CN111206556A - High dam fish transporting device based on ship lock water delivery system and operation method - Google Patents
High dam fish transporting device based on ship lock water delivery system and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111206556A CN111206556A CN202010062891.9A CN202010062891A CN111206556A CN 111206556 A CN111206556 A CN 111206556A CN 202010062891 A CN202010062891 A CN 202010062891A CN 111206556 A CN111206556 A CN 111206556A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02C—SHIP-LIFTING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS
- E02C1/00—Locks or dry-docks; Shaft locks, i.e. locks of which one front side is formed by a solid wall with an opening in the lower part through which the ships pass
- E02C1/06—Devices for filling or emptying locks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high dam fish transporting device based on a ship lock water delivery system and an operation method, and belongs to the crossing field of ship lock engineering and ecological protection. The invention combines a ship lock water delivery system suitable for high water head conditions with fish lifting, and utilizes the ship lock water filling and draining process to synchronously fill water and drain water for the fish lifting well so as to realize the water level change of the fish lifting well, thereby realizing the lifting of the buoy and further driving the screen plate to vertically move to achieve the aim of transporting fish.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship lock engineering and ecological protection, and relates to a high dam fish transporting device based on a ship lock water delivery system and an operation method.
Background
The dam is built in the river, and the remarkable effects of flood control, power generation and navigation can be achieved. However, the construction of the dam cuts off the continuity of the river, thereby cutting off the migration channel of the fishes, changing the environment of the habitat of the fishes and causing great influence on the ecological environment. In order to solve the contradiction between dam construction and fish protection, the research and construction of fish passing facilities become very important. At present, the major fish passing facilities are fishways and fish lifts. The fishway has the characteristics of large one-time investment, suitability for high water head difference and the like, and particularly has prominent defects of fishway applicability for high dam engineering. Although the fish elevator is suitable for high dam engineering, the lifting power of the fish elevator mainly depends on electric power, and the construction, operation and maintenance costs of electromechanical equipment caused by the electric power are still high. Therefore, a high dam fish transporting device which is simple and convenient to operate and relatively economical in maintenance cost needs to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a high dam fish transporting device based on a lock water delivery system and an operation method thereof, wherein a fish transporting facility is driven to vertically lift through water level change, and compared with a traditional fish lifting machine, the construction, operation and maintenance costs of electromechanical equipment of the fish transporting device can be effectively reduced, and the fish transporting device is suitable for the complex hydraulic requirements of a high dam.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention discloses a high dam fish transporting device based on a ship lock water transporting system, which comprises a water filling gallery and a water draining gallery, wherein the water filling gallery is connected with a ship lock chamber and is provided with a water filling valve, the water draining gallery is provided with a water draining valve, the high dam fish transporting device comprises a water transporting pipeline, a fish lifting well, a fish lifting assembly, an upstream fish passing channel and a downstream fish passing channel, the water transporting pipeline and the ship lock chamber are arranged in parallel and are arranged behind the water filling valve and in front of the water draining valve, the fish lifting well is respectively connected with the water transporting pipeline through an energy dissipation assembly, is connected with the downstream fish passing channel through a lower gate and is connected with the upstream fish passing channel through an upper gate, the fish lifting assembly is arranged in the fish lifting well and consists of a screen plate and a buoy, at least three buoy wells which are communicated with the fish lifting well and are used for placing the buoy are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the fish lifting well, and the screen.
Furthermore, the high dam fish transporting device also comprises a fish collecting pond connected with the downstream fish passing channel, and a fish collecting lamp is arranged in the fish collecting pond; the fish lifting assembly also comprises a fish hastening facility arranged on the screen plate; and the front and the back of the joint of the water pipeline and the energy dissipation assembly are respectively provided with an overhaul valve.
Further, the energy dissipation assembly comprises energy dissipation pipes and an energy dissipation cover plate arranged above the energy dissipation pipes, the energy dissipation pipes are arranged at the bottom of the fish-raising well and connected with the water conveying pipeline, top water passing seams are formed in the corresponding surfaces of the energy dissipation pipes facing the energy dissipation cover plate, the energy dissipation cover plate covers the top water passing seams formed in the energy dissipation pipes, and the energy dissipation pipes are of a dressing structure or a Chinese character 'hui' structure.
Furthermore, the fish transporting device for the high dam further comprises a drainage pipeline with a drainage valve, one end of the drainage pipeline is connected with the energy dissipation pipe at the bottom of the fish lifting well, and the other end of the drainage pipeline is connected with the bottom of the fish collecting pool through the other energy dissipation assembly.
Further, the fish transporting device for the high dam further comprises a water filling pipeline which is provided with a water cut-off valve and a water filling valve in sequence, wherein the water filling pipeline is connected to the upstream reservoir area at one end of the water cut-off valve and is connected to the water conveying pipeline at one end of the water filling valve and is located between the two maintenance valves.
The invention also provides an operation method of the high dam fish transporting device based on the ship lock water delivery system, which comprises the following steps:
a1, before water is poured into the lock chamber of the ship lock: the irrigation valve, the water discharge valve and the upper gate are all in a closed state, and the lower gate is in an open state, so that the fishes swim into the fish lifting well through the fish channel downstream;
a2, filling water in a lock chamber of a ship lock: closing the lower gate, opening the irrigation valve, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to rise to drive the fish lifting assembly to drive the fishes to rise, closing the irrigation valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock rises to the water level of the upstream reservoir area, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to rise to the water level of the upstream fish passage at the moment, and opening the upper gate, wherein during the ship going out of the lock, the fishes freely lift the fish well and swim into the upstream reservoir area from the upstream fish passage;
a3, before water drainage of the lock chamber of the ship lock: closing the upper gate, and isolating the fish lifting well from the upstream fish passing channel;
a4, lock chamber draining: and (3) opening a drain valve, enabling the water level of the fish-raising well to fall to drive the fish-raising assembly to fall, closing the drain valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock falls to the downstream water level, enabling the water level of the fish-raising well to fall to the downstream water level of the fish channel, opening a lower gate, and returning to the step 1).
Preferably, step a1 also leaves two service valves open; alternatives to steps A3 and a4 are:
a3', closing the upper gate and two maintenance valves, and isolating the fish lifting well from the ship lock water delivery system and the upstream fish passing channel; then the drainage valve is opened, the water level of the fish lifting well is lowered to drive the fish lifting assembly to descend, water in the fish lifting well is drained to the fish collecting pond through the drainage pipeline, the opening of the drainage valve is controlled, the favorite flow rate of the fishes is manufactured in the fish collecting pond, and meanwhile, the fishes are induced to enter the fish collecting pond by virtue of a fish collecting lamp arranged in the fish collecting pond; after the water level of the fish well is lowered to the water level of the downstream fish channel, opening the lower gate and returning to the step 1);
a4', lock chamber draining: and opening the water drainage valve, and closing the water drainage valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is reduced to the downstream water level, wherein the water drainage of the lock chamber of the ship lock does not participate in the water drainage of the fish well.
The invention also provides another operation method of the high dam fish transporting device based on the ship lock water delivery system, which comprises the following steps:
b1, the water filling valve, the water discharging valve, the upper gate, the water filling valve and the two maintenance valves are all in a closed state, and the lower gate and the water cut-off valve are in an open state, so that the fishes swim into the fish lifting well through the downstream fish passage;
b2, closing the lower gate, opening the water filling valve, driving the fish lifting assembly to lift the fish by the water level of the fish lifting well, closing the water filling valve after the water level of the fish lifting well rises to the water level of the upstream fish passing channel, and opening the upper gate, so that the fish can freely lift the fish lifting well and swim into the upstream reservoir area from the upstream fish passing channel;
b3, filling water in the lock chamber of the ship lock: and (4) opening the water filling valve, and closing the water filling valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock rises to the water level of the upstream reservoir area, wherein the water filling of the lock chamber of the ship lock does not participate in the water filling of the fish well.
B4, before draining the water in the lock chamber of the ship lock: closing the upper gate, and isolating the fish lifting well from the upstream fish passing channel;
b5, lock chamber draining: and (3) opening a drain valve and a maintenance valve close to one side of the drain valve, enabling the fish lifting assembly to descend by descending the water level of the fish lifting well, closing the drain valve and the maintenance valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock descends to the downstream water level, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to descend to the downstream water level of the fish passage, opening a lower gate, and returning to the step 1).
Preferably, the alternatives of steps B4 and B5 are:
b4', closing the upper gate, and isolating the fish lifting well from the upstream fish passing channel; then the drainage valve is opened, the water level of the fish lifting well is lowered to drive the fish lifting assembly to descend, water in the fish lifting well is drained to the fish collecting pond through the drainage pipeline, the opening of the drainage valve is controlled, the favorite flow rate of the fishes is manufactured in the fish collecting pond, and meanwhile, the fishes are induced to enter the fish collecting pond by virtue of a fish collecting lamp arranged in the fish collecting pond; after the water level of the fish well is lowered to the water level of the downstream fish channel, opening the lower gate and returning to the step 1);
b5', lock chamber draining: and opening the water drainage valve, and closing the water drainage valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is reduced to the downstream water level, wherein the water drainage of the lock chamber of the ship lock does not participate in the water drainage of the fish well.
Preferably, in step B1, the water filling valve is opened a small amount to create a preferred flow rate of fish in the downstream fish passageway to attract fish into the fish-raising well.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the operation and the maintenance are simple and convenient. The fish transporting device is simple, the lifting of the fish transporting facility can be realized only by filling water into the fish lifting well, and the fish transporting facility is designed into a wire mesh structure, so that water bodies in the fish lifting well are convenient to communicate, the fish and the fish can freely enter and exit from the upstream and the downstream, multiple entrance doors do not need to be additionally designed for sealing the fish lifting well, and the fish transporting function is easily realized. In addition, compare with traditional fish lift, saved the regularly loaded down with trivial details maintenance work of electromechanical hoist system.
2. And energy is saved. The fish transporting facility only needs to irrigate and drain the water to the fish lifting well in the up and down directions, and almost does not consume electric energy compared with the traditional fish lifting machine.
3. The method is suitable for the complex hydraulic requirements of high dams. The invention combines the fish conveying structures of the high-head lock water conveying structure, and the adopted top water passing seam and the energy dissipation cover plate have high-efficiency energy dissipation effect, so that the water surface turbulence and fluctuation of the fish lifting well can be ensured not to be over violent, and the smooth lifting of the buoy is ensured.
4. The invention provides four different fish transporting methods, which has the advantages of strong applicability and various selectable forms.
Generally speaking, the invention combines a ship lock water delivery system suitable for high water head conditions with fish lifting, namely, the ship lock water filling and draining process is utilized to synchronously fill water and drain water for the fish lifting well so as to realize the water level change of the fish lifting well, thereby realizing the lifting of the buoy and further driving the screen plate to vertically move to achieve the aim of fish conveying. The invention replaces the electric power of the traditional fish lifting machine with the water level change as the driving force, has the advantages of simple and convenient maintenance, convenient operation, energy conservation and the like, and has the distinct advantage of adapting to the complex hydraulic requirements of high dams.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a vertical layout view of the structure of the fish transporting device in a high dam of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the structure of the fish transporting device in a high dam according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of the connection between the water delivery system and the fish lifting well of the fish transporting device of the high dam;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the net plate lifting of the fish transporting device in a high dam according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the descending of the net plate of the fish transporting device in a high dam according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of another embodiment of the fish transporting device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a plan view of another embodiment of the high dam fish transport apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a water delivery hydraulic characteristic diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a diagram of the water surface fluctuation characteristic of the fish-raising well in the embodiment of fig. 7.
The drawings are numbered as follows: the fish-catching device comprises an irrigation gallery 1, an irrigation valve 2, a water conveying pipeline 3, a water draining gallery 4, a water draining valve 5, a fish collecting pool 6, a fish collecting lamp 7, a downstream fish passing channel 8, a lower gate 9, a buoy well 10, a fish lifting well 11, an upper gate 12, an upstream fish passing channel 13, a buoy 14, a fish accelerating facility 15, a screen plate 16, an energy dissipation cover plate 17, an energy dissipation pipe 18, an overhaul valve 19, a water draining valve 20, a water draining pipeline 21, a water cut-off valve 22, a water filling valve 23 and a water filling pipeline 24.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the high dam fish transporting device based on the ship lock water transporting system provided in this embodiment, the ship lock water transporting system is combined with fish lifting, that is, water is synchronously poured and drained from the fish lifting well in the ship lock water pouring and draining process, so as to change the water level of the fish lifting well, thereby realizing the lifting of the buoy and further driving the mesh plate to vertically move to transport fish.
Specifically, the ship lock water delivery system comprises a water filling gallery 1 which is connected with a ship lock chamber (not shown) and is provided with a water filling valve 2, and a water draining gallery 4 with a water draining valve 5, the high dam fish transporting device comprises a water delivery pipeline 3, a fish lifting well 11, a fish lifting assembly, an upstream fish passing channel 13 and a downstream fish passing channel 8, the water delivery pipeline 3 and the ship lock chamber are arranged in parallel and are arranged behind the water filling valve 2 and in front of the water draining valve 5, the fish lifting well is respectively connected with the water delivery pipeline 3 through an energy dissipation assembly, is connected with the downstream fish passing channel 8 through a lower gate 9, and is connected with the upstream fish passing channel 13 through an upper gate 12, the fish lifting assembly is arranged in the fish lifting well 11 and consists of a screen plate 16 and a buoy 14, the fish lifting well 11 adopts a quadrilateral structure, can adopt a circular or other polygonal structure according to actual requirements, and is uniformly provided with four buoy wells 10 which are communicated with the buoy 14, the net plate 16 is arranged in the fish lifting well 11 and is connected with the buoys 14, the buoys are designed into a serial structure of a plurality of buoys, the required number of the buoys is changed according to the requirements of different fish passing seasons, and the buoys are symmetrically arranged in four buoy wells.
As shown in fig. 3, the energy dissipation assembly in this embodiment includes energy dissipation pipes 18 and an energy dissipation cover plate 17 disposed above the energy dissipation pipes, the energy dissipation pipes 18 are disposed at the bottom of the fish-raising well 11 and connected to the water pipes 3, and top water passing slits are disposed on a corresponding surface of the energy dissipation cover plate 17, the energy dissipation cover plate 17 covers the top water passing slits disposed on the energy dissipation pipes 18, the energy dissipation pipes 18 are in a comb structure, that is, two or more branch pipes are disposed below the bottom plate of the fish-raising well, each branch pipe is connected to the fish-raising well through the top water passing slits, and of course, in different embodiments, the energy dissipation assembly may be in a zigzag structure, which can also achieve the purpose of energy dissipation.
In this embodiment, a service valve 19 for closing the energy dissipation pipe 18 is provided on the water pipe 3 and in front of and behind the energy dissipation pipe connected thereto. The device can be used for carrying out corresponding overhaul and maintenance work on the fish lifting well, the fish lifting assembly and the like.
The bottom slope of the downstream fish passage in this embodiment is 1: 100. So that the fish can enter the fish lifting well.
The fish lifting assembly in this embodiment further comprises a fish attracting facility 15 provided on the net panel 16. For example, the conventional prior art such as sonar, sound wave, vibration and the like is adopted. So as to achieve the purpose of driving the fishes, and the fishes in the fish lifting well can be quickly swimed into the upstream fish passing channel.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the operation method of the high dam fish transporting device based on the lock water delivery system comprises the following steps:
a1, before water is poured into the lock chamber of the ship lock: the irrigation valve, the water discharge valve and the upper gate are all in a closed state, and the lower gate is in an open state, so that the fishes swim into the fish lifting well through the fish channel downstream;
a2, filling water in a lock chamber of a ship lock: closing the lower gate, opening the irrigation valve, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to rise to drive the fish lifting assembly to drive the fishes to rise, closing the irrigation valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock rises to the water level of the upstream reservoir area, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to rise to the water level of the upstream fish passage at the moment, and opening the upper gate, wherein during the ship going out of the lock, the fishes freely lift the fish well and swim into the upstream reservoir area from the upstream fish passage;
a3, before water drainage of the lock chamber of the ship lock: closing the upper gate, and isolating the fish lifting well from the upstream fish passing channel;
a4, lock chamber draining: and (3) opening a drain valve, enabling the water level of the fish-raising well to fall to drive the fish-raising assembly to fall, closing the drain valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock falls to the downstream water level, enabling the water level of the fish-raising well to fall to the downstream water level of the fish channel, opening a lower gate, and returning to the step 1).
Preferably, the water filling valve can be opened in a small amount to produce the preferential flow rate of the fishes in the downstream fish passage so as to attract the fishes to enter the fish lifting well.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 6, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the fish transporting device in the high dam further includes a fish collecting tank 6 connected to the downstream fish passage 8, and a fish collecting lamp 7 is provided in the fish collecting tank 6. Therefore, before the fish passes through the fish channel downstream, the fishes are attracted in advance to enter the fish collecting pond as transit, so that the fishes can better enter the fish lifting well.
The fish transporting device for the high dam in the embodiment further comprises a water discharge pipeline 21 connected between the fish collecting pond 6 and the energy dissipation component arranged at the bottom of the fish lifting well 11, a water discharge valve 20 is arranged on the water discharge pipeline 21, and the fish collecting pond 6 and the water discharge pipeline 21 are connected through the other energy dissipation component. Therefore, the fish lifting well is sealed by matching with the maintenance valve, the upper gate and the lower gate, and water in the fish lifting well can be drained by the drainage valve so as to produce the favorite flow velocity of the fishes in the fish collecting pond and attract the fishes to enter the fish collecting pond.
Another operation method of the high dam fish transporting device based on the ship lock water conveying system comprises the following steps:
a1, before water is poured into the lock chamber of the ship lock: the irrigation valve, the water discharge valve and the upper gate are all in a closed state, and the lower gate is in an open state, so that the fishes swim into the fish lifting well through the fish channel downstream;
a2, filling water in a lock chamber of a ship lock: closing the lower gate, opening the irrigation valve, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to rise to drive the fish lifting assembly to drive the fishes to rise, closing the irrigation valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock rises to the water level of the upstream reservoir area, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to rise to the water level of the upstream fish passage at the moment, and opening the upper gate, wherein during the ship going out of the lock, the fishes freely lift the fish well and swim into the upstream reservoir area from the upstream fish passage;
a3', closing the upper gate and two maintenance valves, and isolating the fish lifting well from the ship lock water delivery system and the upstream fish passing channel; then the drainage valve is opened, the water level of the fish lifting well is lowered to drive the fish lifting assembly to descend, water in the fish lifting well is drained to the fish collecting pond through the drainage pipeline, the opening of the drainage valve is controlled, the favorite flow rate of the fishes is manufactured in the fish collecting pond, and meanwhile, the fishes are induced to enter the fish collecting pond by virtue of a fish collecting lamp arranged in the fish collecting pond; after the water level of the fish well is lowered to the water level of the downstream fish channel, opening the lower gate and returning to the step 1);
a4', lock chamber draining: and opening the water drainage valve, and closing the water drainage valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is reduced to the downstream water level, wherein the water drainage of the lock chamber of the ship lock does not participate in the water drainage of the fish well.
Of course, in different embodiments, in step a 4', whether the drain valve is opened or not, a service valve located on the water pipe and near one side of the drain valve can be opened, so that when the lock chamber needs to be drained, the water in the lock chamber can be drained separately or synchronously through the fish lifting well, so as to achieve the purpose of prolonging the drainage of the fish lifting well, thereby creating a longer preferred flow rate of fish in the fish collecting tank to achieve the purpose of guiding fish for a long time.
In addition, under the similar conditions of the embodiment, if the water pipeline is only connected behind the irrigation valve and is not connected with the drainage gallery, the operation mode of the fish well lifting can be realized by referring to the second embodiment; or the water pipe is connected before the irrigation valve, or the water pipe is directly connected with the upstream reservoir area, and the like, the water pipe is regarded as falling into the invention, and the details are as follows.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 7, the fish transporting device in the high dam of this embodiment further includes a water filling pipe 24 having a water cut-off valve 22 and a water filling valve 23 sequentially arranged, wherein the water filling pipe 24 is connected to the upstream reservoir area at one end of the water cut-off valve 22, connected to the water pipe 3 at one end of the water filling valve 23, and located between the two service valves 19.
Thus, the fish transporting method comprises the following steps:
b1, the water filling valve, the water discharging valve, the upper gate, the water filling valve and the two maintenance valves are all in a closed state, and the lower gate and the water cut-off valve are in an open state, so that the fishes swim into the fish lifting well through the downstream fish passage;
b2, closing the lower gate, opening the water filling valve, driving the fish lifting assembly to lift the fish by the water level of the fish lifting well, closing the water filling valve after the water level of the fish lifting well rises to the water level of the upstream fish passing channel, and opening the upper gate, so that the fish can freely lift the fish lifting well and swim into the upstream reservoir area from the upstream fish passing channel;
b3, filling water in the lock chamber of the ship lock: and (4) opening the water filling valve, and closing the water filling valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock rises to the water level of the upstream reservoir area, wherein the water filling of the lock chamber of the ship lock does not participate in the water filling of the fish well.
B4, before draining the water in the lock chamber of the ship lock: closing the upper gate, and isolating the fish lifting well from the upstream fish passing channel;
b5, lock chamber draining: and (3) opening a drain valve and a maintenance valve close to one side of the drain valve, enabling the fish lifting assembly to descend by descending the water level of the fish lifting well, closing the drain valve and the maintenance valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock descends to the downstream water level, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to descend to the downstream water level of the fish passage, opening a lower gate, and returning to the step 1).
Example four
As shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that: set up water filling pipeline and drainage pipe who is connected with rising fish well alone, establish water break valve and water filling valve on its water filling pipeline, establish drainage valve on the drainage pipe, the water break valve is for opening the form usually, for closing the form when waiting to overhaul rising fish well, and will close two maintenance valves simultaneously, shield the lock chamber and irritate the influence of water to it, this operation method is:
step 1) the water filling valve and the water draining valve are both in a closed state, the upper gate and the lower gate are both in a closed state, the water level of the fish lifting well is flush with the downstream fish passing channel, the number of fishes in the fish collecting pond is enough, and the fish collecting pond is set to be in an initial state;
step 2) opening a lower gate, and simultaneously opening a water filling valve on a water filling pipeline in a small amount, so that water in an upstream reservoir area is introduced into a downstream fish passing channel, the favorite flow velocity of fish is produced in the downstream fish passing channel, and the fish is attracted to enter a fish lifting well;
step 3) after the number of fishes in the fish well is enough, closing the lower gate, and continuously opening the water filling valve, wherein the water level of the fish well rises, and the buoy rises along with the water level, so that the fishes in the net plate are driven to rise together;
step 4), after the water level of the fish well is flush with the water level of the upstream fish passing channel, finishing water filling, closing a water filling valve, and opening an upper gate;
step 5) starting a fish-accelerating facility, and driving the fishes out of the fish-lifting well and into an upstream fish-passing channel;
step 6), closing an upper gate after all the fishes enter an upstream fish passage;
step 7) opening a drainage valve on a drainage pipeline, starting to drain water to the fish collecting pool, simultaneously controlling drainage flow to make the favorite flow velocity of the fishes, and simultaneously inducing the fishes to enter the fish collecting pool by virtue of a fish collecting lamp arranged in the fish collecting pool;
and 8) after the water level of the fish well is leveled with the water level of the downstream fish passing channel, finishing drainage, closing the drainage valve, and returning to the step 1). In the process, the ship lock chamber of the ship lock water delivery system is not irrigated or drained by the fish lifting well, and the fish lifting well operates independently.
The invention takes the fish transporting project with the design water head of 150m as an example: the design scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the plane dimension of the fish-raising well is 2m multiplied by 2m, the section dimension of the maintenance valve of the water pipeline is 0.2m multiplied by 0.2m, and the section area of the branch pipeline of the energy dissipation pipe is 2 multiplied by 0.2m multiplied by 0.12m which is 0.048m2The total area of the top water passing seam is 2 multiplied by 0.95 multiplied by 0.03m which is 0.057m2If the opening time of the water filling valve is set to be 20min, the total resistance coefficient of the water filling section can be calculated to be 4.59, and the flow coefficient is 0.47The maximum water filling flow rate is 0.61m3/s, the water filling time is 27min (figure 8), namely the time consumed by the fish transporting facility for completing one ascending is 27 min. Through the three-dimensional water flow numerical simulation of the water filling process of the fish lifting well (figure 9), the maximum water surface fluctuation of the water filling process in the fish lifting well is 350s, and the maximum longitudinal fluctuation value is 0.06 m. Therefore, by adopting the structure of the invention, the water surface fluctuation in the fish lifting well can be effectively controlled, so that the influence of the water surface fluctuation on the sloshing of the buoy is reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is apparent that those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A high dam fish transporting device based on a ship lock water transporting system, the ship lock water transporting system comprises an irrigation gallery (1) which is connected with a ship lock chamber and is provided with an irrigation valve (2) and a drainage gallery (4) which is provided with a drainage valve (5), and the high dam fish transporting device is characterized by comprising a water pipeline (3), a fish lifting well (11), a fish lifting assembly, an upstream fish passing channel (13) and a downstream fish passing channel (8), wherein the water pipeline and the ship lock chamber are arranged in parallel and are arranged behind the irrigation valve and in front of the drainage valve, the fish lifting well is respectively connected with the water pipeline through an energy dissipation assembly, is connected with the downstream fish passing channel through a lower gate (9) and is connected with the upstream fish passing channel through an upper gate (12), the fish lifting assembly is arranged in the fish lifting well and consists of a screen plate (16) and a buoy (14), and at least three buoy wells (10) which are communicated with the fish lifting well and used for placing the buoy are circumferentially distributed on the fish lifting well, the net plate is arranged in the fish lifting well and is connected with the buoy.
2. The high dam fish transporting device based on the ship lock water conveying system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the high dam fish transporting device further comprises a fish collecting tank (6) connected with a downstream fish passing channel, and a fish collecting lamp (7) is arranged in the fish collecting tank; the fish lifting assembly also comprises a fish accelerating facility (15) arranged on the screen plate; and the front and the back of the joint of the water pipeline and the energy dissipation assembly are respectively provided with an overhaul valve (19).
3. The high dam fish transportation device based on the lock water delivery system according to claim 2, wherein the energy dissipation assembly comprises energy dissipation pipes (18) and energy dissipation cover plates (17) arranged above the energy dissipation pipes, the energy dissipation pipes are arranged at the bottom of the fish-raising well and connected with the water delivery pipes, top water passing seams are arranged on the corresponding surfaces of the energy dissipation cover plates facing the energy dissipation cover plates, the energy dissipation cover plates cover the top water passing seams arranged on the energy dissipation pipes, and the energy dissipation pipes are of a comb structure or a Chinese character 'hui' structure.
4. The high dam fish transport device based on the lock water delivery system of claim 3, further comprising a drain pipe (21) having a drain valve (20), one end of the drain pipe being connected to the energy dissipation pipe at the bottom of the fish ascending well, and the other end being connected to the bottom of the fish collection tank through another energy dissipation assembly.
5. The high dam fish transportation device based on the ship lock water delivery system of any one of claims 2-4, further comprising a water filling pipe (24) having a water cut-off valve (22) and a water filling valve (23) sequentially arranged, the water filling pipe being connected to the upstream reservoir area at one end of the water cut-off valve and connected to the water delivery pipe at one end of the water filling valve and located between the two service valves.
6. A method of operating a high dam fish transport system based on the lock water delivery system of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
a1, before water is poured into the lock chamber of the ship lock: the irrigation valve, the water discharge valve and the upper gate are all in a closed state, and the lower gate is in an open state, so that the fishes swim into the fish lifting well through the fish channel downstream;
a2, filling water in a lock chamber of a ship lock: closing the lower gate, opening the irrigation valve, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to rise to drive the fish lifting assembly to drive the fishes to rise, closing the irrigation valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock rises to the water level of the upstream reservoir area, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to rise to the water level of the upstream fish passage at the moment, and opening the upper gate, wherein during the ship going out of the lock, the fishes freely lift the fish well and swim into the upstream reservoir area from the upstream fish passage;
a3, before water drainage of the lock chamber of the ship lock: closing the upper gate, and isolating the fish lifting well from the upstream fish passing channel;
a4, lock chamber draining: and (3) opening a drain valve, enabling the water level of the fish-raising well to fall to drive the fish-raising assembly to fall, closing the drain valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock falls to the downstream water level, enabling the water level of the fish-raising well to fall to the downstream water level of the fish channel, opening a lower gate, and returning to the step 1).
7. The method of operation of claim 6 wherein step a1 further comprises opening both service valves; alternatives to steps A3 and a4 are:
a3', closing the upper gate and two maintenance valves, and isolating the fish lifting well from the upstream fish passing channel and the ship lock water delivery system; then the drainage valve is opened, the water level of the fish lifting well is lowered to drive the fish lifting assembly to descend, water in the fish lifting well is drained to the fish collecting pond through the drainage pipeline, the opening of the drainage valve is controlled, the favorite flow rate of the fishes is manufactured in the fish collecting pond, and meanwhile, the fishes are induced to enter the fish collecting pond by virtue of a fish collecting lamp arranged in the fish collecting pond; after the water level of the fish well is lowered to the water level of the downstream fish channel, opening the lower gate and returning to the step 1);
a4', lock chamber draining: and opening the water drainage valve, and closing the water drainage valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is reduced to the downstream water level, wherein the water drainage of the lock chamber of the ship lock does not participate in the water drainage of the fish well.
8. A method for operating a high dam fish transport device based on the ship lock water delivery system of claim 5, comprising the steps of:
b1, the water filling valve, the water discharging valve, the upper gate, the water filling valve and the two maintenance valves are all in a closed state, and the lower gate and the water cut-off valve are in an open state, so that the fishes swim into the fish lifting well through the downstream fish passage;
b2, closing the lower gate, opening the water filling valve, driving the fish lifting assembly to lift the fish by the water level of the fish lifting well, closing the water filling valve after the water level of the fish lifting well rises to the water level of the upstream fish passing channel, and opening the upper gate, so that the fish can freely lift the fish lifting well and swim into the upstream reservoir area from the upstream fish passing channel;
b3, filling water in the lock chamber of the ship lock: and (4) opening the water filling valve, and closing the water filling valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock rises to the water level of the upstream reservoir area, wherein the water filling of the lock chamber of the ship lock does not participate in the water filling of the fish well.
B4, before draining the water in the lock chamber of the ship lock: closing the upper gate, and isolating the fish lifting well from the upstream fish passing channel;
b5, lock chamber draining: and (3) opening a drain valve and a maintenance valve close to one side of the drain valve, enabling the fish lifting assembly to descend by descending the water level of the fish lifting well, closing the drain valve and the maintenance valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock descends to the downstream water level, enabling the water level of the fish lifting well to descend to the downstream water level of the fish passage, opening a lower gate, and returning to the step 1).
9. Operating method according to claim 8, characterized in that the alternatives of steps B4 and B5 are:
b4', closing the upper gate, and isolating the fish lifting well from the upstream fish passing channel; then the drainage valve is opened, the water level of the fish lifting well is lowered to drive the fish lifting assembly to descend, water in the fish lifting well is drained to the fish collecting pond through the drainage pipeline, the opening of the drainage valve is controlled, the favorite flow rate of the fishes is manufactured in the fish collecting pond, and meanwhile, the fishes are induced to enter the fish collecting pond by virtue of a fish collecting lamp arranged in the fish collecting pond; after the water level of the fish well is lowered to the water level of the downstream fish channel, opening the lower gate and returning to the step 1);
b5', lock chamber draining: and opening the water drainage valve, and closing the water drainage valve after the water level of the lock chamber of the ship lock is reduced to the downstream water level, wherein the water drainage of the lock chamber of the ship lock does not participate in the water drainage of the fish well.
10. The method of operation of claim 9, wherein in step B1, the fill valve is opened a small amount to create a preferred flow rate of fish in the downstream fish passageway to attract fish into the fish-raising well.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010062891.9A CN111206556A (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2020-01-19 | High dam fish transporting device based on ship lock water delivery system and operation method |
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| CN202010062891.9A CN111206556A (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2020-01-19 | High dam fish transporting device based on ship lock water delivery system and operation method |
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| CN111206556A true CN111206556A (en) | 2020-05-29 |
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| CN202010062891.9A Pending CN111206556A (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2020-01-19 | High dam fish transporting device based on ship lock water delivery system and operation method |
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| CN111809563A (en) * | 2020-07-04 | 2020-10-23 | 广东粤源工程咨询有限公司 | Utilize integrated configuration of river levee and lock to realize crossing fish function |
| CN112640832A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-13 | 易科捷(武汉)生态科技有限公司 | Full-automatic simple fish passing channel facility and use method thereof |
| CN114673124A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-06-28 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fish passing system with travel ornamental function and fish passing method |
| CN115288088A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-04 | 李飞 | Dam upper structure of migration channel |
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Application publication date: 20200529 |