CN111198298A - Data acquisition device suitable for multiple current sensor - Google Patents
Data acquisition device suitable for multiple current sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111198298A CN111198298A CN201811386820.3A CN201811386820A CN111198298A CN 111198298 A CN111198298 A CN 111198298A CN 201811386820 A CN201811386820 A CN 201811386820A CN 111198298 A CN111198298 A CN 111198298A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2506—Arrangements for conditioning or analysing measured signals, e.g. for indicating peak values ; Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
- G01R15/181—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using coils without a magnetic core, e.g. Rogowski coils
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Abstract
The invention relates to a data acquisition device suitable for multiple current sensors, belonging to the technical field of intelligent substation line detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a data acquisition device suitable for various current sensors, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent substation line detection.
Background
The Rogowski coil is an air core coil with a special structure, does not have the problem of magnetic saturation and the problem of stability of heat and power because of no iron core, and is hardly limited by the size of the measured current. The device induces corresponding electric potential due to the change of a magnetic field generated by the measured current, and is not directly connected with the measured current loop; however, the sensing output is a differential small voltage signal, and an integral amplification process is required. The range of applications of rogowski coils is mainly focused on: the device is used for measuring pulse current, transient current, stable alternating current heavy current, current monitoring for relay protection and the like.
The chinese patent application publication No. CN106093547A discloses a rogowski coil current transformer measuring device based on auxiliary coil correction, which is arranged on a line to form a detection line when detecting the line,
the measuring device comprises a Rogowski coil and an auxiliary coil, wherein the output ends of the Rogowski coil and the auxiliary coil are connected with corresponding signal conditioning loops and then output to subsequent equipment. The auxiliary coil is an electromagnetic current transformer or a low-power coil current transformer. However, current transformer devices similar to the electromagnetic current transformer or the low-power coil current transformer have a limited detection accuracy, and even when the rogowski coil and the auxiliary coil are combined, the accuracy of the obtained detection result is limited, and more seriously, because the detection accuracy of the auxiliary coil is not high, the detection result finally output may increase the detection error due to the low detection accuracy of one of the two. Therefore, how to combine the technical principle advantages of the existing sensor to improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring and measuring of the electronic current transformer is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a data acquisition device suitable for various current sensors, and solves the problem that the detection error of a detection line is larger because detection equipment with low detection precision is adopted in the conventional data acquisition device when a line body is detected.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a data acquisition device suitable for multiple current sensors, which comprises a Rogowski coil sensor, a low-power coil sensor, a zero-flux current sensor and a data processing module, wherein the data processing module comprises a first signal processing part, a second signal processing part, a third signal processing part and a data processing unit, the signal output end of the Rogowski coil sensor is connected with the signal input end of the first signal processing part, the signal output end of the first signal processing part is connected with the first signal input end of the data processing unit in an output mode, the signal output end of the low-power coil sensor is connected with the signal input end of the second signal processing part, the signal output end of the second signal processing part is connected with the second signal input end of the data processing unit in an output mode, and the signal output end of the zero-flux current sensor is connected with the signal input end of the third signal processing part in an input mode And the signal output end of the third signal processing part is connected with the third signal input end of the data processing unit, and the data processing unit processes the received three paths of signals and outputs the processed signals.
The invention combines the technical principle advantages of the Rogowski coil, the low-power coil and the zero-flux sensor, three sensor devices based on the Rogowski coil, the low-power coil and the zero-flux current sensor are arranged on the circuit body to form a data acquisition device, the software and hardware structure design of the current acquisition device is improved through the transmission characteristic research of three sensing elements of the Rogowski coil, the low-power coil and the zero-flux current sensor, the characteristic matching of various sensors is realized, the output signals of the Rogowski coil and the zero-flux current sensor are respectively processed, the accurate and synchronous acquisition of the current by various sensors is realized, the measurement and protection output accuracy of the electronic current transformer is ensured in a wider current measurement range, and the accuracy and reliability of the detection of the circuit body are improved.
Furthermore, in order to perform quantitative analysis on the output signal of the rogowski coil sensor so as to realize accurate processing, and improve the data accuracy, the first signal processing part comprises a first signal conditioning unit, an integral reduction unit and a first A/D conversion unit which are sequentially arranged, the first signal conditioning unit is used for isolating, amplifying and filtering the analog small-voltage differential signal output by the rogowski coil sensor, and the integral reduction unit is used for integrating and reducing the output signal of the first signal conditioning unit into a voltage signal.
Furthermore, in order to perform quantitative analysis on the output signal of the low-power coil sensor so as to realize accurate processing and improve the data accuracy, the second signal processing part comprises a second signal conditioning unit, a first filtering amplification unit and a second A/D conversion unit which are sequentially arranged, the second signal conditioning unit is used for isolating and carrying out differential operation on the analog small-voltage differential signal output by the low-power coil sensor, and the first filtering amplification unit is used for filtering and amplifying the output signal of the second signal conditioning unit.
Furthermore, in order to perform quantitative analysis on the output signal of the zero-flux current sensor so as to realize accurate processing and improve the data accuracy, the third signal processing part comprises a third signal conditioning unit, a second filtering amplification unit and a third A/D conversion unit which are sequentially arranged, the third signal conditioning unit is used for converting the analog small-current signal output by the zero-flux current sensor into a voltage signal and performing isolation and differential operation, and the second filtering amplification unit is used for filtering and amplifying the output signal of the third signal conditioning unit.
Furthermore, in order to make the acquisition device widely used, the data acquisition device further comprises an electro-optical conversion unit, wherein the signal output end of the data processing unit is connected with the electrical signal input end of the electro-optical conversion unit, and the received electrical signal is converted into an optical signal and then output by the optical signal output end of the electro-optical conversion unit.
Furthermore, in order to obtain a composition structure of the data acquisition device which is actually attached, the data processing unit is an FPGA digital signal processing circuit.
Further, in order to improve the stability of the data acquisition device, the data acquisition device further comprises a power supply unit for supplying power to the relevant components.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition device suitable for three types of current sensors according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be fully described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The data acquisition device provided in the embodiment is based on a rogowski coil sensor, a low-power coil sensor and a zero-flux current sensor; and in the corresponding area needing to be detected on the line body, the data acquisition device is utilized to acquire signals, and the acquired signals are processed and then output.
As shown in fig. 1, the data acquisition device includes a rogowski coil sensor, a low-power coil sensor, a zero-flux current sensor and a data processing module;
the data processing module comprises a first signal processing part, a second signal processing part, a third signal processing part and a data processing unit, wherein the data processing unit in the embodiment takes an FPGA digital signal processing circuit as an example, the first signal processing part is a Rogowski coil signal acquisition loop, the second signal processing part is a low-power coil sensor signal acquisition loop, the third signal processing part is a zero-flux current sensor signal acquisition loop, the Rogowski coil signal acquisition loop, the zero-flux current sensor signal acquisition loop and the low-power coil signal acquisition loop are respectively connected with the FPGA digital signal processing circuit and are used for accurately, reliably and synchronously measuring a small-voltage analog signal output by the Rogowski coil, a small-voltage analog signal output by the low-power coil sensor and a small-current analog signal output by the zero-flux current sensor, the technical development requirements of the current sensor with various principles of the intelligent substation are met.
The first signal processing part in the embodiment is composed of a first signal conditioning unit, an integral reduction unit and a first A/D sampling circuit, wherein analog small voltage differential signals output by the Rogowski coil sensing are isolated, amplified and filtered, the analog small voltage differential signals are reduced into voltage signals in a linear relation with primary current through the integral reduction unit, and the voltage signals are converted into digital signals through A/D sampling calculation and output to the FPGA digital signal processing circuit for operation. Since the output of the rogowski coil sensing is a differential signal and needs to be subjected to integral reduction, the accuracy and reliability of the first signal processing part determine the accurate level of the current transformer.
The second signal processing part in the embodiment is composed of a second signal conditioning unit, a first filtering amplification unit and a second A/D sampling circuit, wherein the analog small voltage differential signal output by the low-power coil sensor is isolated, amplified and filtered, a voltage signal in direct proportion to primary current is output through the filtering amplification unit, and the voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through A/D sampling calculation and output to the FPGA digital signal processing circuit for operation. Because the low-power coil sensing output is a voltage signal directly collected at two ends of the sampling resistor, integral operation and phase compensation are not needed, and the output amplitude is in direct proportion to primary current and has the same phase.
The third signal processing part in this embodiment is composed of a third signal conditioning unit, a second filtering amplification unit, and a third a/D sampling circuit, converts the zero-flux current sensor analog small current signal based on the flux balance principle into a voltage signal through a sampling resistor, performs signal conditioning such as isolation and differential operation, outputs a small voltage signal proportional to the primary current through the filtering amplification unit, and converts the small voltage signal into a digital signal through a/D sampling calculation and processing. The zero magnetic flux current sensor outputs a simulated small current signal which is in direct proportion to the primary current, the signal is converted into a voltage signal with the same phase through the sampling resistor on the collector, and integral operation and phase compensation are not needed, so that the output amplitude is in direct proportion to the primary current and the same phase.
The FPGA digital signal processing circuit in the embodiment is used for calculating and processing the digital signals sampled by the A/D sampling circuit, sending the digital signals into the data sorting module for sorting and outputting, converting the data into Manchester codes through the framing coding module and transmitting the Manchester codes to the electro-optical conversion unit; the electro-optical conversion unit adopts an electric/optical conversion device and is used for converting the collected digital signals into optical signals and transmitting the optical signals to the merging unit. As other embodiments, the data processing unit may also employ a DSP or other form of processing circuitry.
The working principle of the data acquisition device in the embodiment is as follows: different current signals are acquired by a Rogowski coil sensor, a low-power coil sensor and a zero-flux current sensor of a signal data acquisition device at the position needing to be detected on the circuit body, acquired data are processed through corresponding signal processing parts, and then are correspondingly adjusted through an FPGA digital signal processing circuit and output to a merging unit through an electro-optical conversion unit. The FPGA digital signal processing circuit can average the two paths of signals and then output the average signal, or one of the two paths of signals is selected to output the average signal, or the two paths of signals are simultaneously output.
In another embodiment, the connection order of the components in the first signal processing section and the second signal processing section is not unique. For example, the signal in the first signal processing part may be processed by the a/D conversion unit, and then processed by the signal conditioning unit and the integral reduction unit, or may be in other connection forms, as long as the overall function of the signal processing part can be realized, and the second signal processing part and the third signal processing part are similar.
In this embodiment, a power supply unit is further configured for the data acquisition device, and is configured to convert an ac 220V power supply voltage into a dc ± 15V, +5V voltage signal, and supply power to relevant components of the data acquisition device, such as an acquisition device circuit board chip, as another implementation manner, in order to implement adaptability to different power supplies, the power supply unit may also be a device that converts a 110V power supply voltage or a power supply in another form.
Assuming that the Rogowski coil has a rectangular cross section, the cross sections of the Rogowski coil are consistent, the number of turns of the Rogowski coil is uniform, and the induced electromotive force output of the Rogowski coil is as follows according to the law of electromagnetic induction:
in the formula: i is the instantaneous current flowing through the primary conductor; mu.s04 π × 10 for vacuum permeability-7H/m; h is the height of the rectangular section of the framework; r2Is the outer diameter of the skeleton, R1Is the inner diameter of the framework; n is the total number of turns of the coil; m is the mutual inductance.
When the size of the frame of the rogowski coil, the diameter of a coil wire and the number of turns of the coil are determined, and the mutual inductance coefficient M of the coil is a constant value, the measured current i (t) is as follows:
the Rogowski coil outputs an analog differential small voltage signal which is transmitted to a collector through a shielded cable to be subjected to signal isolation, amplification and filtering treatment, an outer integration circuit is designed to integrate the output e (t) of the Rogowski coil, a micro-voltage signal which is in linear proportional relation with primary current is restored, and A/D sampling calculation and digital treatment are carried out to obtain the detected primary current i (t).
The range of applications of rogowski coils is mainly focused on: the device is used for measuring the occasions with serious signal distortion such as pulse current, transient current, variable frequency speed regulation, resistance welding and the like, and the aspects of stabilizing alternating current heavy current, current monitoring for relay protection and the like.
The low-power coil is a development of the traditional electromagnetic current transformer, and actually is an electromagnetic current transformer with low-power output characteristics. Because the output of the sensor is directly supplied to an electronic circuit, the secondary load is small, and the application of high-permeability materials such as microcrystalline alloy and the like is added, the saturation characteristic of the iron core is improved, the measurement range is expanded, and the high-precision measurement of the micro current in a complex electromagnetic environment can be realized. However, in the case of a very high sudden change of primary current, the magnetic conductive material may have hysteresis saturation, which increases the power consumption of the secondary load, and is not favorable for the measurement accuracy of the low-power coil.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low-power coil signal acquisition circuit is composed of a signal conditioning circuit, a filtering amplification circuit, and an a/D sampling circuit, and performs signal conditioning such as isolation and differential operation on an analog small voltage signal output by the low-power ferromagnetic coil secondary winding, outputs a small voltage signal proportional to a primary current through the filtering amplification circuit, and converts the small voltage signal into a digital signal through a/D sampling calculation. Because the low-power coil sensing output is a voltage signal directly collected at two ends of the sampling resistor, integral operation and phase compensation are not needed, and the output amplitude is in direct proportion to primary current and has the same phase.
By low-power coil sensing principle, coil secondary winding current ISIn a precision sampling resistor element RshVoltage drop U generated in the upper partOComprises the following steps:
in the formula: uo is the low power coil output voltage; i ismIs the primary winding current; i isnIs the secondary winding current; rmIs a sampling resistor; n is a radical of1The number of turns of the primary winding; n is a radical of2The number of secondary winding turns.
The low-power coil outputs a voltage signal with an amplitude proportional to primary current and the same phase, and the voltage signal is transmitted to the acquisition device for signal isolation, filtering and amplification processing, and A/D sampling calculation and digital processing. In order to improve the secondary current measurement accuracy, the number of turns of a secondary winding can be increased or the resistance value of a sampling resistor can be reduced, and an operational amplifier circuit is used in a low-power coil signal acquisition loop to ensure the measurement accuracy of the micro alternating current. In order to solve the problems that the sampling resistance is small, the voltage value input into the collector is small and the measurement precision is difficult to ensure, an operational amplifier circuit is used in a low-power coil signal acquisition loop, and the amplification factor of the amplifier circuit is improved as much as possible on the basis of ensuring the requirement on the measurement dynamic range.
The zero magnetic flux sensor is a current sensor which is realized based on the magnetic balance principle to achieve the zero magnetic flux process, and an additional compensation winding is adopted to specially provide exciting current to eliminate the influence of the exciting current on the precision of a measuring winding of a mutual inductor. The zero magnetic flux sensor measures a small current signal of mA level output by the coil, is easily interfered by external electromagnetic interference in the signal acquisition process, and needs to convert a primary current into a secondary small voltage signal through a sampling resistor on a data acquisition device and complete digital processing. The device has the advantages of short response time, high working frequency and the like, so that the device can be widely applied to frequency conversion speed regulation devices, inverter devices, UPS power supplies, photovoltaic power generation, communication machine rooms, numerical control machines, microcomputer monitoring systems, power grid monitoring systems and various fields needing isolation and detection of current. Based on the magnetic balance principle, the zero-flux current sensor can be simultaneously used for accurately measuring direct current and is suitable for measuring occasions with high requirements such as various electric power measuring instruments.
From the flux balance principle of zero-flux current sensors, primary winding NPAnd two timesMeasuring winding NSAre hinged with the second iron core and generate the same magnetic flux, the winding current I is measured secondarilySSampling resistance element R at collectorshVoltage drop U generated in the upper partSComprises the following steps:
in the formula: u shapeSThe output voltage of the signal conditioning unit of the zero magnetic flux sensor is obtained; i isPIs the primary winding current; i isSIs the secondary winding current; rshSampling a resistor for a collector; n is a radical ofPThe number of turns of the primary winding; n is a radical ofsThe number of secondary winding turns.
The zero magnetic flux current sensor outputs a small current signal with amplitude proportional to primary current and the same phase, the small current signal is transmitted to the data acquisition device and converted into an analog small voltage signal, signal isolation, filtering and amplification processing are carried out, and A/D sampling calculation and digital processing are carried out. In order to improve the secondary current measurement accuracy, the number of turns of the secondary winding can be increased or the resistance value of the sampling resistor can be reduced. In order to solve the problems that the resistance value of a sampling resistor is small, the voltage value input into a collector is small and the measurement precision is difficult to ensure, an operational amplifier circuit is used in a signal acquisition loop of a zero-flux current sensor, and the amplification factor of the amplifier circuit is improved as much as possible on the basis of ensuring that the measurement dynamic range is met.
In the embodiment, when the circuit is detected, output signals of the Rogowski coil, the low-power coil and the zero-flux current sensor are respectively conditioned, operated and digitally processed, so that the current can be accurately and synchronously acquired by various sensors, and the output accuracy of measurement and protection of the electronic current transformer can be ensured in a wider current measurement range. The analysis of the influence factors of the measurement accuracy of the product comprises the following contents:
1) establishing a mathematical model of the Rogowski coil sensing principle, and determining the transmission and transformation characteristics of the Rogowski coil according to parameters such as the size of a framework of the Rogowski coil, the diameter of a lead wire wound by the coil, the average radius of the coil, the number of turns of the coil and the like;
2) establishing a mathematical model of a low-power coil sensing principle, and determining the transmission and transformation characteristics of the low-power coil according to parameters such as the number of turns of the low-power coil, current, sampling resistance and the like;
3) establishing a mathematical model of a zero-flux current sensor principle, and determining the transmission and transformation characteristics of the zero-flux sensor according to parameters such as the number of turns of a coil of the zero-flux sensor, current, sampling resistance and the like;
4) and by combining the difference of transmission signals of the Rogowski coil, the low-power coil and the zero-flux sensor, the hardware conditioning circuit, device type selection and program structure design of the current collector are improved, and the accuracy and reliability of measurement of different sensors of the electronic current transformer are ensured.
Claims (7)
1. A data acquisition device suitable for a plurality of current sensors is characterized by comprising a Rogowski coil sensor, a low-power coil sensor, a zero-flux current sensor and a data processing module, wherein the data processing module comprises a first signal processing part, a second signal processing part, a third signal processing part and a data processing unit, the signal output end of the Rogowski coil sensor is connected with the signal input end of the first signal processing part, the signal output end of the first signal processing part is connected with the first signal input end of the data processing unit in an output mode, the signal output end of the low-power coil sensor is connected with the signal input end of the second signal processing part, the signal output end of the second signal processing part is connected with the second signal input end of the data processing unit in an output mode, the signal output end of the zero-flux current sensor is connected with the signal input end of the third signal processing part, the signal output end of the third signal processing part is connected with the third signal input end of the data processing unit in an output mode, and the data processing unit processes the received three-path signals and outputs the processed signals.
2. The data acquisition device applicable to various current sensors as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first signal processing part comprises a first signal conditioning unit, an integral reduction unit and a first a/D conversion unit which are sequentially arranged, the first signal conditioning unit is used for isolating, amplifying and filtering the analog small-voltage differential signal output by the rogowski coil sensor, and the integral reduction unit is used for integrating and reducing the output signal of the first signal conditioning unit into a voltage signal.
3. The data acquisition device applicable to multiple current sensors according to claim 1, wherein the second signal processing part comprises a second signal conditioning unit, a first filtering and amplifying unit and a second A/D conversion unit which are sequentially arranged, the second signal conditioning unit is used for isolating and differentiating the analog small-voltage differential signal output by the low-power coil sensor, and the first filtering and amplifying unit is used for filtering and amplifying the output signal of the second signal conditioning unit.
4. The data acquisition device applicable to various current sensors according to claim 1, wherein the third signal processing part comprises a third signal conditioning unit, a second filtering amplification unit and a third a/D conversion unit which are sequentially arranged, the third signal conditioning unit is used for converting the analog small current signal output by the zero-flux current sensor into a voltage signal and performing isolation and differential operation, and the second filtering amplification unit is used for filtering and amplifying the output signal of the third signal conditioning unit.
5. The data acquisition device applicable to various current sensors as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an electro-optical conversion unit, wherein the signal output terminal of the data processing unit is connected to the electrical signal input terminal of the electro-optical conversion unit, and the received electrical signal is converted into an optical signal and then output by the optical signal output terminal of the electro-optical conversion unit.
6. The data acquisition device applicable to various current sensors according to claim 1, wherein the data processing unit is an FPGA digital signal processing circuit.
7. The data acquisition device applicable to various current sensors according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a power supply unit for supplying power to the relevant components.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114019439A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-08 | 国网河北省电力有限公司雄安新区供电公司 | Metering module for verification system suitable for various-range direct current standard meters |
| CN115469139A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-12-13 | 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所（（工业和信息化部电子第五研究所）（中国赛宝实验室）） | Current measuring device and method |
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Application publication date: 20200526 |