CN111230047B - Combined mold core - Google Patents
Combined mold core Download PDFInfo
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- CN111230047B CN111230047B CN201811438451.8A CN201811438451A CN111230047B CN 111230047 B CN111230047 B CN 111230047B CN 201811438451 A CN201811438451 A CN 201811438451A CN 111230047 B CN111230047 B CN 111230047B
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- core
- shell
- cooling
- core shell
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
- B22C9/103—Multipart cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a composite core comprising: the mold core comprises a mold core inner core and a mold core shell sleeved outside the mold core inner core, and is characterized in that the mold core shell is provided with an axial assembly hole of the mold core inner core, the assembly hole penetrates through the top end and the bottom end of the mold core shell and determines the inner surface of the mold core shell, and the mold core inner core can slide relative to the mold core shell in the assembly hole; the cooling channel is used for conveying cooling gas, an air inlet of the cooling channel is arranged at the bottom end of the core shell, an air outlet of the cooling channel is arranged on the inner surface of the core shell, the blowing direction of the cooling gas is towards the top end of the core shell, and the cooling channel axially extends in the core shell. The combined core can quickly eliminate the hot spot at the casting part above the core, solves the problem that the existing core is easy to crack due to stress concentration on the inner wall of the core cooling channel, and prolongs the service life of the core.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal mold casting, in particular to a combined core capable of being cooled forcibly.
Background
In the casting field, in the solidification stage of casting melt, because the heat dissipation of a casting core is slow, the temperature of the casting core is often too high, and the heat dissipation and solidification of a casting are not facilitated, so that the defects of shrinkage cavity, looseness and the like are easily formed at the casting part above the casting core.
The conventional method for solving the above problems is to introduce water into the core under high pressure to rapidly take away heat around the core, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation capability of the core.
However, for a cooling core of an increased cooling system, the inside of an internal cooling channel usually generates a great steam film pressure in the use process, and the smoothness can be ensured only by adopting a great supply water pressure.
Further, in the prior art, the thickness between the cooling channel and the outer surface of the core is at least 20mm to achieve a balance between the cooling efficiency and the strength of the core, and therefore, for cores having a diameter within 25mm, the cooling channel cannot be provided substantially.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a combined core with a forced cooling function, which can solve the above problems in the prior art.
The present invention provides a composite core comprising: the die core comprises a die core inner core and a die core shell sleeved outside the die core inner core, wherein the die core shell is provided with an axial assembly hole of the die core inner core, the assembly hole penetrates through the top end and the bottom end of the die core shell and determines the inner surface of the die core shell, and the die core inner core can slide relative to the die core shell in the assembly hole;
the core shell also comprises at least one cooling channel for conveying cooling gas, wherein the air inlet of the cooling channel is arranged at the bottom end of the core shell, and the air outlet of the cooling channel is arranged on the inner surface of the core shell, so that the blowing direction of the cooling gas faces to the top end of the core shell.
Further, an opening position of the gas outlet is a predetermined length from the tip end of the core shell, and an axis of the gas outlet in the blow-out direction of the cooling gas makes a predetermined angle with an axis of the fitting hole in a direction toward the tip end of the core shell, so that the cooling gas can be directly blown out of the tip end of the core shell.
Further, the cooling gas creates turbulence at the tip of the core shell.
Further, the open position of the air inlet at the bottom end is a radially intermediate position between the inner and outer surfaces of the core shell.
Further, the diameter of the combined core is not less than 20 mm.
Further, the diameter of the core inner core is at most 1/3 the diameter of the combined core.
Further, the diameter of the cooling channel is at most 1/3 the diameter of the composite core.
Further, the core inner core is in sealing fit with the assembly hole at the top end of the core shell.
Further, the composite core is composed of a metallic material or a ceramic material.
Compared with the prior art, the implementation mode of the invention has the main differences and the effects that:
the combined core with the forced cooling function can quickly eliminate the thermal junctions at the position of the casting above the core, and solves the problems of shrinkage cavity and looseness of the casting.
The combined mold core further solves the problem that the conventional mold core is easy to crack on the inner wall of the mold core cooling channel due to stress concentration, and prolongs the service life of the mold core.
The combined core can further reduce the volume of the core and expand the application range of the cooling core.
Drawings
Fig. 1A-1B show schematic plan views of a casting mold and a composite core according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2A-2C show schematic core shell configurations of exemplary composite cores implemented in accordance with the present invention.
Figures 3A-3B illustrate block diagrams of exemplary core cores implemented in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic plan view of a core shell of an exemplary composite core implemented in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 5A-5B show schematic diagrams of a cooling operation according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
For convenience, the term "gas" in the present invention shall be understood to mean a cooling gas, i.e. a gaseous substance that may be used to cool a metal device.
In the following detailed description, the directional indicators such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" described herein should be understood as indicating the orientation of the drawings.
Referring initially to fig. 1, there is shown a portion of a casting system or apparatus having a combined core 1 according to an embodiment of the invention for molding a casting 5. As shown in fig. 1A, the casting mold comprises a combined core 1, a left mold half 2, a right mold half 5, and a core bottom plate 4, wherein the core bottom plate 4 may include a known gas cooling system to perform cooling in cooperation with the combined core 1, and the known contents are not described in detail herein.
Referring to fig. 1B and fig. 2A-2C, the composite core 1 includes a core inner core 20 and a core outer shell 10 sleeved outside the core inner core 20, the core outer shell 10 is provided with an axial assembly hole 11 of the core inner core 20, the assembly hole 11 penetrates through the top end and the bottom end of the core outer shell 10 and defines the inner surface of the core outer shell 10, the core inner core 20 can slide in the assembly hole 11 relative to the core outer shell 10, at least one cooling channel 12 for conveying cooling gas is further included between the inner surface and the outer surface of the core outer shell 10, the air inlet of the cooling channel 12 is arranged at the bottom end of the core outer shell 10, the air outlet of the cooling channel 12 is arranged on the inner surface of the core outer shell 10, and the cooling channel 12 axially extends in the core outer shell 10.
The cooling gas is supplied into the cooling passage 12 through the gas inlet and then blown out through the gas outlet, with the blowing direction of the cooling gas being directed toward the tip end of the core shell 10. It is to be understood that the top end of the core housing 10 described herein of the present invention refers to the end of the core housing 10 in the direction of insertion into the molten casting, and the bottom end of the core housing 10 refers to the other end of the core housing 10 away from the molten casting in the opposite direction of insertion into the molten casting.
In the embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 2, to facilitate extraction of the composite core 1, the tip of the core shell 10 is slightly convergent so that the composite core 1 is substantially bullet shaped. It is understood that the configuration of the core shell 10 may be selected according to the casting requirements, for example, regular configurations such as cylinders, polygonal cylinders, etc., or profiled configurations that do not interfere with the extraction of the composite cores, and the invention is not limited thereto.
The external form structure of the core 20 may be a regular structure such as a cylinder, a polygonal cylinder, etc., or may be other profiled structures as long as the external form structure of the core 20 facilitates quick extraction from the fitting hole 11 of the core shell 10. To reduce stress concentrations and facilitate core 20 extraction, in an embodiment of the present invention, the core 20 is preferably cylindrical as shown in FIG. 3. In addition, the radial cross-sectional diameter of the core inner core 20 is not more than 1/3, preferably 1/3, of the radial cross-sectional diameter of the composite core 1, which ensures the overall strength of the composite core 1 and the forced cooling of the core shell 10. It will be appreciated that the core inner core 20 is in sealing engagement with the fitting hole 11 at the top end of the core shell 10 so that the casting melt does not enter the interior of the composite core 1. The cooling passage 12 is described in detail below with reference to fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the shape of the radial cross section of the cooling passage 12 may be a regular structure such as a circle, a square, or other shaped structure, and a circular structure is preferable for reducing the stress concentration. The diameter of the cooling passage 12 is preferably 1/3 the diameter of the composite core 1 so that adequate cooling can be achieved without affecting the overall strength of the composite core. The cooling passages may be sized according to casting requirements and will be described in more detail below.
The location of the air inlet of the cooling channel 12 may be located anywhere at the bottom end of the core shell 10 in cooperation with the core bottom plate 4 and corresponding cooling system, preferably at a radially intermediate location between the inner and outer surfaces of the core shell 10, so that adequate cooling may be achieved without compromising the overall strength of the combined core.
As for the air outlet of the cooling passage 12, as shown in fig. 2, in order to direct the blowing direction of the cooling gas toward the tip end of the core shell 10, the air outlet is provided at the inner surface of the core shell 10 and at a position close to the tip end of the core shell 10. Further, as shown in fig. 4, the blowing direction of the cooling gas is determined by a length L of the outlet from the tip end of the core shell 10 and an angle α of the axis of the outlet in the blowing direction of the cooling gas and the axis of the fitting hole 11 in the direction toward the tip end of the core shell 10, and the blowing direction of the gas flow can be controlled by adjusting L and α, which in the present invention determine both the depth and the angle of the outlet opening.
As an example, the cooling passage 12 extends axially within the core shell 10, and the cooling passage 12 may extend in a variety of ways, such as shown in the drawings of the present invention, the cooling passage being generally parallel to the axis of the assembly bore 11 and smoothly curving toward the inner surface of the core shell 10 as it approaches the top end of the core shell 10. In a preferred example, in the cooling stage using the composite core, in order to improve the cooling efficiency and to make the cooling gas form turbulent flow at the tip end of the core shell 10 to enhance the cooling effect, L and α may be set to respective predetermined values so that the cooling gas in the cooling passage 12 is blown out from the gas outlet without colliding with and/or being obstructed by the inner surface, so that the cooling gas can be blown out directly from the tip end of the core shell 10. L may be optionally set to be more than one time larger than the diameter of the cooling passage 12 in consideration of the strength of the core housing 10.
In an embodiment of the invention, three cooling channels are provided in the core shell 10 to ensure that the cooling of the casting 5 is very uniform and rapid. As another example, the size and number of cooling passages may be adjusted based on the intensity of cooling of the casting. Specifically, according to the heat transfer rate formula:
the temperature difference between the casting and the cooling medium, i.e. (T), is sufficient for the total amount of cooling gas introducedCast-TCold media) Is determined for a given casting pattern, the heat transfer distance L0Is determined, therefore, the thermal resistance R between the cooling medium and the casting is the most critical influencing factor for determining the heat transfer rate. And R is determined by the pressure of the cooling gas inlet and the composition of the cooling gas, the size and number of cooling channels determining the amount of gas blown in at a given pressure of the inlet. Therefore, in actual production, the size and number of the cooling passages, the pressure of the gas inlet, and the composition of the cooling gas can be adjusted according to the required cooling intensity.
As an example, the diameter of the cooling passage is at most 1/3 the diameter of the combined core, which ensures that the cooling gas has sufficient blowing pressure at the outlet for the purpose of rapidly cooling the casting.
As another example, the diameter of the air outlet is the same as the diameter of the cooling passage, so that the optimum cooling efficiency can be obtained. Conversely, the diameter of the gas outlet being larger than the diameter of the cooling passage will lose the blowing pressure of the cooling gas at the gas outlet; the diameter of the air outlet is smaller than that of the cooling passage, which reduces the amount of air discharged per unit time and tends to cause stress concentration in the region of the cooling passage near the air outlet.
As a modified example of the above embodiment, the cooling passage 12 extends in the axial direction inside the core shell 10, the cooling passage 12 extends straight, and in order to direct the blowing direction of the cooling gas toward the tip end of the core shell 10, the extension line of the cooling passage 12 makes an angle α with the axis of the fitting hole 11, and the cooling passage 12 is penetrated at the inner surface at a distance L from the tip end of the core shell 10. The shape of the radial cross section of the cooling channel 12 may be a regular structure such as a circle, a square, etc., or may be other profiled structures, preferably a circular structure in order to reduce stress concentration. The diameter of the cooling passage 12 is preferably 1/3 the diameter of the composite core 1 so that adequate cooling can be achieved without affecting the overall strength of the composite core. The dimensions of the cooling channels are set according to the requirements described above and will not be described in detail here. Through the design, the probability of stress concentration in the cooling channel can be reduced, and the service life of the combined cavity is prolonged. In addition, the straight cooling channel is more favorable for the flow of the cooling gas, so that the cooling gas has better blowing pressure and gas output at the gas outlet.
As another modified example of the above-described embodiment, the cooling passage 12 extends in the axial direction within the core housing 10 in such a manner that the cooling passage 12 extends in a spiral shape that partially surrounds the fitting hole 11 as an axis, that is, the cooling passage 12 is provided in the core housing 10 in the form of a spiral through-hole. As with the previous embodiments, the radial cross-section of the cooling passages 12 is preferably circular in configuration. The diameter of the cooling channel 12 is preferably 1/3 of the diameter of the composite core 1. The spiral direction may be left-handed or right-handed, which is not intended to limit the present invention. It is understood that, in order to direct the blow-out direction of the cooling gas toward the top end of the core shell 10, the cooling passage 12 is a conical spiral whose bottom end of the core shell 10 is a bottom surface, and the taper and the stroke of the conical spiral are determined by L and α in the above-described embodiment, together with the size of the core shell 10. With the above design, the cooling gas can be made to form stronger turbulence at the tip of the core shell 10 to enhance the cooling effect.
In use, as shown in figure 5A, during casting, the core shell 10 and core 20 cooperate to form the completed composite core 1. After pouring is completed, after the surface of the casting in contact with the combined core is crusted and solidified, the combined core 1 and the core inner core 20 are simultaneously and rapidly extracted for a certain distance relative to the casting, as shown in fig. 5B, the core inner core 20 is extracted to the air outlet of the cooling channel to be exposed, meanwhile, cooling gas is blown out from the air outlet of the cooling channel, the cooling gas is blown out from the top end of the core shell to cool the casting, and meanwhile, the core inner core is continuously and rapidly extracted to separate the core from the core shell. And when the cooling gas is continuously blown in for a certain time, completely extracting the core shell, and finishing cooling. In actual production, compared with the method that the core is completely extracted and then gas cooling is carried out, the operation can lead cooling gas to be contacted with the casting in time, and the cooling opportunity is prevented from being delayed. Therefore, the combined core of the invention has more flexible operation and stronger operability.
According to the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the combined core of the present invention has a completely different structure from the existing water-cooled type core, and thus, as an example, the diameter of the combined core can be implemented to be as thin as 20mm, and the combined core of the present invention is applied to a wider range of applications than the existing cooling core. In addition, the combined core can be made of various metal materials or ceramic materials according to the casting material.
In conclusion, according to the combined core disclosed by the invention, the hot spot at the casting part above the core can be quickly eliminated, and the problems of shrinkage cavity and looseness of the casting part are solved; the problem that the conventional mold core is easy to crack on the inner wall of the mold core cooling channel due to stress concentration is solved, and the service life of the mold core is prolonged; the volume of the core can be further reduced, and the application range of the cooling core is expanded.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed first terminal device. In the unit claims enumerating several terminal devices, several of these terminal devices may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names.
While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope being indicated by the following claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Claims (7)
1. A composite core for molding a casting, the composite core comprising: the core comprises a core inner core and a core shell sleeved outside the core inner core, and is characterized in that the core shell is provided with axial assembly holes of the core inner core, the assembly holes penetrate through the top end and the bottom end of the core shell and determine the inner surface of the core shell, and the core inner core can slide relative to the core shell in the assembly holes;
the core shell further comprises at least one cooling channel for conveying cooling gas, an air inlet of the cooling channel is arranged at the bottom end of the core shell, an air outlet of the cooling channel is arranged on the inner surface of the core shell, so that the blowing direction of the cooling gas is towards the top end of the core shell,
the core inner core is in sealing fit with the assembly hole at the top end of the core shell,
the tip end of the core shell is an end portion of the core shell in a direction of insertion into a casting melt, an opening position of the gas outlet is a predetermined length from the tip end of the core shell, and an axis of the gas outlet in a blow-out direction of the cooling gas makes a predetermined angle with an axis of the fitting hole in a direction toward the tip end of the core shell, so that the cooling gas can directly blow out the tip end of the core shell.
2. The composite core of claim 1 wherein the cooling gas creates turbulence at the top end of the core shell.
3. The composite core of claim 1, wherein the open position of the air inlet at the bottom end is a position radially intermediate between the inner and outer surfaces of the core shell.
4. The composite core of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the composite core is not less than 20 mm.
5. The composite core of claim 1 wherein the diameter of the core inner core is at most 1/3 the diameter of the composite core.
6. The composite core of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the cooling channel is at most 1/3 times the diameter of the composite core.
7. The composite core according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the composite core is composed of a metallic material or a ceramic material.
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| CN201811438451.8A CN111230047B (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2018-11-28 | Combined mold core |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811438451.8A CN111230047B (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2018-11-28 | Combined mold core |
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| CN111230047B true CN111230047B (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114535514B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-09-08 | 上海机床铸造一厂（苏州）有限公司 | Cooling method of wind power casting based on air-cooled sand core system |
| CN116727608B (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2024-02-13 | 肇庆本田金属有限公司 | Mould core-pulling structure |
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| CN105033185A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-11-11 | 威海瑞祥铸造机械有限公司 | Large sand core for casting inner hole in marine propeller |
| CN207709795U (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-08-10 | 安徽应流集团霍山铸造有限公司 | A kind of casting device for accelerating core cooling |
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2018
- 2018-11-28 CN CN201811438451.8A patent/CN111230047B/en active Active
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| JP2011056559A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-03-24 | Yanmar Co Ltd | Casting method using core |
| CN102430717A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-05-02 | 沪东重机有限公司 | Ventilation cooling sand core for casting cylinder jacket of diesel engine and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN203764898U (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-08-13 | 河南正旭精密制造有限公司 | Mold core with water cooling |
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