CN111196150B

CN111196150B - Automatic gearbox and automobile power system

Info

Publication number: CN111196150B
Application number: CN201811377380.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜超; 李益南; 何小明
Original assignee: SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
Current assignee: SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-19
Filing date: 2018-11-19
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-19
Also published as: CN111196150A

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic gearbox and an automobile power system with the same, wherein a torque supplementing motor for supplementing torque during gear shifting is arranged, and the torque supplementing motor serves as a starting motor during starting, so that the starting motor in the prior art can be omitted, the cost is saved, and the starting emission is improved. To achieve the above object, an automatic transmission of the present invention includes an input shaft and an output shaft connected by a shift mechanism, the input shaft being engaged with an engine through a main clutch, a torque supplementing motor, a first connecting mechanism, and a second connecting mechanism, the torque supplementing motor being connected with the input shaft or the output shaft through the first connecting mechanism during shifting; when the engine is started, the torque supplementing motor is connected with the input shaft through the second connecting mechanism, and the engine is started.

Description

Automatic gearbox and automobile power system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gearboxes, in particular to an automatic gearbox and an automobile power system.

Background

At present, each power system is specially provided with a starting motor, which is also called a motor, and converts electric energy of a storage battery into mechanical energy to drive an engine flywheel to rotate so as to realize the starting of the engine. The engine is connected with the input shaft through the clutch and is connected with the output shaft through the input shaft and the gear shifting mechanism so as to select a proper gear to convert power according to a certain proportion and output the power.

The power of the starting motor is usually from a few kilowatts to a kilowatt, the engine can be driven to rotate to a thousand to eight hundred revolutions per minute, and in the whole starting process, the engine is in a low-speed running state, so that the emission is poor and the pollution is serious.

Moreover, in the gear shifting process of the gearbox, when the clutch is disconnected, the torque of the engine cannot be transmitted to the input shaft, so that in the gear shifting process from clutch loosening to clutch re-engagement, the torque of the output shaft is interrupted, so that the impact in the process is large, the gear shifting smoothness is poor, and the driving comfort is reduced.

Therefore, how to provide an automatic transmission and an automotive power system having the same, which can supplement the torque during shifting while integrating the function of a starter motor, is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic gearbox and an automobile power system with the automatic gearbox, wherein a torque supplementing motor for supplementing torque during gear shifting is arranged, and the torque supplementing motor serves as a starting motor during starting, so that the starting motor in the prior art can be omitted, the cost is saved, and the starting emission is improved.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic transmission including an input shaft and an output shaft connected by a shift mechanism, the input shaft being engaged with an engine through a main clutch, a torque-supplementing motor, a first connecting mechanism, and a second connecting mechanism, the torque-supplementing motor being connected with the input shaft or the output shaft through the first connecting mechanism during shifting; when the engine is started, the torque supplementing motor is connected with the input shaft through the second connecting mechanism, and the engine is started.

The automatic gearbox is provided with the torque supplementing motor, and the torque supplementing motor is connected with the input shaft or the output shaft during the gear shifting period, namely the torque interruption period from the disengagement of the main clutch to the recombination of the main clutch, so that the torque during the gear shifting period is provided for the output shaft, the influence on power output due to the torque interruption caused by the gear shifting is avoided, the smoothness during the gear shifting process is improved, the gear shifting impact is reduced, and the driving comfort of an automobile is improved; more importantly, the torque supplementing motor can also be used as a starting motor, the starting of the engine is realized during the starting, at the moment, the starting motor is not needed to be arranged, the cost caused by the configuration of the starting motor is reduced, and the structure of the engine used for connecting one end of the starting motor is simplified; particularly, as the torque supplement motor has higher power, when the torque supplement motor is used as a starting motor, the engine can be started to a higher rotating speed, so that the running state of the engine is closer to an economic area with a specific curve, the oil consumption is saved, the starting emission is improved, and the environmental pollution is reduced.

Optionally, the torque supplementing motor is connected with a torque supplementing gear, the second connecting mechanism comprises an engaging gear and an electromagnetic jaw clutch, the engaging gear is sleeved on the input shaft, and the electromagnetic jaw clutch is arranged on the input shaft at a position corresponding to the torque supplementing gear; when the clutch is started, the engaging gear moves along the input shaft to be connected with the electromagnetic jaw clutch, and then is meshed with the torque supplementing gear.

Optionally, the shift mechanism comprises several shift gears arranged axially spaced apart on the input shaft, the last stage of the shift gears constituting the engaging gear; at start up, the shift motor drives the engagement gear to move along the input shaft to a position corresponding to the torque supplementing gear.

Optionally, the clutch control system further comprises a shift controller, and when the clutch control system is started, the shift controller controls the main clutch to be disconnected and then controls the junction gear to be meshed with the torque supplement gear.

Optionally, the engagement gear is a spur gear.

Optionally, during gear shifting, the torque-supplementing motor is connected with the input shaft through the first connecting mechanism, and the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism are the same mechanism.

Optionally, the first connection mechanism is a synchronizer fitted to the output shaft, and the synchronizer is engaged with the torque compensation gear when shifting gears.

The invention also provides an automobile power system which comprises an engine and the automatic gearbox connected with the engine, wherein the automatic gearbox is the automatic gearbox.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a torque-supplementing motor in an automatic transmission according to the present disclosure in an unconnected state;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the torque-supplementing motor in the automatic transmission according to the present embodiment in a connected state.

In fig. 1-2:

the gear train comprises a first-stage gear train 1, a second-stage gear train 2, a third-stage gear train 3, a fourth-stage gear train 4, a fifth-stage gear train 5, a junction gear 6, an electromagnetic jaw clutch 7, a torque supplementing gear 8, a torque supplementing motor 9, an engine 10, a first connecting mechanism 11, an input shaft 12, an output shaft 13 and a main clutch K.

Detailed Description

The following description of the present invention will be provided in order to enable those skilled in the art to more accurately understand the technical solutions of the present invention.

As described in the background, in the prior art, the power systems of automobiles are provided with a starter motor for starting the engine 10. The engine 10 is provided with an output end connected with the main clutch K and an input end connected with the starting motor, and the input end of the engine 10 is connected with a flywheel; the starter motor actually comprises a large main motor and a small auxiliary motor, and when starting, the auxiliary motor first drives a spur gear to push out and then engages with the flywheel of the engine 10, and then the main motor outputs a driving force to drive the flywheel to rotate through the spur gear, so as to start the engine 10.

The starting motor actually comprises two motors, namely a large motor and a small motor, and has a complex structure and higher cost; moreover, the starter motor is only used for starting the engine 10, the power of the starter motor is usually a few tenths of kilowatt, the maximum power of the starter motor does not exceed one kilowatt, the driving force for the engine 10 is small, and the engine 10 can be driven to eight nine hundred revolutions per minute to one thousand revolutions per minute, so that the emission of the engine 10 in the starting process is very poor.

In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides an automotive power system, which includes an engine 10 and an automatic transmission connected to the engine 10, wherein the automatic transmission is provided with a torque supplementing motor 9, and the torque supplementing motor 9 can be used as a starting motor for the engine 10 when starting, so that the starting motor in the prior art can be omitted, or the automotive power system does not need to be specially configured with a starting motor for the engine 10.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the automatic transmission of the present embodiment includes an input shaft 12 and an output shaft 13 connected by a shift mechanism, the input shaft 12 is connected with an engine 10 by a main clutch K, the automatic transmission further includes a torque supplementing motor 9, a first connecting mechanism 11 and a second connecting mechanism, during a shift (i.e., during a torque interruption period from the disconnection of the main clutch K to the reconnection), the torque supplementing motor 9 is connected with the input shaft 12 or the output shaft 13 by the first connecting mechanism 11 so as to supplement torque to the output shaft 13, and avoid the occurrence of torque interruption to affect the smoothness and driving feeling of the shift; when the engine is started, the torque supplementing motor 9 is connected with the input shaft 12 through the second connecting mechanism, so that the engine 10 is started and used as a 'starting motor' to save a specially-arranged starting motor in the prior art.

It should be noted that, when starting, the torque supplementing motor 9 can be used as a starting motor, which means that the torque supplementing motor 9 can start the engine 10 and is functionally equivalent to the starting motor, but actually, the automatic transmission of the present embodiment does not have a starting motor, but integrates the function of the starting motor into the torque supplementing motor 9. At this time, the engine 10 may not be provided with the starter motor at the other end (i.e., the input end of the engine 10) opposite to the main clutch K, the input end of the engine 10 is simplified, and the installation space of the starter motor may not be reserved at the end, which simplifies the structure and saves the installation space.

The input shaft 12 and the output shaft 13 may be connected by a shift mechanism, which may be a plurality of gear sets, several referring to an indeterminate number, typically greater than three. Each stage of gear set is used for realizing the transmission of torque and rotating speed between the input shaft 12 and the output shaft 13, and meanwhile, the gear ratio of each stage of gear set is different and represents different gears respectively. The automatic transmission shown in fig. 1 and 2 is a five-speed transmission including a first-stage gear set 1, a second-stage gear set 2, a third-stage gear set 3, a fourth-stage gear set 4, and a fifth-stage gear set 5; the first-stage gear set 1 has the maximum transmission ratio and torque and the minimum rotating speed and corresponds to a first gear of the gearbox, and the fifth-stage gear set 5 has the minimum transmission ratio and torque and the maximum rotating speed and corresponds to a fifth gear of the gearbox.

When the vehicle needs larger torque in low-speed running, the transmission can be put into a low gear (for example, a first gear), and when the vehicle needs small torque in high-speed running, the transmission can be put into a high gear (for example, a fifth gear). Therefore, during the driving process of the automobile, gear shifting needs to be continuously carried out according to the driving requirement. The gear shifting process of the gearbox is realized through a gear shifting executing mechanism and each gear shifting synchronizer. For an electric control mechanical automatic gearbox, a gear shifting executing mechanism controls an executing component to act through a gear shifting motor to realize gear shifting, wherein the executing component generally comprises a gear reducing mechanism and a screw transmission mechanism.

The operating principle of the gear shifting actuating mechanism is as follows: the gear shifting motor drives the actuating mechanism, the speed is reduced through the gear reducing mechanism, then the rotary motion is converted into linear motion through the spiral transmission mechanism, namely the linear motion of the nut is output by the gear shifting actuating mechanism, and meanwhile, the nut is connected with the corresponding gear shifting synchronizer, so that the joint sleeve of the gear shifting synchronizer is driven to move towards the target gear set and be jointed, and gear shifting is achieved. As shown in fig. 1, for example, when the first-stage gear set 1 and the second-stage gear set 2 are shifted from the first-stage gear set to the second-stage gear set, the synchronizer is engaged with the first-stage gear set 1 on the right side thereof by the engaging sleeve thereof, and is in the first-stage gear position, and is engaged with the second-stage gear set 2 on the left side thereof, and is in the second-stage gear position.

However, as described in the background, when a gear shift is performed, the main clutch K needs to be disengaged first, the gear shift actuator can perform the corresponding gear shift, and the main clutch K is only engaged again after the gear shift is completed, and the torque of the output shaft 13 is interrupted in the process.

Aiming at the technical problem, the automatic gearbox of the scheme is provided with the torque supplementing motor 9, during the gear shifting period, namely the period from the disconnection of the main clutch K to the interruption of the recombined torque, the torque supplementing motor 9 is connected with the input shaft 12 or the output shaft 13 through the first connecting mechanism 11 to provide the output shaft 13 with the supplementing torque, so that the smoothness of the gear shifting process is improved, the gear shifting impact is reduced, the driving feeling of the gear shifting operation is improved, and the impact feeling of the pause and the pause of a driver in the gear shifting process is avoided.

Particularly, to realize torque supplement to the output shaft 13, the rotation speed of the torque supplement motor 9 is close to or greater than the rotation speed of the output shaft 13 during gear shifting, so that the power of the torque supplement motor 9 is usually above ten kilowatts, and when the torque supplement motor is used as a starting motor, the torque supplement motor can drive the engine 10 to more than two thousand revolutions at the starting moment, so that the engine 10 works in an economic area with a universal characteristic curve, starting emission is improved, environmental pollution is reduced, and the torque supplement motor has the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction. As described in the background of the invention, the starter motor of the prior art can only bring about 10 to eighty-nine hundred revolutions of the engine by only a few tenths of kilowatts to a thousand watts, and the starting emission is very poor, and the starting emission can be greatly reduced by using the torque-supplementing motor 9.

The first connecting mechanism 11 and the second connecting mechanism may be of the same or similar structure, as long as power transmission is achieved, and may be in the form of a synchronizer, a gear, or the like. The first and second components and structures described herein are merely for distinguishing between two or more components or structures having the same or similar structures, and do not represent any particular order of limitation.

Example 1

In the first embodiment, the torque-supplementing motor 9 is connected to the output shaft 13 via the first connecting means 11 during shifting, to directly provide the output shaft 13 with a supplementing torque during shifting. The torque compensation motor 9 may be connected to a torque compensation gear 8, and the first connecting mechanism 11 may be a synchronizer fitted to the output shaft 13, and the synchronizer is engaged with the torque compensation gear 8 at the time of gear shifting.

Since the torque compensating motor 9 is provided to improve the smoothness of gear shifting, and its primary purpose is to reduce the impact during gear shifting and improve the driving comfort, and the impact felt by the passenger directly comes from the wheel, when the torque of the output shaft 13 directly connected to the wheel is compensated, the power transmission path is shorter, the efficiency is higher, and the energy consumption is lower than that when the torque of the input shaft 12 is compensated.

The second connecting mechanism can comprise a joint gear 6 and an electromagnetic jaw clutch 7, wherein the joint gear 6 is sleeved on an input shaft 12, and the input shaft 12 is provided with the electromagnetic jaw clutch 7 at a position corresponding to the torque supplementing gear 8; when the clutch is started, the engaging gear 6 moves along the input shaft 12 to reach a position corresponding to the torque compensation gear 8, is coupled to the electromagnetic dog clutch 7, and is further engaged with the torque compensation gear 8, so that the input shaft 12 is connected to the torque compensation motor 9.

The electromagnetic jaw clutch 7 is composed of two half clutches with teeth on two end faces, one of the half clutches is fixed on a driving shaft, and the other half clutch is connected with a driven shaft by a guide flat key (or spline) and moves axially by electromagnetic control, thereby playing a clutch role and omitting an operating mechanism.

Meanwhile, the scheme can also comprise a gear shifting controller, and when the gear shifting controller is started, the gear shifting controller firstly controls the main clutch K to be disconnected and then controls the engaging gear 6 to be engaged with the torque supplementing gear 8, so that the engaging gear 6 and the torque supplementing gear 8 are engaged in a static state, and the gear beating caused by the engagement of the two gears in the moving process is avoided. After the engaging gear 6 is engaged with the torque supplementing gear 8, the shift controller controls the main clutch K to be engaged, the torque supplementing motor 9 works to drive the input shaft 12 to rotate, further, the engine 10 is driven to operate under the action of the input shaft 12, starting of the engine 10 is realized, and the engaging gear 6 is controlled to be separated from the torque supplementing gear 8 after the starting of the engine 10 is completed, namely, the separation action can be realized when the gears are in a motion state.

As shown in fig. 2, when the engaging gear 6 moves to a position corresponding to the torque supplementing gear 8, the torque supplementing motor 9 is connected to the engine 10 through the torque supplementing gear 8, the engaging gear 6, the input shaft 12 and the main clutch K, so as to drive the engine 10 to rotate, thereby realizing the transmission of torque from the torque supplementing motor 9 to the engine 10 and driving the engine 10 to start.

The engaging gear 6 can be a straight gear, and has low cost and high reliability. And the electromagnetic jaw clutch 7 is used as a separation and combination control structure, so that the centering performance is good, the bearing capacity is high, the reliable control on the engagement of the engagement gear 6 and the torque compensation gear 8 is facilitated, and the accuracy of starting operation is improved.

It can be understood that the starting motor in the prior art also needs to push a spur gear to be connected with a flywheel of the engine 10, and when the spur gear is adopted as a gear meshed with the torque supplementing gear 8 in the scheme, the structure is equivalent to that only one electromagnetic jaw clutch 7 is added, so that the cost is low, the use convenience and reliability are high, the structure of an automobile power system is effectively simplified, and the integration level is improved.

On the basis, the engaging gear 6 can be driven by the gear shifting motor without adding a power element additionally.

Specifically, as described above, the shift mechanism between the input shaft 12 and the output shaft 13 may be a plurality of gear sets, each gear set includes a shift gear sleeved on the input shaft 12 and a shift gear sleeved on the output shaft 13, and the shift gears of the input shaft 12 and the output shaft 13 are specifically connected by a connection mechanism such as a synchronizer. Thus, when viewed from the input shaft 12, a plurality of shift gears are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the input shaft 12; normally, the number of shift gears corresponds to the number of gears, but in this embodiment, the number of shift gears is one more than the number of gears, that is, there is a further stage of shift gear behind the last gear, which is called the final stage shift gear, which constitutes the aforementioned engaging gear 6. In this way, at the time of starting, the shift motor can be used as a power source to drive the engaging gear 6 to move along the input shaft 12 to a position corresponding to the torque-supplementing gear 8, so that the engaging gear 6 is coupled with the electromagnetic dog clutch 7 and is further engaged with the torque-supplementing gear 8.

At this time, on one hand, the gear shifting motor is adopted as a power source of the joint gear 6, so that the cost of a power element is not increased; on the other hand, the engaging gear 6 and the shifting gear are arranged in a similar structure, so that the original power system mechanism is retained to the maximum extent, and the influence on the original power system is reduced; furthermore, the arrangement form similar to the shifting gear is adopted, so that the engaging gear 6 can operate in the same order as the shifting gear, and the problems of 'long running-in period' and the like caused by the addition of a mechanism are basically avoided.

Example 2

In the second embodiment, the torque compensation motor 9 can be connected to the input shaft 12 via the first connecting mechanism 11 during shifting, and the torque is compensated to the output shaft 13 via the input shaft 12. In this case, the first connecting mechanism 11 and the second connecting mechanism may be the same mechanism, which is used to connect the torque compensation motor 9 to the input shaft 12 during shifting and starting. In contrast, at the time of shifting, the main clutch K is in a disengaged state, and at the time of starting, the main clutch K is first in a disengaged state, and after the engaging gear 6 is engaged with the torque supplementing gear 8, the main clutch K is engaged to transmit the torque to the engine 10, so that the starting of the engine 10 is achieved.

The present embodiment may be different from embodiment 1 only in that the first connecting mechanism 11 is disposed on the input shaft 12, and other portions, such as the structure of the second connecting mechanism, may be disposed with reference to embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.

The automatic transmission and the automotive power system provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Automatic gearbox comprising an input shaft (12) and an output shaft (13) directly connected by a gear shift mechanism, said input shaft (12) being coupled to an engine (10) by means of a main clutch (K), characterized by further comprising a torque supplementing electric machine (9), a first connection (11) and a second connection, said torque supplementing electric machine (9) being connected to said input shaft (12) or said output shaft (13) by means of said first connection (11) during gear shifting; when the engine is started, the torque supplementing motor (9) is connected with the input shaft (12) through the second connecting mechanism, so that the engine (10) is started;

the torque supplementing motor (9) is connected with a torque supplementing gear (8), the second connecting mechanism comprises a joint gear (6), and the joint gear (6) is sleeved on the input shaft (12);

the gear shifting mechanism comprises a plurality of gear shifting gears which are axially arranged at intervals on the input shaft (12), and a first-stage gear shifting gear is arranged behind the last gear and is a final-stage gear shifting gear, and the final-stage gear shifting gear forms the joint gear (6);

on start-up, the gear change motor drives the engagement gear (6) along the input shaft (12) to a position corresponding to the torque supplementing gear (8).

2. An automatic gearbox according to claim 1, characterised in that said second connection means comprise an electromagnetic dog clutch (7), said input shaft (12) being provided with said electromagnetic dog clutch (7) in a position corresponding to said torque-supplementing gear (8); when the clutch is started, the engaging gear (6) moves along the input shaft (12) to be coupled with the electromagnetic jaw clutch (7) and further meshed with the torque supplementing gear (8).

3. An automatic gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a gear shift control which, when activated, controls the main clutch (K) to disengage and then controls the engagement gear (6) to engage the torque supplementing gear (8).

4. Automatic gearbox according to claim 1, characterised in that said engagement gear (6) is a spur gear.

5. Automatic gearbox according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the first connection (11) is a synchronizer which is journalled in the output shaft (13) and which engages the torque supplementing gear (8) during gear shifting.

6. Automotive power system comprising an engine (10) and an automatic gearbox connected to said engine (10), characterized in that said automatic gearbox is an automatic gearbox according to any of the preceding claims 1-5.