CN111228426A - 一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂 - Google Patents
一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂，其中药原料组分为：金银花、桑叶、鱼腥草、藿香、芦根、橘红、桔梗、茯苓、薏米、山药、炒杏仁、鸡内金、麦芽、大枣、山楂、莱菔子、罗汉果；其中，按重量份，桑叶、鱼腥草、藿香分别为12份，芦根为8‑10份，剩余各组分均为6份；上述中药原料通过常规煎煮法提取，浓缩或喷雾干燥，加入适量蔗糖粉经过制粒，得到颗粒剂。本发明通过疏风清热，宣肺止咳，消食导滞的组合原则，提高小儿免疫力，达到治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域，涉及一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂。
背景技术
上呼吸道感染是小儿最常见疾病，临床上主要表现有发热、咳嗽等症状，同时部分小儿会出现厌食、呕吐、腹泻等症状，上呼吸道感染的少儿普遍食欲较差。
小儿上呼吸道感染临床治疗通常是抗病毒治疗，抗病毒治疗一通常使用利巴韦林片，这种药虽然具有抗病毒的作用，但副作用大，长期使用容易引起抗药性，抑制免疫力。
少儿上呼吸道感染宜采用中药治疗，中药治疗原则通常是清热解毒、宣肺止咳。例如，中药制剂——小儿氨酚黄那敏颗粒用于少儿上呼吸道感染，但是对于比较严重的少儿上呼吸道感染，不能彻底治疗，还需要辅以西药抗病毒治疗，还存在副作用大、抑制免疫力的问题。
中药颗粒剂的制备方法现在是成熟的工艺，是中药材经过煎煮法提取、浓缩制成膏状或以喷雾干燥制成干膏粉，再加入糊精、蔗糖等水溶性辅料制成的一类颗粒制剂。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的中药制剂存在的弊端，本发明提出一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂，通过疏风清热，宣肺止咳，消食导滞的组合原则，提高小儿免疫力，达到治疗的目的。
为此，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂，其特征在于：
中药原料组分为：金银花、桑叶、鱼腥草、藿香、芦根、橘红、桔梗、茯苓、薏米、山药、炒杏仁、鸡内金、麦芽、大枣、山楂、莱菔子、罗汉果；其中，按重量份，桑叶、鱼腥草、藿香分别为12份，芦根为8-10份，剩余各组分均为6份；
上述中药原料通过常规煎煮法提取，浓缩或喷雾干燥，加入适量蔗糖粉经过制粒，得到颗粒剂。
上述技术方案中，芦根最好为9份，以最佳组合体现芦根的清热生津功效。
本发明中，蔗糖粉作为中药颗粒剂制备的辅料，蔗糖粉的用量是现有常规技术；上述技术方案中，按重量份，通常是98-105份。
本发明的有益效果：本发明的治疗原则是疏风清热、宣肺止咳、消食导滞，金银花、桑叶、霍香、芦根配伍以解表、疏散风热、生津润燥；桔梗、鱼腥草、橘红治疗肺热燥咳，配伍罗汉果、杏仁以止咳化痰，利咽，润肠通便；山药、薏米、茯苓、健脾除湿，山楂配伍鸡内金、麦芽、大枣消食健胃和中，莱菔子消食除胀，降气化痰；本发明通过引入消食导滞与疏风清热及宣肺止咳结合的治疗原则，在治疗的过程中避免了小儿厌食，进而提高了小儿免疫力，综合性达到治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的目的。
具体实施方式
下面，结合实施方式及实施例例进一步表达本发明。
实施例1
本发明的实施方式总体介绍：
一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂，中药原料组分为：金银花、桑叶、鱼腥草、藿香、芦根、橘红、桔梗、茯苓、薏米、山药、炒杏仁、鸡内金、麦芽、大枣、山楂、莱菔子、罗汉果；其中，按重量份，桑叶、鱼腥草、藿香分别为12份，芦根为8-10份，剩余各组分均为6份；上述中药原料通过常规煎煮法提取，浓缩，加入适量蔗糖粉（按重量份，蔗糖粉的用量通常为98-105份）经过制粒，得到颗粒剂。
其中，炒杏仁是常规技术，具体为：取杏仁置锅内用文火炒至微黄色，取出放凉。
实施例1中，把各种中药原料配比后制备颗粒剂的过程，是现有常规技术。
实施例2
一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂的制备：
（1）组分准备
中药原料组分为：金银花、桑叶、鱼腥草、藿香、芦根、橘红、桔梗、茯苓、薏米、山药、炒杏仁、鸡内金、麦芽、大枣、山楂、莱菔子、罗汉果；准备桑叶、鱼腥草、藿香分别为12kg，芦根为9kg，剩余各组分均为6kg；总量为123kg；
（2）颗粒剂制备
以上中药原料加饮用水煎煮两次，按重量，第一次加8-10倍量水煎煮1小时，第二次加5-8倍量水煎煮1小时，合并二次煎液，过滤，浓缩至适量（在50℃时测相对密度为1.2-1.3即可），过60目筛（主要是去掉焦屑），加100目的蔗糖粉适量（100kg）混合并制成颗粒，80℃干燥，取出放凉, 筛除碎末，包装成10g/袋的规格。
实施例2中，芦根的用量比例是实施本发明时是最优化的选择。
实施例3
实施例3与实施例2的区别是：芦根为8kg，蔗糖粉加入量为98 kg。
本发明中，蔗糖粉作为中药颗粒剂制备的辅料，蔗糖粉的用量是现有常规技术。
本发明的功能主治：治疗发热恶风，鼻塞流涕，喉燥咽痛，咳嗽气粗，脘腹胀满，积滞便秘，厌食面黄，夜寐不安，咬指磨牙症状，从而实现疏风清热、宣肺止咳、消食导滞。
本发明的用法用量：每次1袋（10g），每日三次，用温开水冲服。
本发明的药效统计分析如下：对100例病症，采用本发明的中药进行了跟踪治疗，其中，治愈 82例，占82％；好转 14例，占14%；无效4例，占4 ％；总有效率为 96％。
采用实施例2的中药，下面结合15个具体病例来对本发明的疗效进一步阐述。
病例1：熊某某，女，4岁2月，2018年10月7日初诊，就诊时患儿体瘦，纳差已一年余，身高不足同龄人，面色偏黄，大便稀少，患儿家长经常给予健胃消食类药口服，效果不甚，可见舌淡红，苔白厚腻，脉细数；患儿服用本发明的中药一周后，患儿食欲增加，大便较前稍多，面色较前红润，遂继续服用本方三周，体重食欲均明显提高。
病例2：王某某，女，11岁，018年10月14日初诊，就诊时患儿已行扁桃体切除术后一周，咳嗽咽痒3天，诉经常便秘，有时3-4天行一次大便，舌红，苔薄黄，脉浮数；患儿服用本发明的中药三天后，咳嗽便秘症状已明显好转。
病例3：王某某，男，3岁6月，2018年10月21日初诊，就诊时患儿已咳嗽伴咳痰2天，患儿呼吸粗大，面色红，咽红充血，舌红，苔白厚，脉浮数；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药四天后，患儿家长代述患儿已不咳嗽。
病例4：唐某某，女，9岁，2018年10月18日初诊，就诊时患儿诉近期纳呆，平时还没放学就感觉饿，最近一周不觉的饿，食量也减少，家长在小区药店购买健胃消食片给予患儿口服两天，不见好转，随来就诊，舌淡红，苔白厚，脉细；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药一周后，复诊时纳呆症状明显好转。
病例5：周某某，男，3岁4月，2018年11月18日初诊，就诊时患儿已反复咳嗽伴气喘10余日，患儿家长述，该患儿已在社区诊所输液治疗3天效果不佳，遂前来就诊，可见咽红充血，舌红，苔白厚，脉滑数；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药3天后来复诊，复诊时患儿咳嗽已明显减少，无气喘症状，遂嘱患儿再服用一周。一周后复诊，患儿已痊愈。
病例6：张某，男，3岁6月，2018年11月18日初诊，家长代述患儿近 2日干咳，总是清嗓子，在家测最高体温37.4℃，纳差，精神欠佳，有时哭闹不安，可见咽红充血，咽喉壁上有小滤泡；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药3天后来复诊，复诊时患儿家长述当天便没有再发热，咳嗽减少，嘱再服用本药3天，再次复诊时患儿已痊愈。
病例7：张某某，男，9岁，2018年11月25日初诊，患儿自述近两日时有腹痛，痛时隐隐，不能确定疼痛部位，大便正常，睡眠不安，家长代述有时听到患儿夜间睡觉磨牙，可见舌红，苔薄白，脉弦滑；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药一周后来复诊，患儿自述已无腹痛，食纳可，大便正常，随后嘱患儿再继续服用本中药一周，巩固疗效。
病例8：谢某某，女，6岁，2018年12月2日初诊，就诊时患儿已咳嗽4天，白天有时可听到有痰，在家口服止咳糖浆两天未见好转，遂来就诊，可见患儿神清，精神可，体偏胖，咽红充血，余无不适，听诊未闻及异常，舌红，苔白厚，脉浮数；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药4天后来复诊，复诊时患儿白天已不咳嗽，夜间偶尔少许咳嗽，不咳痰，嘱患儿继续服用本中药3天，再诊时患儿已愈。
病例9：曹某某，男，12岁，2018年12月16日初诊，就诊时可见患儿体瘦，身高正常，家长代述患儿近1月来食欲减退，不知道饿，饭量也明显减少，大小便正常，去医院检查未发现明显异常，遂来就诊。可见舌淡红，苔白厚，脉滑；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药一周后来复诊，复诊时家长述患儿已恢复如前，为巩固疗效，建议患儿再服用一周。
病例10：方某某，男，11岁，2018年12月23日初诊，就诊时患儿已鼻塞咳嗽2天，有时打喷嚏，咽红充血，鼻粘膜充血，听诊未问及异常，余无不适，夜间睡眠欠佳，二便正常。舌红，苔薄白，脉浮数；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药3天后来复诊，复诊时患儿已好转痊愈。
病例11：包某某，女，2岁，2018年12月23日初诊，就诊时患儿家长代述患儿近一周大便干，有时排大便时哭闹，而且口臭。食纳可，平时喝奶量较以前无变化，夜间睡眠不安，时有哭闹。舌红，苔薄黄，脉细数；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药3天后复诊，复诊时患儿家长代述患儿大便已正常。
病例12：刘某某，男，3岁2月，2018年12月23日初诊，就诊时患儿已咳嗽1天，纳差2天，夜间睡眠不安，易醒，大便稍干，小便如常。咽红，听诊未问及异常，舌红，苔薄白，脉浮数；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药3天后来复诊，复诊时患儿家长述患儿服药第二天咳嗽已好转，食欲较前好转，嘱患儿继续服用本中药2天以巩固疗效。
病例13：代某某，女，8岁，2019年1月6日初诊，就诊时患儿鼻塞打喷嚏2天，咽红，扁桃体I度肿大，听诊未问及异常，纳差，经常清嗓子，二便正常。舌红，苔薄白，脉浮数；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药3天后复诊，复诊时患儿已无鼻塞打喷嚏，扁桃体仍稍肿大，嘱患儿继续服用本中药3天，再次复诊时，已痊愈。
病例14：张某某，女，10个月，2019年1月6日初诊，患儿家长代述患儿近2天哭闹不安，时有咳嗽，夜间睡眠不安，有时哭闹，昨天一天没解大便，小便正常，纳差，咽红充血，舌红，苔薄白，脉浮数。嘱患儿服用本发明的中药3天后来复诊，复诊时家长述患儿服用当天大便已解，已不咳嗽，睡眠很好。
病例15：龚某某，男，6个月，2019年1月20日初诊，患儿家长代述患儿昨日测最高体温38.5℃，大便一天未解，不咳嗽，纳差，经常哭闹不安，神清，精神差，咽红，舌红，苔白厚，脉浮数；嘱患儿服用本发明的中药3天后复诊，复诊时患儿家长述患儿当日服药后已不发热。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂，其特征在于：
中药原料组分为：金银花、桑叶、鱼腥草、藿香、芦根、橘红、桔梗、茯苓、薏米、山药、炒杏仁、鸡内金、麦芽、大枣、山楂、莱菔子、罗汉果；其中，按重量份，桑叶、鱼腥草、藿香分别为12份，芦根为8-10份，剩余各组分均为6份；
上述中药原料通过常规煎煮法提取，浓缩或喷雾干燥，加入适量蔗糖粉经过制粒，得到颗粒剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂，其特征在于：按重量份，蔗糖粉的用量是98-105份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种治疗小儿上呼吸道感染的药食两用中药颗粒剂，其特征在于：按重量份，芦根为9份，蔗糖粉的用量是100份。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113499425A (zh) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-10-15 | 北京贡源本草生物科技有限公司 | 一种治疗病毒性感冒的组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN114053355A (zh) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-02-18 | 北京中宝嘉亿国际生物科技研究有限公司 | 一种用于治疗呼吸道感染的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN115282235A (zh) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-11-04 | 蚌埠丰原涂山制药有限公司 | 一种清热解毒的中药复方、复方颗粒及其制备方法 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113499425A (zh) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-10-15 | 北京贡源本草生物科技有限公司 | 一种治疗病毒性感冒的组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN114053355A (zh) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-02-18 | 北京中宝嘉亿国际生物科技研究有限公司 | 一种用于治疗呼吸道感染的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN115282235A (zh) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-11-04 | 蚌埠丰原涂山制药有限公司 | 一种清热解毒的中药复方、复方颗粒及其制备方法 |
| CN115282235B (zh) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-10-31 | 蚌埠丰原涂山制药有限公司 | 一种清热解毒的中药复方、复方颗粒及其制备方法 |
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