CN111219104A

CN111219104A - Locking device with locking mechanism for safety door

Info

Publication number: CN111219104A
Application number: CN201911163597.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C.乌伦布罗克; T.布赫沃尔德; Y.塞维克; T.格布拉赫特
Original assignee: KA Schmersal Holding GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: KA Schmersal Holding GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2018-11-23
Filing date: 2019-11-25
Publication date: 2020-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-25
Also published as: US11346126B2; CN111219104B; JP7072552B2; US11761235B2; BR102019024526A2; ES2965153T3; US20220333405A1; EP3657063B1; JP2020105897A; EP3657063C0; DE102018009217A1; CA3062094C; CA3062094A1; EP3657063A1; US20200165839A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a locking device having a locking mechanism for a safety door, a mechanical actuator (1) that can be fastened to a movable door part, a housing (2) that can be fastened to a door counterpart and interacts with the actuator (1), said housing having a receptacle (3) to which the actuator (1) can be guided, and the housing (2) having a locking unit (4) that can be displaced between an unlocking position, in which the actuator (1) can be released, and a locking position, in which the actuator (1) can be fixed relative to the receptacle (3).

Description

Locking device with locking mechanism for safety door

Technical Field

The invention relates to a locking device having a locking mechanism (Zuhaltung) for a safety door, a mechanical actuator that can be fastened to a movable door part, a housing that can be fastened to a door counterpart and interacts with the actuator, said housing having a receptacle to which the actuator can be guided, and having a locking unit that can be displaced between an unlocking position, in which the actuator can be released, and a locking position, in which the actuator can be fixed relative to the receptacle.

Background

Such a device is known from DE 102010007388 a 1. With the known locking devices, it is possible in principle to protect machines and installations against unauthorized access, which could result in danger during operation of the machine or installation. The start-up of such a machine should only be allowed when the locking means is locked and if necessary a "door closed" signal is provided. Furthermore, access to the machine should generally be allowed only when the machine is no longer capable of presenting a hazard. This is achieved by means of a so-called locking mechanism, i.e. the locking device is only released when there is a stop signal or similar signal of the machine.

The known locking device implements a locking mechanism by means of a longitudinally displaceable tappet in the housing or frame part, which tappet is designed to fix the switching wheel in a defined state. The locking of the safety door can be effected by an actuator in the form of a key, which is fixed to the door part and is guided into a receptacle on the housing or frame part. In this case, the actuator rotates the switching wheel, so that the plunger can engage into a recess of the switching wheel by the force of the spring. In this way, removal of the key from the receptacle can be prevented. For the controlled release of the key after the machine is stopped, the tappet is transferred from the blocking position into the release position.

However, it is disadvantageous that a switching wheel is required, which is usually arranged in the first housing part, while the tappet is located in the second housing part. This results in a higher space requirement, so that the known locking devices cannot be constructed in a small manner. Furthermore, only the key position can be introduced into the receptacle precisely. It is not always possible to ensure a locking mechanism that prevents incorrect conclusions or, if necessary, additional mechanical alignment work on the safety door.

A locking device is known from US 2013/0088024 a1, in which the locking unit is designed as a locking piston which is guided longitudinally displaceably with spring pretension in the longitudinal direction of the piston.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a locking device with a locking mechanism of the type mentioned, which provides a high locking force, is simple to construct and can be used flexibly.

This object is achieved by the invention by a locking device having a locking mechanism for a safety door, a mechanical actuator that can be fastened to a movable door part, a housing that can be fastened to a door counterpart and interacts with the actuator, the housing having a receptacle to which the actuator can be guided, and the housing having a locking unit that can be displaced between an unlocking position, in which the actuator can be released, and a locking position, in which the actuator can be fastened relative to the receptacle, characterized in that the actuator has an engagement tongue with an engagement recess for mechanical engagement with a head-side end of a locking unit that is designed as a locking piston, which is guided in the housing in a longitudinally displaceable manner in a manner elastically pretensioned manner in the longitudinal direction of the piston relative to an inner sleeve-shaped fastening support, the fixed bearing carries a radially movable and fixable stop element which, during a defined state, latches the stop piston in the locking position on its inner contour, for which purpose the stop piston has a stop which acts in the longitudinal direction on the inner contour.

This provides a locking device with a locking mechanism for a safety door, wherein the separate actuator has a locking recess as an engagement recess for locking the piston. The locking recess and the locking piston describe a mechanical stop function. The locking piston is thus a catch piston. Furthermore, the locking possibility is provided by a mechanical stop function. The system locking unit and the manipulator are mechanically connected to each other by locking or latching of the latching piston. The locking is effected by a locking piston which is driven by a spring force and which in turn moves in the actuator to a locking recess which is present there.

The locking mechanism can be realized by a locking shaft or a locking pin which moves a stop element, for example four balls distributed over the circumference, within the locking piston, which can be carried out analogously to the ratchet principle (Ratschenprinzip). The stop element locks the locking piston against the locking shaft and thus prevents the retraction of the locking piston. The latch shaft/latch pin can be moved by a bistable lifting electromagnet. The position of the latch shaft/latch pin and the associated blocking of the locking function can be monitored safely.

In addition to the locking recess, an electronic authentication element, in particular an RFID tag, can also be present in the manipulator. The position of the RFID tag and thus the protection device can be detected securely with the RFID sensor in the locking unit. A combination of a contactless sensor (RFID) and a secure locking mechanism for securing the protective device can thus be formed.

The locking device according to the invention comprises a locking unit and a manipulator with an encodable RFID tag and a locking/engagement recess for a blocking/arresting piston. The RFID tag enables the function of constructing a proximity switch with defined characteristics in case of a fault. The locking/engagement recess makes it possible for the manipulator to be introduced into the receptacle or into the manipulator slot in a stepless manner over an angle of 180 °, the manipulator slot preferably being of a mouth-shaped configuration. The approach direction is thus particularly variable and angularly flexible.

Drawings

Further embodiments of the invention result from the following description and the dependent claims. The invention will be explained in detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments shown in the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of a locking device with a locking mechanism for a safety door and an actuator guided in an unlocked position;

fig. 2 shows a partial longitudinal section of the locking device according to fig. 1 in the region of the catch piston in a schematic and enlarged manner;

fig. 3 shows schematically and in enlarged view a partial longitudinal section of the locking device with a retracted catch piston in the manner according to fig. 1;

fig. 4 shows, schematically and in enlarged view, a partial longitudinal section of the locking device according to fig. 1 with the catch piston in the locking position;

FIG. 5 schematically shows a longitudinal section of the catch piston and its inner contour;

fig. 6 schematically shows a possible approach direction of the manipulator with respect to the housing of the locking device according to the invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the invention relates to a locking device with a locking mechanism for a safety door, a mechanical actuator 1 that can be fixed to a movable door part, and a housing 2 that interacts with the actuator 1 and can be fixed to a door counterpart. The housing 2 has a receptacle 3 to which the manipulator 1 can be transported. Fig. 1 shows the manipulator 1 in the introduction position.

The housing 2 has a locking unit 4, which can be transferred between an unlocking position, in which the manipulator 1 is released, and a locking position, in which the manipulator 1 is fixable relative to the receptacle 3, as will be described in more detail below.

The actuator 1 furthermore has an engagement tongue 5 with an engagement recess 6 for mechanical engagement with a head-side end 7 of the locking unit 4, which is designed as a locking piston 8. The catch piston 8 is guided in the housing 2 in a longitudinally displaceable manner with elastic pretension in the longitudinal direction of the piston, as is shown in particular in fig. 2 and 3. The catch piston 8 can thus be compressed in the unlocking position when the engagement tongue 5 of the manipulator 1 is moved in, as shown in fig. 3, and thus the transport of the manipulator 1 can be effected in a simple manner. The engagement recess 6 and the head-side end 7 can be self-centering by means of a suitable form fit.

A stop piston 8, which is designed in the form of a hollow pin, is guided in the housing 2 so as to be longitudinally displaceable relative to an inner sleeve-shaped fixed bearing 9, which carries a radially displaceable and fixable stop element 10. The catch element 10 serves to lock the catch piston 8 in the locking position during a defined state. For this purpose, the locking piston 8 has an inner contour 21 and a locking stop 11 acting in the longitudinal direction on the inner contour 21. A pretension spring 18 is supported on the fixed bearing 9, which pretension spring acts on the catch piston 8, which for this purpose has a support surface 19, as shown in fig. 5. The path of the insertion of the catch piston 8 can also be determined by the fixed bearing 9 on the housing 2, for which purpose the fixed bearing 9 can have a limiting surface 20. Furthermore, the fixed support 9 can occupy different positions in the longitudinal direction with respect to the housing 2.

A defined state can be determined by a signal to the lifting device 12 which implements the locking mechanism for moving the blocking element 10 and holding the blocking element 10 in a fixed pushed or rotated position in the locking position.

According to fig. 1, the lifting device 12 is designed, for example, as a bistable lifting electromagnet which moves a locking pin or a locking shaft 13 in the axial direction in the longitudinal direction of the piston between an unlocking position and a locking position of the catch piston 8. The locking element 10, which is embodied as a pin, ball, roller or blocking element, for example, is radially movably movable by means of an axially movable catch shaft/catch pin 13, for which purpose the catch shaft/catch pin 13 has a locking cone 14 which can be brought into engagement with the locking element 10, as is shown in fig. 2 and 3. Fig. 2 shows the locking piston 10 in the unlocked position, since the locking cone 14, with its small diameter on the end side, leaves the locking element 10 with play, so that no clamping locking engagement with the stop 11 on the inner contour 21 of the locking piston 8 results. According to fig. 4, the locking cone 14 engages with the locking element 10 with its end-side large diameter and clamps/presses the locking element against the stop 11, whereby a locking force is exerted on the locking piston 8, with the result that the locking piston 8 can no longer be compressed. The catch piston 8 is then in the locking position, as shown in fig. 4.

The engagement recess 6 formed on the engagement tongue 5 of the actuator 1 is preferably rotationally symmetrical for engagement with a head-side conical end 7 of a catch piston 8 as a form-fitting counterpart.

The housing 2 preferably has a mouth-shaped housing opening 15, in which the receptacle 3 is arranged. The receptacle 3 may have a lead-in/pivot region of at least 180 ° for the engagement tongue 5 in the unlocked position, as shown in fig. 6.

The engagement tongue 5 can furthermore carry an electronic authentication element, in particular an RFID tag 16. The housing 2 can have a sensor device 17 in the region of the receptacle 3 for detecting the electronic authentication element.

According to the invention, each type of door, flap, cover, hood, sliding door, swinging door, etc. is understood to be a security door. According to a further development of the invention, a device for switching an electrical connection, in particular a safety switch of a safety chain for the operation of a machine, can be provided, wherein the actuator 1 can be operatively connected to a switching head (not shown) for the switching of the electrical connection. Furthermore, auxiliary unlocking devices can be provided.

As shown in fig. 1, the housing 2 can be divided into an electronics housing part 2.1 and a mechanical housing part 2.2. The concept of separating the electronic device and the mechanical device enables a modular design that enables the mechanical device to be used for other product families. The housing 2 is thus advantageously divided into two parts.

Subsequently, the mechanical working principle of the locking device according to the invention with a locking mechanism is explained.

Starting from the closed safety door (not shown), the actuator 1 is located with its actuating tongue 5 in the engagement recess 6, and the catch piston 8 is located with its head-side end 7 in the engagement recess 6. If this state is reached and the RFID tag 16 located in the actuating tongue 5 is preferably additionally recognized by a sensor device 17, which is also preferably provided on the housing 2, the locking mechanism, i.e. the safety door, can be locked/locked.

For example, by a movement of the locking shaft/locking pin 13 in the direction of the catch piston 8. As a result, the stop element 10, for example a ball located in the ball bearing of the fixed bearing 9, is displaced radially, here for example outwardly. If the locking element 10, in particular a ball, for example four balls arranged distributed in the circumferential direction, is now pressed outward into a form/friction fit with a stop on the locking piston 8, the locking piston cannot be set back again. Therefore, a pull-out of the manipulator tongue 5, i.e. of the manipulator 1, is no longer possible. The security door is thus locked/locked.

The locking/engagement recess 6 makes it possible for the manipulator 1 to be introduced into the receptacle 3 or into a manipulator gap, which may preferably be designed in the form of a mouthpiece, in a stepless manner over an angle of 180 °. The approach direction is thus particularly variable and angularly flexible, as shown in fig. 6.

Claims

1. A locking device having a locking mechanism for a safety door, a mechanical actuator (1) which can be fastened to a movable door part, a housing (2) which can be fastened to a door counterpart and interacts with the actuator (1), which housing has a receptacle (3) to which the actuator (1) can be guided, and which housing (2) has a locking unit (4) which can be displaced between an unlocking position in which the actuator (1) can be released and a locking position in which the actuator (1) can be fixed relative to the receptacle (3), characterized in that the actuator (1) has an engagement tongue (5) with an engagement recess (6) for mechanical engagement with a head-side end (7) of a locking unit (4) which is designed as a locking piston (8), the catch piston (8) is guided in the housing (2) in a longitudinally displaceable manner with elastic pretension in the longitudinal direction of the piston relative to an inner sleeve-shaped fixing bearing (9) which carries a radially displaceable and fixable catch element (10) which, during a defined state, latches the catch piston (8) in a locking position on an inner contour (21) of the catch piston, for which purpose the catch piston (8) has a catch stop (11) which acts in the longitudinal direction on the inner contour (21).

2. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the defined state is determined by a signal to a lifting device (12) implementing the locking mechanism, the lifting device (12) being used to move the stop element (10) and to hold the stop element (10) in a fixed pushed or rotated position in the locking position.

3. Locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that the lifting device (12) is configured as a bistable lifting electromagnet.

4. A locking arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the detent element (10) is configured as a pin, ball, roller or blocking member.

5. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the stop element (10) is radially displaceable by means of an axially displaceable catch shaft or catch pin (13), for which purpose the catch shaft or catch pin (13) has a stop cone (14) which can be brought into engagement with the stop element (10).

6. A locking device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the engagement recess (6) formed on the engagement tongue (5) of the manipulator (1) is rotationally symmetrical for engagement with a head-side conical end (7) of a catch piston (8) as a counterpart.

7. A locking arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the housing has a housing opening in the shape of a mouth, in which housing opening the receiving portion (3) is arranged.

8. A locking arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the receptacle (3) has a lead-in/pivot region of at least 180 ° for the engagement tongue (5) in the unlocked position.

9. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the engagement tongue (7) carries an electronic authentication element, in particular an RFID tag (16).

10. The locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the housing (2) has a sensor device (17) for identifying an electronic authentication element in the region of the receptacle (3).

11. A locking arrangement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that a door, flap, cover, hood, sliding door, swinging door or the like is provided as the security door.

12. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a device for switching an electrical connection, in particular a safety switch of a safety chain for the operation of a machine, is provided, wherein for switching the electrical connection the manipulator (1) can be brought into operative connection with a switch head.