CN111188630A - Get heat energy-absorbing and let pressure tunnel structure - Google Patents
Get heat energy-absorbing and let pressure tunnel structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111188630A CN111188630A CN202010038791.2A CN202010038791A CN111188630A CN 111188630 A CN111188630 A CN 111188630A CN 202010038791 A CN202010038791 A CN 202010038791A CN 111188630 A CN111188630 A CN 111188630A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T50/00—Geothermal systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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Abstract
The utility model provides a get heat energy-absorbing and let and press tunnel structure, includes: let pressure formula energy stock, I-steel bow member, just spout concrete layer, wave mode steel intermediate layer module case, insulating layer, waterproof layer, two lining concrete layers, cold water pipe, hot-water line, multi-functional sensor, structural health monitoring element, heat transfer hole, reserve connecting block, reserve pipe, valve, heat transfer group.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tunnel engineering, engineering disaster prevention and reduction and energy underground engineering, and particularly relates to a heat-taking energy-absorbing yielding tunnel structure.
Background
The tunnel engineering with high ground temperature, geothermal water and high ground stress becomes the main characteristics of water conservancy and hydropower, traffic, mines and the like in the plate active area at present. When the tunnel buries deeply too much, or receives the influence of underground hot water such as magma activity, hot spring, under high rock temperature effect, produces additional temperature stress in the lining cutting structure, probably causes the concrete fracture, influences the security and the durability of lining cutting, and can weaken waterproof material's mechanical properties, makes water-proof effects receive the influence, and then produces the potential influence to the tunnel whole life cycle structure security. Meanwhile, the tunnel is influenced by high stress in the process of excavating the high-stress tunnel, and the tunnel generates large soft rock deformation and hard rock burst and creep deformation; under the coupling action of high ground temperature and high ground stress, the high-temperature drop and strain energy accumulated in the rock mass can cause strong surrounding rock damage when being released, thereby causing great harm to field construction personnel and equipment. In summary, the risk of chain thermal-mechanical coupling damage caused by high ground temperature and high ground stress and the corresponding tunnel structure function are further researched.
At present, a common high-ground-temperature tunnel supporting structure system comprises a thermal insulation material, a primary support, a waterproof material and a secondary lining, is suitable for a surrounding rock temperature of 80 ℃, and has the advantages of reducing the heat transferred to the supporting structure by the surrounding rock and increasing the radiation of the supporting structure to the air heat in a tunnel, but the tunnel structure does not consider the coupling effect of high ground stress.
Aiming at a high-ground-stress hard rock tunnel, a common method for preventing rock burst is to improve the energy storage capacity of a rock body or absorb the energy released by surrounding rocks, and achieve the purpose of preventing rock burst by supporting the surrounding rocks. The mainly adopted structural form is mainly energy-absorbing support, flexible support, rigid support or the combination of the two. Aiming at the soft rock large deformation stratum, 3 methods are mainly used, one method is to increase the rigidity of a supporting structure, for example, thickened sprayed concrete, high-strength steel arch frames with denser space, thicker secondary lining and the like are adopted, but along with the gradual release of stress in the tunnel excavation process, the stress of a supporting system is also gradually increased; the second one is to adopt a layered support technology, mainly to adopt two or more layers for preliminary support. The first layer adopts a support measure with lower rigidity to release partial surrounding rock pressure and deformation energy, and is applied with two-layer support after the surrounding rock pressure and displacement are released to a certain degree, and when the extrusion type soft rock is supported by adopting layered primary support, if the first layer sprayed concrete is thinner, the primary support damage phenomena such as cracking, bulging or steel arch frame distortion fracture and the like are easy to occur; heavy and dense steel supports, thickened sprayed concrete layers, encrypted anchor rod intervals, increased anchor rod length and the like can be adopted for reinforcing the primary sprayed concrete layer, and the material consumption and the engineering quantity can be obviously increased. The third method is to adopt a novel yielding support structure with the characteristics of strong flexibility, high retractility, side-by-side yielding and the like, and allow the novel yielding support structure to generate a certain displacement to release partial surrounding rock pressure and energy accumulated during dynamic load action under the condition of keeping the constant bearing capacity of the support structure; after the yielding amount is released, the structure continuously bears along with the further increase of deformation until being damaged, so that the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is fully exerted. These structural forms optimize the supporting force, but do not consider the coupling effect of high ground temperature.
The method aims at underground engineering such as water conservancy projects, traffic and mines in the coupling environment of high-ground-stress and high-ground-temperature tunnels, and especially aims at ultrahigh-ground-temperature and extremely-high-ground-stress tunnels such as Sichuan-Tibet railways and Dian-Tibet railways which pass through mountain-making zones such as block moving zones and transverse mountains, realizes support, cooling and heat insulation of the whole life cycle of the tunnels, prevents and controls chain type thermal coupling type heat damage, realizes stable surrounding rocks and long-term healthy and safe structure, and has important significance in realizing development of geothermal energy and continuous development of engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heat-taking energy-absorbing yielding tunnel structure aiming at the development trend of a high-stress and high-ground-temperature tunnel structure system, the characteristics of chain type heat damage and the defects of the existing prevention and control and structure technology, and the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a get heat energy-absorbing and let and press tunnel structure, includes: the device comprises a pressure-yielding type energy anchor rod (1), an I-shaped steel arch frame (2), a primary spraying concrete layer (3), a corrugated steel interlayer module box (4), a heat insulation layer (5), a waterproof layer (6), a secondary lining concrete layer (7), a cold water pipe (8), a hot water pipe (9), a multifunctional sensor (10), a structural health monitoring element (11), a heat exchange hole (12), a reserved connecting block (13), a reserved pipe (14), a valve (15) and a heat exchange pipe group (16);
the second lining concrete layer (7) is positioned on the outermost layer, the waterproof layer (6) is welded on the upper surface of the second lining concrete layer (7), and the heat insulation layer (5) is bonded on the upper surface of the waterproof layer (6);
the laminated plate (411) composed of a plurality of horizontal wave-shaped metal plates is arranged inside the wave-shaped steel interlayer module box (4), the outer part of the laminated plate (411) is formed by welding an upper panel (412), a lower panel (413), a left side plate (414), a right side plate (415), a front plate (416) and a rear plate (417) to form a box body to surround the laminated plate (411), the upper panel (412) is provided with a plurality of heat exchange holes (12), the lower panel (413) and the laminated plate (411) are provided with a plurality of groups of reserved pipes (14), the lower panel (413) of the wave-shaped steel interlayer module box (4) is tightly attached to the upper surface of the heat insulation layer (5), and the multifunctional sensor (15) is arranged inside the wave-shaped steel interlayer;
the primary spraying concrete layer (3) is tightly attached to the upper surface of an upper panel (412) of the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4), the I-shaped steel arch frame (2) is welded with the upper part of the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4) through a reserved connecting block (13), the rod body of the pressure type energy anchor rod (1) is hollow, a cold water pipe (8) and a hot water pipe (9) are arranged in the hollow, the outer surface of one end of the pressure type energy anchor rod (1) is welded on the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4) through the reserved connecting block (13), the cold water pipe (8) and the hot water pipe (9) which are arranged in the hollow are arranged in a reserved pipe (14) of a left side plate (414) and a right side plate (415), and the contact position of the pressure type energy anchor rod (1) and the I-shaped steel arch frame (2) is welded on the surface of the; structural health monitoring elements (11) are respectively arranged between an upper panel (412) and a primary sprayed concrete layer (3) and between a lower panel (413) and a second lining concrete layer (7) of the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4), a cold water pipe (8) and a hot water pipe (9) are combined into a heat exchange pipe group (16), three groups of heat exchange pipe groups (16) are arranged, wherein the left heat exchange pipe group and the right heat exchange pipe group (16) are arranged in two groups of reserved pipes (14) and are connected with cold and hot water pipes in the yielding type energy anchor rod (1) through hoses; the reserved pipe (14) located in the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4) continuously penetrates through the heat insulation layer (5), the waterproof layer (6) and the second lining concrete layer (7), and the reserved pipe (14) connected with the yielding type energy anchor rod (1) of the other group of heat exchange pipes (16) also penetrates through the second lining concrete layer (7), the waterproof layer (6) and the heat insulation layer (5).
Furthermore, the waterproof layer (6) is an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) plate with a rubber water stop belt, the waterproof layer (6) is fixed through an ultrasonic welding machine, and the double-seam heat seal creeping welding machine is welded and tightly attached to the upper surface of the secondary lining concrete layer (7).
Further, the heat insulation layer (5) is a hard polyurethane plate.
Furthermore, the appearance of the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4) is a square or arc-shaped tube sheet-shaped box body, the laminated plate (411) is a plate made of high-quality low-carbon steel plates or aluminum alloy materials, the thickness of the single-layer laminated plate (411) is 0.3-1.0 cm, the minimum clearance of the compression intersection between layers is 5mm, the upper panel (412) and the lower panel (413) are low-carbon steel plates, the plate thickness is 0.5-1.2 cm, and the left side plate (414), the right side plate (415), the front plate (416) and the rear plate (417) are thin metal plates with ductility and folding properties.
Furthermore, the multifunctional sensor (10) is a comprehensive sensor capable of detecting temperature, flow and water pressure.
Furthermore, the structural health monitoring element (11) is a multifunctional element provided with a displacement meter and a soil pressure cell.
Further, the valve (15) comprises a water inlet valve, a safety valve and a bypass valve, wherein the water inlet valve is connected with the cold water pipe (8) and used for controlling water flow; the bypass valve is arranged on a bypass pipe of the water inlet valve pipe section and is used for filling water to balance the front and rear water pressure of the water inlet valve; the safety valve is connected with the hot water pipe (9) and plays a role of safety protection in the system, and the valve (15) and the heat exchange pipe group (16) are connected with the sealing ring through turning threads.
Furthermore, hoisting rings are welded on the left side plate and the right side plate of the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the corrugated steel interlayer module box is of a hollow structure, and the upper panel of the box body is provided with dense heat exchange holes and is tightly attached to the primary sprayed concrete layer; for a hydrothermal tunnel, geothermal water in a rock mass crack of the tunnel can be collected; for a dry heat tunnel, dense heat exchange holes tightly attached to a primary sprayed concrete layer are used for exchanging heat flow between pumped cold water and the surface of a high-temperature rock body wrapped by the pumped cold water, and meanwhile, the cold water directly exchanges heat with a heated high-temperature multilayer plate in the process of flowing between the upper layer space and the lower layer space of the multilayer plate under the action of gravity; similarly, a cold water pipe and a hot water pipe in the pressure-yielding type energy anchor rod are communicated through a U-shaped pipe, a heat exchange pipe set consisting of the two pipes is in a U shape in the energy anchor rod, when pumped cold water is pumped in, the heat energy in a rock body is absorbed through the anchor rod, then the temperature is raised, and the cold water is pumped out through the hot water pipe, so that the purposes of extracting the heat of the high-temperature rock body in the deep range around the tunnel hole and developing the heat energy in the surface layer around the tunnel hole and the deep range are finally achieved.
(2) Get the heat energy-absorbing and let the wave mode steel intermediate layer module case in pressing tunnel structure be hollow structure, for one kind self has certain intensity, buffer structure and toughness supporting construction that have great stroke, ripple between the multiply wood takes place to deform when receiving the extrusion, through elastic deformation stage-plastic deformation-self local crushing energy-absorbing process, and then bear high ground stress radial and axial compression and deformation play and let the pressure effect in the tunnel, very big increase tunnel structure's factor of safety.
(3) The heat-absorbing and energy-yielding tunnel structure is characterized in that the multilayer board is made of low-carbon steel or aluminum alloy, has high bending resistance, light weight and high strength, can generate an energy-absorbing effect in the later stage of the supporting structure, can be used for pouring concrete in the multilayer board to repair or fill foam concrete as a second heat-insulating layer, can also be dismantled and replaced after the multilayer board is crushed, has certain economical efficiency and construction convenience, and can perform elastic regulation and control on the deformation of the structure by injecting and extracting water by utilizing the space of the multilayer board.
(4) Get heat energy-absorbing and let the corrugated steel intermediate layer module case in pressing tunnel structure and can adopt the prefabrication of modularization mill, on-the-spot assembly, and the size is adjustable, it is convenient to make, low in manufacturing cost, construction period is short, can regard as the section of jurisdiction setting alone in radial use, it assembles the connection cyclization to do as half prefab, the line is at tunnel hoop, the axial is used, get heat energy-absorbing and let pressing tunnel structure can adapt to the curved surface shape of tunnel inner wall, and install construction back mould at the design position and build two lining concrete, two lining concrete and corrugated steel intermediate layer module case carry out structural calculation jointly, can reduce two lining concrete structure thickness according to calculating, reduce the quantity and the work load of concrete.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rectangular corrugated steel sandwich formwork box according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a corrugated steel sandwich formwork box according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural application diagram of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of circumferential connection of a steel sandwich module in a tunnel according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural application diagram in example 2 of the present invention;
wherein the reference numerals are: the system comprises a yielding type energy anchor rod-1, an I-steel arch frame-2, a primary sprayed concrete layer-3, a corrugated steel interlayer module box-4, a heat insulation layer-5, a waterproof layer-6, a secondary lining concrete layer-7, a cold water pipe-8, a hot water pipe-9, a multifunctional sensor-10, a structural health monitoring element-11, a heat exchange hole-12, a reserved connecting block-13, a reserved pipe-14, a valve-15, a heat exchange pipe group-16, a laminate-411, an upper laminate-412, a lower laminate-413, a left side laminate-414, a right side laminate-415, a front laminate-416 and a rear laminate-417.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by combining the drawings and the detailed implementation mode:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a heat-extracting energy-absorbing yielding tunnel structure comprises: the system comprises a yielding type energy anchor rod 1, an I-shaped steel arch frame 2, a primary sprayed concrete layer 3, a corrugated steel interlayer module box 4, a heat insulation layer 5, a waterproof layer 6, a secondary lining concrete layer 7, a cold water pipe 8, a hot water pipe 9, a multifunctional sensor 10, a structural health monitoring element 11, a heat exchange hole 12, a reserved connecting block 13, a reserved pipe 14, a valve 15 and a heat exchange pipe set 16;
the second concrete lining layer 7 is positioned at the lowest layer, the waterproof layer 6 is welded on the upper surface of the second concrete lining layer 7, and the heat insulation layer 5 is adhered on the upper surface of the waterproof layer 6 through a polyurethane reaction type adhesive;
the interior of the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 is a laminate 411 consisting of a plurality of horizontal corrugated metal plates, the thickness of the laminate is 0.3-1.0 cm, the minimum clearance at the compression intersection between layers is about 5mm, so that the corrugated steel interlayer module is ensured to have a certain compression amount, and water flows freely, the outer part of the box body is formed by welding an upper panel 412, a lower panel 413, a left side panel 414, a right side panel 415, a front panel 416 and a rear panel 417, the plates are welded to form the box body, the high sealing performance is realized, the laminated plate 411 is surrounded, the upper panel 412 is provided with dense heat exchange holes 12, the lower panel 413, the left side plate 414, the right side plate 415 and the layer plate 411 are provided with reserved pipes 14, the left side plate and the right side plate of the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 are respectively connected with reserved connecting blocks 13 close to the upper edge positions, the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the heat insulation layer 5, and the multifunctional sensor 15 is arranged inside the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4; dense heat exchange holes 12 are drilled in the upper panel of the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 and tightly attached to the primary sprayed concrete layer 3, so that fissure geothermal water in a tunnel rock mass can be collected, and heat flow exchange can be performed on a dry heat tunnel through pumped cold water to obtain heat;
the I-steel arch centering 2 is welded on the upper surface of the edge positions of two sides of the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4, the surface of the empty surface is required to be flush when the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 is in ring forming use, the number of the yielding type energy anchor rods 1 corresponding to each corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 is 2-4, the rod bodies of the yielding type energy anchor rods 1 are hollow, cold water pipes 8 and hot water pipes 9 are arranged for heat extraction, the water pipes are metal pipelines, the outer surface of one end of each yielding type energy anchor rod 1 is welded on the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 through a reserved connecting block 13, the end part of each yielding type energy anchor rod is inserted into a reserved pipe 14 of the left side plate 414 and the right side plate 415, and the contact position of the yielding type energy anchor rods 1 and the I-steel arch centering 2 is; structural health monitoring elements 11 are respectively arranged between the upper panel 412 and the primary sprayed concrete layer 3 of the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 and between the lower panel 413 and the secondary lining concrete layer 7, the cold water pipe 8 and the hot water pipe 9 are combined into a heat exchange pipe 16, three groups of heat exchange pipe groups 16 are arranged, wherein the left heat exchange pipe group 16 and the right heat exchange pipe group 16 are arranged in two groups of reserved pipes 14 and are connected with cold and hot water pipes in the yielding type energy anchor rod 1 through hoses; the reserved pipe 14 penetrates through the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4, the heat insulation layer 5, the waterproof layer 6 and the second lining concrete layer 7 at the corresponding position, the other group of heat exchange pipes 16 penetrates through the second lining concrete layer 7, the waterproof layer 6 and the heat insulation layer 5 through the reserved pipe 14 connected with the yielding type energy anchor rod 1, the top end of each heat exchange pipe is inserted into the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4, one end, not in contact with the second lining concrete layer 7, of each heat exchange pipe 16 is connected with a valve 15, and finally the heat exchange pipes are connected to a heat pump heat exchange unit;
lifting rings and reserved connecting blocks 13 are welded outside the corrugated steel interlayer module boxes 4, can be independently used as pipe pieces to be arranged in the radial direction, can also be used as semi-prefabricated parts to be spliced and connected into a ring, and can form a line to be used in the annular direction and the axial direction of the tunnel, and the line and the two outer liners of concrete 7 form a permanent structure of the tunnel together;
further, the waterproof layer 6 is an EVA plate with a rubber water stop belt, the waterproof layer 6 is fixed through an ultrasonic welding machine, and the double-seam heat seal creeping welding machine is welded and tightly attached to the upper surface of the secondary lining concrete layer 7.
Further, the heat insulation layer 5 is a hard polyurethane plate.
Furthermore, the appearance of the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 is a square or arc tube sheet box body, the laminated plate 411 is a plate made of high-quality low-carbon steel plates or aluminum alloy materials, the thickness of the single-layer laminated plate 411 is 0.3-1.0 cm, the minimum clearance at the compression intersection between layers is 5mm, the upper plate 412 and the lower plate 413 are low-carbon steel plates, the thickness of the plates is 0.5-1.2 cm, the left side plate 414, the right side plate 415, the front plate 416 and the rear plate 417 are thin metal plates with ductility and capable of being bent, the box body is prefabricated by adopting modular factory processing, the size of the box body is adjustable, and the length, the height and the width of the box body are selected according to the grade of surrounding rocks and support; the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 can be independently used as a pipe joint in the circumferential direction of a tunnel, can also be used as a semi-prefabricated part to be spliced and connected into a ring on site, or is axially connected into a line to be arranged at a designed position, and the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 and the secondary lining concrete 7 form a permanent structure of the tunnel together.
Further, the multifunctional sensor 10 is a comprehensive sensor capable of detecting temperature, flow and water pressure, and is used for monitoring the water flow state in the corrugated steel sandwich module box in real time, so as to facilitate control.
Further, the structural health monitoring element 11 is a multifunctional element provided with a displacement meter and a soil pressure cell, and is used for monitoring, sensing and collecting mechanical conditions such as stress, deformation and displacement of the whole tunnel structure in real time.
Further, the valve 15 comprises a water inlet valve, a safety valve and a bypass valve, wherein the water inlet valve is connected with the cold water pipe 8 and used for controlling water flow; the bypass valve is arranged on a bypass pipe of the water inlet valve pipe section and is used for filling water to balance the front and rear water pressure of the water inlet valve; the safety valve is connected with the hot water pipe 9 to play a safety protection role in the system, the valve 15 and the heat exchange pipe 16 are connected with the sealing ring through threads, when the pressure of the system exceeds a specified value, the safety valve is opened, and a part of steam gas and water in the system are discharged out of the pipeline, so that the pressure of the system does not exceed an allowable value.
Furthermore, hoisting rings are welded on the left side plate and the right side plate of the corrugated steel sandwich module box 4 and are used for hoisting, transporting and hoisting the structure or the corrugated steel sandwich module box 4 on site.
The heat-absorbing energy-absorbing yielding tunnel structure is mainly used for high-stress high-ground-temperature tunnels and has the principle that the energy-absorbing yielding function of releasing partial surrounding rock pressure and deformation energy and absorbing energy accumulated under the action of dynamic load is jointly realized through the active supporting and energy releasing action of a pressure-type energy anchor rod 1 and the compressible deformation energy-absorbing action of a wave-shaped steel interlayer module box 4; through the liquid circulation heat exchange in the plate heat exchanger formed by the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 and the sleeve heat exchanger formed by the yielding type energy anchor rod 1, the geothermal energy of the rock mass around the high-ground-temperature tunnel is developed, and then the geothermal energy is used for heating and power generation, so that the effect of relieving the thermal coupling disaster of the high-stress high-ground-temperature tunnel is achieved.
When the structure is used in a tunnel, the wave-shaped steel interlayer module box 4 is positioned in the middle of the whole body, and is tightly combined with a primary support and a secondary concrete layer 7 which are formed in the new Austrian tunnel and after excavation through the yielding type energy anchor rods 1, the primary sprayed concrete layer 3 and the I-shaped steel arch frames 2 to form a rigid-flexible combined permanent structure of the tunnel.
As shown in fig. 3-4, when the present invention is used in a high-stress high-ground-temperature tunnel, the corrugated steel sandwich module case 4 may be a rectangular parallelepiped corrugated steel sandwich module as shown in fig. 3, and the corrugated steel sandwich module case 4 may be a segment steel sandwich module as shown in fig. 4.
Fig. 5 and 6 show that the corrugated steel interlayer module box 4 is applied to annular connection and ring formation of the tunnel, and the corrugated steel interlayer module is prefabricated in a factory and assembled on site; when the ring-shaped module box is used, a ring or a plurality of rings are formed along the inner contour of the tunnel, the wave-shaped steel interlayer module box 4 can be welded with the primary supporting structure into a whole, and the wave-shaped steel interlayer module box is axially arranged between the front and rear two-plate two-lining formwork concrete of the tunnel, can bear the radial and axial pressure of the tunnel, and plays the roles of absorbing energy, yielding pressure and heat to develop geothermal energy.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the wave-shaped steel interlayer module used as a pipe joint alone, when the wave-shaped steel interlayer module box 4 is used as a pipe joint alone for a tunnel with high ground stress and high ground temperature, factory prefabrication and field assembly are adopted, the wave-shaped steel interlayer module box 4 is arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel alone or in a line at the local position of the radial vault, arch waist or arch foot of the tunnel, and the wave-shaped steel interlayer module box 4 and the primary sprayed concrete layer 3 are connected into a whole and embedded in the secondary lining concrete 7 at four weeks, can bear the radial and axial pressure of the tunnel, and plays roles of energy absorption, pressure yielding, heat extraction and energy development.
With reference to fig. 5, 6 and 7, for a tunnel with extremely high ground stress and ultrahigh ground temperature, a primary sprayed concrete layer 3, an i-steel arch frame 2 and a yielding type energy anchor rod 1 are used as a new Austrian method primary support system, and a wave-shaped steel interlayer module box 4 is used as a permanent bearing structure which has small rigidity, can deform, absorb energy, yield pressure, heat and heat for power generation, can control the proper release and deformation of surrounding rock stress after tunnel excavation, and can increase the structural safety and facilitate construction; after the thickness of the second lining concrete 7 is reduced, the second lining concrete is arranged on the outermost side of the tunnel in a molding mode to play a role in enhancing safety and protection.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a get heat energy-absorbing and let and press tunnel structure which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a pressure-yielding type energy anchor rod (1), an I-shaped steel arch frame (2), a primary spraying concrete layer (3), a corrugated steel interlayer module box (4), a heat insulation layer (5), a waterproof layer (6), a secondary lining concrete layer (7), a cold water pipe (8), a hot water pipe (9), a multifunctional sensor (10), a structural health monitoring element (11), a heat exchange hole (12), a reserved connecting block (13), a reserved pipe (14), a valve (15) and a heat exchange pipe group (16);
the second lining concrete layer (7) is positioned on the outermost layer, the waterproof layer (6) is welded on the upper surface of the second lining concrete layer (7), and the heat insulation layer (5) is bonded on the upper surface of the waterproof layer (6);
the laminated plate (411) composed of a plurality of horizontal wave-shaped metal plates is arranged inside the wave-shaped steel interlayer module box (4), the outer part of the laminated plate (411) is formed by welding an upper panel (412), a lower panel (413), a left side plate (414), a right side plate (415), a front plate (416) and a rear plate (417) to form a box body to surround the laminated plate (411), the upper panel (412) is provided with a plurality of heat exchange holes (12), the lower panel (413) and the laminated plate (411) are provided with a plurality of groups of reserved pipes (14), the lower panel (413) of the wave-shaped steel interlayer module box (4) is tightly attached to the upper surface of the heat insulation layer (5), and the multifunctional sensor (15) is arranged inside the wave-shaped steel interlayer;
the primary spraying concrete layer (3) is tightly attached to the upper surface of an upper panel (412) of the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4), the I-shaped steel arch frame (2) is welded with the upper part of the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4) through a reserved connecting block (13), the rod body of the pressure type energy anchor rod (1) is hollow, a cold water pipe (8) and a hot water pipe (9) are arranged in the hollow, the outer surface of one end of the pressure type energy anchor rod (1) is welded on the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4) through the reserved connecting block (13), the cold water pipe (8) and the hot water pipe (9) which are arranged in the hollow are arranged in a reserved pipe (14) of a left side plate (414) and a right side plate (415), and the contact position of the pressure type energy anchor rod (1) and the I-shaped steel arch frame (2) is welded on the surface of the; structural health monitoring elements (11) are respectively arranged between an upper panel (412) and a primary sprayed concrete layer (3) and between a lower panel (413) and a second lining concrete layer (7) of the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4), a cold water pipe (8) and a hot water pipe (9) are combined into a heat exchange pipe group (16), three groups of heat exchange pipe groups (16) are arranged, wherein the left heat exchange pipe group and the right heat exchange pipe group (16) are arranged in two groups of reserved pipes (14) and are connected with cold and hot water pipes in the yielding type energy anchor rod (1) through hoses; the reserved pipe (14) located in the corrugated steel interlayer module box (4) continuously penetrates through the heat insulation layer (5), the waterproof layer (6) and the second lining concrete layer (7), and the reserved pipe (14) connected with the yielding type energy anchor rod (1) of the other group of heat exchange pipes (16) also penetrates through the second lining concrete layer (7), the waterproof layer (6) and the heat insulation layer (5).
2. The heat-absorbing yielding tunnel structure according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof layer (6) is an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) plate with a rubber water stop, the waterproof layer (6) is fixed by an ultrasonic welding machine, and the double-seam heat-sealing creeping welding machine is welded and tightly attached to the upper surface of the second lining concrete layer (7).
3. A heat-extracting energy-absorbing yielding tunnel structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thermal insulation layer (5) is a rigid polyurethane board.
4. A heat-extracting energy-absorbing yielding tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the corrugated steel sandwich module box (4) is a square or arc tube sheet-shaped box body, the laminated plate (411) is a plate made of high-quality low-carbon steel plate or aluminum alloy material, the thickness of the single-layer laminated plate (411) is 0.3-1.0 cm, the minimum clearance at the profiling intersection between layers is 5mm, the upper panel (412) and the lower panel (413) are low-carbon steel plates, the thickness of the plate is 0.5-1.2 cm, and the left side plate (414), the right side plate (415), the front plate (416) and the rear plate (417) are thin metal plates with ductility and flexibility.
5. A heat-extracting energy-absorbing yielding tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the multifunctional sensor (10) is a comprehensive sensor capable of detecting temperature, flow and water pressure.
6. A heat-extraction energy-absorption yielding tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the structure health monitoring element (11) is a multifunctional element provided with a displacement meter and an earth pressure cell.
7. A heat-extraction energy-absorption yielding tunnel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the valve (15) comprises a water inlet valve, a safety valve and a bypass valve, wherein the water inlet valve is connected with the cold water pipe (8) and is used for controlling water flow; the bypass valve is arranged on a bypass pipe of the water inlet valve pipe section and is used for filling water to balance the front and rear water pressure of the water inlet valve; the safety valve is connected with the hot water pipe (9) and plays a role of safety protection in the system, and the valve (15) and the heat exchange pipe group (16) are connected with the sealing ring through turning threads.
8. A heat-extraction energy-absorption yielding tunnel structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein hoisting rings are welded to left and right side plates of the corrugated steel sandwich module box (4).
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| CN114320341A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-12 | 中铁十六局集团第四工程有限公司 | High rock temperature tunnel entrance to a cave section stability control structure |
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| CN111188630B (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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