CN111192698A - Wide-view-angle pressure-bearing and pressure-suppressing cooling impact process simulation system - Google Patents
Wide-view-angle pressure-bearing and pressure-suppressing cooling impact process simulation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111192698A CN111192698A CN202010017894.0A CN202010017894A CN111192698A CN 111192698 A CN111192698 A CN 111192698A CN 202010017894 A CN202010017894 A CN 202010017894A CN 111192698 A CN111192698 A CN 111192698A
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- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
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Abstract
A wide-view pressure-bearing and pressure-suppressing cooling impact process simulation system comprises: suppression pond, bubbler mechanism, gas supply mechanism, measurement mechanism and control module, wherein: the bubbler mechanism is arranged in the pressure-restraining water tank and connected with the gas supply mechanism, the gas supply mechanism is connected with the bubbler mechanism through the pressure-restraining water tank, the measuring mechanism is connected with the pressure-restraining water tank and collects pressure signals, sound signals, vibration signals and temperature signals, the control module is connected with the measuring mechanism and carries out fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis and calculation analysis on the collected high-frequency pressure signals, sound signals and vibration signals to obtain a pressure-restraining impact characteristic rule. The condensation heat transfer and impact load characteristics in the process of suppressing impact are obtained through measurement and analysis of each sensor, so that the process of suppressing impact of the suppression pool is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of nuclear industry, in particular to a wide-view-angle pressure-bearing and pressure-restraining cooling impact process simulation system.
Background
When a pipeline rupture accident occurs to a nuclear reactor, the pressure of a containment vessel needs to be reduced to maintain the structural integrity, and the design of a pressure-restraining pool of a boiling water reactor is referred to, so that the pressure-restraining pool design is carried out on a pressurized water reactor containment vessel of a nuclear power plant and a reactor containment vessel for a ship, and active pressure relief is carried out. High-temperature and high-pressure steam containing non-condensable gas is introduced into a pressure-restraining pool to be condensed by steam-water direct contact in the pressure relief process of the containment, so that the heat and mass transfer efficiency is high, but the steam-water condensation can generate strong pressure oscillation, impact load and mechanical damage can be generated on the wall surface of a system, the pressure relief cooling of the system is influenced, the safe operation of equipment is seriously influenced, severe noise can be generated in the condensation process, and the concealment of a nuclear power device for a ship can be seriously damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a wide-view-angle pressure-bearing and pressure-restraining cooling impact process simulation system which is provided with a pressure-bearing experimental container, a large wide-angle observation window and an adjustable injection pipeline position, and the condensation heat transfer and impact load characteristics in the pressure-restraining impact process are measured and analyzed by various sensors, so that the pressure-restraining impact process of a pressure-restraining water pool is obtained.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention comprises the following steps: suppression pond, bubbler mechanism, gas supply mechanism, measurement mechanism and control module, wherein: the bubbler mechanism is arranged in the pressure-restraining water tank and connected with the gas supply mechanism, the gas supply mechanism is connected with the bubbler mechanism through the pressure-restraining water tank, the measuring mechanism is connected with the pressure-restraining water tank and collects pressure signals, sound signals, vibration signals and temperature signals, the control module is connected with the measuring mechanism and carries out fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis and calculation analysis on the collected high-frequency pressure signals, sound signals and vibration signals to obtain a pressure-restraining impact characteristic rule.
The measuring mechanism comprises: camera, set up flowmeter, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, hydrophone, acceleration sensor and the foil gage on the suppression pond, wherein: the camera is arranged outside the pressure-restraining water tank and opposite to the observation window.
The gas supply mechanism comprises: a steam supply unit and a nitrogen supply unit.
The bubbler mechanism comprises: a plurality of multi-position lines connected to the sparger, wherein: the multi-position pipeline is arranged at the top of the pressure-restraining water tank and connected with the steam supply unit and the nitrogen supply unit, and the bubbler is arranged in the pressure-restraining water tank.
The steam supply unit export be equipped with steam pipeline mass flow meter, steam pipeline electrical control valve and steam pipeline check valve in proper order, wherein: the vapor line check valve is connected to the multi-position line and the nitrogen gas supply unit, respectively.
The export of nitrogen gas supply unit be equipped with nitrogen gas pipeline relief pressure valve, nitrogen gas pipeline heater, nitrogen gas pipeline mass flowmeter, nitrogen gas pipeline electric control valve and nitrogen gas pipeline check valve in proper order, wherein: the nitrogen line check valve and the steam line check valve are connected and are commonly connected to the bubbler mechanism.
And an observation window for observing the characteristics of the compression-inhibition impact condensation behavior is arranged on the compression-inhibition water tank.
The pressure-restraining water pool is provided with a plurality of pipeline holes used for being connected with multi-position pipelines.
The control module comprises: pressure information unit, sound information unit, vibration information unit, temperature information unit and analysis detecting element, wherein: the pressure information unit is connected with the pressure sensor and receives pressure information, then carries out analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and outputs the pressure information to the analysis and detection unit, the sound information unit is connected with the hydrophone and receives sound information, then carries out analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and outputs the sound information to the analysis and detection unit, the vibration information unit is connected with the acceleration sensor and receives acceleration information, then carries out analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and outputs the acceleration information to the analysis and detection unit, the temperature information unit is connected with the temperature sensor and receives temperature information, then carries out analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and outputs the temperature information to the analysis and detection unit, and the analysis and monitoring unit carries out fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis and calculation analysis according to the received pressure characteristics, sound characteristics.
The invention relates to a simulation method based on the process simulation system, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: opening a water replenishing pipeline valve, injecting water into the experimental container, closing the valve after the water level meets the working condition requirement, and stopping injecting water; starting a nitrogen supply unit, closing a steam pipeline, continuously introducing nitrogen at a certain temperature to heat a water body in the experimental container, so that the water temperature in the container meets the requirement of working conditions, and introducing nitrogen through a nitrogen pipeline to pressurize, so that the pressure in the container meets the requirement of the working conditions;
step 2: steam is generated through a steam supply unit, and the mass flow of the steam is adjusted to meet the requirement of working conditions; generating nitrogen through a nitrogen supply unit, adjusting the mass flow and the temperature of the nitrogen to meet the requirements of working conditions so as to simulate non-condensable gas generated simultaneously with steam in an actual reactor, mixing the non-condensable gas with the steam, and injecting the mixture into an experimental container;
and step 3: the signal is acquired through a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a hydrophone, an acceleration sensor, a camera and a strain gauge, the suppression impact characteristic rule is calculated through fast Fourier transform, the suppression impact process mechanism of a suppression pool is discussed, and the impact effect of the condensation process on the structure is analyzed, so that the method specifically comprises the following steps:
3.1) converting the electric signal output by the sensor into various required physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, sound pressure, vibration and the like through an acquisition system;
3.2) collecting signals by high-frequency pressure, sound and vibration, and acquiring time domain characteristics of various signals by a collection system and a control system;
and 3.3) obtaining the frequency domain characteristics of the signals by carrying out fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis on the time domain characteristics, and obtaining the mechanism characteristics and the action rule of the suppression impact by analyzing the amplitude and the frequency of various physical.
Technical effects
The invention solves the blank in the mechanism aspect of the cooling impact process of the existing suppression water pool according to the design of relevant equipment of a reactor and the requirement of safe operation.
Compared with the prior art, the detection result of the invention is consistent with the actual reactor suppression water pool condition, and different pressures can be adjusted according to the requirements of working conditions, so as to meet different experimental requirements; the condensation process of the gas can be observed more completely and comprehensively, the gas condensation process observation of the bubbler at different positions can be met, a steam condensation flow type area with the minimum cooling impact is obtained, and reference is provided for the design of a suppression discharge system. The invention can insert the injection pipeline into different injection pipeline holes according to the requirement, change the orientation of the bubbler, study the influence of different gas outlet positions on the structure and provide a reference basis for the application of a subsequent pressure-restraining water pool in a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant and a marine reactor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the experimental vessel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the experimental vessel of the present invention;
in the figure: a steam supply unit 1, a steam line mass flow meter 2, a steam line electric control valve 3, a steam line pressure sensor 4, a steam line temperature sensor 5, a steam line check valve 6, a nitrogen supply unit 7, a nitrogen line pressure reducing valve 8, a nitrogen line heater 9, a nitrogen line mass flow meter 10, a nitrogen line electric control valve 11, a nitrogen line pressure sensor 12, a nitrogen line temperature sensor 13, a nitrogen line check valve 14, an injection line mass flow meter 15, an injection line pressure sensor 16, an injection line temperature sensor 17, a multi-position line 18, a bubbler 19, an observation window 20, a closed-mouth pressure-bearing container 21, a temperature sensor 22, a pressure sensor 23, an acceleration sensor 24, a strain gauge 25, a hydrophone 26, a water replenishment line valve 27, an exhaust line valve 28, a water drainage line valve 29, a water replenishment tank 30, a pressure sensor, A camera 31, a steam line 32, a nitrogen gas line 33, an injection line 34, an exhaust line 35, a water replenishment line 36, a water discharge line 37, an air supply line 38, a line hole 39, and a control module 40.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the wide-view angle pressure-bearing and pressure-suppressing cooling impact process simulation system according to the present embodiment includes: a suppression water basin, a fill line 34, a gas supply line 38, a gas exhaust line 35, a make-up line 36, and a drain line 37.
The gas supply line 38 includes: a steam line 32 and a nitrogen line 33 for supplying nitrogen, wherein: the steam pipeline 32 is provided with a steam supply unit 1, a steam pipeline mass flow meter 2, a steam pipeline electric regulating valve 3, a steam pipeline pressure sensor 4, a steam pipeline temperature sensor 5 and a steam pipeline check valve 6 in sequence.
The nitrogen pipeline 33 is sequentially provided with a nitrogen supply unit 7, a nitrogen pipeline pressure reducing valve 8 for adjusting the pressure of nitrogen, a nitrogen pipeline heater 9 for heating nitrogen, a nitrogen pipeline mass flowmeter 10, a nitrogen pipeline electric regulating valve 11, a nitrogen pipeline pressure sensor 12, a nitrogen pipeline temperature sensor 13 and a nitrogen pipeline check valve 14.
The injection line 34 is provided with an injection line mass flow meter 15, an injection line pressure sensor 16, an injection line temperature sensor 17, a multi-position line 18 and a bubbler 19 in sequence.
The exhaust pipeline 35 is provided with an exhaust pipeline valve 29; the water replenishing line 36 is provided with a water replenishing line valve 28 and a water replenishing tank 31.
The drain line 37 is provided with a drain line valve 30.
The steam line check valve 6 is disposed at the end of the steam line 32 to prevent gas from flowing back to the steam line 32.
The nitrogen line check valve 14 is provided at the end of the nitrogen line 33 and is connected together with the check valve 6 and the injection line 34 to prevent the gas from flowing back to the nitrogen line 33.
The pressure-restraining water tank specifically adopts a closed pressure-bearing container 21, is made of 304 stainless steel, has the height of 1500mm and the diameter of 1000mm, and has the design pressure of 0.3MPa and the design temperature of 145 ℃.
The drainage box 30 and the water replenishing pipeline valve 27 are arranged below the closed pressure-bearing container 21, the water replenishing pipeline valve 27 is opened before an experiment is started, water is filled into the experiment container, the valve is closed after the water level meets the working condition requirement, and the water filling is stopped.
The exhaust pipeline valve 28 is arranged above the closed pressure-bearing container 21, and after the experiment is finished, the valve is opened to discharge the gas in the closed pressure-bearing container 21, so that the normal pressure experiment working condition can be met.
The drain line 37 is arranged right below the closed pressure-bearing container 21, and the water in the closed pressure-bearing container 21 can be discharged by opening the drain line valve 29.
The top upper end socket of the closed pressure-bearing container 21 is provided with a plurality of pipeline holes 39 connected with the multi-position pipelines 18 for changing the direction of the bubbler 19 and adjusting the pressure relief position, wherein the multi-position pipelines are respectively positioned at the center of the container and the position close to the wall surface of the container, and the influence of different gas outlet positions on the structure is researched.
The wall surface of the closed pressure-bearing container 21 is provided with a large wide-angle observation window 20, and the circular structure with the diameter of 600mm is adopted for observing a gas condensation flow pattern in the process of suppressing impact so as to obtain the behavior characteristic of suppressing impact condensation; compared with the common visual window, the large wide-angle observation window 20 can observe the condensation process of the gas more completely and comprehensively, and can meet the observation of the condensation process of the gas at different positions of the bubbler 19.
The closed pressure-bearing container 21 is provided with a temperature sensor 22, a pressure sensor 23, an acceleration sensor 24, a strain gauge 25 and a hydrophone 26, wherein: the temperature sensor 22 is arranged in the closed pressure-bearing container 21 and used for measuring the water temperature change in the process of suppressing impact and researching the heat transfer characteristic in the process of suppressing impact; the pressure sensor 23 is arranged on the wall surface of the closed pressure-bearing container 21 and is used for measuring the impact action of the pressure-restraining impact process on the wall surface of the closed pressure-bearing container 21; the acceleration sensor 24 is arranged on the wall surface of the closed pressure-bearing container 21 and used for measuring the wall surface vibration of the closed pressure-bearing container 21 in the process of suppressing the impact and researching the pressure oscillation characteristic in the process of suppressing the impact; the strain gauge 25 is arranged on the wall surface of the closed pressure-bearing container 21 and is used for measuring the structural deformation of the closed pressure-bearing container 21 in the process of suppressing impact and researching the impact effect on the structure in the process of suppressing impact; the hydrophone 26 is arranged inside the closed pressure-bearing container 21 and used for measuring noise in the process of suppressing impact and researching the audio frequency characteristic in the process of suppressing impact.
The bubbler 19 is a porous bubbler, and is used for reducing vibration and noise in the process of suppressing impact, and protecting equipment structures and the like.
A camera 31 is arranged outside the closed pressure-bearing container 21, and the camera 31 shoots the suppression impact phenomenon through an observation window 20 to research the condensation behavior characteristic in the suppression impact process.
The simulation method based on the process simulation system in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1: opening a water replenishing pipeline valve 27, filling water into the closed pressure-bearing container 21, closing the valve after the water level meets the working condition requirement, and stopping filling water; and starting the nitrogen supply unit 7, closing the steam pipeline 32, continuously introducing nitrogen at a certain temperature to heat the water body in the closed pressure-bearing container 21, so that the water temperature in the container meets the requirement of the working condition, and introducing nitrogen through the nitrogen pipeline 33 to pressurize, so that the pressure in the container meets the requirement of the working condition.
Step 2: the steam supply unit 1 generates steam, and the steam quality and flow are adjusted through the steam pipeline electric adjusting valve 3 to meet the working condition requirement; the nitrogen supply unit 7 generates nitrogen, and the pressure of the nitrogen is reduced through a nitrogen line pressure reducing valve 8 to maintain the same level as that of the steam; heating nitrogen through a nitrogen pipeline heater 9, and adjusting the mass flow of the nitrogen through a nitrogen pipeline electric adjusting valve 11; simulating non-condensable gas which is generated simultaneously with steam in an actual reactor by using nitrogen, mixing the non-condensable gas with the steam, and injecting the mixture into an experimental container; respectively measuring the steam mass flow, the pressure and the temperature through a steam pipeline mass flow meter 2, a steam pipeline pressure sensor 4 and a steam pipeline temperature sensor 5; measuring nitrogen flow, pressure and temperature respectively through a nitrogen pipeline mass flow meter 10, a nitrogen pipeline pressure sensor 12 and a nitrogen pipeline temperature sensor 13;
in the process of injecting the steam and the nitrogen generated by the steam supply unit 1 and the nitrogen supply unit 7 into the closed pressure-bearing container 21, the multi-position pipelines 18 at different positions can be selected; the pressure-suppressing shock is performed by the bubbler 19.
And step 3: signals are acquired through the temperature sensor 22, the pressure sensor 23, the hydrophone 26, the acceleration sensor 24, the camera 31 and the strain gauge 25, condensation behavior characteristics, heat transfer characteristics, pressure oscillation characteristics, structural load characteristics and audio characteristics in the process of suppressing impact are acquired through methods such as fast Fourier transform, the mechanism of the process of suppressing impact of the suppression pool is discussed, and the impact effect of the condensation process on the structure is analyzed.
Compared with the prior art, the performance index of the device is promoted to lie in that: 1. the reactor pressure-suppression water tank can meet the actual conditions of the reactor pressure-suppression water tank, and different pressures can be adjusted according to the requirements of working conditions, so that different experimental requirements can be met; the condensation process of the gas can be observed more completely and comprehensively, the gas condensation process observation of the bubbler at different positions can be met, a steam condensation flow type area with the minimum cooling impact is obtained, and reference is provided for the design of a suppression discharge system. 2. The injection pipeline can be connected into different injection pipeline holes according to the requirement, the orientation of the bubbler is changed, and the influence of different gas outlet positions on the structure is researched. The pressure of the pressure vessel capable of bearing pressure can be adjusted according to needs, the adjustable pressure range is 0.1MPa-0.3MPa, and the maximum contribution is provided for simulating the actual reactor working condition. The position of the injection line can be adjusted, so that the positions of the steam outlets are different, and the positions of the outlets are respectively positioned in the center and near the wall surface of the container, thereby providing the maximum contribution to analyzing the influence of different steam outlet positions on condensation and impact. A wide-view-angle observation window is adopted, and a DN600 large observation window is adopted, so that a comprehensive steam condensation flow pattern can be observed, and the maximum contribution is provided for obtaining a steam condensation flow pattern area with the minimum cooling impact. The pressure container capable of bearing pressure, the position of the adjustable injection pipeline and the wide-view observation window provide the greatest contribution to the comprehensive analysis of the cooling impact mechanism of the suppression water tank under various working conditions in the actual reactor.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A wide-view pressure-bearing and pressure-suppressing cooling impact process simulation system is characterized by comprising: suppression pond, bubbler mechanism, gas supply mechanism, measurement mechanism and control module, wherein: the bubbler mechanism is arranged in the pressure-restraining water tank and connected with the gas supply mechanism, the gas supply mechanism is connected with the bubbler mechanism through the pressure-restraining water tank, the measuring mechanism is connected with the pressure-restraining water tank and collects pressure signals, sound signals, vibration signals and temperature signals, the control module is connected with the measuring mechanism and carries out fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis and calculation analysis on the collected high-frequency pressure signals, sound signals and vibration signals to obtain a pressure-restraining impact characteristic rule;
the control module comprises: pressure information unit, sound information unit, vibration information unit, temperature information unit and analysis detecting element, wherein: the pressure information unit is connected with the pressure sensor and receives pressure information, then carries out analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and outputs the pressure information to the analysis and detection unit, the sound information unit is connected with the hydrophone and receives sound information, then carries out analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and outputs the sound information to the analysis and detection unit, the vibration information unit is connected with the acceleration sensor and receives acceleration information, then carries out analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and outputs the acceleration information to the analysis and detection unit, the temperature information unit is connected with the temperature sensor and receives temperature information, then carries out analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and outputs the temperature information to the analysis and detection unit, and the analysis and monitoring unit carries out fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis and calculation analysis according to the received pressure characteristics, sound characteristics.
2. The wide-view, pressure-bearing, pressure-restraining, cooling, impingement process simulation system of claim 1, wherein said measurement mechanism comprises: camera, set up flowmeter, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, hydrophone, acceleration sensor and the foil gage on the suppression pond, wherein: the camera is arranged outside the pressure-restraining water tank and opposite to the observation window.
3. The wide-view, pressure-bearing, pressure-restraining, cooling, impingement process simulation system of claim 1, wherein said gas supply mechanism comprises: a steam supply unit and a nitrogen supply unit.
4. The wide-view, pressure-bearing, pressure-suppressing, cooling impingement process simulation system of claim 1, wherein the bubbler mechanism comprises: a plurality of multi-position lines connected to the sparger, wherein: the multi-position pipeline is arranged at the top of the pressure-restraining water tank and connected with the steam supply unit and the nitrogen supply unit, and the bubbler is arranged in the pressure-restraining water tank.
5. The wide-viewing-angle pressure-bearing and pressure-suppressing cooling impact process simulation system according to claim 1, wherein a steam pipe mass flow meter, a steam pipe electric control valve and a steam pipe check valve are sequentially provided at an outlet of the steam supply unit, wherein: the vapor line check valve is connected to the multi-position line and the nitrogen gas supply unit, respectively.
6. The wide-view pressure-bearing and pressure-suppressing cooling impact process simulation system according to claim 1, wherein an outlet of the nitrogen gas supply unit is provided with a nitrogen gas pipeline pressure-reducing valve, a nitrogen gas pipeline heater, a nitrogen gas pipeline mass flow meter, a nitrogen gas pipeline electric control valve, and a nitrogen gas pipeline check valve in sequence, wherein: the nitrogen line check valve and the steam line check valve are connected and are commonly connected to the bubbler mechanism.
7. The wide-viewing-angle pressure-bearing, pressure-restraining, cooling and impacting process simulation system according to claim 1, wherein an observation window for observing the condensation behavior characteristics of the pressure-restraining impact is arranged on the pressure-restraining pool; the pressure-restraining water pool is provided with a plurality of pipeline holes used for being connected with multi-position pipelines.
8. A simulation method based on the process simulation system of any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:
step 1: opening a water replenishing pipeline valve, injecting water into the experimental container, closing the valve after the water level meets the working condition requirement, and stopping injecting water; starting a nitrogen supply unit, closing a steam pipeline, continuously introducing nitrogen to heat a water body in the experimental container so that the water temperature in the container meets the requirement of the working condition, and introducing nitrogen through a nitrogen pipeline to pressurize so that the pressure in the container meets the requirement of the working condition;
step 2: steam is generated through a steam supply unit, and the mass flow of the steam is adjusted to meet the requirement of working conditions; generating nitrogen through a nitrogen supply unit, adjusting the mass flow and the temperature of the nitrogen to meet the requirements of working conditions so as to simulate non-condensable gas generated simultaneously with steam in an actual reactor, mixing the non-condensable gas with the steam, and injecting the mixture into an experimental container;
and step 3: the signal is acquired through a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a hydrophone, an acceleration sensor, a camera and a strain gauge, the suppression impact characteristic rule is calculated through fast Fourier transform, the suppression impact process mechanism of a suppression pool is discussed, and the impact effect of the condensation process on the structure is analyzed, so that the method specifically comprises the following steps:
3.1) converting the electric signal output by the sensor into required temperature, pressure, sound pressure and vibration through an acquisition system;
3.2) collecting signals by high-frequency pressure, sound and vibration, and acquiring time domain characteristics of various signals by a collection system and a control system;
and 3.3) obtaining the frequency domain characteristics of the signals by carrying out fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis on the time domain characteristics, and obtaining the mechanism characteristics and the action rule of the suppression impact by analyzing the amplitude and the frequency of various physical.
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