CN111198219B - Wearable biosensor for sweat detection - Google Patents
Wearable biosensor for sweat detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN111198219B CN111198219B CN202010103221.7A CN202010103221A CN111198219B CN 111198219 B CN111198219 B CN 111198219B CN 202010103221 A CN202010103221 A CN 202010103221A CN 111198219 B CN111198219 B CN 111198219B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/333—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes
Abstract
The invention discloses a wearable biosensor for sweat detection, which comprises a lactic acid sensing electrode, a sodium sensing electrode, a reference electrode and a control electrode, wherein the lactic acid sensing electrode is formed by coating a lactate sensing membrane on a base carbon electrode, and the sodium sensing electrode is formed by coating a sodium ion selection membrane on the base carbon electrode; the wire-based carbon electrode is obtained by treating cotton wires. The biosensor can be integrated on the fabric, is convenient for detecting lactate and sodium salt in sweat, can be in contact with skin, and is small in size, convenient to wear, safe and healthy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biosensors, in particular to a wearable biosensor for sweat detection.
Background
Non-invasive wearable sensors provide a very effective way to continuously measure physical, chemical and biological information of the human body, which is of great importance for monitoring the physiological condition of the human body, marking and predicting the risk of diseases. Wearable sensors are available on the market that can track a person's physical activity, such as heart rate, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and skin temperature, but cannot understand the user's health status through biochemical signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wearable biosensor for sweat detection, which can be integrated on a fabric, is convenient for detecting lactate and sodium salt in sweat, can be in contact with skin, has small volume, is convenient to wear, and is safe and healthy.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a preparation method of a wire-based carbon electrode, which comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreating cotton threads by using PDMS, and heating and curing to obtain hydrophobic cotton threads;
rolling and printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton thread by a rolling printing method to obtain the cotton thread coated with the carbon coating, wherein a section of bare cotton thread end which is not subjected to carbon ink rolling printing treatment is reserved;
growing a zinc oxide nanowire on the cotton wire coated with the carbon coating to obtain the cotton wire with the zinc oxide nanowire coating;
and step four, rolling and printing silver ink at the end of the bare cotton thread to realize electrical connection with the carbon ink.
Preferably, the first step specifically includes: the cotton string was dip coated into the uncured PDMS solution, removed and baked at 90 ℃ for 6 hours.
Preferably, in the second step, "roll printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton thread by a roll printing method to obtain the cotton thread coated with the carbon coating layer" specifically includes:
rolling and printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton threads by a rolling and printing method and airing the hydrophobic cotton threads by using a hot plate;
rolling and printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton thread again and airing to obtain a uniform carbon coating on the hydrophobic cotton thread;
the cotton thread roll-printed with the carbon ink was washed with deionized water and dried at room temperature.
Preferably, the third step specifically includes:
preparing a zinc oxide colloid seeding solution;
dipping the cotton thread coated with the carbon coating in a nano zinc oxide colloid seeding solution, taking out and drying the cotton thread, and repeatedly dipping and coating to obtain the cotton thread with the zinc oxide coating;
preparing nano zinc oxide growth liquid;
putting the cotton thread with the zinc oxide coating into nano zinc oxide growth liquid to grow nano zinc oxide, and obtaining the cotton thread with the nano zinc oxide coating;
and taking out the cotton thread with the nano zinc oxide coating, washing with deionized water and drying.
The invention discloses a wire-based carbon electrode which is prepared based on the preparation method of the wire-based carbon electrode.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a lactic acid sensing electrode, which is based on the line-based carbon electrode, wherein a lactate sensing film is coated on the line-based carbon electrode.
Preferably, the step of coating the lactate sensing film on the wire-based carbon electrode comprises the following steps:
mixing a perfluorinated sulfonic acid solution and a tetrathia pentane-rich solution to obtain a fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathia pentane-rich solution;
dipping the wire-based carbon electrode in a fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathia-pentane-rich solution to coat a fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathia-pentane-rich reaction membrane on the wire-based carbon electrode;
sequentially coating lactic acid oxidase and chitosan on the fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathia penta-rich reaction membrane;
the chitosan coated wire-based carbon electrode was cross-linked with glutaraldehyde vapor in a sealed chamber.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a sodium induction electrode, which is based on the wire-based carbon electrode and is characterized in that a sodium ion selective membrane is coated on the wire-based carbon electrode.
The invention discloses a wearable biosensor for sweat detection, which is based on the thread-based carbon electrode and comprises a lactic acid sensing electrode, a sodium sensing electrode, a reference electrode and a control electrode, wherein the lactic acid sensing electrode is formed by coating a lactate sensing film on the thread-based carbon electrode, and the sodium sensing electrode is formed by coating a sodium ion selection film on the thread-based carbon electrode.
Preferably, the device also comprises a plurality of cotton threads, a polyester film and two pieces of double-sided adhesive tapes, wherein the lactic acid sensing electrode, the sodium sensing electrode, the reference electrode and the control electrode are fixed on the polyester film through the cotton threads;
the control electrode and the lactic acid induction electrode liquid are wound together through cotton threads;
the lactic acid sensing electrode and the sodium sensing electrode are both wound with cotton threads for absorbing sweat;
the lactic acid sensing electrode, the sodium sensing electrode, the reference electrode and the control electrode are positioned between two pieces of double-sided adhesive tapes, wherein one piece of double-sided adhesive tape is provided with a window for exposing the electrodes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention discloses a preparation method of a linear carbon electrode, which can be used as a substrate of a sodium induction electrode and a lactic acid induction electrode, has excellent conductivity, and can be used for conveniently collecting sweat due to the fact that the linear carbon electrode is prepared from cotton threads, so that the cotton threads can be connected with or integrally woven in fabrics, skin contact is friendly, sensing is convenient, and the application prospect is huge.
2. The invention discloses a sodium induction electrode which can detect sodium salt in sweat and realize index detection so as to reflect the health condition of a human body.
3. The invention discloses a lactic acid sensing electrode which can detect lactate in sweat and realize index detection so as to reflect the health condition of a human body.
4. The invention discloses a wearable biosensor for sweat detection, which can be integrated on a fabric, can know the health condition of a person through biochemical signals, is convenient to detect lactate and sodium salt in sweat, can be in contact with skin, has a small volume, is convenient to wear, and is safe and healthy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wire-based carbon electrode according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a wearable biosensor for sweat detection according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a preparation method of a wire-based carbon electrode, which comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreating cotton threads by using PDMS, and heating and curing to obtain hydrophobic cotton threads.
In this step, a cotton thread of about 10cm in length was first dipped with uncured polydimethylsiloxane in a matrix to curing agent mixing ratio of 10:1, and baked at 90 ℃ for 6 hours to coreless the cotton thread and prevent the liquid from being transferred along the cotton thread. The dimethylsiloxane is PDMS. Therefore, on one hand, the surface of the cotton thread can be flattened, the interference of cotton wool on the surface of the cotton thread is eliminated, and the subsequent roll printing of carbon ink and the coating of various film layers are facilitated; on the other hand, due to the good hydrophobicity of the PDMS, sweat is prevented from being transmitted along the cotton thread, and the stability and the precision of the electrode are enhanced.
And secondly, rolling and printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton thread by a rolling printing method to obtain the cotton thread coated with the carbon coating, wherein a section of bare cotton thread end which is not subjected to the carbon ink rolling printing treatment is reserved.
In this step, "roll-printing carbon ink on a hydrophobic cotton thread by a roll-printing method to obtain a cotton thread coated with a carbon coating layer" specifically includes:
rolling and printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton thread by a rolling printing method, and airing by using a hot plate, wherein the temperature of the hot plate can be 75 ℃;
rolling and printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton thread again and airing to obtain a uniform carbon coating on the hydrophobic cotton thread;
the carbon ink-roll printed cotton thread was washed with deionized water, which was washed 2 times in deionized water and dried at room temperature.
Growing a zinc oxide nanowire on the cotton wire coated with the carbon coating to obtain the cotton wire with the zinc oxide nanowire coating, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
s31, preparing the zinc oxide colloid seeding solution. The preparation method of the zinc oxide colloid seeding solution comprises the following steps: 17.6 mg of zinc acetate dihydrate and 5mg of sodium hydroxide were dissolved in 20 ml of pure ethanol and incubated on a hot plate at 70 ℃ for 20 minutes without stirring. The zinc acetate dihydrate was then diluted with 20 ml of pure ethanol and subsequently heated at 70 ℃ for 30 minutes, with stirring. The zinc acetate dihydrate and sodium hydroxide solution was then cooled to room temperature and the zinc acetate dihydrate solution was slowly added to the sodium hydroxide solution with constant stirring. The mixed solution was baked in an oven at 60 ℃ for 2 hours to crystallize to produce zinc oxide nanoparticles and form a colloidal seeding solution.
And S32, dip-coating the cotton thread coated with the carbon coating in the nano zinc oxide colloid seeding solution, taking out and drying the cotton thread, and repeatedly dip-coating to obtain the cotton thread with the zinc oxide coating. The specific experimental parameters may be: the cotton thread coated with the carbon coating was immersed in the colloidal seeding solution for 3 minutes, taken out and dried at 86 ℃ for 3 minutes, and the immersion/drying process was repeated 3 times to obtain uniform zinc oxide nanoparticles.
S33, preparing the nano zinc oxide growth liquid. The preparation method of the nano zinc oxide growth liquid comprises the following steps: 2.98 g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 0.7 g of hexamethylenetetramine were dissolved in a 500 ml flask containing 190 ml of deionized water, respectively. After the two solutions were completely dissolved, the two were mixed. 10 ml of ammonium hydroxide was added to the mixture to obtain the final growth solution.
And S34, putting the cotton thread with the zinc oxide coating into the nano zinc oxide growth liquid to grow the nano zinc oxide, and obtaining the cotton thread with the nano zinc oxide coating. The specific operation can be as follows: preheating the nano zinc oxide growth liquid in S33 in an oven at 86 ℃ for 15 minutes, and then putting cotton threads with zinc oxide coatings into the nano zinc oxide growth liquid for 8 hours, wherein the temperature is kept at 86 ℃.
And S35, taking out the cotton thread with the nano zinc oxide coating, washing with deionized water and drying.
And step four, roll printing silver ink at the end of the bare cotton thread to realize electrical connection with the carbon ink.
Example two
The invention discloses a preparation method of a lactic acid sensing electrode, which is based on a wire-based carbon electrode prepared according to the first embodiment and is obtained by coating a lactate sensing film on the wire-based carbon electrode.
Coating a lactate sensing film on a linear carbon electrode, comprising the following steps:
step one, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid solution and a tetrathia pentane-rich solution to obtain a fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathia pentane-rich solution. Specifically, a pair of perfluorosulfonic acid-tetrathiapentene-rich reaction membranes can be formed by using 3. mu.L of 0.5v/v perfluorosulfonic acid and 5. mu.L of 0.1M ethanol/acetone 9:1v/v tetrathiapentene-rich solution.
And step two, dip-coating the line-based carbon electrode in the fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathiane-enriched solution to coat the fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathiane-enriched reaction film on the line-based carbon electrode, and repeating the reaction film generation process to ensure that the reaction film coated on the electrode is uniform.
Step three, sequentially coating the fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathia-penta-rich reaction membrane with lactate oxidase and chitosan, wherein the step three specifically comprises the following steps:
coating 3 mu.L of 200 unit/mL L-lactate oxidase on an electrode, and drying at room temperature;
then, the electrode was re-coated in 3. mu.L of a 1 wt% chitosan solution.
Step four, cross-linking the chitosan coated wire-based carbon electrode with 15% v/glutaraldehyde vapor in a sealed chamber and holding at 4 ℃ overnight.
EXAMPLE III
The invention discloses a preparation method of a sodium induction electrode, which is based on a wire-based carbon electrode prepared according to the first embodiment and is obtained by coating a sodium ion selective membrane on the wire-based carbon electrode.
In order to coat the sodium ion selective membrane on the wire-based carbon electrode, the zinc oxide nanowire-coated electrode was coated twice with 5 μ L of sodium ion selective membrane solution. The solution was formed by dissolving 1mg of the sodium ionophore X, 0.55mg of sodium tetrafluoromethylbenzyl borate, 33mg of polyvinyl chloride, 65.45mg of sebacate in 660ml of nitrogen purged tetrahydrofuran and mixing thoroughly, and then drying the electrode at room temperature.
Example four
Referring to fig. 2, the invention discloses a wearable biosensor for sweat detection, which is prepared based on the first embodiment and comprises a lactate sensing electrode, a sodium sensing electrode, a reference electrode and a control electrode, wherein the lactate sensing electrode is formed by coating a lactate sensing membrane on the basal carbon electrode, and the sodium sensing electrode is formed by coating a sodium ion selection membrane on the basal carbon electrode.
To prepare the reference electrode, a 4cm wire was completely immersed in polydimethylsiloxane and cured at 90 ℃ for 6 hours. The silver/silver chloride ink was then roll printed onto the wire and dried at 75 ℃ for 5 hours. A polyvinyl butyral film solution was made by dissolving 78.1 mg of polyvinyl butyral and 50 mg of sodium chloride in 1 ml of methanol. The silver/silver chloride electrode was dipped twice into the polyvinyl butyral membrane solution and then dried to make the final reference electrode.
A control electrode for displaying the sweat absorption state of the sensor is designed based on the resistance between the sensing electrode and the control electrode. To make the control electrode, a 4cm long wire was coated with polydimethylsiloxane to prevent interference potential variation due to liquid leakage, and silver ink was roll-printed on the wire, and then dried at 75 ℃ for 5 hours, to finally form the control electrode.
The biosensor also comprises a plurality of cotton threads, a polyester film and two pieces of double-sided adhesive tapes, wherein the lactic acid sensing electrode, the sodium sensing electrode, the reference electrode and the control electrode are fixed on the polyester film through the cotton threads; the control electrode and the lactic acid induction electrode liquid are wound together through cotton threads; the lactate sensing electrode and the sodium sensing electrode are wound with sweat absorbing cotton threads, so that sweat can be absorbed and the reaction library for detecting lactate and sodium ions is formed. Lactic acid sensing electrode, sodium sensing electrode, reference electrode and control electrode are located between two double-sided adhesive tape, and the smooth paper of a slice double-sided adhesive tape is as the safety cover outwards on the back, sets up the window that exposes the electrode on another double-sided adhesive tape to be used for contacting it with the skin, the sweat of being convenient for detects.
In the invention, the lactic acid sensing electrode and the sodium sensing electrode respectively form two electrochemical cells together with the reference electrode. The lactic acid sensing electrode and the sodium sensing electrode are wrapped by the zinc oxide nanowire pattern layers so as to improve the surface area-volume ratio and the electron transfer efficiency of the electrodes. During the detection of the lactic acid, a potential difference is formed between the lactic acid sensing electrode and the reference electrode; during the detection of sodium ions, a potential difference is formed between the sodium sensing electrode and the reference electrode. During detection, the values of the potential difference after rapid stabilization can respectively correspond to the concentrations of lactic acid and sodium ions in sweat.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A wearable biosensor for sweat detection is characterized by comprising a line-based carbon electrode, a lactic acid sensing electrode, a sodium sensing electrode, a reference electrode and a control electrode, wherein the lactic acid sensing electrode is formed by coating a lactate sensing membrane on the line-based carbon electrode, and the sodium sensing electrode is formed by coating a sodium ion selection membrane on the line-based carbon electrode;
the lactic acid sensing electrode, the sodium sensing electrode, the reference electrode and the control electrode are fixed on the polyester film through cotton threads;
the control electrode and the lactic acid sensing electrode are wound together through cotton threads;
the lactic acid sensing electrode and the sodium sensing electrode are both wound with cotton threads for absorbing sweat;
the lactic acid sensing electrode, the sodium sensing electrode, the reference electrode and the control electrode are positioned between two pieces of double-sided adhesive tapes, wherein one piece of double-sided adhesive tape is provided with a window for exposing the electrode;
the preparation method of the wire-based carbon electrode comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreating cotton threads by using PDMS, and heating and curing to obtain hydrophobic cotton threads;
rolling and printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton thread by a rolling printing method to obtain a cotton thread coated with a carbon coating, wherein a section of bare cotton thread end which is not subjected to carbon ink rolling printing treatment is reserved;
growing a zinc oxide nanowire on the cotton wire coated with the carbon coating to obtain the cotton wire with the zinc oxide nanowire coating;
and step four, roll printing silver ink at the end of the bare cotton thread to realize electrical connection with the carbon ink.
2. The wearable biosensor of claim 1, wherein step one comprises: the cotton string was dip coated into the uncured PDMS solution, removed and baked at 90 ℃ for 6 hours.
3. The wearable biosensor for sweat detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein "roll printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton thread by roll printing method to obtain cotton thread coated with carbon coating" in step two specifically comprises:
roll printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton threads by a roll printing method and airing the hydrophobic cotton threads by using a hot plate;
rolling and printing carbon ink on the hydrophobic cotton thread again and airing to obtain a uniform carbon coating on the hydrophobic cotton thread;
the cotton thread roll-printed with the carbon ink was washed with deionized water and dried at room temperature.
4. The wearable biosensor for sweat detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein step three specifically comprises:
preparing a zinc oxide colloid seeding solution;
dipping the cotton thread coated with the carbon coating in a nano zinc oxide colloid seeding solution, taking out and drying the cotton thread, and repeatedly dipping and coating to obtain the cotton thread with the zinc oxide coating;
preparing nano zinc oxide growth liquid;
putting the cotton thread with the zinc oxide coating into nano zinc oxide growth liquid to grow nano zinc oxide, and obtaining the cotton thread with the nano zinc oxide coating;
and taking out the cotton thread with the nano zinc oxide coating, washing with deionized water and drying.
5. The wearable biosensor for sweat detection of claim 1, wherein the lactate sensing electrode is fabricated by: and coating a lactate sensing film on the line-based carbon electrode.
6. The wearable biosensor for sweat detection of claim 5, wherein said "coating a lactate sensing film on said wire-based carbon electrode" comprises the steps of:
mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid solution and a tetrathia pentane-rich solution to obtain a fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathia pentane-rich solution;
dipping the wire-based carbon electrode in the fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathia-penta-rich solution to coat a fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathia-penta-rich reaction membrane on the wire-based carbon electrode;
sequentially coating lactic acid oxidase and chitosan on the fluorosulfonic acid-tetrathia penta-rich reaction membrane;
the chitosan coated wire-based carbon electrode was cross-linked with glutaraldehyde vapor in a sealed chamber.
7. The wearable biosensor for sweat detection of claim 5, wherein the sodium sensing electrode is fabricated by: and coating a sodium ion selective membrane on the line-based carbon electrode.
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| CN112964764A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-15 | 深圳市刷新智能电子有限公司 | Electrode for detecting sweat marker and sweat sensor |
| CN113804732A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-17 | 湘潭大学 | Wearable humidity sensing device for detecting human body sweating rate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114376578A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-22 | 河北工业大学 | Super-hydrophobic paper-based graphite electrocardioelectrode slice and preparation method and use method thereof |
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