used for directly providing energy to drive the electric vehicle, and can also be used for charging the fixed battery, and the energy required by the electric vehicle during running can be provided by the fixed battery. Due to the possible large voltage difference between the portable battery pack (3) and the stationary battery, the power transmission between the portable battery pack and the stationary battery can be realized by one DC/DC power transmission device (2) in order to ensure that the charging process can be carried out safely and effectively. A connecting interface of the portable battery bag, such as a back interface shown in fig. 5, is used for connecting a DC/DC power transmission device (2), and then the DC/DC power transmission device is used for charging the fixed battery with direct current. In another case, a super capacitor is also installed in the electric vehicle (4), and the portable battery pack (3) can also be used for charging the super capacitor. The super capacitor may directly power the motor.

Because the energy consumption of different types of electric vehicles (4) in unit distance of driving is different, the length of the journey needing to be driven each time is different, and in order to meet different requirements on the electric energy needed by the electric vehicles (4), one or more joints connected with the portable battery pack (3) are installed in the electric vehicles (4). The connectors in these electric vehicles are to correspond/match with the interfaces on the portable battery pack (3). Each connector can be connected with a portable battery pack (3). Thus, the driver can choose to install one or more portable battery packs (3) to supply power for the electric vehicle according to the required conditions.

The portable battery pack (3) is convenient for a driver to mount on the electric vehicle, and can be mounted at the tail end or the front end of the vehicle. For example, the portable battery pack of fig. 6 is mounted at the rear of the electric vehicle (4). Therefore, the driver can easily insert or take out the battery pack into or from the electric vehicle without using any tool. For safety reasons, the locking may be performed after the hand-held battery pack is installed. In addition, to avoid accidents, the lock cannot be opened when the vehicle is not turned off or when the electric vehicle is being charged.

The electric vehicle which is suitable for the system device for charging the electric vehicle by utilizing the solar energy can utilize the solar charging portable battery pack (3) to supply power or charge, and can also use the charging pile to charge like the traditional charging method. Therefore, the owner can select different power systems to charge the electric vehicle more flexibly according to the conditions.

Charging along the way is a great difficulty for some electric vehicles which need to travel long distances. If no charging station of the system device for charging the electric vehicle by using the solar energy is established along the way, the quick charging cannot be carried out, and even if a traditional charging pile is found, the charging is waited for. Thus, in a particular embodiment, the electric vehicle (4) may be a hybrid electric vehicle. Besides the portable battery pack (3), the energy system of the electric vehicle is also provided with an internal combustion engine and a generator connected with the internal combustion engine (as shown in fig. 7). Specifically, an internal combustion engine that may power an electrical generator from chemical energy generated by the combustion of fossil fuels may include: gasoline engines (petrol engines), diesel engines (diesel engines), etc., without limitation; the generator converts the chemical energy into electric energy; the generator is connected to a stationary battery or supercapacitor through a DC/DC power transmission device to charge it. The fixed battery or the super capacitor is connected with the motor to supply power to the motor. The generator can also charge a portable battery pack (3), and the portable battery pack charges a super capacitor or a fixed battery through a DC/DC electric energy transmission device. In another example, the electric vehicle may also use a fuel cell instead of the internal combustion engine and generator described above to generate electrical energy to power the electric vehicle (4) or to charge a portable battery pack, stationary battery or super capacitor.

The portable battery pack can also be used as an emergency electric energy storage device of the electric vehicle. For example, when the electric vehicle (4) runs out of electric energy and needs to be rescued, the driver only needs to find a charged portable battery pack to replace a battery pack which is exhausted in the vehicle, and then the electric vehicle can be on the road again. The emergency portable battery pack may be recharged using the solar energy system described herein. If the emergency situation occurs in a location lacking a charging station, the emergency battery pack may also be provided by another hybrid electric vehicle as described herein. The hybrid electric vehicle can use the generator thereof to charge the connected portable battery pack (3). The charged portable battery pack (3) can be taken out of the vehicle and then mounted on an electric vehicle (4) which does not have electricity and needs rescue to supply electric energy for the electric vehicle.

In this embodiment, the energy source for driving the electric vehicle may be supplied in various ways: (a) the most environment-friendly and energy-saving charging method is that the solar energy is used for charging the electric vehicle, the solar energy is used for charging the portable battery pack (3) independently, and then the portable battery pack is mounted on the electric vehicle to supply power to the electric vehicle. (b) In order to provide more flexibility in the various charging options, the carry-on battery pack (3) may also be charged with other power sources, such as household power sources; the portable battery pack is independently charged and then is put back into the electric vehicle to supply power to the electric vehicle. (c) The energy storage system in the electric vehicle is charged by using the charging pile like the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (plug-in EV). (d) An internal combustion engine in the vehicle is used to drive a generator to supply power to a super capacitor or a stationary battery. (e) The internal combustion engine burns fossil fuel to drive a generator, and the generator charges the portable battery pack (3); the charged battery pack indirectly supplies power to the motor through the super capacitor or the fixed battery.

The power supply way (a) directly uses solar energy to drive the electric vehicle, and is most energy-saving and environment-friendly; (b) and (c) the electric vehicle is driven by using the electric energy of the power grid, so that the environment is protected and the energy is saved; the approaches (d) and (e) use fossil fuel power generation to drive electric vehicles, which is less environmentally friendly. However, in order to increase the charging flexibility of the electric vehicle (4) and ensure the endurance of a long-distance driving before a charging station for charging the electric vehicle by utilizing solar energy is not established, the electric vehicle (4) of the oil-electricity hybrid energy provided by the application can meet the requirements on energy conservation, environmental protection and endurance at the same time. In the actual implementation process of the scheme, the equipment structure can be adjusted according to the specific situation so as to meet the requirements of the actual situation, and the specific situation is not limited.

Example 5: embodiments of the home system apparatus:

along with the improvement of people's environmental protection and energy saving consciousness, distributed solar power system (1) can be chooseed for use to a lot of families, installs photovoltaic power generation board in the place that there is sunshine such as the roof in its house, outer wall, balcony, window, utilizes the system device that this application provided to charge for electric motor car (4). The distributed solar power generation device (1) is connected with a DC/DC power transmission device (2), and one or more portable battery packs (3) connected with the distributed solar power generation device are charged through the DC/DC power transmission device (2). The charged portable battery pack (3) can be arranged in the electric vehicle (4) to supply energy to the electric vehicle.

Thus, the electric vehicle (4) can be conveniently driven by using solar energy basically only by being provided with a plurality of portable battery packs (3) by using the system device. For example, before the vehicle leaves the door in the daytime, one or more portable battery packs charged by the system device are arranged in the electric vehicle (4) to drive the electric vehicle; and another one or more portable battery packs (3) which need to be charged are placed at home to be connected with the DC/DC power transmission device (2) to be charged by solar energy. At night, after a driver drives the electric vehicle to go home, the portable battery pack (3) consuming electric energy or consuming electric energy is taken out of the electric vehicle, and the charged portable battery pack (3) is installed in the electric vehicle (4) to complete the charging process. In one embodiment, the energy capacity (e.g., 6kWh) of each of the hand-held battery packs (3) is approximately 50 km for the vehicle. Only 1-2 charged portable battery packs (3) are needed to supply power to the electric vehicle, which is enough for one ordinary person to meet the requirement of more than one day. The household system device can completely supply power to the daily electric vehicle by using solar energy, is very environment-friendly and economical, and the charging process is very simple and quick, and has no any limitation on the use or parking position of the electric vehicle.

When the owner needs to drive a little long distance and worry about no electricity in the middle, more spare portable battery packs (3) can be prepared by using the household system device. When the automobile starts, the charged portable battery pack (3) is arranged on the electric vehicle (4) to supply power to the electric vehicle (4), and the charged standby battery pack (3) is also placed in a trunk of the automobile. When the electric vehicle is out of power, the standby battery packs (3) can be used for replacing the portable battery packs (3) consuming light. Since the portable battery pack (3) is designed to be easily removed or inserted without using other tools, the replacement process can be conveniently carried out by ordinary people.

In an emergency situation, for example, in the absence of the sun, in which the solar power plant (1) cannot be used to charge the hand-held battery pack (3), the hand-held battery pack (3) also has an interface that can be charged by a household power source by connecting a charger. In the actual implementation process of the scheme, the specific steps and implementation modes can be adjusted according to specific situations so as to meet the requirements of the actual situations, and the specific situations are not limited.

Example 6: implementation of the commercial system installation:

some owners do not have the condition of establishing a home system device for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy; furthermore, in the case of long-distance driving, there is also a need for a place to enable quick charging. Therefore, there is a need to establish a commercial model of a system device for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy based on the present invention to solve the above problems.

The commercial mode of the system device for charging the electric vehicle by using the solar energy can rapidly charge a plurality of portable battery packs at the same time. In fact, the solar charging station is a large-scale solar charging station for charging the electric automobile. As shown in fig. 8, the charging station includes: a high power solar power plant (1), a plurality of said DC/DC power transmission devices (2); a plurality of the portable battery packs (3) can be charged simultaneously.

Just like the existing fuel-powered automobile which goes to a gas station for refueling, the electric vehicle can be driven to a parking lot (or a nearby parking lot) in the charging station for parking. Then the portable battery pack (3) to be charged in the electric vehicle (4) is taken out, connected to the DC/DC power transmission device (2) in the charging station and rapidly charged. The DC/DC power transmission devices in the charging station transfer the electricity generated by the high-power solar power generation equipment (1) to the portable battery pack. Because the energy storage of each portable battery pack (3) is only a small part of the energy storage system of the whole electric vehicle (4), and the direct current is used for quick charging, the charging time of each portable battery pack (3) can be very short (shorter than the charging time of the whole vehicle). When the portable battery packs (3) are fully charged, a driver can install the charged battery packs back into the electric vehicle (4), and the charging of the electric vehicle is finished.

As shown in fig. 9, since the charging station may need to charge a large number of portable battery packs, in a specific example, the solar charging station adopts a grid structure to provide a plurality of charging interfaces, each grid can be inserted into one portable battery pack (3) and connected with the charging interface in the grid for charging, and after charging, the portable battery packs (3) can be taken out. In the system device, one DC/DC power transmission device (2) can be connected with one charging grid, and one DC/DC power transmission device can be connected with a plurality of charging grids. Based on the above description of the features of the portable battery pack, the process of inserting and removing the charged compartments of the portable battery pack (3) can be performed by an ordinary person without using any other tools.

As a commercial mode of operation, a driver charges his battery pack with a solar charging station at a certain cost. This charging process can be done using existing forms of network payment.

The basic charging method is the same whether a home system device or a business system device is used to charge an electric vehicle. As shown in fig. 10, this method for charging an electric vehicle by using solar energy is applicable to various system devices for charging an electric vehicle by using solar energy to charge an electric vehicle by using solar energy; the method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out,

the solar power generation device (1) is used for generating power, the generated power is used for charging a plurality of portable battery packs (3) through the DC/DC power transmission device (2),

The charging method is characterized in that the portable battery pack (3) is used for rapidly charging the electric vehicle; when the stored electric energy in the electric vehicle (4) is insufficient, the portable battery pack (3) which consumes electric energy or is about to consume electric energy can be taken out of the vehicle and replaced by the charged portable battery pack (3). The charged battery pack can directly supply power to a motor of the electric vehicle; for some electric vehicles with fixed battery packs or super capacitors, the charged portable battery packs (3) can also charge the fixed batteries or super capacitors of the electric vehicles.

As a specific embodiment of the commercial system, the charging station can also initially charge a plurality of rentable battery packs (3) with the solar power plant (1). When the electric vehicle (4) needs to be charged, the electric vehicle only needs to go to a charging station, and one or more charged portable battery packs (3) are rented and installed on the electric vehicle, and the charged portable battery packs can directly supply power for the electric vehicle or charge a fixed battery of the electric vehicle. The charging mode of replacing the portable battery pack is more convenient and faster. After the charging station is popularized, a vehicle owner of the electric vehicle (4) can choose not to buy the portable battery pack (3) when buying the vehicle, and only the rentable portable battery pack (3) is used for supplying power to the electric vehicle (4).

By utilizing the commercial system device, a vehicle owner who does not install a household system device or needs to drive a long distance can conveniently use solar energy to supply power for the electric vehicle, so that the system device is more environment-friendly and economical. The charging method is very simple and quick, and can be easily completed by ordinary people. In the actual implementation process of the scheme, the specific steps and implementation modes can be adjusted according to specific situations so as to meet the requirements of the actual situations, and the specific situations are not limited.

Example 7: application of portable battery pack (3) (PBP) as multipurpose photovoltaic energy carrier

In any case, when solar energy is particularly sufficient, the fully charged portable battery pack (3) may have surplus electric energy in addition to charging or supplying the electric vehicle (4). In order to optimize the utilization of solar energy by the system device, the portable battery pack (3) (PBP) can be used as a multipurpose photovoltaic energy carrier to provide electric energy for other electric equipment. As shown in fig. 11, one method of applying the portable battery pack (3) to provide photovoltaic power is:

charging one or more of the hand-held battery packs (3) with the solar power plant (1);

after charging, some battery packs (3) can be arranged in the electric vehicle (4) and used for providing electric energy for the electric vehicle; in addition, some charged battery packs can also be connected with an inverter to provide electric energy for household appliances or be used as backup electric energy for emergency.

In another situation, when the owner of the vehicle encounters an emergency power failure in the home, such as a typhoon or an accident of the power supply grid, the portable battery pack (3) installed in the electric vehicle (4) can be used as a household emergency power supply. At this time, the portable battery pack (3) can be taken out of the electric vehicle and supplied with electric energy to the electric appliances (including lighting, refrigerators, computers and the like) in the home through an inverter. In the actual implementation process of the scheme, the specific steps and implementation modes can be adjusted according to specific situations so as to meet the requirements of the actual situations, and the specific situations are not limited.

The present application provides a system, a related apparatus and a method for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy. The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The method disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the system disclosed by the embodiment and the related device thereof, so that the description is simple, and the related part can be referred to the description of the method part. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the technical solution provided by the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

It is further noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. It is understood that other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step are within the scope of the claims included in this application.

Claims

1. A system for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy, comprising: the solar energy power generation device comprises a solar energy power generation device (1), a DC/DC electric energy transmission device (2), a portable battery pack (3) and an electric vehicle (4) powered by the portable battery pack (3);

the portable battery pack (3) can be inserted into the electric vehicle (4) to supply power to the electric vehicle (4); the portable battery pack (3) is designed to be portable, can be conveniently carried by a user, and can be inserted into the electric vehicle (4) by one hand without tools.

2. The system for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the portable battery pack (3) is inserted into the electric vehicle (4) to supply power to the electric vehicle (4) in a manner including:

the portable battery pack (3) can charge a fixed battery or a super capacitor of the electric vehicle (4) through another DC/DC electric energy transmission device (2), and can also directly supply power to a motor of the electric vehicle (4).

3. A system for charging electric vehicles using solar energy according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar power generation devices (1) are centralized or distributed; the solar cell in the solar power generation device (1) is: a monocrystalline silicon cell, a polycrystalline silicon cell, or a thin film cell.

4. A system for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy according to claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle (3) is a passenger electric vehicle or a commercial electric vehicle; the electric vehicle (3) is a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid energy vehicle.

5. A DC/DC power transmission device adapted to be used in a system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, said DC/DC power transmission device being adapted to connect two different DC power sources, said DC/DC power transmission device being of an intelligent design, said DC/DC power transmission device being equipped with a plurality of sensors for obtaining the voltage and temperature of the input power source and the output power source, and the magnitude of the transmission current, said DC/DC power transmission device comprising a central information processor (23); the central information processor (23) is used for controlling the current and the voltage output by the DC/DC power transmission device so as to optimize the transmission process of the power and improve the safety.

6. The DC/DC power transmission device of claim 5, wherein the DC/DC power transmission device transmits current in pulses;

the DC/DC power transmission device also comprises an inductor (24), and the inductor (24) is used for ensuring the current to flow in a safe range when the input voltage and the output voltage have large difference.

7. The DC/DC power transfer device of claim 5, further comprising a DC/DC transformer (26); the DC/DC transformer (26) may raise the voltage to 1.2 to 8 times the input voltage, or lower the voltage to 0.2 to 0.8 times the input voltage; the selection of the rise and fall times of the voltage is controlled by the central information processor (23); the DC/DC transformer (26) ensures that current can flow from the input power supply to the output power supply in a unidirectional manner even if the voltage of the input power supply and the voltage of the output power supply are different greatly, and ensures that the input power supply can also continuously supply power to the output power supply when the voltage difference between the input power supply and the output power supply changes in the charging process.

8. The DC/DC power transfer device of claim 5, wherein the input power source of the DC/DC power transfer device can be varied, including: a photovoltaic power supply, a charger using a household power supply, a charging pile for an electric vehicle or a portable battery pack; the output power of the DC/DC power transfer device may also be of various types, including: a portable battery pack, a stationary battery in an electric vehicle, or a super capacitor.

9. The DC/DC power transmission device of claim 5, wherein the DC/DC power transmission device operates at a voltage of 40-600 volts, at an operating current of 0.2-200 amps, and at a power rating of 0.01-120 kilowatts.

10. A portable battery pack adapted for use in the system of any one of claims 1 to 4, said portable battery pack comprising a plurality of lithium batteries connected in parallel or in series; the portable battery pack has an operating voltage of 40-600 volts and a power of 0.2-20 kilowatts, and can be conveniently connected to the DC/DC power transmission device of claim 5 for charging.

11. The portable battery pack of claim 10, wherein said portable battery pack weighs 0.3-40 kilograms and has a volume of 0.001-0.5 cubic meters; the portable battery pack is provided with a handle which is convenient to carry, and can be easily inserted into or taken out of the electric vehicle without other tools.

12. The portable battery pack of claim 10, wherein the portable battery pack has one or more interfaces to enable the portable battery pack to be charged or powered by a plurality of different power systems, the power systems comprising: a photovoltaic power source, a home charging post, an electric vehicle charging post, a stationary battery in an electric vehicle, or an electric motor of an electric vehicle is connected through the DC/DC power transmission device of claim 5.

13. An electric vehicle adapted to be used in a system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, said electric vehicle being equipped with a hand-held battery pack (3) according to claim 10, said hand-held battery pack being adapted to directly power the electric motor of said electric vehicle.

14. An electric vehicle as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that it is equipped with a stationary battery in addition to being directly powered by the hand-held battery pack (3); the portable battery pack (3) can charge the fixed battery, and energy required by the electric vehicle during running can be provided by the fixed battery.

15. The electric vehicle according to claim 13, characterized in that one or more connectors for connecting the portable battery packs (3) are installed in the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle can be provided with one or more portable battery packs (3) for supplying power to the electric vehicle through the connectors.

16. The electric vehicle according to claim 13, further comprising an internal combustion engine and a generator, wherein electric power generated by the internal combustion engine and the generator in cooperation is transmitted to a power supply system of the electric vehicle, the power supply system comprising: the portable battery pack (3) and the fixed battery or the super capacitor of the electric vehicle.

17. The utility model provides a solar charging station for electric motor car charges which characterized in that includes: a solar power plant (1) according to claim 1, one or more DC/DC power transmission devices (2) according to claim 5; the solar power plant can simultaneously charge a plurality of hand-held battery packs (3) according to claim 10.

18. A solar charging station according to claim 17, characterized in that the solar charging station comprises a grid-like structure, the grid of which comprises charging interfaces, a hand-held battery pack (3) according to claim 10 being insertable into one of the grids and connected to the charging interface for charging.

19. A method for charging an electric vehicle using solar energy, characterized in that the system of any one of claims 1-4 is used to charge an electric vehicle using solar energy; the method comprises the following steps:

generating electricity with the solar power plant (1) to produce electrical energy;

charging one or more hand-held battery packs (3) with said electrical energy via said DC/DC power transmission device (2);

the charged portable battery pack (3) can be inserted into the electric vehicle (4) through the operation of human hands, so that the electric vehicle can be powered by using the electric energy stored in the portable battery pack (3).

20. A charging method according to claim 19, characterized in that said portable battery pack (3) is used for fast charging of electric vehicles; when the electric vehicle (4) needs to be charged, the hand-held battery pack (3) which is used up or is about to be used up can be taken out of the vehicle, the hand-held battery pack (3) which is charged is replaced, and the charged battery pack can directly supply power for the motor of the electric vehicle or charge the fixed battery of the electric vehicle.

21. A method for providing photovoltaic power by means of a hand-held battery pack, characterized in that one or more of said hand-held battery packs (3) are charged by means of said solar power plant (1) using a hand-held battery pack according to any of claims 10-12, said charged battery packs (3) being used not only for providing power for electric vehicles, but also for providing power for household appliances or as backup power for emergencies by connecting an inverter.