CN111229954A - Method for induction rolling composite connection of steel and aluminum dissimilar metals of automobile body - Google Patents
Method for induction rolling composite connection of steel and aluminum dissimilar metals of automobile body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111229954A CN111229954A CN201911144882.8A CN201911144882A CN111229954A CN 111229954 A CN111229954 A CN 111229954A CN 201911144882 A CN201911144882 A CN 201911144882A CN 111229954 A CN111229954 A CN 111229954A
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000005067 joint tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/02—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal by folding, e.g. connecting edges of a sheet to form a cylinder
- B21D39/021—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal by folding, e.g. connecting edges of a sheet to form a cylinder for panels, e.g. vehicle doors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for induction rolling composite connection of steel and aluminum dissimilar metals of an automobile body, which comprises an induction heating power supply, a driving device, an induction heater and a rolling device, wherein the induction heater is composed of an induction coil and a magnetizer, the rolling device is composed of a rolling head and a hydraulic rod, a plurality of devices are connected in series together in an electric connection mode, the horizontal leveling effect of the induction heater and the bottom end of the rolling device is kept, and meanwhile, the transverse levelness of the induction heater and the bottom end of the rolling device is kept consistent. According to the method for the induction rolling composite connection of the steel-aluminum dissimilar metals of the automobile body, the induction coil and the magnetizer are utilized in an induction heating mode, the action range of eddy current is extended, so that a heat source can directly act on a steel-aluminum contact surface of the automobile body, the quick heating effect of the device is well improved, and the heating mode has no open fire and potential safety hazard and can be beneficial to increasing the safe use effect of equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel-aluminum dissimilar metal connection, in particular to a method for steel-aluminum dissimilar metal induction rolling composite connection of an automobile body.
Background
The vehicle body is one of four major parts of the whole vehicle and has multiple functions of bearing, damping, anti-collision, protection and the like. With the increasing requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection of automobiles, the development trend of vehicle body structures is light weight, and the use of light weight materials is an important way for realizing light weight of vehicle bodies. The traditional automobile body is generally made of steel, and because the aluminum alloy has the advantages of small density, high strength, good manufacturability, corrosion resistance and the like, more and more automobile manufacturing enterprises select the aluminum alloy to replace part of steel so as to achieve the aim of light weight of the automobile body. Through rational use steel aluminium mixed structure, not only can realize the automobile body lightweight, can also solve the collision security performance problem that full aluminium structure automobile body faces. Under the condition that the physical parameters of steel and aluminum are greatly different, a more advanced connection technology is needed to realize high-quality connection of the steel and the aluminum alloy so as to ensure that the joint has high mechanical property and reliability.
At present, the connection method between steel and aluminum alloy is mainly divided into three main categories: welding, mechanical connection and bonding. Compared with mechanical connection and bonding methods, welding has the advantages of permanent connection, high efficiency, easiness in automation and the like, and is widely used for connection between various dissimilar metals. Because the joint of the vehicle body steel and the aluminum alloy, such as a vehicle door and other parts, has the structural characteristics of thin thickness and complex shape, in the existing dissimilar metal welding method, the heat input of the consumable electrode inert gas shielded welding is large, and the welding part is easy to deform too much; the laser welding installation and use environment is high in requirement, and equipment is expensive; ultrasonic welding and friction stir welding have high requirements on material size, the operation process is too complicated, and the steel-aluminum joint of the automobile body is difficult to adapt to structural characteristics of thin thickness and complex shape and large batch processing requirements, so that the current connection mode is mainly resistance spot welding, and as a result, the energy consumption is large, the welding quality is unstable, and the connection requirement of the curved surface structure of the current steel-aluminum composite automobile body is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for the induction rolling composite connection of steel and aluminum dissimilar metals of an automobile body, which aims to solve the problems that the heat input quantity of the metal inert gas shielded welding is large and the deformation of a welding part is easy to cause overlarge in the existing dissimilar metal welding method proposed in the background technology; the laser welding installation and use environment is high in requirement, and equipment is expensive; ultrasonic welding and friction stir welding have high requirements on material size, the operation process is too complicated, and the steel-aluminum joint of the automobile body is difficult to adapt to structural characteristics with thin thickness and complex shape and large batch processing requirements, so that the current connection mode is mainly resistance spot welding, and as a result, the energy consumption is large, the welding quality is unstable, and the problem of the current curved surface structural connection requirement of the steel-aluminum composite automobile body is difficult to meet.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for induction rolling composite connection of steel and aluminum dissimilar metals of an automobile body comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the induction heating power supply, the driving device, the induction heater and the rolling device are prepared, and the induction heating power supply, the driving device, the induction heater and the rolling device are assembled completely to the required equipment by using other devices such as wires, so that the parts can be matched with each other for normal use. The induction heater comprises induction coil and magnetizer, and rolling press device comprises rolling head and hydraulic stem, utilizes electric connection's mode, and the bottom level that will keep induction heater and rolling press device on the one hand keeps the effect of keeping flat with the rolling press device's, still keeps the horizontal horizontality between them unanimous simultaneously, guarantees the abundant of preparation work together with a plurality of devices series installation.
Step two: at first, fix automobile body steel aluminium junction, two panels need have certain joint gap, the state as required carries out the mutual stack of two panels, and be in the same place induction heater and rolling press device are integrated, install on a drive arrangement that can realize space curvilinear motion, in the transverse direction, the front and back keeps certain distance each other, will guarantee the stability of putting between the two, crooked decline that leads to the processing effect in avoiding the course of working, induction heater and rolling press device will settle perpendicularly directly over the joint gap of two panels, follow-up according to needs self-setting induction power supply parameter and rolling press device parameter.
Step three: then the power is switched on to electrify the induction heater, the induction heater and the rolling device are controlled to do uniform space curve motion along the originally designed moving path, the speed can be controlled automatically according to needs, then the induction heater can heat the aluminum alloy and the steel to a plastic state from top to bottom, meanwhile, the rolling device is controlled to apply pressure to the aluminum material at a certain angle behind the inductor, the rolling device is in a cylindrical design and can roll to press the plate surface, meanwhile, the rolling device and the aluminum alloy are guaranteed to be pressed right above the plate, thus, under the combined action of heat and mechanical force, the steel and the aluminum alloy on the moving path can be continuously metallurgically combined, and the preset joint tissue structure and performance are obtained.
Furthermore, the induction coil and the magnetizer are mutually connected in a sleeved mode, and the rolling head and the hydraulic rod are mutually connected in a clamping mode.
Furthermore, the moving path of the inductor and the rolling device is designed by selecting a region to be connected on the steel-aluminum joint of the vehicle body according to the structure and performance requirements of the steel-aluminum joint of the vehicle body, an induction heating influence region, a rolling force action region and the like.
Furthermore, the moving speed of the induction heater and the rolling device is determined, namely the moving speed of the induction heater and the rolling device is selected according to parameters such as rolling force, power supply power and the like.
Furthermore, the driving device for performing spatial curvilinear motion refers to a mechanism capable of controlling the induction heater and the rolling device to perform spatial curvilinear motion along the steel-aluminum connecting surface of the vehicle body, and the driving device can be a main shaft of a multi-shaft linkage numerical control machine tool or a specially manufactured servo driving device with a multi-shaft linkage function.
Furthermore, the space curvilinear motion along the designed moving path means that the induction heater and the rolling device are driven by the driving device which performs the space curvilinear motion to perform induction rolling composite connection along the planned area to be connected, the normal distance between the induction heater and the phase surface is kept unchanged in the moving process, and the rolling device is kept in contact with the phase surface at constant pressure.
Further, the induction power parameter selection refers to determining the frequency and power value of the local continuous moving induction heating power, the frequency is 10-45kHz, the power is 20-50kW, and the rolling device mechanical parameter selection refers to determining the plastic deformation force required by the local connection of the steel and the aluminum, and the rolling pressure is 300-3000N.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for the induction rolling composite connection of the steel-aluminum dissimilar metals of the automobile body has the advantages that the induction coil and the magnetizer are utilized in an induction heating mode, the action range of eddy current extends, so that a heat source can directly act on a steel-aluminum contact surface of the automobile body, the quick heating effect of the device is well improved, the heating mode has no open fire and potential safety hazard, the safe use effect of equipment can be favorably improved, meanwhile, the other end of the heating mode adopts a rolling connection method, the steel-aluminum contact surface of the automobile body can be efficiently and fixedly connected, the steel-aluminum contact surface and the rolling connection device are mutually overlapped and matched for use, the connection tightness of a steel plate and an aluminum alloy plate can be well improved, the practicability of the connection method is further improved, and the induction power supply electromagnetism and the mechanical parameters of the rolling device in the induction rolling composite connection process are reasonably controlled, so that excessive brittle intermetallic compounds can be avoided in the steel, the joint performance is improved, the generation of surface metal oxides can be reduced, good surface quality is obtained, the finished product rate and the product quality of products are increased, in the processing process of the plates, the servo mechanism can also adjust the speed and the advancing route, can well interact with steel plates and aluminum alloys with uneven sides in the using process, is favorable for adapting to and connecting various different plates, avoids the problems that the traditional welding intelligent connection straight line easily causes uneven plate surface connection, untight connection of bonding parts and easy damage after long-term use, reduces the service life of the products, can also help improve the adaptation range of equipment, can well solve the problems of poor joint performance, low efficiency, complex process and the like in the connecting process of steel and aluminum dissimilar metals, and the connecting method can adapt to the structural characteristics of thin thickness and complex shape of the connecting parts of the steel and aluminum dissimilar metals of a vehicle body and meet the processing requirements of large batch, the high-efficiency and high-performance connection of the steel-aluminum joint of the vehicle body is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the vehicle body steel-aluminum dissimilar metal induction rolling composite connection method of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction heater and a rolling device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a first embodiment:
the invention discloses a method for induction rolling composite connection of steel and aluminum dissimilar metals of an automobile body, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the induction heating power supply, the driving device, the induction heater and the rolling device are prepared, and the induction heating power supply, the driving device, the induction heater and the rolling device are assembled completely to the required equipment by using other devices such as wires, so that the parts can be matched with each other for normal use. The induction heater comprises induction coil and magnetizer, and rolling press device comprises rolling head and hydraulic stem, utilizes electric connection's mode, and the bottom level that will keep induction heater and rolling press device on the one hand keeps the effect of keeping flat with the rolling press device's, still keeps the horizontal horizontality between them unanimous simultaneously, guarantees the abundant of preparation work together with a plurality of devices series installation.
Step two: at first, fix automobile body steel aluminium junction, two panels need have certain joint gap, the state as required carries out the mutual stack of two panels, and be in the same place induction heater and rolling press device are integrated, install on a drive arrangement that can realize space curvilinear motion, in the transverse direction, the front and back keeps certain distance each other, will guarantee the stability of putting between the two, crooked decline that leads to the processing effect in avoiding the course of working, induction heater and rolling press device will settle perpendicularly directly over the joint gap of two panels, follow-up according to needs self-setting induction power supply parameter and rolling press device parameter.
Step three: then the power is switched on to electrify the induction heater, the induction heater and the rolling device are controlled to do uniform space curve motion along the originally designed moving path, the speed can be controlled automatically according to needs, then the induction heater can heat the aluminum alloy and the steel to a plastic state from top to bottom, meanwhile, the rolling device is controlled to apply pressure to the aluminum material at a certain angle behind the inductor, the rolling device is in a cylindrical design and can roll to press the plate surface, meanwhile, the rolling device and the aluminum alloy are guaranteed to be pressed right above the plate, thus, under the combined action of heat and mechanical force, the steel and the aluminum alloy on the moving path can be continuously metallurgically combined, and the preset joint tissue structure and performance are obtained.
Before the connection process method is implemented, process design must be carried out firstly, the design work content comprises the moving path design of the induction heater and the rolling device, the parameter selection of an induction heating power supply, the mechanical parameter selection of the rolling device and the determination of the moving speed of the induction heater and the rolling device, compared with the traditional direct welding connection, the smoothness of later-stage processing can be well increased on one hand by the advanced design work, the improvement of the connection efficiency of two panels is ensured, on the other hand, the connection stability between the panels can be improved, and the practical effect of the device is improved. After the design work is completed, the implementation of the process scheme is started, which comprises the following steps: prepare induction heating power, drive arrangement, induction heater and rolling press device, be in the same place induction heater and rolling press device are integrated, and install on the drive arrangement who has space curve and move the function, drive arrangement has the space curve motion that can do the linkage more than four-axis such as X, Y, Z and omega, drive arrangement drives induction heater and rolling press device and carries out work directly over the joint gap of steel sheet and aluminum alloy plate, guarantee the bonding connection that the faying face of two panels can be fine, make the yield of face processing improve, under drive arrangement's drive, relative motion is made with automobile body steel-aluminum contact surface to induction heater and rolling press device. In the process of uniform relative motion, an induction heater is communicated with a high-frequency induction heating power supply, a rolling device applies certain pressure to a steel-aluminum contact surface of a vehicle body through a hydraulic rod, the induction heater generates eddy current on the steel-aluminum contact surface of the vehicle body to be connected under the action of high-frequency induction current and sequentially heats aluminum alloy and steel to a plastic state, and then the steel and the aluminum alloy on a motion path are continuously metallurgically combined by rolling force generated by the rolling device, so that the design can avoid the problem that high heat is needed in the traditional connection and the potential safety hazard of the working environment is increased, the temperature controllability of the traditional connection mode is small, the easy adhesion effect between plate connection is easy to be uneven, the improvement of the welding effect is influenced, and under the action of a driving device, the induction heater and the rolling device can adapt to the structural requirements of thin thickness and complex shape of the steel-aluminum, the state of the digital design can be adjusted according to the specific state of the plate, the problems of poor joint performance, low efficiency, complex process and the like in the process of connecting steel and aluminum dissimilar metals can be well solved, and the practicability and the popularization range of the method are increased.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The method for the induction rolling composite connection of the steel and aluminum dissimilar metals of the automobile body is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the induction heating power supply, the driving device, the induction heater and the rolling device are prepared, and the induction heating power supply, the driving device, the induction heater and the rolling device are assembled completely to the required equipment by using other devices such as wires, so that the parts can be matched with each other for normal use. The induction heater consists of an induction coil and a magnetizer, the rolling device consists of a rolling head and a hydraulic rod, and a plurality of devices are installed together in series in an electrical connection mode, so that on one hand, the horizontal leveling effect of the induction heater and the bottom end of the rolling device is kept, and simultaneously, the horizontal levelness of the induction heater and the horizontal levelness of the rolling device are kept consistent, and the preparation work is ensured to be sufficient;
step two: firstly, fixing a steel-aluminum joint of a vehicle body, wherein two plate surfaces need to be provided with a certain connecting gap, mutually overlapping the two plates according to a required state, integrating an induction heater and a rolling device together, and installing the induction heater and the rolling device on a driving device capable of realizing space curvilinear motion, wherein a certain distance is kept between the front and the back in the transverse direction, the stability of arrangement between the induction heater and the rolling device is ensured, the reduction of a processing effect caused by deflection in a processing process is avoided, the induction heater and the rolling device are vertically arranged right above the connecting gap of the two plate surfaces, and then induction power supply parameters and rolling device parameters are automatically set according to requirements;
step three: then the power is switched on to electrify the induction heater, the induction heater and the rolling device are controlled to do uniform space curve motion along the originally designed moving path, the speed can be controlled automatically according to needs, then the induction heater can heat the aluminum alloy and the steel to a plastic state from top to bottom, meanwhile, the rolling device is controlled to apply pressure to the aluminum material at a certain angle behind the inductor, the rolling device is in a cylindrical design and can roll to press the plate surface, meanwhile, the rolling device and the aluminum alloy are guaranteed to be pressed right above the plate, thus, under the combined action of heat and mechanical force, the steel and the aluminum alloy on the moving path can be continuously metallurgically combined, and the preset joint tissue structure and performance are obtained.
2. The method for the induction rolling composite connection of the dissimilar metals of the steel and the aluminum of the automobile body according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the induction coil and the magnetizer are mutually connected in a sleeved mode, and the rolling head and the hydraulic rod are mutually connected in a clamping mode.
3. The method for the induction rolling composite connection of the dissimilar metals of the steel and the aluminum of the automobile body according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the designed moving path of the inductor and the rolling device is an area to be connected on the steel-aluminum connecting position of the vehicle body according to the structure and performance requirements of the steel-aluminum connecting position of the vehicle body, an induction heating influence area, a rolling force action area and the like.
4. The method for the induction rolling composite connection of the dissimilar metals of the steel and the aluminum of the automobile body according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the moving speed of the induction heater and the rolling device is determined, namely the moving speed of the induction heater and the rolling device is selected according to parameters such as rolling force, power supply power and the like.
5. The method for the induction rolling composite connection of the dissimilar metals of the steel and the aluminum of the automobile body according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the driving device for performing the space curvilinear motion refers to a mechanism capable of controlling the induction heater and the rolling device to perform the space curvilinear motion along the steel-aluminum connecting surface of the vehicle body, and the driving device can be a main shaft of a multi-shaft linkage numerical control machine tool or a specially manufactured servo driving device with the multi-shaft linkage function.
6. The method for the induction rolling composite connection of the dissimilar metals of the steel and the aluminum of the automobile body according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the space curvilinear motion along the designed moving path means that the induction heater and the rolling device are driven by the driving device which does the space curvilinear motion to perform induction rolling composite connection along the planned to-be-connected area, the normal distance between the induction heater and the phase surface is kept unchanged in the moving process, and the rolling device is kept in contact with the phase surface under constant pressure.
7. The method for the induction rolling composite connection of the dissimilar metals of the steel and the aluminum of the automobile body according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the induction power parameter selection refers to determining the frequency and the power value of the local continuous moving induction heating power, the frequency is 10-45kHz, the power is 20-50kW, and the rolling device mechanical parameter selection refers to determining the plastic deformation force required by the local connection of the steel and the aluminum, and the rolling pressure is 300-3000N.
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